Extrusion casting forming device

Abstract

The invention discloses an extrusion casting forming device which comprises a fixed die assembly and a movable die assembly which are oppositely arranged, a cavity can be formed after the fixed die assembly and the movable die assembly are assembled, a fixed die punch is arranged in the fixed die assembly, a movable die punch is arranged in the movable die assembly, a charging barrel is further arranged in the fixed die assembly or the movable die assembly, and the fixed die assembly and the movable die assembly are arranged in the charging barrel. The charging barrel is communicated with the cavity through a central pouring gate, and the central pouring gate is perpendicular to the parting surface of the cavity. The injection mold is provided with the center pouring gate, the center pouring gate and the fixed mold assembly or the movable mold assembly are of an integrated structure, the parting surface of the mold cavity is perpendicular to the center pouring gate, the flow from the center pouring gate to the tail end of the mold cavity is short and relatively balanced, pressure of the fixed mold punch or the movable mold punch can be more effectively transmitted to the mold cavity, and the pressurization effect is good; and exhaust, mold filling, feeding and crystallization are facilitated, the performance of a formed casting is relatively balanced, and the technological adaptability of extrusion casting forming is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to mechanical equipment for parts molding, in particular to an extrusion casting molding device. Background Art

[0002] Squeeze casting, also known as liquid die forging, is a process method that applies high mechanical pressure to the liquid metal entering the mold cavity to make it shape and solidify, thereby obtaining a casting. The casting has a dense structure, refined grains, and mechanical properties close to forgings but higher than other ordinary castings.

[0003] Squeeze casting is divided into direct extrusion casting and indirect extrusion casting. In direct extrusion casting, liquid metal is filled into the cavity composed of a punch and a die under pressure. The extrusion punch is directly squeezed on the casting. The main feature is that the metal has a slight plastic deformation during molding, and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the casting are relatively good. The metal liquid of indirect extrusion casting is poured into the barrel of the injection system, and the injection punch injects the metal liquid into the gate after the mold is closed. The metal enters the mold cavity through the ingrowth to form the casting. In order to create good exhaust conditions, the extrusion punch exerts an extrusion force on the metal liquid mainly in the vertical direction from top to bottom or from bottom to top. The closing direction of the indirect extrusion casting mold mainly includes two categories: vertical extrusion casting with horizontal parting and horizontal extrusion casting with vertical parting. The extrusion casting equipment mainly includes: fixed mold, movable mold, injection system, hydraulic and control system, etc. The movable mold moves longitudinally (or horizontally) under the push of the working cylinder to form a cavity with the fixed mold, and then the movable mold is locked. The cylinder of the injection system pushes the injection punch to inject the metal liquid into the cavity and pressurize it. After molding, the fixed mold and the movable mold are separated to take out the material handle and the casting.

[0004] The process adaptability of the existing extrusion castings is relatively insufficient. The castings are separated from the material handle after demolding. There is a turning gate between the gate and the cavity of the horizontally parted vertical extrusion casting machine, and the kinetic energy loss of the injection punch is large, which increases the pressure loss. The cavity of the vertically parted horizontal indirect extrusion casting machine is arranged vertically between the movable mold and the fixed mold. The process distance between the gate and the end of the cavity is relatively large. The part of the casting far from the gate is subjected to a large pressure loss, resulting in uneven performance of the casting. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an extrusion casting molding device which is beneficial to casting molding, obtains relatively balanced mechanical properties, and improves the process adaptability of extrusion casting.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An extrusion casting molding device includes a fixed mold assembly and a movable mold assembly arranged relatively to each other. The fixed mold assembly and the movable mold assembly can form a cavity when the fixed mold assembly and the movable mold assembly are molded together. The fixed mold assembly is provided with a fixed mold punch, and the movable mold assembly is provided with a movable mold punch. The fixed mold assembly or the movable mold assembly is also provided with a barrel, and the barrel is connected to the cavity through a center gate, and the center gate is perpendicular to the parting surface of the cavity.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the central gate is a conical structure and the diameter of the end close to the barrel is smaller.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the fixed die punch or the movable die punch is a combined punch, and the combined punch includes a center punch and an outer punch sleeved on the outer periphery of the center punch, the center punch is aligned with the center gate, and the moving speed of the outer punch is less than the moving speed of the center punch.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the center punch is also provided with a punch sleeve, and the sleeve top of the punch sleeve can be separated from the sleeve body.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a punching die is also provided at one end of the central gate close to the barrel.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the movable mold assembly and the fixed mold assembly are arranged opposite to each other up and down.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0014] The extrusion casting molding device disclosed in the present invention is provided with a center gate. The center gate and the fixed mold component or the movable mold component are an integrated structure, and the parting surface of the cavity is perpendicular to the center gate. The process from the center gate to the end of the cavity is short and relatively balanced. The pressure of the fixed mold punch or the movable mold punch can be more effectively transmitted to the cavity, and the pressurization effect is good, which is conducive to exhaust, filling, shrinkage compensation and crystallization. The performance of the casting obtained by molding is relatively balanced, which improves the process adaptability of extrusion casting molding.

[0015] Furthermore, the combined punch injects metal liquid to fill the mold cavity, and the movement speed of the center punch is greater than that of the outer punch. The center punch is aligned with the center gate. During the filling process, the center punch is close to the center gate, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of punching and separating the material handle and facilitates demolding of the casting.

[0016] Furthermore, it is beneficial to the positioning of the insert for the molded casting, and reduces the direct erosion of the metal liquid on the aluminized surface of the wear-resistant insert ring, which is beneficial to ensure the bonding quality of the wear-resistant insert ring and the piston base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1a It is a structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1b It is a structural schematic diagram of the use status of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1c It is a schematic structural diagram of a combined punch according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1d It is a schematic structural diagram of an idler wheel casting formed in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2a It is a structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2b It is a structural schematic diagram of the use status of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2c It is a schematic structural diagram of a combined punch according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2d It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the punch sleeve in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2e It is a schematic structural diagram of a piston casting formed in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0026] The symbols in the figure represent:

[0027] 1. Fixed die assembly; 11. Fixed die punch; 12. Fixed die; 2. Moving die assembly; 21. Moving die punch; 22. Moving die; 3. Material barrel; 4. Casting; 41. Material handle; 42. Wheel hub; 43. Spoke; 44. Wheel rim; 5. Cavity; 6. Center gate; 71. Center punch; 72. External punch; 73. Punch sleeve; 731. Sleeve top; 732. Sleeve body; 8. Punching die; 9. Wear-resistant insert ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "assemble", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Figure 1a to Figure 1d An embodiment of the extrusion casting molding device of the present invention is shown. The extrusion casting molding device of this embodiment includes a fixed mold assembly 1 and a movable mold assembly 2 arranged relatively. The fixed mold assembly 1 and the movable mold assembly 2 can form a cavity 5 after being molded together. The fixed mold assembly 1 is provided with a fixed mold punch 11, and the movable mold assembly 2 is provided with a movable mold punch 21. The movable mold assembly 2 is also provided with a barrel 3, and the barrel 3 is connected to the cavity 5 through a central gate 6. The central gate 6 is perpendicular to the parting surface of the cavity 5 (specifically, the movable mold 22 in the movable mold assembly 2 is provided with a central gate 6). Preferably, the fixed mold assembly 1 is located below the movable mold assembly 2, that is, this embodiment adopts vertical extrusion casting. Of course, in other embodiments, the fixed mold assembly 1 and the movable mold assembly 2 can also adopt other arrangements.

[0034] In this embodiment, the central gate 6 is a conical structure and the end close to the barrel 3 has a smaller diameter.

[0035] Since the barrel 3 and the center gate 6 are arranged in the movable mold assembly 2, accordingly, in this embodiment, the movable mold punch 21 adopts a combined punch, which includes a center punch 71 and an outer punch 72 sleeved on the outer periphery of the center punch 71. The center punch 71 is aligned with the center gate 6, and the moving speed of the outer punch 72 is less than the moving speed of the center punch 71.

[0036] In this embodiment, a punching die 8 is further provided at one end of the central gate 6 close to the barrel 3 .

[0037] The process of the extrusion casting device of this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] Preheat the mold - spray the release agent - close the mold and close the center gate 6 - pour liquid metal into the barrel 3 - the combined punch moves downward to push the liquid metal into the cavity 5 for filling and the speed of the center punch 71 is greater than that of the outer punch 72 - the center punch 71 is fixed near the center gate 6 - the casting 4 is pressure formed - mold separation - the center punch 71 moves downward to separate the material handle 41 from the casting 4 - the casting 4 is separated from the movable mold 22 - the fixed mold punch 11 moves upward to separate the casting 4 from the fixed mold 12 - the combined punch moves upward and drives the material handle 41 to separate from the barrel 3 - the outer punch 72 moves downward and the material handle 41 is separated from the combined punch.

[0039] When the mold is closed, the fixed die punch 11 of the fixed die assembly 1 moves upward to close the central gate 6 and the barrel 3 , and when molding, the fixed die punch 11 moves downward to surround the molding cavity 5 with the fixed die 12 and the movable die 22 .

[0040] Liquid metal is poured into the barrel 3 on the movable mold 22, and the oxide in the liquid metal rises upward and gathers at the upper part of the handle 41. The combined punch moves downward to compress the liquid metal, and the fixed mold punch 11 moves downward. The liquid metal enters the filling cavity 5 from the center gate 6 under the push of the combined punch to fill the cavity 5. During filling, the speed of the center punch 71 is greater than that of the outer punch 72, and reaches the set position at the same time as the outer punch 72. The center punch 71 is located near the center gate 6, and the bottom surface corresponds to the mouth of the punching die 8 of the movable mold 22.

[0041] Pressure molding: After filling, pressurization is applied. The pressure of the center punch 71 is more effectively transmitted to the cavity 5. The metal liquid and the casting 4 are compensated, crystallized, and formed under pressure. The mold is separated after the pressure is released.

[0042] Demolding of casting 4:

[0043] The fixed die punch 11 and the movable die assembly 2 move upward, and the casting 4 is separated from the fixed die 12; the center punch 71 moves downward to expand the metal of the material handle 41 and cooperates with the punching die 8 to separate the material handle 41 from the casting 4, and the casting 4 is separated from the movable die 22.

[0044] Demolding of the handle 41:

[0045] The combined punch moves upward, the metal of the material handle 41 surrounds the central punch 71 and separates from the movable die 22 and the barrel 3 , and the outer punch 72 moves downward and the material handle 41 is separated from the central punch 71 .

[0046] The casting 4 formed in this embodiment is an idler wheel, which includes a hub 42 , spokes 43 and a rim 44 . The rim 44 is located at the outer periphery of the hub 42 , and a plurality of spokes 43 connect the rim 44 and the hub 42 .

[0047] The extrusion casting molding device of this embodiment is provided with an integrated central gate 6 to solve the problem of filling the idler wheel well. The metal liquid reaches the rim 44 along the spokes 43 of the idler wheel, and can evenly fill the cavity rim 44. The metal liquid flows from top to bottom, which is conducive to the accumulation of metal oxides on the material handle 41, and the casting 4 has fewer defects. While filling the mold, the center punch 71 is fixed at a position close to the center gate 6, and the low strength of the metal at high temperature is used to separate the material handle 41 and the casting 4, so as to reduce the difficulty of punching and separating the material handle 41 and ensure the smooth demolding of the casting 4.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Figure 2a to Figure 2e Another embodiment of the extrusion casting molding device of the present invention is shown. The extrusion casting molding device of this embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that:

[0050] In this embodiment, the barrel 3, the central gate 6 and the punching die 8 are arranged in the fixed die assembly 1, and correspondingly, the fixed die punch 11 is a combined punch.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a punch sleeve 73 is also provided on the center punch 71, and a sleeve top 731 of the punch sleeve 73 can be separated from a sleeve body 732. Before closing the mold, the top of the combined punch is sleeved with the punch sleeve 73. During molding, the center punch 71 punches and separates the sleeve top 731 and the sleeve body 732 of the punch sleeve 73, and the sleeve body 732 remains in the material handle 41. The sleeve top 731 is pushed into the runner of the punching die 8 by the center punch 71, and the casting 4 is separated from the material handle 41.

[0052] The process of the extrusion casting device of this embodiment is as follows:

[0053] Mold preheating - spraying release agent - mold closing (including installing wear-resistant insert ring 9 in the piston) - pouring molten metal in barrel 3 - barrel 3 and combined punch move upward to push molten metal into cavity 5 for filling and the speed of center punch 71 is greater than that of outer punch 72 - center punch 71 divides punch sleeve 73 into sleeve body 732 and sleeve top 731 and then enters into center gate 6 - casting 4 is pressure formed - mold separation - center punch 71 moves upward to separate material handle 41 from casting 4 - casting 4 is separated from fixed mold 12 - movable mold punch 21 moves downward to separate casting 4 from movable mold 22 - combined punch moves downward and drives material handle 41 to separate from fixed mold 12 - outer punch 72 moves upward and material handle 41 is separated from combined punch.

[0054] The casting 4 formed in this embodiment is a piston. The center punch 71 is inserted into the runner of the center gate 6, with small pressure loss, which improves the extrusion effect on the cavity 5 and ensures the mechanical properties of the casting 4. The piston can also be inlaid with a wear-resistant insert ring, a throat inlaid or formed ceramic reinforcement, and a formed cooling oil cavity to reduce the erosion of the aluminum-infiltrated surface of the wear-resistant insert ring 9, which well solves the long-standing extrusion casting molding problem in the piston industry, thereby improving the ability of the piston to withstand alternating loads and expanding the application range of the extrusion casting process and products. The center punch 71 can strengthen the extrusion reinforcement of the piston combustion chamber and improve the mechanical properties of the piston combustion chamber.

[0055] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extrusion casting molding device, comprising a fixed die assembly (1) and a movable die assembly (2) arranged relatively to each other, wherein the fixed die assembly (1) and the movable die assembly (2) can form a cavity (5) after being molded together, the fixed die assembly (1) is provided with a fixed die punch (11), and the movable die assembly (2) is provided with a movable die punch (21), characterized in that: The fixed mold assembly (1) or the movable mold assembly (2) is also provided with a barrel (3), and the barrel (3) is connected to the mold cavity (5) through a central gate (6), and the central gate (6) is perpendicular to the parting surface of the mold cavity (5).

2. The extrusion casting molding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central gate (6) is a conical structure and has a smaller diameter at the end close to the barrel (3).

3. The extrusion casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed die punch (11) or the movable die punch (21) is a combined punch, comprising a center punch (71) and an outer punch (72) sleeved on the outer periphery of the center punch (71), the center punch (71) is aligned with the center gate (6), and the moving speed of the outer punch (72) is lower than the moving speed of the center punch (71).

4. The extrusion casting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The center punch (71) is also provided with a punch sleeve (73), and the sleeve top (731) of the punch sleeve (73) can be separated from the sleeve body (732).

5. The squeeze casting molding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A punching die (8) is also provided at one end of the central gate (6) close to the barrel (3).

6. The extrusion casting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The movable mold assembly (2) and the fixed mold assembly (1) are arranged vertically opposite to each other.

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