A machine tool structure with an avoidance-type fixed main shaft

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tool auxiliary structures, and particularly to a machine tool structure with an avoidance-type fixed spindle, which includes a fixing unit for clamping one end of the spindle. The fixing unit includes a disc body and a plurality of pressing groups. The plurality of pressing groups are distributed around the axis of the disc body on the end face of the disc body, and the plurality of pressing groups can approach or separate from each other. Each pressing group includes a plurality of roller bodies. By using a plurality of pressing groups containing roller bodies to fix the spindle, it can be ensured that the spindle is allowed to rotate when the pressing groups are stationary, thus meeting the processing requirements. At the same time, this method can utilize the gaps between adjacent two pressing groups to allow the cutting tool on the machine tool to pass through, so as to machine the part of the spindle blocked between multiple pressing groups, realizing the mutual avoidance method between the pressing groups and the cutting tool, rather than having to change the orientation of the spindle for machining in the traditional way, simplifying the machining method and improving the machining convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary structures of machine tools, and particularly to a machine tool structure with an avoidance-type fixed spindle. Background Art

[0002] The spindle is a key component in a machine tool or similar equipment. It is a core component used to mount workpieces or tools and drive them to rotate. In machining, the quality of the spindle directly affects important indicators such as machining accuracy, efficiency, and surface quality.

[0003] The spindle is usually made of high-strength alloy steel and is precision machined and heat-treated under constant temperature and humidity conditions to ensure its sufficient rigidity and precision. According to different application requirements, the design and configuration of the spindle will also vary. For example, in a numerically controlled machine tool, the spindle may need to support high-speed operation, and at the same time, have good dynamic response performance and thermal stability to ensure the reliability of long-term operation.

[0004] Currently, the machining of the spindle is completed on a high-precision machine tool. The spindle is clamped and fixed by a chuck or other structures on the machine tool and rotated, and then the spindle is machined in cooperation with the tools on the machine tool. However, the existing chuck structures on the market have some deficiencies in practical applications. For example, when the chuck clamps the spindle in real time, the clamping position of the spindle will cause the tool to be unable to move to the clamping position due to the occlusion and synchronous rotation of the chuck, resulting in the tool being unable to process this position of the spindle. It is necessary to flip the spindle and use other positions on the spindle to clamp the spindle, exposing the original clamping position, and then perform machining. This undoubtedly makes the machining extremely inconvenient, and due to the fixed clamping position on the spindle, when the spindle rotates and is machined, the clamping position will produce indentations and damages due to long-term stress. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a machine tool structure with an avoidance-type fixed spindle, and the specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine tool structure with an avoidance-type fixed spindle, which is installed on a machine tool to fix a spindle, and includes:

[0007] A fixing unit that clamps one end of the spindle, including a disk body and a plurality of pressing groups. The plurality of pressing groups are distributed on the end face of the disk body around the axis of the disk body. The plurality of pressing groups can approach or separate from each other. The pressing group includes a plurality of rollers. The rollers squeeze and fix the spindle, and at least in a partial interval where the rollers move, the rollers rotate and drive the spindle to rotate self.

[0008] A lifting unit that lifts the other end of the main shaft;

[0009] A power unit that provides power for the movement of the roller body;

[0010] Wherein, the disc body and the lifting unit are both relatively fixed on the machine tool, and the power unit is arranged on the disc body.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the pressing groups is at least three, and the coverage range in the circumferential direction of the disc body is greater than a semi-circle. The number of the roller bodies in each pressing group is at least two, and the axes of the roller bodies are parallel to each other.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressing group moves along the radial direction of the end face of the disc body.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressing group further includes a side pressing part that positions the main shaft in its own axis direction;

[0014] The side pressing part includes two support bodies, and a number of rolling bodies in contact with the main shaft are arranged on the support bodies.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the rolling body is frustum-shaped. When the roller body is in the working position, the tip of the cone where the rolling body is located coincides with the axis of the disc body.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressing group further includes a moving seat;

[0017] One of the support bodies in the side pressing part is fixed on the corresponding moving seat, and the other support body moves along the vertical connection line between the two support bodies and limits the position of the main shaft in its own axis direction.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, a number of tubes are inserted through one of the support bodies fixed on the moving seat in the side pressing part. Each roller body is correspondingly fixed at the end of the tube. The power unit drives the roller body to rotate through the tube. A pull column is slidably inserted through each tube. The pull column passes through the corresponding roller body and is fixed on the other support body. The power unit drives the corresponding support body to move through the pull column.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the disc body is hollow;

[0020] The power unit includes a moving ring slidably located inside the disc body and an oil cylinder located inside the disc body that provides power for the movement of the moving ring. The moving ring is in transmission connection with each moving seat. When the moving ring moves, a number of moving seats approach or separate from each other;

[0021] The moving ring is coaxial with the disc body, and the moving ring moves along its own axis direction. The end face of the moving ring facing the moving seat is set as a conical surface, and the end face of the moving seat facing the moving ring is set as a slope surface that cooperates with the conical surface of the moving ring.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power unit further includes a pull ring located inside the moving ring and connected to each pull column. The pull ring is connected to the fixed end of each oil cylinder through a connecting frame. The fixed end of the oil cylinder is connected to the disc body through an elastic body. The elastic body provides an elastic supporting force for the oil cylinder, and the connecting frame is slidably arranged inside the disc body.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, a frame for supporting the disc body is arranged outside the disc body. The disc body is relatively fixed on the machine tool through the frame. The disc body rotates on the frame, and a main motor and a power wheel for providing power for the rotation of the disc body are arranged on the frame.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] By using a number of pressing groups containing roller bodies to fix the main shaft, it can be ensured that the main shaft is allowed to rotate when the pressing groups are stationary, thus meeting the processing requirements. At the same time, this method can use the gap between two adjacent pressing groups to allow the cutting tool on the machine tool to pass through, so as to process the part of the main shaft blocked between multiple pressing groups, realizing the mutual avoidance between the pressing groups and the cutting tool, without the need to change the orientation of the main shaft for processing as in the traditional method, simplifying the processing method, improving the processing convenience, and avoiding the risk of generating indentation and damage at the clamping position of the main shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 3 is an exploded structural diagram of the fixing unit in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic explosion structure diagram of the power unit in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic structure diagram of the moving seat in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic structure diagram of the oil cylinder and the oil supply and drainage oil circuit in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 100, main shaft;

[0035] 200, fixing unit; 201, disk body; 202, long hole; 203, moving seat; 204, roller body; 205, support body; 206, rolling body; 207, clamping plate one; 208, clamping plate two; 209, pipe body; 210, pull column;

[0036] 300, lifting unit;

[0037] 400, power unit; 401, moving ring; 402, oil cylinder; 403, pull ring; 404, connecting frame; 405, elastic body; 406, oil supply and drainage oil circuit; 407, transmission ring; 408, power motor; 409, first transmission wheel; 410, second transmission wheel;

[0038] 500, machine frame; 501, main motor; 502, power wheel. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific implementation manners of the present invention. The following embodiments illustrate the present invention but do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0040] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a machine tool structure for avoiding and fixing a main shaft of the present invention is installed on a machine tool to fix the main shaft 100, and includes:

[0041] A fixing unit 200 that clamps one end of the main shaft 100, includes a disk body 201 and a plurality of pressing groups. The plurality of pressing groups are distributed on the end face of the disk body 201 around the axis of the disk body 201. The plurality of pressing groups can approach or separate from each other. The pressing group includes a plurality of roller bodies 204. The roller bodies 204 press and fix the main shaft 100, and at least in a partial interval where the roller bodies 204 move, the roller bodies 204 rotate and drive the main shaft 100 to rotate self-rotationally;

[0042] A lifting unit 300 that lifts the other end of the main shaft 100;

[0043] A power unit 400 that provides power for the movement of the roller bodies 204;

[0044] Among them, the disk body 201 and the lifting unit 300 are both relatively fixed on the machine tool, and the power unit 400 is arranged on the disk body 201.

[0045] By using the fixing unit 200 and the lifting unit 300, the support and fixation of both ends of the main shaft 100 can be realized. Of course, the lifting unit 300 mainly plays an auxiliary role. In some embodiments, the lifting unit 300 may not be provided, or the end of the main shaft 100 may be lifted directly by a roller, or several rollers may be distributed annularly around the end of the main shaft 100 and the main shaft 100 may be clamped, etc. This will not be elaborated here;

[0046] The fixing unit 200 and the lifting unit 300 need to be installed on the machine tool and used in cooperation with structures such as the tool on the machine tool;

[0047] When fixing the main shaft 100, the power unit 400 can push multiple pressure groups to approach each other, and the multiple pressure groups clamp and fix one end of the main shaft 100 between them. By using the rotation of the roller body 204, the main shaft 100 is driven to rotate to achieve the purpose of machining. At this time, the position of the roller body 204 remains unchanged, that is, the gap position between adjacent pressure groups does not change. The tool on the machine tool can extend through the gap to the outer wall of the main shaft 100 to achieve the purpose of machining. In this way, the avoidance between the tool and the pressure group is realized, which not only ensures the stability and firmness of the clamping, but also can achieve the purpose of exposing and machining the clamped position or the shielded part on the side of the clamped position close to the disk body 201;

[0048] In actual use, the size of the gap between adjacent two groups of clamping components, the distribution position relationship among multiple groups of clamping components, the position of the gap for the tool to pass through, etc. can all be set as required. And since there are multiple gaps, it allows the tool to achieve the processing purpose at the gaps in different positions. When the clamping components clamp the main shaft 100, their positions remain unchanged, so the phenomenon of collision between the clamping components and the tool will not occur, achieving the effect of avoidance. The setting of the disk body 201 is mainly to provide an installation position and an axis reference for multiple groups of clamping components. That is, when machining the main shaft 100, in order to improve the machining accuracy, the position of the main shaft 100 can be limited by means of the axis position of the disk body 201, so that when multiple groups of clamping components clamp the main shaft 100, the axis of the disk body 201 coincides with the axis of the main shaft 100; the movement form of the clamping components on the end face of the disk body 201 can adopt synchronous movement or non-synchronous movement, that is, as long as the main shaft 100 can be clamped at a position coaxial with the disk body 201; the movement form of the clamping components when approaching or departing from the axis of the disk body 201 can adopt various movement forms such as in the radial direction along the end face of the disk body 201, arc movement on the end face of the disk body 201, curvilinear movement, etc., all of which are within the protection scope of this case, and as long as the effects of this case can be achieved, they will not be elaborated here. Of course, in actual use, generally a form such as a chuck will be adopted, that is, the clamping components move in the radial direction along the end face of the disk body 201 on the end face of the disk body 201, and for the convenience of positioning the axis of the main shaft 100, multiple groups of clamping components will adopt the synchronous movement mode;

[0049] Since the main shaft 100 needs to be assembled to positions such as the spindle box through the flange on the main shaft 100, and there is a certain distance between the flange and the end face of the main shaft 100, this area will be blocked by the chuck in the traditional machining method, so it is not easy to machine. By adopting the avoidance method in this case, it allows the tool to machine this area; to avoid the clamping components also causing blockage to this area, the fixing area of the clamping components to the main shaft 100 can be set on the flange or other positions that do not affect machining. In actual use, since the accuracy requirement for the flange position is relatively low, the fixing position is generally set on the flange, that is, the roller body 204 clamps and fixes the outer circumference of the flange;

[0050] It should be noted that since the roller body 204 needs to drive the main shaft 100 to rotate, the axis of the roller body 204 is parallel to the axis of the main shaft 100, and multiple groups of clamping components are annularly distributed around the axis of the disk body 201;

[0051] By using a number of pressing groups containing the roller bodies 204 to fix the main shaft 100, it can be ensured that the pressing groups allow the main shaft 100 to perform rotational motion when stationary, thus meeting the processing requirements. At the same time, this method can utilize the gaps between adjacent two pressing groups to allow the cutting tools on the machine tool to pass through, so as to process the part of the main shaft 100 blocked between multiple pressing groups, realizing the mutual avoidance method between the pressing groups and the cutting tools, without the need to change the orientation of the main shaft 100 for processing as in the traditional method, simplifying the processing method, improving the processing convenience, and this method avoids the risk of generating indentation and damage at the clamping position of the main shaft 100.

[0052] Optimized based on the above implementation, the number of pressing groups is at least three, and the coverage range in the circumferential direction is greater than a semi-circle. The number of roller bodies 204 in the pressing group is at least two, and the axes of the roller bodies 204 are parallel to each other; by setting the number and coverage range of the pressing groups, stable and centering clamping work of the main shaft 100 can be realized. Of course, multiple pressing groups can be evenly or unevenly distributed in the circumferential direction, as long as it can provide enough gaps for the cutting tools to pass through. If there is a large gap between two adjacent pressing groups and smaller gaps in other positions, the position with the larger gap can be set as the common or basic processing position; the setting of the number of roller bodies 204 can make there be more contact positions between the pressing group and the main shaft 100 to improve the clamping stability, and can reduce the acting force between each roller body 204 and the main shaft 100, facilitating the protection of the main shaft 100. Of course, the number of roller bodies 204 cannot affect the size of the gap between two adjacent pressing groups; the parallel axes of a number of roller bodies 204 can allow at least one roller body 204 to provide power for the rotation of the main shaft 100.

[0053] Furthermore, the pressing group moves along the radial direction of the end face of the disk body 201; by enabling each pressing group to be able to move along the radial direction of the end face of the disk body 201, it is convenient to synchronously control the moving position, speed, etc. of the disk body 201, and then convenient to position the axis of the main shaft 100. At the same time, this movement mode of the pressing group is more convenient for processing the disk body 201. Compared with other movement modes such as curve, arc, inclination, etc. which cause great processing difficulty and high cost of the disk body 201, the advantages of this method are more prominent and obvious.

[0054] Since the roller bodies 204 in the pressing group can only fix the circumferential direction of the main shaft 100, and the roller bodies 204 rotate relative to the main shaft 100, they cannot limit the axial direction of the main shaft 100. Here, some special settings are added to achieve this limiting function, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pressing group further includes a side pressing part, and the side pressing part positions the main shaft 100 in its own axial direction;

[0055] The side pressure part includes two support bodies 205, and a number of rolling elements 206 in contact with the main shaft 100 are arranged on the support bodies 205;

[0056] The side pressure part limits the axial direction of the main shaft 100 through the rolling elements 206. The specific limiting position is generally on the end faces of the flanges on the main shaft 100, so as not to interfere with the machining position of the main shaft 100. Here, the support bodies 205 mainly support a number of rolling elements 206. The support bodies 205 can adopt structural forms such as plates, frames, and racks, and the rolling elements 206 can adopt structural forms such as balls, cylinders, and cones, all of which are within the protection scope of this case; By using the above structural form, the limiting effect on the axial direction of the main shaft 100 can be achieved, and the friction between the side pressure part and the main shaft 100 can be reduced;

[0057] It should be pointed out here that the rolling elements 206 can be specifically installed on the support bodies 205 through structures such as bearings, copper sleeves, and clamping wheels, as long as it can ensure that the rolling elements 206 rotate on the support bodies 205 and the rolling elements 206 play an anti-friction effect. The specific installation methods are all within the protection scope of this case.

[0058] Such as Figure 5 As shown, the shape of the rolling element 206 is frustum-shaped. When the roller 204 is in the working position, the tip of the cone where the rolling element 206 is located coincides with the axis of the disc body 201; Since the above structural form is directly related to the layout form of a number of rolling elements 206, the layout form of a number of rolling elements 206 on the support body 205 is not limited, that is, any layout form that meets the above requirements is acceptable, and all of them are within the protection scope of this case; By using this structural form, the rotational linear velocity at each place on the outer wall of the rolling element 206 can be limited, that is, when the roller 204 fixes the main shaft 100, the rotational linear velocity at any position on the main shaft 100 in contact with the outer wall of the rolling element 206 can be the same as the rotational linear velocity of the rolling element 206 itself, so that the rolling element 206 and the main shaft 100 can move relatively synchronously without causing relative friction at a certain position on the rolling element 206; This setting method can also reduce the layout restrictions on a number of rolling elements 206 on the support body 205, that is, a number of rolling elements 206 are allowed to be arranged in a staggered layout, an arc layout, etc., and all of them can meet the effect of not generating relative friction;

[0059] It should be noted here that, except for the layout where a number of rolling elements 206 on the support 205 are arranged in an arc and the center of the arc coincides with the axis of the disk body 201, other layout methods will cause the shapes and sizes of the number of rolling elements 206 to be inconsistent. In some cases, it is allowed to adopt the method of different shapes and sizes of a number of rolling elements 206. In the common method, for the convenience of processing and cost reduction, a number of rolling elements 206 will be processed in the same structure and size, which will not be elaborated here.

[0060] The specific assembly method of the support 205 and the rolling elements 206, such as Figure 5 As shown, the support 205 includes a first clamping plate 207 and a second clamping plate 208. The center of the rolling element 206 is located between the first clamping plate 207 and the second clamping plate 208. Notches are provided on both the first clamping plate 207 and the second clamping plate 208. At least a part of the outer wall of the rolling element 206 is exposed outside the support 205 through the notches, and the first clamping plate 207 and the second clamping plate 208 are fixedly connected; in this way, the first clamping plate 207 and the second clamping plate 208 can support and fix the rolling element 206, ensuring that the rolling element 206 can rotate smoothly on the support 205; more specifically, in order to realize the position clamping and limitation of the rolling element 206, the notches need to be formed in an arc shape, that is, the outer wall of the rolling element 206 is wrapped and limited by the arc surface, and only a part of the outer wall of the rolling element 206 is allowed to be exposed outside the support 205; this docking and clamping fixation method can limit most of the rolling element 206, so as to provide a more firm fastening effect for the rolling element 206, and the rotation stability of the rolling element 206 is stronger and the assembly is more convenient.

[0061] To realize the fixed connection between the first clamping plate 207 and the second clamping plate 208, specifically, the first clamping plate 207 and the second clamping plate 208 are relatively fixed by at least one of bolts, welding, connectors, clamping, etc.

[0062] Since the two supports 205 in the side pressing part need to limit the direction of the axis of the main shaft 100, the two supports 205 need to be able to approach or move away from each other, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pressing group further includes a moving seat 203; one support 205 in the side pressing part is fixed on the corresponding moving seat 203, and the other support 205 moves along the vertical connection line direction between the two supports 205 and limits the position of the main shaft 100 in its own axis direction; in this way, when starting to clamp the main shaft 100, the flange position of the main shaft 100 is located between the two supports 205, and the movable support 205 is allowed to approach the support 205 on the moving seat 203, so as to clamp the main shaft 100 by using the two supports 205, and when the main shaft 100 needs to be released, the two supports 205 can be separated;

[0063] Specifically, such asFigure 3 and Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 , a number of long holes 202 are formed on the end face of the disk body 201. The moving seat 203 passes through the long holes 202. When the moving seat 203 moves in the long holes 202, the moving seat 203 moves along the radial direction of the end face of the disk body 201. The power unit 400 is located inside the disk body 201. In this way, the power unit 400 can drive the roller body 204 to move through the moving seat 203. Of course, in addition to this method, other methods can also be used to achieve the above purpose, which will not be elaborated here.

[0064] Since both the roller body 204 and the rolling elements 206 act on the flange position of the main shaft 100, as Figure 5 shown, the roller body 204 in the pressing group is located between two support bodies 205 in the corresponding side pressing part.

[0065] Optimized based on the above implementation, as Figure 5 shown, a number of tubes 209 are inserted through a support body 205 fixed on the moving seat 203 in the side pressing part. Each roller body 204 is correspondingly fixed at the end of the tube 209. The power unit 400 drives the roller body 204 to rotate through the tube 209. A pull column 210 is slidably inserted through each tube 209. The pull column 210 passes through the corresponding roller body 204 and is fixed on the other support body 205. The power unit 400 drives the corresponding support body 205 to move through the pull column 210. Here, the form of a number of tubes 209 and a number of pull columns 210 is used to support the movable support body 205, so that the rotation of the support body 205 can be limited synchronously, that is, only linear motion of the support body 205 is allowed, and other forms of motion are not allowed. This not only achieves the effect of providing power for the movement of the support body 205, but also achieves the effect of limiting the alignment movement mode. The tube 209 mainly provides a support position for the roller body 204, and the power unit 400 can drive the roller body 204 to rotate through the tube 209. Therefore, for the rotational motion in the motion form of the roller body 204, power supply can also be achieved.

[0066] It should be noted here that the tube 209 is rotatably connected to at least one of the clamping plate one 207 and the clamping plate two 208 on the corresponding support body 205. The pull column 210 can be fixedly connected to the clamping plate one 207 or the clamping plate two 208 on the movable support body 205.

[0067] Furthermore, as Figure 4As shown, the power unit 400 includes a moving ring 401 slidably located inside the disk body 201 and an oil cylinder 402 located inside the disk body 201 and providing power for the movement of the moving ring 401. The moving ring 401 is in transmission connection with each moving seat 203. When the moving ring 401 moves, a plurality of moving seats 203 approach or separate from each other. The oil cylinder 402 is used to provide power for the movement of the moving ring 401, thereby synchronously providing power for the movement of a plurality of moving seats 203. This facilitates the synchronous control of a plurality of moving seats 203, and the purpose of moving a plurality of moving seats 203 can be achieved through one power source without the cumbersome operation of setting a power source for each moving seat 203. At the same time, this structural method can improve the synchronism of the movement of a plurality of moving seats 203, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the axis of the main shaft 100.

[0068] It should be noted that the transmission relationship between the moving ring 401 and each moving seat 203 can be any form such as lever transmission, hydraulic transmission, gear / rack transmission, slope transmission, etc. As long as it can achieve the purpose of this case, it is within the protection scope of this case.

[0069] To simplify the structural form and facilitate processing, the moving ring 401 is coaxial with the disk body 201, and the moving ring 401 moves along its own axis. The end face of the moving ring 401 facing the moving seat 203 is set as a conical surface, and the end face of the moving seat 203 facing the moving ring 401 is set as a slope surface that cooperates with the conical surface of the moving ring 401. In this way, when the moving ring 401 moves, the conical surface and the slope surface between the moving ring 401 and the moving seat 203 can be used to push the moving seat 203 closer to or away from the axis of the disk body 201, thereby achieving the purpose of driving a plurality of moving seats 203 to move. Since the moving ring 401 needs to drive the moving seat 203 to move in two directions, the moving ring 401 and the moving seat 203 need to maintain a connected state. Here, a plurality of sliding grooves can be opened in the generatrix direction of the conical surface of the moving ring 401, and sliding edges can be provided on the slope surface of the moving seat 203 to make the sliding grooves and the sliding edges slide and connect with each other. Of course, other methods can also be used to connect the moving ring 401 and the moving seat 203 as long as the purpose of this case can be achieved.

[0070] Such as Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the power unit 400 further includes a pull ring 403 located inside the moving ring 401 and connected to each pull column 210. The pull ring 403 is connected to the fixed end of each oil cylinder 402 through a connecting frame 404. The fixed end of the oil cylinder 402 is connected to the disk body 201 through an elastic body 405. The elastic body 405 provides an elastic supporting force for the oil cylinder 402. The connecting frame 404 is slidably arranged inside the disk body 201. Here, the sliding direction of the connecting frame 404 can be seen from the movement forms of the moving ring 401 and the oil cylinder 402, which is along the axis direction of the disk body 201. The connecting frame 404 can provide support for the oil cylinder 402, the moving ring 401 and the pull ring 403 to ensure the normal operation of the above structure. Of course, the moving ring 401 can also be slidably installed on the inner wall of the disk body 201 to enhance the stability of the structure operation. When the oil cylinder 402 extends, it will directly push the moving ring 401 to move, thereby driving a plurality of moving seats 203 and rollers 204 to approach each other and fix the main shaft 100. When the rollers 204 complete the fixation of the main shaft 100, the position of the rollers 204 no longer moves. At this time, the moving ring 401 stops moving, and the oil cylinder 402 will continue to extend. Then, the fixed end of the oil cylinder 402 will achieve movement by compressing the elastic body 405, that is, the fixed end of the oil cylinder 402 will move and drive the pull ring 403 to move through the connecting frame 404. The pull ring 403 will move in the opposite direction to the movement direction of the oil cylinder 402. The pull ring 403 pulls the pull column 210 and the corresponding support 205 to move. In this way, the oil cylinder 402 can be used as a power source to provide power for the movement of the rollers 204 and the support 205, and there is a time difference in this power supply method, so as to achieve the purpose that the rollers 204 move first and the support 205 moves later. In order to achieve the above purpose, only the elastic body 405 needs to be used in this case, and its structure is simple and the functionality is strong;

[0071] It should be noted here that the number of the oil cylinders 402 and their supporting structures is not limited and can be set and assembled according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated here; The elastic body 405 can specifically adopt at least one of elastic structures such as springs, elastic sheets, and leaf springs;

[0072] An oil supply and drainage circuit 406 can be assembled on the disk body 201 to provide power for the telescopic movement of the oil cylinder 402. The structure of the specific oil supply and drainage circuit 406 can adopt a conventional structure.

[0073] Such as Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the power unit 400 further includes a transmission ring 407 and a power motor 408 disposed within the disk body 201. A first transmission wheel 409 engaged with the transmission ring 407 is provided at the output end of the power motor 408. A second transmission wheel 410 engaged with the transmission ring 407 is provided on each pipe body 209. The transmission ring 407 rotates within the disk body 201. By using the power motor 408 and the first transmission wheel 409, the transmission ring 407 can be driven to rotate, and then a plurality of second transmission wheels 410 can be driven to rotate through the transmission ring 407, so as to provide rotational power for each roller body 204, and thus the main shaft 100 can perform a rotational motion.

[0074] In the above embodiment, since the moving seat 203 and the roller body 204 can only move in a specified direction, the gap position between two adjacent pressing groups is fixed. However, in actual production, the cutting tool processing position can be moved. Therefore, to adapt to production, the gap position also needs to be set in an adjustable form, specifically as Figure 1 As shown, a frame 500 for supporting the disk body 201 is provided outside the disk body 201. The disk body 201 is relatively fixed on the machine tool through the frame 500. The disk body 201 rotates on the frame 500. A main motor 501 and a power wheel 502 for providing power for the rotation of the disk body 201 are provided on the frame 500. Specifically, the main motor 501 can be installed on the frame 500, and the power wheel 502 is installed at the output end of the main motor 501. The power wheel 502 is in transmission connection with the outer wall of the main motor 501. Of course, this transmission method can adopt transmission methods such as belts and gears. In this way, when the main motor 501 and the power wheel 502 drive the disk body 201 to rotate, the gap position between two adjacent pressing groups can be adjusted.

[0075] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine tool structure with an avoidance-type fixed main shaft, characterized in that, Installed on the machine tool to fix the main shaft, including: A fixing unit that clamps one end of the main shaft, including a disc body and a number of pressing groups. The number of pressing groups is distributed around the axis of the disc body on the end face of the disc body. The number of pressing groups can approach or separate from each other. Each pressing group includes a number of rollers. The rollers squeeze and fix the main shaft, and at least in a partial interval where the rollers move, the rollers rotate and drive the main shaft to rotate self - sufficiently; A lifting unit that lifts the other end of the main shaft; A power unit that provides power for the movement of the rollers; Among them, the disc body and the lifting unit are both relatively fixed on the machine tool, and the power unit is arranged on the disc body; The pressing group moves along the radial direction of the end face of the disc body; The pressing group further includes a side - pressing part that positions the main shaft in its own axis direction; The side - pressing part includes two support bodies, and a number of rolling bodies in contact with the main shaft are arranged on the support bodies; The pressing group further includes a moving seat; One of the support bodies in the side - pressing part is fixed on the corresponding moving seat, and the other support body moves along the vertical connection line direction between the two support bodies and limits the position of the main shaft in its own axis direction; A number of tubes are inserted through one of the support bodies fixed on the moving seat in the side - pressing part. Each roller is correspondingly fixed at the end of the tube. The power unit drives the roller to rotate through the tube. A pull column is slidably inserted through each tube. The pull column passes through the corresponding roller and is fixed on the other support body. The power unit drives the corresponding support body to move through the pull column.

2. The machine tool structure of an avoidance-type fixed main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of pressing groups is at least three, and the coverage range in the circumferential direction of the disc body is greater than a semi - circle. The number of rollers in each pressing group is at least two, and the axes of the rollers are parallel to each other.

3. The machine tool structure of an avoidance-type fixed main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the rolling body is frustum - shaped. When the roller is in the working position, the tip of the cone where the rolling body is located coincides with the axis of the disc body.

4. The machine tool structure of an avoidance type fixed main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disc body is hollow; The power unit includes a moving ring that slides inside the disc body and an oil cylinder that is inside the disc body and provides power for the movement of the moving ring. The moving ring is in transmission connection with each moving seat. When the moving ring moves, a number of moving seats approach or separate from each other; The moving ring is coaxial with the disc body, and the moving ring moves along its own axis direction. The end face of the moving ring facing the moving seat is set as a conical surface, and the end face of the moving seat facing the moving ring is set as a slope surface that is used in cooperation with the conical surface of the moving ring.

5. The machine tool structure with an avoidance-type fixed main shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power unit further includes a pull ring that is inside the moving ring and is connected to each pull column. The pull ring is connected to the fixed end of each oil cylinder through a connecting frame. The fixed end of the oil cylinder is elastically connected to the disc body through an elastic body. The elastic body provides an elastic supporting force for the oil cylinder. The connecting frame is slidably arranged inside the disc body.

6. The machine tool structure with an avoidance-type fixed main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that A frame for supporting the disk body is provided on the outer side of the disk body. The disk body is relatively fixed on the machine tool through the frame, and the disk body rotates on the frame. A main motor and a power wheel for providing power for the rotation of the disk body are provided on the frame.

Images