External wall panel structure of green building

Abstract

The invention discloses an external wall panel structure of a green building, and relates to the technical field of external wall construction. An external wall panel structure of a green building comprises a base layer, a mortar leveling layer, a waterproof layer, a heat preservation layer and a fireproof layer which are sequentially arranged, the base layer and the mortar leveling layer are arranged in an overlapped mode, the mortar leveling layer and the waterproof layer are arranged in an overlapped mode, and the heat preservation layer and the fireproof layer are arranged in an overlapped mode; a gap is reserved between the waterproof layer and the heat preservation layer, an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are formed in the end, away from the mortar leveling layer, of the base layer, the air inlet channel is lower than the air outlet channel, and the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel both penetrate into the gap. According to the invention, moisture is difficult to accumulate in the wall body for a long time, and the quality problem of the wall body can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of exterior wall construction, and in particular to an exterior wall panel structure of a green building. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the development of society, people have higher and higher requirements for living environment and pay more and more attention to living comfort. For this reason, the concept of green building has been proposed, which aims to maximize energy saving, protect the environment and reduce pollution throughout the life cycle of the building. Among them, setting up insulation structure in the wall is a common measure to achieve energy saving.

[0003] An exterior wall structure is currently disclosed, which includes an outer layer and an inner layer. The outer layer is attached to the inner layer. The outer layer usually has a certain waterproof performance, and the inner layer is usually composed of a base layer, a mortar leveling layer, an insulation layer and a fireproof layer. The fireproof layer is usually a magnesium oxide board, and the insulation layer is usually a polyurethane board.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related solutions, there are the following defects: the outer layer of the wall may form gaps due to the rotation of seasons. When the wall is exposed to wind and rain, the moisture brought by the precipitation may enter the wall through the gaps and come into contact with the insulation layer made of polyurethane boards. Over time, the accumulated moisture will not only reduce the thermal insulation performance of the insulation layer, but also cause the polyurethane boards that are more sensitive to humidity to mold, and the wall will have quality problems such as mold, blackening and cracking. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to prevent moisture from accumulating in the wall for a long time and causing problems with the wall quality, the present application provides an exterior wall panel structure of a green building.

[0006] The exterior wall panel structure of a green building provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A green building exterior wall panel structure comprises a base layer, a mortar leveling layer, a waterproof layer, a thermal insulation layer and a fireproof layer which are arranged in sequence, wherein the base layer and the mortar leveling layer, the mortar leveling layer and the waterproof layer, and the thermal insulation layer and the fireproof layer are all arranged in a stacked manner; a gap is formed between the waterproof layer and the thermal insulation layer, an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are opened at one end of the base layer away from the mortar leveling layer, the air inlet channel is lower than the air outlet channel, and the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel both pass through the gap.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, on rainy days, the moisture carried by the rain will pass through the base layer, the mortar leveling layer and the waterproof layer and enter the gap and accumulate. Later, when the weather is clear, due to the chimney effect, fresh cold air will enter from the air inlet channel at a lower position, and then the fresh cold air will flow into the gap to take away the moisture and finally flow out from the air outlet channel. Under this effect, the gap will be in a dry state, and the moisture cannot accumulate in the wall for a long time. The present application can prevent problems with the wall quality.

[0008] Preferably, the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are gradually downward from the fireproof layer to the base layer.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when a large amount of moisture accumulates in the gap, small water droplets may gradually form at one end of the waterproof layer close to the gap. Since the air inlet channel is inclined downward from the fireproof layer to the base layer, the small water droplets will flow down along the wall of the waterproof layer and finally flow out along the wall of the air inlet channel. The air outlet channel inclined downward from the fireproof layer to the base layer can prevent external rainwater from entering the gap through the air outlet channel.

[0010] Preferably, a waterproof and breathable cloth is provided on the layer of the thermal insulation layer close to the base layer.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, due to the presence of the waterproof and breathable fabric, small water droplets that may appear in the gap due to the temperature difference between the inside and the outside will be blocked and difficult to contact the thermal insulation layer, thereby preventing the thermal insulation layer from having problems such as reduced thermal insulation performance after absorbing water. In addition, the waterproof and breathable fabric can also allow the moisture in the thermal insulation layer to be discharged into the gap.

[0012] Preferably, the thermal insulation layer is a polyurethane thermal insulation board, and the waterproof and breathable cloth is bonded to the thermal insulation layer.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the bonded waterproof and breathable cloth is not only easy to disassemble but also easy to install, and can facilitate the waterproof and breathable cloth to fully cover the thermal insulation layer.

[0014] Preferably, a clamping groove is formed at one end of the thermal insulation layer close to the fireproof layer, and a clamping block is provided at one end of the fireproof layer close to the base layer, and the clamping block is clamped in the clamping groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping mode between the thermal insulation layer and the fireproof layer makes them easy to assemble and disassemble, and this clamping assembly reduces the generation of construction waste.

[0016] Preferably, a waterproof board is provided at the top of the thermal insulation layer, and the waterproof board extends to the upper end of the waterproof layer, and the waterproof board shields the gap.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the waterproof board can prevent external water from entering the gap.

[0018] Preferably, the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are both tubular, an air inlet pipe is provided at one end of the air inlet channel away from the thermal insulation layer, and an air outlet pipe is provided at one end of the air outlet channel away from the thermal insulation layer.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, an external hair dryer can also be used to blow air into the air inlet pipe, and the gas is then discharged from the air outlet pipe through the gap and takes away the humid vapor. This active blowing method can manually dehumidify.

[0020] Preferably, filters are provided in both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the filter element can prevent dirt from entering the gap from the air inlet duct or entering the gap from the air outlet duct.

[0022] Preferably, a light-blocking layer is further provided on the end surface of the base layer away from the fireproof layer, and the light-blocking layer is used to block ultraviolet rays.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the light-blocking layer can block the transmission of ultraviolet rays.

[0024] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. On rainy days, the moisture carried by the rainwater will penetrate the base layer, mortar leveling layer and waterproof layer and enter the gap and accumulate. Later, when the weather is clear, due to the chimney effect, fresh cold air will enter from the lower air inlet channel, and then the fresh cold air will flow into the gap to take away the moisture and finally flow out from the air outlet channel. Under this effect, the gap will be in a dry state, and the moisture cannot accumulate in the wall for a long time. This application can prevent problems with the wall quality; 2. When a large amount of moisture accumulates in the gap, small water droplets may gradually form on one end of the waterproof layer close to the gap. Since the air inlet channel is inclined downward from the fireproof layer to the base layer, the small water droplets will flow down along the wall of the waterproof layer and eventually flow out along the wall of the air inlet channel. At the same time, the small water droplets will be blocked and difficult to contact the thermal insulation layer, which prevents problems with the thermal insulation layer, such as a decrease in thermal insulation performance after absorbing water.

[0025] 3. The present application can also use an external hair dryer to blow air into the air inlet duct, and the gas is then discharged through the gap to the air outlet duct and can also take away the moisture. This active blowing method can manually dehumidify the gap. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exterior wall panel structure of a green building in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1A magnified view of part A; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of part B.

[0027] Markings in the attached drawings: 1. base layer; 11. air inlet channel; 111. air inlet duct; 12. air outlet channel; 121. air outlet duct; 12. light-blocking layer; 2. mortar leveling layer; 3. waterproof layer; 4. waterproof and breathable cloth; 5. thermal insulation layer; 51. snap-in groove; 6. fireproof layer; 61. snap-in block; 7. gap; 8. waterproof board; 9. filter element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] The embodiment of the present application discloses an exterior wall panel structure of a green building, which is used to prevent moisture brought by rain from accumulating in the wall.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 A green building exterior wall panel structure includes a base layer 1, a mortar leveling layer 2, a waterproof layer 3, a waterproof and breathable cloth 4, a thermal insulation layer 5 and a fireproof layer 6 arranged from right to left in sequence. The base layer 1 and the mortar leveling layer 2, the mortar leveling layer 2 and the waterproof layer 3, the waterproof layer 3 and the waterproof and breathable cloth 4, and the thermal insulation layer 5 and the fireproof layer 6 are all stacked. The base layer 1 faces the outside, and the fireproof layer 6 faces the inside. A gap 7 is formed between the waterproof and breathable cloth 4 and the thermal insulation layer 5. An air inlet channel 11 and an air outlet channel 12 are opened at the right end of the base layer 1. The air inlet channel 11 is lower than the air outlet channel 12. The air inlet channel 11 and the air outlet channel 12 are both connected to the left into the gap 7.

[0032] When rain falls on a rainy day, part of the rain will adhere to the right end of the base layer 1, and the moisture brought by the rain will pass through the base layer 1, the mortar leveling layer 2 and the waterproof layer 3 and enter the gap 7 and accumulate; when the weather is clear, fresh cold air will enter from the air inlet channel 11 at a lower position, and then the fresh cold air will flow into the gap 7 to take away the moisture and finally flow out from the air outlet channel 12. Under this action, the moisture will be slowly taken out, and after a period of time, the gap 7 will be in a dry state.

[0033] In order to ensure that the air enters smoothly from the air inlet channel 11 and then flows out from the air outlet channel 12 through the gap 7, it is necessary to make the above-mentioned gas flow form a chimney effect. In order to ensure that the chimney effect can be formed, there needs to be a certain distance in height between the air inlet channel 11 and the air outlet channel 12. Preferably, in the present application, the projections of the air inlet channel 11 and the air outlet channel 12 on the plumb line coincide. Under the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, the above-mentioned structure can ensure the formation of a breeze under the action of the natural air pressure difference.

[0034] In addition, the height distance between the air inlet channel 11 and the air outlet channel 12 can affect the flow speed of air in the gap 7. The greater the height difference between the air inlet channel 11 and the air outlet channel 12, under the same conditions, the faster the air flow rate is, and the more efficient the moisture vapor is taken away.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 When a large amount of moisture accumulates in the gap 7 or the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, condensation may form small water droplets in the gap 7. These small water droplets will adhere to the waterproof layer 3 or the waterproof and breathable cloth 4 and gradually flow down. In order to prevent the above-mentioned small water droplets from accumulating in the gap 7, the air inlet channel 11 and the air outlet channel 12 are gradually downward from left to right.

[0036] The small water droplets attached to the waterproof layer 3 or the waterproof breathable fabric 4 will flow downward and eventually flow out along the wall of the air inlet channel 11. The air outlet channel 12 tilted downward from left to right can prevent external rainwater attached to the right end of the base layer 1 from entering the gap 7 through the air outlet channel 12.

[0037] In addition, in the present application, the waterproof and breathable fabric 4 can prevent small water drops from contacting the thermal insulation layer 5, thereby preventing problems with the thermal insulation layer 5, such as a decrease in thermal insulation performance after the thermal insulation layer 5 absorbs water. In addition, the waterproof and breathable fabric 4 can also allow the moisture in the thermal insulation layer 5 to be discharged into the gap 7.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 In order to further prevent small water droplets from accumulating in the gap 7, a waterproof board 8 is provided on the top of the thermal insulation layer 5. The waterproof board 8 extends to the upper end of the waterproof layer 3 and is U-shaped. The waterproof board 8 covers the gap 7. In order to ensure the waterproof performance of the waterproof board 8, the waterproof board 8 can be nailed to the top of the waterproof layer 3 and the thermal insulation layer 5 with waterproof nails, and then sealed with sealing materials, and finally smeared with mortar at 45 degrees for protection.

[0039] Reference Figure 1In this application, the base layer 1 refers to the foundation layer used to support and fix the mortar leveling layer 2, the waterproof layer 3, the waterproof and breathable cloth 4, the thermal insulation layer 5 and the fireproof layer 6. Since the base layer 1 bears all the loads during the decoration of this application, and also needs to withstand the influence of the external natural environment such as wind pressure, temperature difference, humidity, etc., the quality of the base layer 1 needs to be guaranteed. Preferably, the base layer 1 material can be bricks, concrete and gypsum board, among which bricks are a traditional building material, which can be directly used as a wall base after masonry, painting and other treatments; concrete is a relatively new building material, which can be cast into a wall base or used as a wall base after wall hanging treatment; gypsum board is a lightweight and environmentally friendly building material, which can be used as an interior wall base. Different base layer 1 materials can be selected according to different application scenarios.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 The waterproof layer 3 is preferably a waterproof curtain wall. The waterproof curtain wall mainly blocks rainwater from penetrating from right to left. At the same time, the waterproof curtain wall also has the functions of earthquake resistance, air penetration resistance, fire prevention, sound absorption, lightning protection and wind pressure resistance. It is usually composed of materials such as aluminum alloy, glass and stone. Its specific structure is the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 The insulation layer 5 is a polyurethane insulation board, which has moisture-proof and waterproof functions. Since the closed-pore rate of the polyurethane insulation board is above 90%, it can minimize the possibility of a decrease in insulation performance due to its own contact with water. In addition, the polyurethane insulation board is fireproof, flame retardant, and high temperature resistant. It is a flame-retardant self-extinguishing material with a light texture.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 The waterproof and breathable cloth 4 is bonded to the insulation layer 5. Specifically, during decoration, cement mortar can be directly applied to the surface of the polyurethane insulation board to paste the waterproof and breathable cloth 4. However, it should be noted that after applying cement mortar on the polyurethane waterproof surface, it is necessary to perform a roughening treatment to increase its roughness to ensure the adhesion of the waterproof and breathable cloth 4.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 The end of the thermal insulation layer 5 close to the fireproof layer 6 is provided with a U-shaped clamping groove 51, and the end of the fireproof layer 6 close to the base layer 1 is provided with a U-shaped clamping block 61, and the clamping block 61 is clamped in the clamping groove 51. The clamping mode between the thermal insulation layer 5 and the fireproof layer 6 makes it easy to assemble and disassemble the two, and this clamping assembly reduces the generation of construction waste.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3The air inlet channel 11 and the air outlet channel 12 are both tubular, and an air inlet pipe 111 is provided at one end of the air inlet channel 11 away from the thermal insulation layer 5, and an air outlet pipe 121 is provided at one end of the air outlet channel 12 away from the thermal insulation layer 5. A filter 9 is provided in each of the air inlet pipe 111 and the air outlet pipe 121, and the filter 9 can be preferably a filter net, and it is only necessary to ensure that the filter 9 does not affect the air entering through the air inlet pipe 111 and the water flowing out through the air inlet pipe 111.

[0045] In addition, an external hair dryer can also be used to blow air into the air inlet pipe 111, and the gas can then be discharged from the air outlet pipe 121 through the gap 7 and take away the moisture. This active blowing method can manually dehumidify, and the dehumidification efficiency is mainly related to the flow rate and temperature of the blown gas.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 A light-blocking layer 12 is also provided on the end surface of the base layer 1 away from the fireproof layer 6. The light-blocking layer 12 is used to block ultraviolet rays. The light-blocking layer 12 is composed of a metal decorative plate and a TPO film layer provided on the decorative plate. TPO is a thermoplastic polyolefin material with the comprehensive characteristics of high tensile strength, good wear resistance, strong ultraviolet resistance, smooth surface, high reflectivity and pollution resistance. In this embodiment, the TPO film layer is uniformly adhered to the end surface of the decorative plate by heating the decorative plate to complete the installation.

[0047] The implementation principle of the exterior wall panel structure of a green building in the embodiment of the present application is: after moisture vapor accumulates in the gap 7, when the weather is clear, fresh cold air will enter from the air inlet pipe 111 at a lower position, and then the fresh cold air will flow into the gap 7 to take away the moisture vapor and finally flow out from the air outlet pipe 121.

[0048] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An exterior wall panel structure of a green building, characterized by: The invention comprises a base layer (1), a mortar leveling layer (2), a waterproof layer (3), a thermal insulation layer (5) and a fireproof layer (6) which are arranged in sequence, wherein the base layer (1) and the mortar leveling layer (2), the mortar leveling layer (2) and the waterproof layer (3), and the thermal insulation layer (5) and the fireproof layer (6) are all arranged in a stacked manner; a gap (7) is formed between the waterproof layer (3) and the thermal insulation layer (5); an air inlet channel (11) and an air outlet channel (12) are formed at one end of the base layer (1) away from the mortar leveling layer (2); the air inlet channel (11) is lower than the air outlet channel (12); and the air inlet channel (11) and the air outlet channel (12) are both connected to the gap (7).

2. The exterior wall panel structure of a green building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet channel (11) and the air outlet channel (12) are both gradually downward from the fireproof layer (6) to the base layer (1).

3. The exterior wall panel structure of a green building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof and breathable cloth (4) is provided on the layer of the thermal insulation layer (5) close to the base layer (1).

4. The exterior wall panel structure of a green building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer (5) is a polyurethane thermal insulation board, and the waterproof and breathable cloth (4) is bonded to the thermal insulation layer (5).

5. The exterior wall panel structure of a green building according to claim 4, characterized in that: A clamping groove (51) is formed at one end of the thermal insulation layer (5) close to the fireproof layer (6), and a clamping block (61) is formed at one end of the fireproof layer (6) close to the base layer (1), and the clamping block (61) is clamped in the clamping groove (51).

6. The exterior wall panel structure of a green building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof board (8) is provided at the top of the thermal insulation layer (5), and the waterproof board (8) extends to the upper end of the waterproof layer (3), and the waterproof board (8) shields the gap (7).

7. The exterior wall panel structure of a green building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet channel (11) and the air outlet channel (12) are both tubular; an air inlet pipe (111) is provided at one end of the air inlet channel (11) away from the thermal insulation layer (5); and an air outlet pipe (121) is provided at one end of the air outlet channel (12) away from the thermal insulation layer (5).

8. The exterior wall panel structure of a green building according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (111) and the air outlet pipe (121) are both provided with filter elements (9).

9. The exterior wall panel structure of a green building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A light-blocking layer (12) is also provided on the end surface of the base layer (1) away from the fireproof layer (6), and the light-blocking layer (12) is used to block ultraviolet rays.

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