Cutter head structure of shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield tunneling machine cutterhead structure, and relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machine cutterheads, the shield tunneling machine cutterhead structure comprises an annular frame and a cutter rest, a plurality of rotary hobs are distributed on the cutter rest at equal intervals, and the shield tunneling machine cutterhead structure further comprises a rotation detection control switch mechanism and a cutter clamping processing mechanism; the multiple sets of rotation detection control switch mechanisms are correspondingly connected with the rotating hobs in a matched mode, and each set of rotation detection control switch mechanism comprises an inductor used for detecting whether the rotating hobs are static or not. And the cutter clamping treatment mechanism comprises a driving mechanism and an impact crushing mechanism. When the rotary hobbing cutter on the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is clamped by rock soil, the inductor generates induction feedback, then the hydraulic telescopic rod is controlled to operate, and the hydraulic telescopic rod drives the correspondingly arranged impact rod to crush the rock soil possibly clamped in a gap between the rotary hobbing cutter and the corresponding penetrating opening position; the clamping state can be automatically detected, and rock soil possibly existing in the corresponding position can be crushed and cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield machine cutter heads, and in particular to a shield machine cutter head structure. Background Art

[0002] The shield machine, full name of which is shield tunnel boring machine, is a special engineering machine for tunnel excavation using the shield method. Its forward end is equipped with a cutting system, which consists of a cutter and a tunneling shield. The cutter is responsible for cutting underground rocks and soil, while the tunneling shield supports and protects the cutting head.

[0003] The existing shield machine cutter is mainly a disc structure, which can rotate during the excavation process. There are multiple sets of fixed cutting knives distributed circumferentially on the disc cutter, as well as rollers that can rotate by the friction between the cutter and the rock and soil during the rotation of the cutter. The cutting knives and rollers work together to crush the rock and soil.

[0004] The disadvantages of the existing shield machine cutters are that although the rollers provided in the existing shield machine cutters do not require additional power to drive the rotation, they can be driven to rotate by the friction force generated during the rotation of the disc cutter to crush the rock and soil. However, there are generally many installation ports distributed on the tool holder on which the rollers are installed. The installation ports are connected to the inside of the shield machine, which is convenient for directly disassembling the rollers inside the shield machine when the rollers need to be replaced during operation, and the installation ports are also convenient for exposing the blades of the rollers. However, due to installation requirements, a certain gap will inevitably exist between the rollers and the installation ports. During the excavation process, some rock and soil can easily enter these gaps, causing the rollers to get stuck. Once the rollers get stuck, they cannot rotate relative to the cutter disc itself under the action of friction, and can only rub directly along the rock and soil layer as the cutter disc rotates, which is easy to be excessively worn and shortens the service life. The existing cutter disc cannot effectively detect and feedback the stuck rollers in a timely manner, and perform auxiliary processing, resulting in poor use effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine cutter head structure to solve the technical problem in the prior art that once the roller cutter on the shield machine cutter head gets stuck, it is difficult to detect, feedback and handle, which easily leads to excessive wear of the roller cutter and shortened service life.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A shield machine cutterhead structure, comprising an annular frame and a cutter holder, wherein a plurality of the cutter holders are provided and circumferentially fixedly distributed on the inner ring of the annular frame, and a plurality of rotating rollers are equidistantly distributed on each of the cutter holders, and further comprising: Rotation detection control switch mechanism; the rotation detection control switch mechanism is provided in multiple groups and is correspondingly connected with the rotating hob, and each group of the rotation detection control switch mechanism includes a sensor for detecting whether the rotating hob is stationary; The knife clamping processing mechanism includes a driving mechanism and an impact crushing mechanism. The driving mechanism is electrically connected to the sensor. The impact crushing mechanism is cooperatively arranged between the knife holder and the rotating roller. The driving mechanism is used to drive the impact crushing mechanism to reciprocate. The impact crushing mechanism crushes the stones stuck between the knife holder and the rotating roller.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: a plurality of knife grooves are equidistantly provided on the back of the knife holder, and the rotating hobs are correspondingly arranged in the knife grooves; a plurality of through-holes correspondingly connected to the knife grooves are equidistantly provided on the front of the knife holder, and the blades of the rotating hobs pass through the through-holes; both sides of each rotating hob are coaxially fixedly connected with a knife shaft; annular grooves are provided on the inner walls on both sides of each knife groove, and the knife shaft is correspondingly rotatably connected in the annular groove; and a rotation detection control switch mechanism cooperating with the knife shaft is provided in each annular groove.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: each group of the rotation detection control switch mechanism also includes an extrusion cross bar and a rebound plate, the extrusion cross bar is fixedly connected to the knife shaft, and two of the rebound plates and sensors are provided, the two rebound plates are distributed on both sides of the knife shaft, and both are connected to the bottom surface of the annular groove with a rebound damping hinge, the two sensors are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife shaft, and the sensors are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, each of the sensors is a pressure sensing switch, and the sensing end of the sensor corresponds to the rebound plate.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: each of the rotary roller cutters is provided with mounting grooves on both upper and lower sides of the knife groove, and a group of driving mechanisms are installed inside each of the knife grooves, and the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic telescopic rod and a lifting push plate, and the hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting groove, and the hydraulic telescopic rod is electrically connected to the corresponding sensor, and each of the through-openings is provided with connecting ports corresponding to the mounting grooves on both upper and lower sides, and a connecting piece is connected between one end of the lifting push plate and the corresponding telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod, and the other end passes through the connecting port, and the impact and crushing mechanism is arranged on the lifting push plate.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the impact crushing mechanism includes an impact rod, and there are multiple impact rods, which are laterally equidistantly distributed on the inner side of the lifting push plate, each of the impact rods is rotatably connected to the lifting push plate, and each of the impact rods is provided with an auxiliary cleaning part near the bottom.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: one end of each impact rod close to the rotating hob is fixedly connected with a cone head.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the connecting part includes a cross plate, a ball screw and a screw sleeve, the cross plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod, a support spring is connected between the cross plate and the lifting push plate, a plurality of ball screws are provided, and they are coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the impact rod, a plurality of screw sleeves are provided, and they are correspondingly matched and connected to the ball screw, and each of the screw sleeves is also fixedly connected to the cross plate, and a limiting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting push plate close to the bottom.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: each of the ball screw and the corresponding impact rod is a hollow structure, and the two are interconnected, and the auxiliary cleaning part includes a limiting steel wire and a rotating outward expansion mechanism; there are multiple limiting steel wires, one end of each limiting steel wire is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting groove away from the corresponding rotating hob, and the other end passes through the ball screw and penetrates into the interior of the impact rod; each impact rod is provided with a set of the rotating outward expansion mechanism at one end close to the rotating hob, and the rotating outward expansion mechanism is cooperatively connected with the other end of the corresponding limiting steel wire.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the rotating outward expansion mechanism includes a rotating plate, a mounting opening and a linkage rod. Each of the impact rods is provided with mounting openings on both sides of one end close to the rotating hob. The rotating plates are provided with two pieces, and are respectively arranged in the mounting openings. The side of each rotating plate away from the rotating hob is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting opening. The side of each rotating plate close to the inside of the impact rod is movably connected to the linkage rod through a rebound hinge. The linkage rods on both sides are movably connected with linkage blocks through rebound hinges. A movable connecting piece is provided on the linkage block, and the linkage block is connected to the limiting steel wire through the movable connecting piece.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the movable connecting piece includes a spherical shell and a universal ball, the spherical shell is fixedly connected to the linkage block, the universal ball is movably embedded in the spherical shell, and the universal ball is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting steel wire.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. When the rotating rollers distributed on the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention rotate as the cutter head runs, the extrusion cross bar provided on the cutter shaft connected thereto continuously squeezes the rebound plate provided thereon, so that the rebound plate cannot be completely reset during the rotation of the rotating rollers. When the rotating rollers are stuck due to rock and soil, the extrusion cross bar cannot act on the rebound plate. The rebound plate resets at this time and can act on the sensor, thereby generating inductive feedback. The hydraulic telescopic rod is then controlled to operate, and the corresponding impact rod is driven by the hydraulic telescopic rod to crush the rock and soil that may be stuck in the gap between the rotating roller and the corresponding penetration position, thereby realizing automatic detection of the stuck state and crushing and cleaning of the rock and soil that may exist at the corresponding position, thereby facilitating the release of the stuck state and avoiding long-term direct wear of the stuck rotating roller and shortening its service life.

[0017] 2. The telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod of the present invention relies on the lifting push plate to drive the distributed impact rods to impact the rock and soil stuck between the rotating roller and the corresponding penetration position. After the impact, the impact rod stays at the corresponding position. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic rod still maintains a moving state, driving the connected cross plate to compress the supporting spring, thereby driving the distributed screw sleeve to move relative to the ball screw. Since the ball screw is coaxially connected to the impact rod, the ball screw drives the impact rod to rotate, so that the impact rod can rotate while impacting the stuck rock and soil, thereby improving the crushing effect.

[0018] 3. In the process of the impact rod of the present invention impacting the gap between the rotating roller cutter and the corresponding penetration position, the limit steel wire is straightened, and when the end of the impact rod is exposed from the connecting port, the existence of the straightened limit steel wire facilitates the pulling of the linkage block arranged on the inner side of the end of the impact rod to cause relative movement, and the linkage block opens the rotating plate received in the installation port through the linkage rods on both sides, so that the rotating plate expands on both sides of the impact rod. Since the impact rod itself rotates, the unfolded rotating plate rotates accordingly, so as to facilitate the pushing and scraping of the broken rock and soil in the gap, further realize the cleaning of the stuck rock and soil, and facilitate the rapid resumption of use of the rotating roller cutter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the back side of the tool holder in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the relative position distribution of the rotating hob and the mounting groove in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the rotary hob and the tool holder in the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the relative position distribution of the extrusion cross bar, the sensor and the rebound plate in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic telescopic rod and the lifting push plate in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collision rod and the lifting push plate in the present invention; Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the state in which the hydraulic telescopic rod drives the impact rod to impact between the hole and the rotating hob in the present invention; Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0021] In the figure: 1. annular frame; 2. tool holder; 3. cutting knife; 4. rotating hob; 5. hole; 6. coolant injection assembly; 7. main drill bit; 8. mounting groove; 9. tool groove; 10. hydraulic telescopic rod; 11. lifting push plate; 12. cone head; 13. cross plate; 14. support spring; 15. limit plate; 16. connecting port; 17. annular groove; 18. tool shaft; 19. rebound plate; 20. sensor; 21. extrusion cross bar; 22. rebound damping hinge; 23. limit wire; 24. ball screw; 25. screw sleeve; 26. impact rod; 27. mounting port; 28. rotating plate; 29. ​​linkage rod; 30. linkage block; 31. ball shell; 32. universal ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 11As shown, a shield machine cutter head structure comprises an annular frame 1 and a cutter holder 2. The annular frame 1 is used to be installed at the forward end of the shield machine. A main drill bit 7 is fixedly arranged in the middle position of the annular frame 1 to facilitate the shield machine to dig and advance. A connecting shaft for connecting to the main bearing of the shield machine is arranged on the back of the main drill bit 7. A plurality of cutter holders 2 are arranged and circumferentially fixedly distributed on the inner ring of the annular frame 1. A mud discharge port is arranged between two adjacent cutter holders 2 to facilitate the mud and stone in the excavation process to pass through into the shield machine and then be transported and discharged. A coolant spray assembly 6 is also arranged between two adjacent cutter holders 2. The coolant spray assembly 6 is used to cool the rotating excavation cutter head. A plurality of cutting knives 3 are evenly distributed on both sides of each tool holder 2, and a plurality of rotating roller cutters 4 are evenly distributed on each tool holder 2. The rotating roller cutters 4 rotate by friction during the rotary excavation process of the cutter head, so as to cut and crush the rock and soil. The cutter head mechanism also includes a rotation detection control switch mechanism and a knife jamming processing mechanism. The rotation detection control switch mechanism is provided with multiple groups, and is correspondingly connected with the rotating roller cutters 4. Each group of the rotation detection control switch mechanism includes a sensor 20 for detecting whether the rotating roller cutter 4 is stationary. If it is detected that the rotating roller cutter 4 cannot rotate relative to the tool holder 2 during the use of the cutter head, it indicates that the rotating roller cutter 4 is jammed. The tool-jamming processing mechanism includes a driving mechanism and an impact crushing mechanism. The driving mechanism is electrically connected to the sensor 20. The impact crushing mechanism is cooperatively arranged between the tool holder 2 and the rotating roller cutter 4. The driving mechanism is used to drive the impact crushing mechanism to reciprocate. The impact crushing mechanism crushes the stones stuck between the tool holder 2 and the rotating roller cutter 4 to eliminate the tool-jamming situation.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, reference Figures 4 to 6 As shown, a plurality of knife grooves 9 are equidistantly provided on the back of the knife holder 2, and the rotating hobs 4 are correspondingly arranged in the knife grooves 9; a plurality of through openings 5 ​​corresponding to and connected to the knife grooves 9 are equidistantly provided on the front of the knife holder 2, and the blades of the rotating hobs 4 pass through the through openings 5, so as to facilitate cutting and crushing operations; a knife shaft 18 is coaxially fixedly connected to both sides of each rotating hob 4, annular grooves 17 are provided on the inner walls on both sides of each knife groove 9, and the knife shaft 18 is correspondingly rotatably connected in the annular groove 17, the inner diameter of the annular groove 17 is much larger than the outer diameter of the knife shaft 18, and a rotation detection control switch mechanism matching the knife shaft 18 is provided in each annular groove 17.

[0025] Among them, each set of rotation detection control switch mechanism also includes an extrusion cross bar 21 and a rebound plate 19. The extrusion cross bar 21 is fixedly connected to the knife shaft 18 and is located in the annular groove 17. There are two rebound plates 19 and two sensors 20. The two rebound plates 19 are distributed on both sides of the knife shaft 18, and are connected to the inner bottom surface of the annular groove 17 with a rebound damping hinge 22. The initial position of the rebound plate 19 is perpendicular to the inner bottom surface of the annular groove 17. It should be noted that the rebound damping hinge 22 is a mechanical hinge with a built-in buffer, which controls the opening and closing of the door through an internal liquid or gas damper. This type of hinge can slow down the speed and reduce the impact force when closing, so that the door panel or cabinet door can be closed smoothly and avoid violent collision; at the same time, after opening to a certain angle, it can automatically rebound and close without manual force; the rebound damping hinge 22 can make the rebound plate 19 have rebound force after deflecting from the initial position, and there is damping during the rebound process, so that the rebound plate 19 rotates and resets more slowly; the two sensors 20 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife shaft 18, that is, they are symmetrically distributed according to the center of the knife shaft 18, and the sensors 20 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 17, each sensor 20 is a pressure sensing switch, and the sensing end of the sensor 20 corresponds to the rebound plate 19.

[0026] It should be noted that when the extrusion cross bar 21 rotates with the knife shaft 18, the extrusion cross bar 21 and the sensor 20 are in a misaligned state, that is, the extrusion cross bar 21 does not hit the sensor 20 during rotation, and the distributed rebound plate 19 is within the rotation trajectory of the extrusion cross bar 21.

[0027] As the cutterhead moves forward with the shield machine and rotates for excavation, the rotary cutters 4 distributed on each tool holder 2 rotate due to friction, and considering the installation and rotation of the rotary cutters 4, there must be a certain gap between the rotary cutters 4 and the through-holes 5. If a small rock or soil is stuck in the small gap between the rotary cutters 4 and the through-holes 5 during the excavation process, the rotary cutters 4 are likely to get stuck. Even if the entire cutterhead continues to rotate, the rotary cutters 4 may crush the rock or soil and rotate again by friction. However, the rotary cutters 4 may get stuck for a long time during this process. During the stuck process, the rotary cutters 4 can only keep rubbing against the rock or soil in contact with the cutterhead, which is likely to cause high damage in a short time. In the technical solution disclosed in the present application, during the rotation of the rotary cutter 4, the connected cutter shaft 18 rotates continuously with the extrusion cross bar 21. The extrusion cross bar 21 continuously squeezes the rebound plates 19 distributed on both sides during the rotation. Whenever the rebound plate 19 is squeezed, it deflects and moves away from the corresponding sensor 20. When the extrusion cross bar 21 completely passes, the rebound plate 19 can slowly rebound by relying on the rebound damping hinge 22. Under normal circumstances, when the rotary cutter 4 rotates by relying on friction during the rotation of the cutter disc, it can drive the extrusion cross bar 21 to be squeezed to the rebound again before the rebound plate 19 resets to contact the sensor 20. The spring plate 19 makes it move away from the sensor 20 again, and this process is repeated. When the rotating hob 4 is stuck in the rock and soil and stops, or it is difficult to rotate and cannot rotate continuously and effectively, it will naturally be unable to drive the extrusion cross bar 21 to squeeze and push the rebound plate 19 in time. It should be noted here that since two rebound plates 19 are provided, the extrusion cross bar 21 cannot stop the other rebound plate 19 even if it stops at the position of one of the rebound plates 19. In this way, one of the rebound plates 19 will inevitably be completely reset and squeezed onto the corresponding sensor 20, and the corresponding sensor 20 will generate induction to enable the drive mechanism to operate.

[0028] In some specific embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper and lower sides of the knife groove 9 corresponding to each rotating hob 4 are provided with mounting grooves 8, and the mounting grooves 8 are specifically opened on the back of the knife holder 2. A group of driving mechanisms are installed inside each knife groove 9, and the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic telescopic rod 10 and a lifting push plate 11. The hydraulic telescopic rod 10 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting groove 8, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 is electrically connected to the corresponding sensor 20. When the sensor 20 on either side of the rotating hob 4 generates induction, the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 distributed in the mounting groove 8 on both sides of the knife groove 9 can be operated, and the sensor 20 feedbacks the signal, and relies on the matching controller to control the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 to continuously perform telescopic movement. The upper and lower sides of each through-hole 5 are provided with a connecting port 16 corresponding to the mounting groove 8. A connecting piece is connected between one end of the lifting push plate 11 and the corresponding telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 10, and the other end passes through the connecting port 16. The impact crushing mechanism is arranged on the lifting push plate 11.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, in combination Figures 7 and 8 As shown, the impact crushing mechanism includes an impact rod 26, and a plurality of impact rods 26 are provided and are laterally equidistantly distributed on the inner side of the lifting push plate 11, and each impact rod 26 is rotatably connected to the lifting push plate 11, that is, the impact rod 26 can rotate inside the lifting push plate 11, but cannot be positionally offset relative to the lifting push plate 11, and each impact rod 26 is provided with an auxiliary cleaning part near the bottom.

[0030] In some other specific embodiments, one end of each impact rod 26 close to the rotating roller cutter 4 is fixedly connected to a cone head 12, and the cone head 12 facilitates the impact rod 26 to crush rocks and soil.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, in combination Figures 7 and 8 As shown, the connecting parts include a cross plate 13, a ball screw 24 and a screw sleeve 25. The cross plate 13 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 through a connecting frame. A compressible support spring 14 is connected between the cross plate 13 and the lifting push plate 11. A plurality of support springs 14 can be provided here according to actual needs. A plurality of ball screws 24 are provided, and are correspondingly coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the impact rod 26. A plurality of screw sleeves 25 are provided, and are correspondingly matched and connected to the ball screw 24, and each screw sleeve 25 is also fixedly connected to the cross plate 13. A side of the lifting push plate 11 close to the bottom is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 15. When the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 drives the cross plate 13 to descend, the cross plate 13 drives the lifting push plate 11 to descend, thereby facilitating the distribution of the impact rods 26 to descend, and the impact rods 26 can be The rock and soil stuck in the gap between the through-opening 5 and the rotating roller cutter 4 are crushed, and when the impact end of the impact rod 26 drops to a position close to the rotating roller cutter 4, the limit plate 15 on the lifting push plate 11 contacts the inner wall of the mounting groove 8, causing the lifting push plate 11 to be unable to continue to descend. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 continues to drive, thereby driving the cross plate 13 to compress the support spring 14, so that the screw sleeve 25 distributed on the cross plate 13 moves relative to the ball screw 24 with the cross plate 13. Since the screw sleeve 25 and the ball screw 24 are arranged in cooperation, the ball screw 24 rotates during the relative movement of the screw sleeve 25, thereby driving the impact rod 26 to rotate, so as to enhance the rock and soil crushing effect of the end cone head 12. It should be noted that the outer wall of the cone head 12 can be set in a spiral shape here.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, reference Figure 8 As shown, each ball screw 24 and the corresponding impact rod 26 are hollow structures, and the two are interconnected. The auxiliary cleaning part includes a limiting steel wire 23 and a rotating outward expansion mechanism; a plurality of limiting steel wires 23 are provided, and one end of each limiting steel wire 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting groove 8 away from the corresponding rotating hob 4, and the other end passes through the ball screw 24 and penetrates into the inside of the impact rod 26. A group of rotating outward expansion mechanisms are provided at one end of each impact rod 26 close to the rotating hob 4, and the rotating outward expansion mechanism is matched and connected with the other end of the corresponding limiting steel wire 23.

[0033] Among them, the rotating outward expansion mechanism includes a rotating plate 28, a mounting opening 27 and a linkage rod 29. Each impact rod 26 is provided with mounting openings 27 on both sides of one end close to the rotating hob 4. There are two rotating plates 28, which are respectively arranged in the mounting openings 27. The side of each rotating plate 28 away from the rotating hob 4 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting opening 27 through a rotating shaft. The side of each rotating plate 28 close to the inside of the impact rod 26 is movably connected to the linkage rod 29 through a rebound hinge. The linkage rods 29 on both sides are movably connected with a linkage block 30 through a rebound hinge. A movable connecting piece is provided on the linkage block 30, and the linkage block 30 is connected to the limiting steel wire 23 through the movable connecting piece.

[0034] The movable connecting part includes a ball shell 31 and a universal ball 32. The ball shell 31 is fixedly connected to the linkage block 30. The universal ball 32 is movably embedded in the ball shell 31 and cannot be separated from the ball shell 31. The universal ball 32 is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting steel wire 23.

[0035] When the lifting push plate 11 is in the initial position, the ends of the distributed impact rods 26 connected to the cone head 12 are all received in the connecting port 16, and at this time, the rotating plates 28 on both sides of the end of each impact rod 26 are received in the corresponding installation port 27, and the correspondingly set limit wires 23 are in a relaxed state. When the lifting push plate 11 brings the impact rod 26 close to the rotating hob 4, the limit wires 23 gradually begin to straighten. After the rotating plates 28 distributed on both sides of the end of the impact rod 26 are separated from the connecting port 16 as the end of the impact rod 26 is separated from the connecting port 16, the limit wires 23 have been completely straightened. At this time, the impact rod 26 continues to descend, and the linkage block 30 set inside the impact rod 26 will be pulled, thereby moving relative to the impact rod 26. , and the rotating plates 28 on both sides are propped open by the linkage rods 29 on both sides, so that the rotating plates 28 on both sides are rotated out from the corresponding installation openings 27, so that during the rotation of the impact rod 26, the rotating plates 28 on both sides rotate accordingly, so as to facilitate pushing away the surrounding broken rock and soil, and facilitate the rapid scraping out of the broken rock and soil that is impacted and crushed by the impact rod 26 but is still in the gap between the rotating roller 4 and the through-hole 5, so as to achieve rock and soil crushing and removal, and facilitate the effective release of the stuck state of the rotating roller 4, and during the rotation of the impact rod 26, since the end of the limiting steel wire 23 relies on the universal ball 32 to rotate relative to the ball shell 31 fixed on the linkage block 30, the motion interference between the limiting steel wire 23 and the impact rod 26 can be avoided.

[0036] In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of this solution by those skilled in the art, the working principle of this solution is briefly described in combination with specific application scenarios: During the excavation process of the rotating cutterhead driven by the shield machine, the rotating cutter 4 rotates by friction to achieve cutting and crushing of the rock and soil, and during the rotation of the rotating cutter 4, the connected cutter shaft 18 rotates continuously with the extrusion cross bar 21, and the extrusion cross bar 21 continuously squeezes the rebound plates 19 distributed on both sides during the rotation process. Whenever the rebound plate 19 is squeezed, it will deflect and move away from the corresponding sensor 20. When the extrusion cross bar 21 completely passes, the rebound plate 19 can slowly rebound by relying on the rebound damping hinge 22. Under normal circumstances, the rotating cutter 4 rotates during the rotation of the cutterhead. When the rotation occurs by relying on friction, the extrusion cross bar 21 can be driven to squeeze the rebound plate 19 again before the rebound plate 19 resets to contact the sensor 20, so that it is away from the sensor 20 again, and this is repeated. When the rotating hob 4 is stuck in rock and soil and stops, or it is difficult to rotate and cannot rotate continuously and effectively, it will naturally be unable to drive the extrusion cross bar 21 to squeeze and push the rebound plate 19 in time. In this way, the rebound plate 19 will be completely reset and squeezed onto the corresponding sensor 20, and the corresponding sensor 20 will generate induction to make the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 of the drive mechanism run and continuously reciprocate and extend.

[0037] When the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 drives the cross plate 13 to descend, the cross plate 13 drives the lifting push plate 11 to descend, thereby facilitating the distribution of the impact rod 26 to descend, and the impact rod 26 can crush the rock and soil stuck in the gap between the through-opening 5 and the rotating roller 4, and when the impact end of the impact rod 26 descends to a position close to the rotating roller 4, the limit plate 15 on the lifting push plate 11 contacts the inner wall of the mounting groove 8, causing the lifting push plate 11 to be unable to continue to descend, and at this time the hydraulic telescopic rod 10 continues to drive, thereby driving the cross plate 13 to compress the support spring 14, so that the screw sleeve 25 distributed on the cross plate 13 moves relative to the ball screw 24 with the cross plate 13. Since the screw sleeve 25 and the ball screw 24 are arranged in cooperation, the ball screw 24 rotates during the relative movement of the screw sleeve 25, thereby driving the impact rod 26 to rotate, so as to enhance the rock and soil crushing effect of the end cone head 12.

[0038] As the lifting push plate 11 approaches the rotating roller 4 with the impact rod 26, the limiting wire 23 gradually begins to straighten. After the rotating plates 28 distributed on both sides of the end of the impact rod 26 are separated from the connecting port 16, the limiting wire 23 has been completely straightened. At this time, the impact rod 26 continues to descend, and the linkage block 30 arranged inside the impact rod 26 will be pulled, thereby moving relative to the impact rod 26, and the rotating plates 28 on both sides are stretched open by the linkage rods 29 on both sides, causing the rotating plates 28 on both sides to rotate out from the corresponding installation ports 27. When the lifting push plate 11 stops due to the action of the limiting plate 15, the impact rod 26 starts to rotate, and the rotating plates 28 on both sides rotate accordingly, so as to facilitate pushing away the surrounding broken rock and soil, and facilitate the quick scraping out of the broken rock and soil that is impacted and crushed by the impact rod 26 but is still in the gap between the rotating roller 4 and the through-hole 5, so as to achieve rock and soil crushing and removal, and facilitate the effective release of the stuck state of the rotating roller 4.

[0039] Several embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield machine cutterhead structure, comprising an annular frame (1) and a cutter holder (2), wherein the cutter holder (2) is provided in plurality and is circumferentially fixedly distributed on the inner ring of the annular frame (1), and each of the cutter holders (2) is provided with a plurality of rotating rollers (4) equidistantly distributed, characterized in that: Also includes: Rotation detection control switch mechanism; the rotation detection control switch mechanism is provided in a plurality of groups and is correspondingly connected with the rotating hob (4), and each group of the rotation detection control switch mechanism comprises a sensor (20) for detecting whether the rotating hob (4) is stationary; A knife clamping processing mechanism, the knife clamping processing mechanism comprising a driving mechanism and an impact crushing mechanism, the driving mechanism being electrically connected to the sensor (20), the impact crushing mechanism being cooperatively arranged between the knife holder (2) and the rotating roller cutter (4), the driving mechanism being used to drive the impact crushing mechanism to reciprocate, the impact crushing mechanism crushing stones clamped between the knife holder (2) and the rotating roller cutter (4).

2. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back of the tool holder (2) is provided with a plurality of knife grooves (9) at equal intervals, the rotating hobs (4) are correspondingly arranged in the knife grooves (9), the front of the tool holder (2) is provided with a plurality of through openings (5) correspondingly connected to the knife grooves (9), and the blades of the rotating hobs (4) pass through the through openings (5), both sides of each rotating hob (4) are coaxially fixedly connected to a knife shaft (18), both sides of the inner wall of each knife groove (9) are provided with annular grooves (17), and the knife shaft (18) is correspondingly rotatably connected in the annular grooves (17), and each annular groove (17) is provided with a rotation detection control switch mechanism matched with the knife shaft (18).

3. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each group of the rotation detection control switch mechanisms further comprises an extrusion cross bar (21) and a rebound plate (19), wherein the extrusion cross bar (21) is fixedly connected to the knife shaft (18), and two rebound plates (19) and two sensors (20) are provided, wherein the two rebound plates (19) are distributed on both sides of the knife shaft (18), and both are connected to the inner bottom surface of the annular groove (17) with a rebound damping hinge (22), and the two sensors (20) are centrally symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife shaft (18), and the sensors (20) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove (17), and each sensor (20) is a pressure sensing switch, and the sensing end of the sensor (20) corresponds to the rebound plate (19).

4. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The knife groove (9) corresponding to each rotating hob (4) is provided with mounting grooves (8) on both upper and lower sides, and a group of driving mechanisms are installed inside each knife groove (9), and the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic telescopic rod (10) and a lifting push plate (11), the hydraulic telescopic rod (10) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting groove (8), and the hydraulic telescopic rod (10) is electrically connected to the corresponding sensor (20), and each through-hole (5) is provided with a connecting port (16) corresponding to the mounting groove (8) on both upper and lower sides, and a connecting piece is connected between one end of the lifting push plate (11) and the corresponding telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (10), and the other end passes through the connecting port (16), and the impact crushing mechanism is arranged on the lifting push plate (11).

5. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impact crushing mechanism comprises an impact rod (26), a plurality of impact rods (26) are provided and are laterally equidistantly distributed on the inner side of the lifting push plate (11), each impact rod (26) is rotatably connected to the lifting push plate (11), and each impact rod (26) is provided with an auxiliary cleaning piece near the bottom.

6. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of each impact rod (26) close to the rotating hob (4) is fixedly connected to a cone head (12).

7. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting member comprises a transverse plate (13), a ball screw (24) and a screw sleeve (25); the transverse plate (13) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (10); a support spring (14) is connected between the transverse plate (13) and the lifting push plate (11); a plurality of ball screws (24) are provided and are coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the impact rod (26); a plurality of screw sleeves (25) are provided and are correspondingly matched and connected to the ball screw (24); each screw sleeve (25) is also fixedly connected to the transverse plate (13); and a side of the lifting push plate (11) close to the bottom is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (15).

8. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the ball screws (24) and the corresponding impact rods (26) are hollow structures and are interconnected. The auxiliary cleaning component comprises a limit steel wire (23) and a rotational expansion mechanism. A plurality of limit steel wires (23) are provided. One end of each limit steel wire (23) is fixedly connected to a side of the mounting groove (8) away from the corresponding rotating hob (4), and the other end passes through the ball screw (24) and penetrates into the interior of the impact rod (26). One end of each impact rod (26) close to the rotating hob (4) is provided with a set of the rotational expansion mechanism, and the rotational expansion mechanism is matched and connected to the other end of the corresponding limit steel wire (23).

9. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating outward expansion mechanism comprises a rotating plate (28), a mounting opening (27) and a linkage rod (29). The mounting opening (27) is provided on both sides of one end of each of the impact rods (26) close to the rotating hob (4). Two rotating plates (28) are provided and are respectively arranged in the mounting opening (27). The side of each rotating plate (28) away from the rotating hob (4) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting opening (27). The side of each rotating plate (28) close to the inside of the impact rod (26) is movably connected to the linkage rod (29) via a rebound hinge. The linkage rods (29) on both sides are movably connected to a linkage block (30) via a rebound hinge. The linkage block (30) is provided with a movable connecting piece, and the linkage block (30) is cooperatively connected to the limit steel wire (23) via the movable connecting piece.

10. A shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The movable connecting member comprises a ball shell (31) and a universal ball (32); the ball shell (31) is fixedly connected to the linkage block (30); the universal ball (32) is movably embedded in the ball shell (31); and the universal ball (32) is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting steel wire (23).

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