Cooling system and method for compressed air energy storage device and liquefied air energy storage device
Through a combined cooling system of multi-stage air cooling tower and water cooling tower, the pumping device and filler structure are used to achieve step-by-step cooling of air, solving the problem that air cannot be fully cooled in the prior art, improving the efficiency of the compressor and energy storage device, and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510164825.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
In existing compressed air energy storage and liquefied air energy storage devices, air cools down through cooling water, but the temperature limit of the cooling water causes the air to be unable to fully cool down, which limits the improvement of compressor efficiency. The efficiency of the wall heat exchanger is low and the investment cost is high, which restricts the improvement of system performance.
A combined cooling system of multi-stage air-cooling tower and water-cooling tower is adopted to drive cooling water and low-temperature water to level the air through the pumping device, and the filler and wire mesh structure are used to achieve direct contact between air and water, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency.
The step-by-step cooling of the air is achieved, reducing its temperature to 15~25℃, improving the efficiency of the compressor, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire energy storage device, reducing power consumption, and reducing investment costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119915115A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of compressed air energy storage and liquefied air energy storage devices, and in particular to a cooling system and method for compressed air energy storage and liquefied air energy storage devices. Background Art
[0002] Compressed air energy storage (CAES) and liquefied air energy storage (LAES) are important directions for large-scale energy storage technology. The core principle is to compress and store air through a compressor when storing energy, and release compressed air through an expander to drive power generation when generating electricity. The efficiency of the compressor directly affects the overall performance of the system, and the lower the intake temperature, the higher the compressor efficiency.
[0003] In the existing technology, the air is cooled by cooling water, but because the cooling water relies on a cooling water tower (temperature 30-40°C), it can only cool the air to about 40°C. This temperature level cannot fully utilize the efficiency potential of the compressor, which limits the improvement of the compressor efficiency to a certain extent, and thus affects the efficiency of the entire energy storage device; In addition, the partition-type heat exchanger used in the prior art has problems such as low efficiency and high investment cost in the heat and mass transfer process between air and water, which further restricts the improvement of system performance and its wide application. To this end, we propose a cooling system and method for compressed air energy storage and liquefied air energy storage devices. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to overcome the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a cooling system and method for a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a cooling system for a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device, comprising an air cooling group and a water cooling group; The air cooling group includes a normal temperature water tank, a primary air cooling tower, a secondary air cooling tower, a tertiary air cooling tower and a quaternary air cooling tower. The upper sides of the primary air cooling tower, the secondary air cooling tower and the tertiary air cooling tower are connected to the inlets of the secondary compressor, the tertiary compressor and the quaternary compressor through pipelines. The upper side of the quaternary air cooling tower is connected to the air storage cavity or the air liquefaction equipment through pipelines. The bottom of the primary air cooling tower is connected to the primary compressor. The bottoms of the primary air cooling tower, the secondary air cooling tower, the tertiary air cooling tower and the quaternary air cooling tower are respectively connected to the primary compressor, the secondary compressor and the quaternary compressor. The compressed air discharged from the three-stage compressor and the four-stage compressor after passing through pipelines and other equipment, the bottoms of the first-stage air-cooling tower, the second-stage air-cooling tower, the third-stage air-cooling tower and the fourth-stage air-cooling tower are connected to the open cooling tower through pipelines, the water outlet of the open cooling tower is connected to the normal temperature water tank, the normal temperature water tank is connected to the internal positions of the first-stage air-cooling tower, the second-stage air-cooling tower, the third-stage air-cooling tower and the fourth-stage air-cooling tower through the first pumping device, and the internal positions of the first-stage air-cooling tower, the second-stage air-cooling tower and the third-stage air-cooling tower are respectively provided with third pumping devices; The water cooling group includes a water cooling tower. The normal temperature water tank is connected to the inside of the water cooling tower through a second pumping device. The upper side of the water cooling tower is connected to the venting point through a pipeline. The bottom of the water cooling tower is connected to the final expansion air discharge point through a pipeline. The bottom of the water cooling tower is connected to a low temperature water tank through a pipeline, and the side of the low temperature water tank is connected to the position of the third pumping device through a pipeline. In addition, the remaining pipelines are all equipped with pump groups.
[0006] Further, two fillers are arranged inside the first-stage air cooling tower, the second-stage air cooling tower and the third-stage air cooling tower, one filler is arranged inside the fourth-stage air cooling tower, and a wire mesh is arranged on the upper side of the first-stage air cooling tower, the second-stage air cooling tower, the third-stage air cooling tower and the fourth-stage air cooling tower; The water cooling tower is provided with fillers inside and a wire mesh on the upper side.
[0007] A method for using a cooling system of a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device comprises the following steps: Energy storage stage: In the first step, compressed air enters from the bottom of the air cooling tower; In the second step, low-temperature water is transported to the top of the air-cooling tower through the third pumping device for spraying, and normal-temperature water is transported to the middle of the air-cooling tower for spraying through the first pumping device, so as to cool the compressed air in coordination. The filler can evenly conduct direct heat exchange cooling operation between water and air, thus realizing step-by-step cooling of the air. In the third step, the cooled compressed air passes through the wire mesh at the top of the air-cooling tower to remove free water and then enters the compressor. After compression, it finally reaches the gas storage or air liquefaction equipment. The heated water is transported from the bottom of the air-cooling tower to the open cooling tower through the pump group for cooling operation. After cooling, it is discharged to the normal temperature water tank through the pump group for storage.
[0008] Furthermore, the method further comprises the following steps: Energy release stage: In the first step, the final expansion air enters from the bottom of the water cooling tower; In the second step, the room temperature water is transported to the middle of the water cooling tower through the second pumping device for spraying, wherein the filler can directly contact the water with the expanded air to evaporate and absorb heat (the principle is to utilize the low humidity characteristics and moisture absorption and cooling effect of the expanded air to absorb the latent heat of vaporization through water evaporation in the water cooling tower, and cool the cooling water to low temperature water); In the third step, the air after moisture absorption passes through a wire mesh from the top of the water cooling tower to remove free water and then is discharged. After cooling, low-temperature water is formed and transported by a pump group from the bottom of the water cooling tower to the low-temperature water tank for storage (low-temperature water is used as a cooling source in the energy storage stage).
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses an air cooling tower, a water cooling tower, a pumping device and a pump group to drive cooling water and low-temperature water to cool the air in steps, so that the air temperature is reduced to 15-25°C, allowing the compressor to operate under more optimal temperature conditions, thereby significantly reducing the efficiency of the compressor and thereby improving the efficiency of the entire energy storage device.
[0010] 2. The present invention sets an air-cooling tower and a water-cooling tower. The final expanded air enters from the bottom of the water-cooling tower. Normal temperature water is transported and sprayed to the filler / sieve plate layer through the first pumping device. The air absorbs moisture and evaporates to take away the latent heat to produce low-temperature water. The low-temperature water is stored in the low-temperature water tank through the pump group. The wet air is discharged from the top of the tower after drying. The compressed air enters from the bottom of the air-cooling tower. Through the pumping device, the low-temperature water (upper spray) and the normal temperature water (middle spray) cooperate to cool the air, and the heated water returns to the open cooling tower for cooling. Compared with the traditional partition wall heat exchanger, the air and water in the present invention carry out mass and heat transfer in the spray tower, which not only greatly improves the heat and mass transfer efficiency, but also greatly reduces the investment cost.
[0011] 3. The present invention generates and utilizes low-temperature water by itself, and utilizes the hygroscopic effect of low-humidity air after expansion to cool normal-temperature water to 10-20°C in a spray tower (water-cooling tower) and store it in a low-temperature water tank; the water in the low-temperature water tank is sprayed to the air-cooling tower through a third pumping device to cool the air before compression to 15-25°C, and the water temperature is returned to the normal-temperature water tank for circulation after being heated, providing a cold source for cooling the air during energy storage, without the need for an external cold source, and significantly saving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the compressed air energy storage device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the system of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air cooling tower and the water cooling tower of the present invention; Among them: 1. Normal temperature water tank; 101. First-stage air cooling tower; 102. Second-stage air cooling tower; 103. Third-stage air cooling tower; 104. Fourth-stage air cooling tower; 105. Open cooling tower; 106. First pumping device; 2. Water cooling tower; 201. Second pumping device; 202. Low temperature water tank; 203. Third pumping device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all. Based on the embodiments in the implementation mode, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial channels.
[0014] Example: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a cooling system for a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device includes an air cooling group and a water cooling group. The air cooling group includes a normal temperature water tank 1, a primary air cooling tower 101, a secondary air cooling tower 102, a tertiary air cooling tower 103 and a quaternary air cooling tower 104. Two fillers are arranged inside the primary air cooling tower 101, the secondary air cooling tower 102 and the tertiary air cooling tower 103. A filler is arranged inside the quaternary air cooling tower 104. The primary air cooling tower 101, the secondary air cooling tower 102, the tertiary air cooling tower 103 and the quaternary air cooling tower The upper side of the interior of 104 is provided with a wire mesh, the upper sides of the first-stage air-cooling tower 101, the second-stage air-cooling tower 102 and the third-stage air-cooling tower 103 are connected to the inlet of the second-stage compressor, the third-stage compressor and the fourth-stage compressor through pipelines, and the upper side of the fourth-stage air-cooling tower 104 is connected to the gas storage hole or the air liquefaction equipment through pipelines to store and collect the compressed gas, the bottom of the first-stage air-cooling tower 101 is connected to the first-stage compressor, and the bottoms of the first-stage air-cooling tower 101, the second-stage air-cooling tower 102, the third-stage air-cooling tower 103 and the fourth-stage air-cooling tower 104 are respectively The compressed air discharged from the first-stage compressor, the second-stage compressor, the third-stage compressor and the fourth-stage compressor is connected after passing through pipelines and other equipment, so that the energy storage hot air generated after the step compression is subjected to a step heat dissipation operation. The bottoms of the first-stage air cooling tower 101, the second-stage air cooling tower 102, the third-stage air cooling tower 103 and the fourth-stage air cooling tower 104 are connected to the open cooling tower 105 through pipelines. The water outlet of the open cooling tower 105 is connected to the normal temperature water tank 1, and the normal temperature water tank 1 is connected to the first-stage air cooling tower 101 through the first pumping device 106. 1. The internal positions of the secondary air-cooling tower 102, the tertiary air-cooling tower 103 and the quaternary air-cooling tower 104 correspond to the upper side packing. The pumping device is composed of a pump and a nozzle. The normal temperature water is pumped into the tower by the pump and sprayed out from the nozzle. The pump is not limited here and can meet the normal power consumption. The internal positions of the primary air-cooling tower 101, the secondary air-cooling tower 102 and the tertiary air-cooling tower 103 are respectively provided with a third pumping device 203, corresponding to the upper side packing. The third pumping device 203 sprays low temperature water into the tower through the pump as above; The above describes a cooling system for a compressed air energy storage device or a liquefied air energy storage device with four-stage compression. The present invention does not limit the number of compressor stages. Each compressor stage can be provided with an air cooling tower to match the compressed air energy storage device or the liquefied air energy storage device. The water cooling group includes a water cooling tower 2, the water cooling tower 2 is provided with fillers inside, a wire mesh is provided on the upper side, the normal temperature water tank 1 is connected to the inside of the water cooling tower 2 through the second pumping device 201, and the second pumping device 201 sprays normal temperature water into the tower for use by a pump at the corresponding filler. The upper side of the water cooling tower 2 is connected to the venting point through a pipeline, and the bottom of the water cooling tower 2 is connected to the discharge point of the final expansion air through a pipeline. The bottom of the water cooling tower 2 is connected to a low temperature water tank 202 through a pipeline, and the side of the low temperature water tank 202 is connected to the position of the third pumping device 203 through a pipeline. In addition, the remaining pipelines are all provided with pump groups, and the pump groups are used to transport cooling water or other cooling substances; The traditional cooling scheme can only cool the air to about 40°C. In comparison, this scheme can cool the air to 15-25°C, allowing the compressor to operate under more optimal temperature conditions, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of the compressor, and then driving a significant improvement in the efficiency of the entire energy storage device. Calculated by the calculation formula of the adiabatic compression work of ideal gas, the power consumption ratio W low temperature / W high temperature = T low temperature / T high temperature = 293.15K / 313.15K ≈ 0.936, that is, the power consumption of the compressor is reduced by 6% to 7%.
[0015] A method for using a cooling system of a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device comprises the following steps: like Figure 2 As shown, energy storage stage: in the first step, compressed air enters from the bottom of the air cooling tower; In the second step, low-temperature water is transported to the top of the air-cooling tower through the third pumping device 203 for spraying, and normal-temperature water is transported to the middle of the air-cooling tower for spraying through the first pumping device 106, so as to cool the compressed air in coordination, wherein the filler can evenly conduct direct heat exchange cooling operation between the water and the air, thereby realizing step-by-step cooling of the air; In the third step, the compressed air after cooling passes through the wire mesh to remove free water from the top of the air cooling tower and enters the compressor. After compression, it finally reaches the gas storage or air liquefaction equipment. The heated water is transported from the bottom of the air cooling tower to the open cooling tower 105 through the pump group for cooling operation. After cooling, it is discharged to the normal temperature water tank 1 for storage through the pump group. Energy release stage: In the first step, the final expansion air enters from the bottom of the water cooling tower 2; In the second step, the room temperature water is transported to the middle of the water cooling tower 2 through the second pumping device 201 for spraying, wherein the filler can directly contact the water with the expanded air to evaporate and absorb heat (the principle is to utilize the low moisture content and moisture absorption and cooling effect of the expanded air to absorb the latent heat of vaporization through water evaporation in the water cooling tower 2, and cool the cooling water to low temperature water); In the third step, the air after moisture absorption passes through a wire mesh to remove free water from the top of the water cooling tower 2 and is discharged. After cooling, the low-temperature water is transported by a pump group and discharged from the bottom of the water cooling tower 2 to the low-temperature water tank 202 for storage (the low-temperature water is used as a cooling source for cooling in the energy storage stage).
[0016] The above heat transfer medium can be expanded: water can be replaced by ethylene glycol solution, ionic liquid and other media with lower volatility than water; Expansion of cooling recovery forms: including but not limited to spray towers, other direct contact heat exchange devices (such as sieve plate towers, bubble towers, spray coolers) are all acceptable.
[0017] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.
Claims
1. A cooling system for a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device, comprising an air cooling group and a water cooling group; Features: The air cooling group comprises a normal temperature water tank (1), a primary air cooling tower (101), a secondary air cooling tower (102), a tertiary air cooling tower (103) and a quaternary air cooling tower (104); the upper sides of the primary air cooling tower (101), the secondary air cooling tower (102) and the tertiary air cooling tower (103) are connected to the inlets of the secondary compressor, the tertiary compressor and the quaternary compressor via pipelines; the upper side of the quaternary air cooling tower (104) is connected to an air storage cavity or an air liquefaction device via pipelines; the bottom of the primary air cooling tower (101) is connected to a primary compressor; the bottoms of the primary air cooling tower (101), the secondary air cooling tower (102), the tertiary air cooling tower (103) and the quaternary air cooling tower (104) are respectively connected to the primary compressor, the secondary compressor, the tertiary compressor and the quaternary compressor. The compressed air discharged from the compressor and the four-stage compressor passes through pipelines and other equipment, and the bottoms of the first-stage air cooling tower (101), the second-stage air cooling tower (102), the third-stage air cooling tower (103) and the fourth-stage air cooling tower (104) are connected to the open cooling tower (105) through pipelines. The water outlet of the open cooling tower (105) is connected to the normal temperature water tank (1). The normal temperature water tank (1) is connected to the internal positions of the first-stage air cooling tower (101), the second-stage air cooling tower (102), the third-stage air cooling tower (103) and the fourth-stage air cooling tower (104) through the first pumping device (106). The internal positions of the first-stage air cooling tower (101), the second-stage air cooling tower (102) and the third-stage air cooling tower (103) are respectively provided with third pumping devices (203); The water cooling group comprises a water cooling tower (2); a normal temperature water tank (1) is connected to the inside of the water cooling tower (2) via a second pumping device (201); the upper side of the water cooling tower (2) is connected to a venting point via a pipeline; the bottom of the water cooling tower (2) is connected to a final stage expanded air discharge point via a pipeline; the bottom of the water cooling tower (2) is connected to a low temperature water tank (202) via a pipeline; and the side of the low temperature water tank (202) is connected to the position of a third pumping device (203) via a pipeline; and the remaining pipelines are all provided with pump groups.
2. A cooling system for a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage air-cooling tower (101), the second-stage air-cooling tower (102) and the third-stage air-cooling tower (103) are provided with two fillers inside, the fourth-stage air-cooling tower (104) is provided with one filler inside, and the first-stage air-cooling tower (101), the second-stage air-cooling tower (102), the third-stage air-cooling tower (103) and the fourth-stage air-cooling tower (104) are all provided with wire mesh on the upper sides inside; The water cooling tower (2) is provided with fillers inside and a wire mesh on the upper side.
3. A method for using a cooling system of a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Energy storage stage: In the first step, compressed air enters from the bottom of the air cooling tower; In the second step, low-temperature water is transported to the top of the air cooling tower through the third pumping device (203) for spraying, and normal-temperature water is transported to the middle of the air cooling tower through the first pumping device (106) for spraying, so as to cool the compressed air in coordination, wherein the filler can evenly perform a direct heat exchange cooling operation between the water and the air, thereby achieving a step-by-step cooling of the air; In the third step, the compressed air after cooling passes through a wire mesh at the top of the air cooling tower to remove free water and then enters the compressor. After compression, it finally reaches the gas storage or air liquefaction equipment. The heated water is transported from the bottom of the air cooling tower to the open cooling tower (105) through a pump group for cooling. After cooling, it is discharged to the normal temperature water tank (1) for storage through a pump group.
4. The method for using a cooling system for a compressed air energy storage device and a liquefied air energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Energy release stage: In the first step, the final expansion air enters from the bottom of the water cooling tower (2); In the second step, the room temperature water is transported to the middle of the water cooling tower (2) through the second pumping device (201) for spraying, wherein the filler can directly contact the water with the expanded air to evaporate and absorb heat {the principle is to utilize the low humidity characteristics and moisture absorption and cooling effect of the expanded air to absorb the latent heat of vaporization through water evaporation in the water cooling tower (2), and cool the cooling water to low temperature water}; In the third step, the air after moisture absorption is discharged from the top of the water cooling tower (2) after free water is removed through a wire mesh. After cooling, the low-temperature water is formed and transported by a pump group from the bottom of the water cooling tower (2) to the low-temperature water tank (202) for storage {the low-temperature water is used as a cooling source for cooling in the energy storage stage}.