Roadway full-section real-time deformation monitoring method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a roadway full-section real-time deformation monitoring method and device. The method comprises the following steps that S1, a multi-point laser ranging integrated device is installed; s2, coordinate information of different point positions in the roadway is measured through a multi-point laser ranging integrated device; s3, when the position of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device is changed, performing calibration base point conversion on the multi-point laser ranging integrated device manually; s4, coordinate information of different point positions in the deformed roadway is measured through a multi-point laser ranging integrated device; s5, selecting vectors before and after deformation of the same occurrence angle; and S6, calculating the angle between the two groups of selected vectors so as to obtain the angle of the tunnel after deformation. According to the method, the emitted light of the same angle of the laser range finder is selected according to the converted space coordinate information to carry out coordinate calculation of two vectors before and after deformation, and finally, the angle size before and after deformation of the roadway is reflected by calculating the included angle between the two vectors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mining engineering tunnel convergence deformation monitoring, and in particular relates to a tunnel full-section real-time deformation monitoring method and device. Background Art

[0002] In underground mine engineering, tunnels are important transportation and operation channels, and their stability is directly related to the safe production of mines. However, with the increase in mining depth, the pressure on the tunnel surrounding rock gradually increases, resulting in increasingly prominent safety issues such as tunnel deformation and damage. Tunnel deformation not only affects the normal progress of mining operations, but may also cause serious disasters such as roof accidents and surrounding rock shedding, posing a serious threat to personnel and equipment. Therefore, real-time monitoring and early warning of tunnel deformation are of great significance to ensuring the safe production of mines. In tunnel deformation monitoring, laser ranging technology can achieve accurate measurement and real-time monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock. By emitting a laser beam and receiving the reflected laser signal, the distance of the target object (i.e., tunnel surrounding rock) can be calculated, thereby achieving accurate measurement of tunnel deformation. The measurement accuracy of the laser rangefinder can reach millimeter level or even higher, which can meet the high-precision requirements of tunnel deformation monitoring. The laser rangefinder has a fast measurement speed, which can greatly improve the measurement efficiency and shorten the measurement cycle. The laser rangefinder adopts a non-contact measurement method, which will not cause damage to the target object and is suitable for measurement in various complex environments.

[0003] Therefore, based on the above background, how to monitor the deformation of tunnel surrounding rock based on the principle of laser ranging is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and device for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross-section of a tunnel, which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that: A method for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross section of a tunnel comprises the following steps: S1. A multi-point laser ranging integrated device is symmetrically installed on the side walls of both sides of the tunnel, and the multi-point laser ranging integrated device is used as a coordinate base point; S2, based on the multi-point laser ranging integrated device, the distance information of different points in the lane is measured simultaneously, and the coordinate information of different points in the lane is calculated according to the distance between the two side walls of the lane obtained and the laser emission angle of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device; S3. When the multi-point laser ranging integrated device finds that the angle changes when receiving the laser or the time between the laser emission and reception changes, send staff to enter the tunnel and convert the coordinate points of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device based on the coordinate base point according to the space reference device installed in the multi-point laser ranging integrated device and record them; S4, then simultaneously measuring the distance information of different points in the deformed tunnel based on the multi-point laser ranging integrated device, and calculating the coordinate information of different points in the tunnel according to the distance between the side walls of the tunnel after deformation and the laser generation angle of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device; S5, respectively selecting the point coordinates before and after the deformation of the lane at the same laser emission angle, and representing the point coordinates and the base point coordinates before the lane deformation through a first vector, and representing the point coordinates and the coordinates of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device after the lane deformation through a second vector; S6. Substituting the first vector and the second vector into the following formula and calculating the angle of the roadway deformation;

[0006] in represents the first vector, represents the second vector, represents the magnitude of the first vector, represents the modulus of the second vector, and α represents the degree of the angle between the first vector and the second vector.

[0007] As a further improvement, step S6 further includes: S601. The calculated deformation angle of the tunnel is imported into the data processing module. The data processing module compares the obtained deformation angle of the tunnel with the preset safety angle and imports the comparison result into the alarm module. The alarm module issues different degrees of early warning prompts according to the obtained comparison result.

[0008] As a further improvement, the specific workflow of the data processing module is as follows: The obtained roadway deformation angle is compared with the preset safety angle, and the result of the roadway deformation angle being less than or equal to the preset safety angle is set as the first cluster, the result of the roadway deformation angle being greater than but not exceeding 20% ​​of the preset safety angle is set as the second cluster, and the result of the roadway deformation angle exceeding 20% ​​of the preset safety angle is set as the third cluster; If the comparison results are all in the first cluster, the data processing module sends a green safety signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt that it is safe; If the comparison results are all in the second cluster, the data processing module sends a yellow warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt of alert; If the comparison results are all in the third cluster, the data processing module sends a red warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt of danger; If the comparison result is only in the first cluster and the second cluster, and the weight of the comparison result in the second cluster is less than 60%, the data processing module sends a blue warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first waiting safety, otherwise the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first waiting warning; If the comparison result is only in the second cluster and the third cluster, and the weight of the comparison result in the second cluster is less than 60%, the data processing module sends a pink warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first danger, otherwise the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the second alert; If the comparison results exist in the first cluster, the second cluster and the third cluster, and when the weight of the comparison results in the third cluster is greater than or equal to 40%, regardless of the weight of the comparison results in the first cluster or the second cluster, the data processing module sends an orange warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt as the second danger.

[0009] As a further improvement, step S4 further includes: S401, the alarm module will transmit the two sets of coordinate information obtained in step S2 and step S4 to the image analysis module. After receiving the two sets of coordinate information, the image analysis module will mark each coordinate point on the coordinate axis according to the two sets of coordinate information, and then connect the coordinate points of the two sets of coordinate information with curves to obtain the coordinate curve diagrams of step S2 and step S4 respectively. Finally, the obtained coordinate curve diagram is used in conjunction with the historical big data model for estimation, and an estimated coordinate curve diagram is generated on the coordinate axis. Finally, the estimated coordinate curve diagram is compared with the preset danger standard model diagram, and the subsequent changes in the tunnel are judged based on the comparison results, so as to better remind the staff in the tunnel to issue an early warning.

[0010] A tunnel full-section real-time deformation monitoring device comprises a multi-point laser ranging integrated device, wherein a space reference device, a real-time monitor and an information processor are integrated in the multi-point laser ranging integrated device.

[0011] As a further improvement, the spatial reference device includes a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a display screen, a calibration device and control electronic components, wherein the signal generator and the signal receiver are used to provide position determination for the detected tunnel surrounding rock to ensure the accuracy of spatial positioning; the display screen is used to display the spatial coordinate information in real time; the calibration device is used to perform coordinate axis unification conversion processing on the tunnel coordinates before and after deformation.

[0012] As a further improvement, the real-time detector includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, a display module, an alarm module and a power supply module, wherein the data acquisition module is used to collect distance information of different points in the tunnel; the data transmission module is used to transmit the distance information collected by the data acquisition module to the data processing module; the data processing module is used to analyze and calculate the received distance information, and then pass the data obtained by the analysis and calculation to the alarm module; the alarm module receives the analyzed and calculated data, and then compares it with the preset big data model data and obtains alarm information; the display screen is used to display the alarm information obtained by the alarm module.

[0013] As a further improvement, the information processor is used to analyze and process the distance information of different points before the tunnel deformation and the distance information of different points after the tunnel deformation, and display the coordinate graphics on the same coordinate axis based on the analyzed and processed data, and finally estimate the coordinate graphics for the next time period based on the big data model.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging a multi-point laser ranging integrated device in the tunnel, the surface deformation monitoring of the tunnel surrounding rock at multiple points is performed; the laser rangefinder emits a laser beam and receives a reflected signal. The data will be recorded in real time and transmitted to the data processing equipment for analysis, and the data processing is performed in the device to convert the spatial coordinate information, and the emitted light of the same angle of the laser rangefinder is selected through the converted spatial coordinate information to calculate the coordinates of the two vectors before and after the deformation, and finally the angle before and after the deformation of the tunnel is reflected by calculating the angle between the two vectors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross section of a tunnel according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram comparing the coordinate curve diagrams before and after the deformation of the laneway and the coordinate curve diagram after estimation in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel full-section real-time deformation monitoring device in the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement position of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1-multi-point laser ranging integrated device, 2-display module, 3-information processor, 4-space reference device, 5-data processing module, 6-alarm module, 7-data processing module, 8-data acquisition module, 9-power supply module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "above", "both ends", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross section of a tunnel, comprising the following steps: S1. A multi-point laser ranging integrated device is symmetrically installed on the side walls of both sides of the tunnel, and the multi-point laser ranging integrated device is used as a coordinate base point; S2, based on the multi-point laser ranging integrated device, the distance information of different points in the lane is measured simultaneously, and the coordinate information of different points in the lane is calculated according to the distance between the two side walls of the lane obtained and the laser emission angle of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device; S3. When the multi-point laser ranging integrated device finds that the angle changes when receiving the laser or the time between the laser emission and reception changes, send staff to enter the tunnel and convert the coordinate points of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device based on the coordinate base point according to the space reference device installed in the multi-point laser ranging integrated device and record them; S4, then simultaneously measuring the distance information of different points in the deformed tunnel based on the multi-point laser ranging integrated device, and calculating the coordinate information of different points in the tunnel according to the distance between the side walls of the tunnel after deformation and the laser generation angle of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device; S5, respectively selecting the point coordinates before and after the deformation of the lane at the same laser emission angle, and representing the point coordinates and the base point coordinates before the lane deformation through a first vector, and representing the point coordinates and the coordinates of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device after the lane deformation through a second vector; S6. Substituting the first vector and the second vector into the following formula and calculating the angle of the roadway deformation;

[0022] in represents the first vector, represents the second vector, represents the magnitude of the first vector, represents the modulus of the second vector, and α represents the degree of the angle between the first vector and the second vector.

[0023] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 : Since the uppermost angle of the laser emission is fixed, when the laser receiver receives the laser, if the angle changes, it means that the tunnel position has changed. The distance from the laser emission hole to the tunnel surrounding rock is measured according to the laser ranging principle. The angle θ of the light beam emitted by the laser emitter is determined according to the trigonometric function. , the y-axis value remains unchanged, and the various values ​​of the coordinates are calculated. Then, according to the coordinates of the laser emission hole (x1, y1, z1), the coordinates of the point where the laser beam reaches the surrounding rock of the tunnel are obtained through the formula xi=m+x1, yi=y1, zi=n+z1 (xi, yi, zi). If the laser ranging time of the rangefinder changes, it means that the surrounding rock of the tunnel has deformed. Then, the above calculation is performed based on the distance measured by the laser rangefinder to obtain the coordinate value (xi1, yi1, zi1) of the point where the laser beam reaches the surrounding rock of the tunnel after deformation for precise monitoring. Use the vector method to calculate the angle between two points. The coordinates of the two points are (x1, y1, z1) and (xi, yi, zi). Then the vector The coordinates can be expressed as (xi-x1, yi-y1, zi-z1), the distance between two points | ∣= , according to the coordinates of the newly measured point and the coordinates of the laser emission hole, the vector Two vectors =(u1,u2,u3) and =(v1,v2,v3), according to the dot product =u1v1+u2v2+u3v3. Also, the cosine of the angle between two vectors can be calculated by their dot product and their modulus: that is, . Thus, the deformation angle of the tunnel surrounding rock can be obtained. After data analysis, the data is transmitted. When the data exceeds the set value, the system will automatically issue a warning or alarm signal so that the staff can quickly understand and deal with it.

[0024] Among them, l is the oblique length of the emitted laser beam, and its x-axis coordinate and z-axis coordinate are calculated using triangles based on its included angle. m is the length value of its x-coordinate, and n is the height value of its z-coordinate.

[0025] The first vector is the laser ray before deformation, and the second vector is the laser ray after deformation. A multi-point laser distance measuring integrated device is arranged in the tunnel to monitor the surface deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock at multiple points; the laser distance meter emits a laser beam and receives the reflected signal. The data will be recorded in real time and transmitted to the data processing equipment for analysis, and the data processing and conversion of spatial coordinate information will be carried out in the device. The emitted light of the same angle of the laser distance meter is selected through the converted spatial coordinate information to calculate the coordinates of the two vectors before and after the deformation. Finally, the angle between the two vectors is calculated to reflect the angle of the tunnel before and after deformation.

[0026] Furthermore, after step S6, the following steps are further included: S601. The calculated deformation angle of the tunnel is imported into the data processing module. The data processing module compares the obtained deformation angle of the tunnel with the preset safety angle and imports the comparison result into the alarm module. The alarm module issues different degrees of early warning prompts according to the obtained comparison result.

[0027] The calculated tunnel deformation angle is imported into the data processing module and compared with the preset safety angle to obtain a comparison result. Finally, the comparison result is reflected to the alarm module for alarm reminder, so that the staff can quickly understand and take corresponding measures.

[0028] Furthermore, the specific workflow of the data processing module is as follows: The obtained roadway deformation angle is compared with the preset safety angle, and the result of the roadway deformation angle being less than or equal to the preset safety angle is set as the first cluster, the result of the roadway deformation angle being greater than but not exceeding 20% ​​of the preset safety angle is set as the second cluster, and the result of the roadway deformation angle exceeding 20% ​​of the preset safety angle is set as the third cluster; If the comparison results are all in the first cluster, the data processing module sends a green safety signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt that it is safe; If the comparison results are all in the second cluster, the data processing module sends a yellow warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt of alert; If the comparison results are all in the third cluster, the data processing module sends a red warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt of danger; If the comparison result is only in the first cluster and the second cluster, and the weight of the comparison result in the second cluster is less than 60%, the data processing module sends a blue warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first waiting safety, otherwise the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first waiting warning; If the comparison result is only in the second cluster and the third cluster, and the weight of the comparison result in the second cluster is less than 60%, the data processing module sends a pink warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first danger, otherwise the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the second alert; If the comparison results exist in the first cluster, the second cluster and the third cluster, and when the weight of the comparison results in the third cluster is greater than or equal to 40%, regardless of the weight of the comparison results in the first cluster or the second cluster, the data processing module sends an orange warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt as the second danger.

[0029] By analyzing the comparison results and clustering them according to different analysis results, the comparison between the overall deformation degree of the tunnel and the preset standard is made clearer, and the different proportions of the comparison results in different clusters make the warning prompts displayed by the alarm module different. This can better display the different situations of the overall deformation of the tunnel more accurately and better understand and deal with the tunnel.

[0030] When the alarm module displays the early warning reminder as danger, first wait for danger and second wait for danger, the staff needs to evacuate the personnel in the lane and reinforce or perform emergency maintenance on the lane according to the lane image of step S4 obtained in the image analysis module; if the alarm module displays safety or first wait for safety, the staff can continue to work normally in the lane; if the alarm module displays alert, first wait for alert or second wait for alert, the staff needs to understand the lane image of step S4 obtained in the image analysis module, and process the lane according to the image before continuing to work.

[0031] Furthermore, after step S4, the following steps are further included: S401, the alarm module will transmit the two sets of coordinate information obtained in step S2 and step S4 to the image analysis module. After receiving the two sets of coordinate information, the image analysis module will mark each coordinate point on the coordinate axis according to the two sets of coordinate information, and then connect the coordinate points of the two sets of coordinate information with curves to obtain the coordinate curve diagrams of step S2 and step S4 respectively. Finally, the obtained coordinate curve diagram is used in conjunction with the historical big data model for estimation, and an estimated coordinate curve diagram is generated on the coordinate axis. Finally, the estimated coordinate curve diagram is compared with the preset danger standard model diagram, and the subsequent changes in the tunnel are judged based on the comparison results, so as to better remind the staff in the tunnel to issue an early warning.

[0032] The coordinate information obtained in step S2 and step S4 is transmitted to the image analysis module. The image analysis module draws on the coordinate axis according to the two sets of coordinate information, and then obtains two sets of images of the tunnel before and after deformation. Then, data sampling is performed according to the historical big data model to obtain the estimated coordinate information, and then the estimated coordinate curve is drawn. The coordinate curve before deformation, the coordinate curve after deformation, the estimated coordinate curve and the preset danger standard model diagram are placed on a coordinate axis, so as to reflect it to the staff more intuitively and enable the staff to have a preliminary estimate of subsequent risk points.

[0033] A tunnel full-section real-time deformation monitoring device comprises a multi-point laser ranging integrated device, wherein a space reference device, a real-time monitor and an information processor are integrated in the multi-point laser ranging integrated device.

[0034] Furthermore, the spatial reference device includes a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a display screen, a calibration device and control electronic components, wherein the signal generator and the signal receiver are used to provide position determination for the detected tunnel surrounding rock to ensure the accuracy of spatial positioning; the display screen is used to display the spatial coordinate information in real time; the calibration device is used to perform coordinate axis unification conversion processing on the tunnel coordinates before and after deformation.

[0035] Furthermore, the real-time detector includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, a display module, an alarm module and a power supply module, wherein the data acquisition module is used to collect distance information of different points in the tunnel; the data transmission module is used to transmit the distance information collected by the data acquisition module to the data processing module; the data processing module is used to analyze and calculate the received distance information, and then pass the data obtained by the analysis and calculation to the alarm module; the alarm module receives the analyzed and calculated data, and then compares it with the preset big data model data to obtain alarm information; the display screen is used to display the alarm information obtained by the alarm module.

[0036] Furthermore, the information processor is used to analyze and process the distance information of different points before the tunnel is deformed and the distance information of different points after the tunnel is deformed, and display the coordinate graphics on the same coordinate axis based on the analyzed and processed data, and finally estimate the coordinate graphics for the next time period based on the big data model.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross section of a tunnel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. A multi-point laser ranging integrated device is symmetrically installed on the side walls of both sides of the tunnel, and the multi-point laser ranging integrated device is used as a coordinate base point; S2, based on the multi-point laser ranging integrated device, the distance information of different points in the lane is measured simultaneously, and the coordinate information of different points in the lane is calculated according to the distance between the two side walls of the lane obtained and the laser emission angle of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device; S3. When the multi-point laser ranging integrated device finds that the angle changes when receiving the laser or the time between the laser emission and reception changes, send staff to enter the tunnel and convert the coordinate points of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device based on the coordinate base point according to the space reference device installed in the multi-point laser ranging integrated device and record them; S4, then simultaneously measuring the distance information of different points in the deformed tunnel based on the multi-point laser ranging integrated device, and calculating the coordinate information of different points in the tunnel according to the distance between the side walls of the tunnel after deformation and the laser generation angle of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device; S5, respectively selecting the point coordinates before and after the deformation of the lane at the same laser emission angle, and representing the point coordinates and the base point coordinates before the lane deformation through a first vector, and representing the point coordinates and the coordinates of the multi-point laser ranging integrated device after the lane deformation through a second vector; S6. Substituting the first vector and the second vector into the following formula and calculating the angle of the roadway deformation; in represents the first vector, represents the second vector, represents the magnitude of the first vector, represents the modulus of the second vector, and α represents the degree of the angle between the first vector and the second vector; S601. The calculated deformation angle of the tunnel is imported into the data processing module. The data processing module compares the obtained deformation angle of the tunnel with the preset safety angle and divides them into clusters. The comparison result is imported into the alarm module. The alarm module issues different degrees of early warning prompts according to the obtained comparison result.

2. The method for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire tunnel section according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific workflow of the data processing module is as follows: The obtained roadway deformation angle is compared with the preset safety angle, and the result of the roadway deformation angle being less than or equal to the preset safety angle is set as the first cluster, the result of the roadway deformation angle being greater than but not exceeding 20% ​​of the preset safety angle is set as the second cluster, and the result of the roadway deformation angle exceeding 20% ​​of the preset safety angle is set as the third cluster; If the comparison results are all in the first cluster, the data processing module sends a green safety signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt that it is safe; If the comparison results are all in the second cluster, the data processing module sends a yellow warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt of alert; If the comparison results are all in the third cluster, the data processing module sends a red warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt of danger; If the comparison result is only in the first cluster and the second cluster, and the weight of the comparison result in the second cluster is less than 60%, the data processing module sends a blue warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first waiting safety, otherwise the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first waiting warning; If the comparison result is only in the second cluster and the third cluster, and the weight of the comparison result in the second cluster is less than 60%, the data processing module sends a pink warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the first danger, otherwise the alarm module displays the warning reminder as the second alert; If the comparison results exist in the first cluster, the second cluster and the third cluster, and when the weight of the comparison results in the third cluster is greater than or equal to 40%, regardless of the weight of the comparison results in the first cluster or the second cluster, the data processing module sends an orange warning signal to the alarm module, and the alarm module displays a warning prompt as the second danger.

3. The method for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross section of a tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After step S4, the following steps are also included: S401, the alarm module will transmit the two sets of coordinate information obtained in step S2 and step S4 to the image analysis module. After receiving the two sets of coordinate information, the image analysis module will mark each coordinate point on the coordinate axis according to the two sets of coordinate information, and then connect the coordinate points of the two sets of coordinate information with curves to obtain the coordinate curve diagrams of step S2 and step S4 respectively. Finally, the obtained coordinate curve diagram is used in conjunction with the historical big data model for estimation, and an estimated coordinate curve diagram is generated on the coordinate axis. Finally, the estimated coordinate curve diagram is compared with the preset danger standard model diagram, and the subsequent changes in the tunnel are judged based on the comparison results, so as to better remind the staff in the tunnel to issue an early warning.

4. A real-time deformation monitoring device for the entire cross section of a tunnel, characterized in that: Applied to the real-time deformation monitoring method for the entire cross-section of a tunnel as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the monitoring device includes a multi-point laser ranging integrated device, and the multi-point laser ranging integrated device integrates a space reference, a real-time monitor and an information processor.

5. The method and device for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross section of a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spatial reference device includes a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, a display screen, a calibration device and control electronic components, wherein the signal generator and the signal receiver are used to provide position determination for the detected tunnel surrounding rock to ensure the accuracy of spatial positioning; the display screen is used to display spatial coordinate information in real time; the calibration device is used to perform coordinate axis unification conversion processing on the tunnel coordinates before and after deformation.

6. The method and device for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross section of a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The real-time detector includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, a display module, an alarm module and a power supply module, wherein the data acquisition module is used to collect distance information of different points in the lane; The data transmission module is used to transmit the distance information collected by the data collection module to the data processing module; The data processing module is used to analyze and calculate the received distance information, and then transmit the data obtained from the analysis and calculation to the alarm module; The alarm module receives the data after analysis and calculation, and then compares it with the preset big data model data to obtain the alarm information; the display screen is used to display the alarm information obtained by the alarm module.

7. The method and device for real-time deformation monitoring of the entire cross section of a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The information processor is used to analyze and process the distance information of different points before the tunnel is deformed and the distance information of different points after the tunnel is deformed, and to display the coordinate graph on the same coordinate axis based on the analyzed and processed data, and finally to estimate the coordinate graph for the next time period based on the big data model.

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