Tree information plotting method oriented to complex growth environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a tree information plotting method for a complex growth environment, and the method comprises the steps: collecting an image of a measurement region: collecting a forest investigation region through a multi-rotor unmanned plane, and carrying out the high-precision orthoimage; tree point cloud collection: carrying out three-dimensional point cloud scanning along an under-forest channel through a handheld laser three-dimensional scanner, and determining a spatial position through the assistance of an RTK instrument; digital plotting: importing the tree point location vector information with the parameters into GIS software, and cooperating with high-precision orthoimage data to carry out interior digital plotting; and field re-checking. The invention belongs to the technical field of tree information annotation, and particularly provides a tree information annotation system which effectively combines an unmanned aerial vehicle and a handheld laser scanner, optimizes and improves the manual operation efficiency, greatly reduces the operation safety risk, quickly identifies parameter information such as tree position, tree species, diameter at breast height, crown breadth and tree height, and improves the tree information annotation efficiency. The tree information plotting method oriented to the complex growth environment is efficient and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tree information mapping, and specifically refers to a tree information mapping method for complex growth environments. Background Art

[0002] At present, forestry information surveys and tree surveys for engineering construction mostly use manual on-site exploration combined with total station mapping to record the geographical location, tree species, breast diameter, tree height, crown width and other information of trees. Facing the environment under viaducts, inside highway interchanges and on the shoulders (or corrugated guardrails) of highways, the degree of tree maintenance is low, the tree shapes are irregular, and the canopy density is high, resulting in a complex underforest environment. Traditional manual survey and mapping methods are inefficient, have high potential risks, and are difficult to archive and organize data. In addition, it is impossible to set up total stations and RTK and other traditional surveying and mapping instruments to locate trees in such environments, which causes great trouble to tree survey and management work. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned existing problems, the present invention provides a method that effectively combines drones and handheld laser scanners to optimize and improve manual work efficiency, significantly reduce work safety risks, and quickly identify tree location, tree species, breast diameter, crown width, tree height and other parameter information, which is an efficient and practical tree information mapping method for complex growth environments.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: the present invention is directed to a method for mapping tree information in a complex growth environment, including collecting survey area images, using a multi-rotor drone to collect high-precision orthophotos of the forest survey area;

[0005] Tree point cloud collection: use a handheld laser 3D scanner to scan the 3D point cloud along the forest corridor, and use RTK equipment to assist in determining the spatial position;

[0006] Digital mapping: import the tree point vector information with parameters into GIS software, and conduct digital mapping in-house in coordination with high-precision orthophoto data;

[0007] Field verification is carried out through manual on-site point selection and identification, and mapping and matching of tree species types and image color and texture characteristics are carried out. Then, spatial superposition and data of ancient and famous trees in the survey area are combined for data screening, and finally the adjustment and mapping of tree locations, tree species, breast diameter, tree height, crown width and other parameters in the survey area are completed.

[0008] Furthermore, the information collected by the tree point cloud is matched with the coordinate system of the high-precision orthophoto, and then the point cloud data is preprocessed and processed, and the tree position, tree height and breast diameter information are mapped and recorded through the point cloud visualization display software.

[0009] Furthermore, the digital mapping obtains tree locations and crown width parameters, and classifies and builds a database based on the color and texture features of the trees displayed in the orthophoto.

[0010] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above-mentioned structure are as follows: The tree information mapping method for complex growth environments proposed in this scheme, combined with drones and handheld laser scanners, can effectively map tree information while greatly shortening field manual work hours, thereby optimizing and improving manual work efficiency, reducing the safety risks of tree information mapping operations in complex forest environments using traditional operation methods, and quickly identifying parameter information such as tree location, tree species, breast diameter, crown width, and tree height, enriching the diversity of results data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of high-precision orthophoto acquisition for the tree information mapping method in complex growth environments proposed in this plan;

[0012] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of orthophoto modeling for the tree information mapping method in complex growth environments proposed in this scheme;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of point cloud collection for the tree information mapping method in complex growth environments proposed in this scheme;

[0014] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of point cloud modeling for the tree information mapping method in complex growth environments proposed in this scheme;

[0015] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of in-house digital mapping and field verification of the tree information mapping method for complex growth environments proposed in this plan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The proposed method for mapping tree information in complex growth environments includes image acquisition in the survey area: using a multi-rotor drone to collect high-precision orthophotos of the forest survey area;

[0018] Tree point cloud collection: Use a handheld laser 3D scanner to scan the 3D point cloud along the forest corridor, and use RTK equipment to assist in determining the spatial position;

[0019] Digital mapping: Import the tree point vector information with parameters into GIS software, and conduct digital mapping in-house in conjunction with high-precision orthophoto data;

[0020] Field verification: Through manual on-site point selection and identification, the tree species type and image color and texture characteristics are mapped and matched, and then combined with the data of ancient and famous trees in the survey area for spatial superposition and data screening, the parameters such as tree location, tree species, breast diameter, tree height, crown width, etc. in the survey area are finally mapped.

[0021] The information collected by the tree point cloud is matched with the coordinate system of the high-precision orthophoto, and then the point cloud data is preprocessed and processed, and the tree position, tree height and breast diameter information are marked and recorded through the point cloud visualization display software.

[0022] The digital mapping obtains tree locations and crown width parameters, and classifies and builds a database based on the color and texture features of the trees displayed in the orthophoto.

[0023] When used specifically, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the image acquisition of the survey area is as follows: the survey area is surveyed according to the terrain data, the take-off and landing points of the UAV equipment are selected, and then the control points are arranged in the survey area in advance according to the flight requirements of the route. The RTK equipment is used for control measurement, and then the UAV pilot carries the UAV equipment to the survey area, imports the survey area range vector into the UAV ground station software platform, and the software automatically plans and designs the route and collects the original image data.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the original image data and control point measurement results are imported through the UAV mapping software to perform visible light reconstruction. After camera parameter calibration, aerial triangulation modeling, and control point encryption optimization, the two-dimensional orthophoto reconstruction is completed.

[0025] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, tree point cloud collection: the drone pilot goes to the survey area to conduct a survey and designs a point cloud scanning route. The scanning route needs to be kept in a closed loop. The drone pilot then uses a handheld laser scanner to collect tree point cloud vectors along the direction of travel. During the collection process, the RTK device needs to be used to control the measurement along the scanning route at a fixed distance. The obtained control point information is combined with the original point cloud file, and the point cloud is pre-processed (point cloud registration, thinning, color rendering, etc.) through the LiFuser software to model and obtain the three-dimensional point cloud vector.

[0026] like Figure 5 As shown, digital mapping: visualize the three-dimensional point cloud vector through point cloud application software, map the tree points, calculate the tree diameter at breast height, measure the tree height, and then overlay and analyze the tree point vector with the tree diameter at breast height and tree height parameters with the two-dimensional orthophoto to calculate the tree crown width.

[0027] Field verification: Based on the two-dimensional orthophoto, we build various tree image texture maps. Drone pilots go to the survey area and select sample areas that meet the tree diversity to verify and record the tree image texture maps. At the same time, we collect the location data of ancient trees and famous trees provided by government agencies for verification to avoid omissions. Finally, we complete the field verification and record the classification of tree species on the two-dimensional orthophoto to obtain the final tree information overview map.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for mapping tree information in a complex growth environment, characterized by: This includes image acquisition in the survey area, using a multi-rotor drone to collect high-precision orthophotos of the forest survey area; Tree point cloud collection: use a handheld laser 3D scanner to scan the 3D point cloud along the forest corridor, and use RTK equipment to assist in determining the spatial position; Digital mapping: import the tree point vector information with parameters into GIS software, and conduct digital mapping in-house in coordination with high-precision orthophoto data; Field verification is carried out through manual on-site point selection and identification, and mapping and matching of tree species types and image color and texture characteristics are carried out. Then, spatial superposition and data of ancient and famous trees in the survey area are combined for data screening, and finally the adjustment and mapping of tree locations, tree species, breast diameter, tree height, crown width and other parameters in the survey area are completed.

2. The method for mapping tree information in a complex growth environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information collected by the tree point cloud is matched with the coordinate system of the high-precision orthophoto, and then the point cloud data is pre-processed and processed, and the tree position, tree height and breast diameter information are marked and recorded through the point cloud visualization display software.

3. The method for mapping tree information in a complex growth environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital mapping obtains tree locations and crown width parameters, and classifies and builds a database based on the color and texture features of the trees displayed in the orthophoto.

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