Sliding bearing testing machine

Abstract

The invention provides a sliding bearing testing machine, and belongs to the field of bearing testing. The sliding bearing testing machine comprises a mandrel, a loading structure and a running fit structure, the loading structure comprises a loading accessory and a loading power device, the loading accessory comprises a stress part and a connecting part, the stress part is located on the radial outer side of the mandrel, and a space for containing the running fit structure is reserved between the stress part and the mandrel; the connecting part is fixedly connected between the stress part and the mandrel, and a force transmission structure is arranged on the stress part. According to the invention, the loading power device is used for loading the sliding bearing, and the loading force is uniformly transmitted to the sliding bearing through the loading accessory, so that the end part of the sliding bearing is prevented from tilting, and the test precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of bearing testing, and in particular relates to a sliding bearing testing machine. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the gearbox of wind turbines, the bearings between the planetary gears and the pin shafts at their centers are gradually replaced by sliding bearings instead of rolling bearings. Compared with rolling bearings, sliding bearings have smaller radial dimensions, which helps to reduce the overall volume and weight of the gearbox and reduce the manufacturing cost of the gearbox.

[0003] The sliding bearings used in the planetary gears in wind turbine gearboxes need to be tested during the development and production process to verify whether their performance meets the use requirements. The sliding bearings used in the planetary gears in wind turbine gearboxes have the phenomenon of eccentric wear. Therefore, if the test results are to accurately reflect the actual use status of the sliding bearings, the actual working conditions of the sliding bearings must be reproduced during the test process.

[0004] The general structure of the wind power gearbox refers to the planetary transmission mechanism and gearbox disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with application publication number CN119289047A. The gearbox includes a ring gear, a sun gear, a planetary gear and a planet carrier. The planetary gear is located between the ring gear and the sun gear and meshes with both the ring gear and the sun gear. A pin is fixedly arranged on the planet carrier. The pin is inserted in the center of the corresponding planetary gear. A sliding bearing is fitted on the pin, and the planetary gear and the sliding bearing are in clearance. The pin can revolve around the sun gear under the drive of the planet carrier but does not rotate itself. During the revolution of the pin, the planetary gear is driven to revolve. Since the planetary gear is meshed with the ring gear, it will also rotate during its revolution, that is, relative to the sliding bearing. During the process of the pin driving the planetary gear to revolve, the pin needs to apply a force tangent to the planetary gear with its orbital trajectory. Therefore, a part of the sliding bearing is always in contact with the planetary gear and relative sliding friction occurs. This part is defined as its working area, and the part of the sliding bearing that does not contact the planetary gear is the non-working area.

[0005] The working area of ​​the sliding bearing used for the planetary gear in the wind turbine gearbox is always in the same place, which is the main reason for the eccentric wear of the sliding bearing. At present, the working mode of most bearing testers cannot reflect the eccentric wear phenomenon of sliding bearings. The main reason is that for the convenience of operation, the current bearing testers generally use the pin shaft for installing the sliding bearing to rotate actively, while the parts that rotate relative to the pin shaft are fixed. In this way, under radial load, the contact position of the sliding bearing and the parts that rotate relative to it is constantly changing, that is, its working area will keep moving along the circumference, and the sliding bearing will be subjected to relatively uniform friction along the circumference, which is inconsistent with its actual working conditions.

[0006] The Chinese invention patent application with the existing application publication number CN118961203A discloses a sliding bearing tester, which can simulate actual working conditions. The sliding bearing tester includes a base and a driving gear, a driven gear, a speed regulating assembly and a radial load simulation mechanism arranged on the base. The driving gear and the driven gear are meshed. The speed regulating assembly is used to input rotational power to the driving gear to rotate the driving gear, and the driven gear can rotate under the drive of the driving gear; a pin is penetrated through the center of the driven gear, and the sliding bearing to be tested is interference-fitted on the pin, and the sliding bearing and the driven gear are clearance-matched; the radial load simulation mechanism includes two vertically arranged oil cylinders respectively located at the axial ends of the pin, and the piston rods of the two oil cylinders are upward and connected with hinges, and the hinges on the two oil cylinders are respectively connected to the axial ends of the pin. In the sliding bearing tester, the pin does not rotate, but the driven bearing rotates, so the state of eccentric wear of the sliding bearing can be simulated. During the test, the two oil cylinders synchronously pull the two ends of the pin downward, so that a radial load can be applied to the pin to simulate the actual load condition of the sliding bearing.

[0007] During the test of the above-mentioned sliding bearing testing machine, it is necessary to ensure that the two cylinders have a high degree of synchronization. Otherwise, when the forces applied by the two cylinders deviate greatly, the sliding bearing will have different axial heights at both ends, causing the axial edge to be subjected to concentrated force and severe wear, seriously affecting the detection accuracy.

[0008] Generally, the synchronization accuracy of the cylinder is about 5%. When the loading force is large, the loading force deviation of the two cylinders will be more obvious, which makes the above phenomenon more likely to occur. However, the desire to improve the synchronization accuracy of the cylinder will lead to a sharp increase in costs, and the synchronization accuracy cannot be further improved after being controlled to a certain level, resulting in deviations that are difficult to eliminate in the test, affecting the technical development of sliding bearings. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a sliding bearing testing machine to solve the technical problem in the prior art that two oil cylinders are used to provide radial loads to sliding bearings, which results in deviations and poor accuracy of test results.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention is: A sliding bearing testing machine comprises a core shaft for installing a sliding bearing, a loading structure for radially loading the core shaft, and a rotationally fitting structure which can be sleeved on the outside of the core shaft and rotationally fitted with the outer peripheral surface of the sliding bearing, the loading structure comprises a loading accessory and a loading power device, the loading accessory comprises a force-bearing portion and a connecting portion, the force-bearing portion is located radially outside the core shaft and a space for accommodating the rotationally fitting structure is reserved between the core shaft and the core shaft, the connecting portion is fixedly connected between the force-bearing portion and the core shaft, a force transmission structure for fitting with the output end of the loading power device and bearing the radial thrust or radial pulling force applied by the loading power device is provided on the force-bearing portion, and the line of action of the loading force on the force-bearing portion passes through the central area of ​​the sliding bearing installation section on the core shaft.

[0011] As a further improvement, the force transmission structure is used to bear the thrust of the loading power device, and a ball head is provided on one of the output end of the loading power device and the force transmission structure, and a ball socket that cooperates with the ball head is provided on the other.

[0012] As a further improvement, the loading power device is located directly above the loading attachment, and the force transmission structure is used to withstand the vertical downward thrust of the loading power device.

[0013] As a further improvement, the sliding bearing testing machine also includes a rotating shaft, one axial end of the rotating shaft is provided with a transmission structure for rotational power input, and the other end is provided with a matching sleeve, the matching sleeve constitutes a rotating matching structure, one axial end of the force-bearing part is connected to the corresponding end of the core shaft through a connecting part, and the other end is in a suspended state.

[0014] As a further improvement, an oil supply channel for providing lubricating oil to the sliding bearing and the rotating mating structure is provided on the core shaft, a gap for oil drainage is left between the axial end face of the mating sleeve and the loading accessory, and at least one radially extending oil drain hole connecting the inner and outer sides of the mating sleeve is provided at the connection between the mating sleeve and the rotating shaft.

[0015] As a further improvement, the force-bearing part is a ring-shaped structure, which covers the oil drain hole. The radial clearance and axial clearance between the matching sleeve and the loading accessory and the oil drain hole are all connected, and the radial clearance constitutes a confluence channel for collecting and guiding the discharge of lubricating oil.

[0016] As a further improvement, an oil storage chamber for storing lubricating oil is provided at the center of the core shaft, the oil storage chamber is connected to the outer surfaces at both axial ends of the sliding bearing mounting section on the core shaft, and an oil drain channel for discharging the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber is provided on the loading accessory or the loading accessory and the core shaft, and the outlet of the oil drain channel is connected to the confluence channel.

[0017] As a further improvement, a center hole is axially penetrated through the center of the core shaft, and the center hole constitutes the oil storage chamber. The connecting portion closes one axial end of the center hole of the core shaft, and an oil hole extending radially and connecting the outside of the core shaft and the oil storage chamber is provided on the core shaft between the sliding bearing mounting section and the section for fixing the connecting portion. A gap is left between the axial end face of the core shaft and the axial end face of the rotating shaft for lubricating oil to flow into the mounting chamber, and the entrance of the oil leakage channel is located on an end face of the connecting portion facing the center hole of the core shaft and is connected to the center hole of the core shaft.

[0018] As a further improvement, the sliding bearing testing machine also includes a guide member for axially guiding the loading accessory during the assembly process, a guide structure is provided on the force-bearing part and cooperates with the guide member, and a limit member is detachably installed on the guide member for limiting one axial end of the assembly consisting of the loading accessory and the core shaft after the assembly is axially assembled.

[0019] As a further improvement, the force-bearing portion is a ring-shaped structure with a horizontal axis, the guiding structure is located on the lower surface of the force-bearing portion, and the force transmission structure is located on the upper surface of the force-bearing portion.

[0020] The beneficial effect is that the sliding bearing tester provided by the present invention is an improvement on the prior art. The sliding bearing tester changes the way of radially loading the sliding bearing, uses the loading attachment and the mandrel to form a structure for transmitting the loading force provided by a loading power device to the sliding bearing, and uses the structure to make the action line of the loading force pass through the central area of ​​the sliding bearing installation section on the mandrel, so that the radial load on the sliding bearing can be evenly distributed along its axial direction, avoiding one end of the sliding bearing from tilting and affecting the test accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the sliding bearing testing machine in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Example 1 of the sliding bearing testing machine in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the core shaft, the sliding bearing and the loading accessories in Example 1 of the sliding bearing testing machine of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft in Example 1 of the sliding bearing testing machine of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the loading power device in Example 1 of the sliding bearing testing machine of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a side view of the guide member in the embodiment 1 of the sliding bearing testing machine of the present invention; Figure 7A top view of a guide member in Embodiment 1 of the sliding bearing testing machine of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Example 4 of the sliding bearing testing machine in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Example 6 of the sliding bearing testing machine in the present invention; Description of reference numerals: 1. Upper seat body; 2. Lower seat body; 3. Mandrel; 31. Installation section; 32. Connection section; 33. Center hole; 4. Rotating shaft; 41. Main shaft body; 42. Matching sleeve; 5. Support bearing; 6. Sealing piece; 7. Sliding bearing; 8. Loading accessories; 81. Loading sleeve; 82. Connecting piece; 83. Pressure cover; 84. Ball socket; 9. Loading power device; 91. Loading cylinder; 92. Loading lever; 93. Ball head; 10. Guide piece; 101. Guide groove; 102. Installation hole; 11. Stop plate; 12. Limit piece; 13. Oil supply channel; 14. Oil injection channel; 15. Oil drain hole; 16. Converging channel; 17. Oil through hole; 18. Oil drain channel; 19. Wear-resistant part; 20. Bushing; 21. Driven gear; 22. Install bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0023] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the basic concept of the present invention is to use a loading power device to load the sliding bearing to improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0024] Specific embodiment 1 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: See attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The sliding bearing testing machine includes a mounting seat, a core shaft 3, a loading structure and a rotating shaft 4.

[0025] The mounting base includes an upper body 1 and a lower body 2, and the upper body 1 and the lower body 2 are fixedly connected to each other. Figure 4 The rotating shaft 4 includes a main shaft body 41, a transmission structure and a matching sleeve 42 respectively arranged at both ends of the main shaft body 41 and formed integrally with the main shaft body 41. Two sets of support bearings 5 ​​are arranged between the main shaft body 41 and the mounting seat so that the main shaft body 41 can rotate on the mounting seat. The transmission structure is used for transmission connection with the rotating power source. The rotating power source can input a rotating driving force to the main shaft body 41 through the transmission structure to rotate the main shaft body 41. When the main shaft body 41 rotates, it will drive the matching sleeve 42 to rotate together.

[0026] The outer diameter of the matching sleeve 42 is larger than the outer diameter of the main shaft body 41, so that there is a larger space inside the matching sleeve 42. A blind hole is opened in the axial direction on one end surface of the main shaft body 41 connected to the matching sleeve 42, and the blind hole is used to reduce the overall weight of the rotating shaft 4. In order to prevent lubricating oil from entering the blind hole during use, the mouth of the blind hole is blocked by a blocking member 6 after the blind hole is processed.

[0027] Combined with Figure 3 The core shaft 3 is used to install the tested sliding bearing 7. The sliding bearing 7 has an interference fit with the core shaft 3. The part of the core shaft 3 used to install the sliding bearing 7 is the sliding bearing 7 installation section 31. During the testing of the sliding bearing 7, the core shaft 3 needs to be inserted into the matching sleeve 42, and the sliding bearing 7 is completely inserted into the matching sleeve 42. A gap is left between the sliding bearing 7 and the matching sleeve 42. During the testing process, the core shaft 3 and the sliding bearing 7 are fixed and the matching sleeve 42 rotates relative to the sliding bearing 7. The matching sleeve 42 can constitute a rotating matching structure that is slidably matched with the outer surface of the sliding bearing 7.

[0028] The mounting section 31 of the sliding bearing 7 is close to the end of the mandrel 3 which is inserted into the matching sleeve 42, and the end of the mandrel 3 located outside the matching sleeve 42 serves as a connecting section 32 for connecting with the loading structure.

[0029] The loading structure includes a loading attachment 8 and a loading power device 9, wherein the loading attachment 8 is fixedly connected to the core shaft 3, and the loading power device 9 is installed on the upper seat body 1. The loading attachment 8 includes a force-bearing part and a connecting part, wherein the force-bearing part is a ring-shaped structure with a horizontal axis, and the force-bearing part is sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 3, and an annular space for accommodating the matching sleeve 42 is reserved between the force-bearing part and the core shaft 3, and a gap is reserved between the inner side surface of the force-bearing part and the outer side surface of the matching sleeve 42 after assembly. The connecting part is connected between one axial end of the force-bearing part and the connecting section 32 of the core shaft 3, and the corresponding ends of the force-bearing part and the core shaft 3 are closed.

[0030] The loading attachment 8 can be integrally processed, but in this embodiment, for the convenience of manufacturing, see the attached Figure 3 , the loading attachment 8 is divided into a loading sleeve 81, a connecting piece 82 and a pressure cap 83, wherein the main part of the loading sleeve 81 constitutes the above-mentioned force-bearing part, and the connecting piece 82 and the pressure cap 83 constitute the above-mentioned connecting part. Specifically, the connecting piece 82 is a cap-shaped structure, the connecting section 32 of the core shaft 3 is inserted into the connecting piece 82 and the two are fixedly connected by axial bolts, the connecting piece 82 is inserted at one axial end of the loading sleeve 81, the end of the loading sleeve 81 used for connecting with the connecting piece 82 is provided with an inverted edge, the mouth of the connecting piece 82 is provided with an outverted edge for limiting the inverted edge on the axial inner side, the pressure cap 83 is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting piece 82 axially away from the core shaft 3 by bolts, the diameter of the pressure cap 83 is larger than the diameter of the connecting piece 82, and the edge of the pressure cap 83 can limit the axial outer side of the loading sleeve 81.

[0031] In this embodiment, the loading sleeve 81 and the connecting piece 82 are nested inside and outside, and the connecting piece 82 and the core shaft 3 are also nested inside and outside, which can better transmit the radial force between the three. Compared with simply connecting with bolts, the force transmission is more stable and reliable, and can ensure that higher test accuracy can be obtained even under larger loads.

[0032] See attached Figure 5 The loading power device 9 includes a loading cylinder 91 and a loading lever 92. The loading cylinder 91 is fixedly mounted on the upper seat 1 and its piston rod faces downward. The upper end of the loading lever 92 is fixed to the piston rod of the loading cylinder 91, and the lower end acts on the loading sleeve 81. The lower end of the loading lever 92 is the output end of the loading power device 9. The upper side of the loading sleeve 81 is provided with a force transmission structure for cooperating with the output end of the loading power device 9. The force transmission structure is specifically a ball socket 84. The lower end of the loading lever 92 is provided with a ball head 93 embedded and matched with the ball socket 84. Both the ball socket 84 and the ball head 93 are hemispherical structures.

[0033] The piston rod of the loading cylinder 91 extends, and the loading lever 92 moves downward, thereby applying a vertical downward thrust to the loading sleeve 81, and the thrust is also directed toward the axis of the loading sleeve 81. Since the thrust is downward, the gravity of the loading attachment 8 and the mandrel 3 is also downward, so the combined force of the loading attachment 8, the mandrel 3 and the sliding bearing 7 is downward, so that the lower side of the sliding bearing 7 will contact the inner side of the matching sleeve 42, and the part of the sliding bearing 7 that contacts the matching sleeve 42 is its working area, and the rest is the non-working area.

[0034] The cooperation between the ball socket 84 and the ball head 93 can make the thrust force precisely converge to a point at the bottom of the ball socket 84, thereby improving the loading accuracy. When there is a slight deviation in the installation of the loading power device 9, the cooperation between the ball socket 84 and the ball head 93 can automatically correct the installation deviation, so that the force application point is still at the bottom of the ball socket 84.

[0035] By setting the ball socket 84 on the loading sleeve 81 , the loading sleeve 81 can be conveniently formed by machining. In other implementations of this embodiment, the ball socket 84 can also be set at the lower end of the loading rod 92 and the ball head 93 can be set on the loading sleeve 81 .

[0036] In this embodiment, the setting position of the ball socket 84 corresponds to the axial center area of ​​the installation section 31 of the sliding bearing 7 in the axial direction, so that the line of action of the loading force on the loading sleeve 81 will pass through the axial center area of ​​the installation section 31 of the sliding bearing 7, thereby ensuring that the force on the working area of ​​the sliding bearing 7 is uniform, and avoiding the phenomenon that the core shaft 3 rises after the force is deflected and only the axial end of the sliding bearing 7 contacts the matching sleeve 42.

[0037] Before the test, the sliding bearing 7 needs to be assembled onto the mandrel 3, and then the mandrel 3 is connected to the loading attachment 8, and finally the assembly consisting of the sliding bearing 7, the mandrel 3 and the loading attachment 8 is moved axially to be assembled with the rotating shaft 4. A guide 10 is fixedly mounted on the lower seat 2, and the guide 10 is used to axially guide the assembly during the axial movement of the loading attachment 8, the mandrel 3 and the sliding bearing 7, and a guide structure that cooperates with the guide 10 is provided on the loading sleeve 81.

[0038] Specifically, see Appendix Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 A rectangular guide groove 101 is provided on the guide member 10, and the guide structure on the loading sleeve 81 is a rectangular strip protrusion adapted to the guide groove 101. The cooperation between the guide structure and the guide groove 101 can not only realize the guidance of the loading sleeve 81 by the guide member 10, but also position the loading sleeve 81 in the circumferential direction to prevent the loading accessory 8 from rotating.

[0039] The guide member 10 is provided with a mounting hole 102 at the bottom of the guide groove 101, and a countersunk bolt threadedly connected to the lower seat body 2 is provided in the mounting hole 102, and the guide member 10 can be fixedly connected to the lower seat body 2 by the countersunk bolt. The two end surfaces of the guide member 10 in the guiding direction of the loading attachment 8 are fixedly connected with stopper plates 11 by bolts, and the stopper plates 11 are located on both sides of the pedestal on the lower seat body 2 for mounting the guide member 10 and cooperate with the pedestal to prevent the guide member 10 from moving.

[0040] A limiting member 12 is detachably provided in the guide groove 101 by means of bolts. The limiting member 12 is located at one end of the loading accessory 8 away from the rotating shaft 4 and limits the end to prevent the loading accessory 8 from axial movement.

[0041] Lubricating oil is used to reduce friction and wear between the sliding bearing 7 and the matching sleeve 42, and the lubricating oil is always in a flowing state, using dynamic pressure to maintain a certain distance between the sliding bearing 7 and the matching sleeve 42. The flowing lubricating oil can also take away the friction heat and friction debris generated by the relative rotation of the sliding bearing 7 and the matching sleeve 42.

[0042] The core shaft 3 is provided with an oil supply channel 13 for supplying lubricating oil between the sliding bearing 7 and the matching sleeve 42. The oil supply channel 13 includes an annular groove and a plurality of branches arranged at intervals along the circumference of the core shaft 3 and extending axially. One end of the branch is connected to the oil outlet hole on the sliding bearing 7 through a radial hole, and the other end of the branch is connected to the annular groove through a radial hole. The annular groove is provided on the connecting section 32 of the core shaft 3. Since the connecting section 32 is inserted into the connecting member 82, the side wall surface of the annular groove and the inner side surface of the connecting member 82 together form a channel for the circumferential flow of lubricating oil.

[0043] The loading attachment 8 is provided with an oil injection channel 14 for injecting lubricating oil into the annular groove. The oil injection channel 14 is distributed on both the connecting piece 82 and the loading sleeve 81, and the inlet of the oil injection channel 14, i.e., the oil injection port, is arranged on the axial end face of the loading sleeve 81. The axial end face of the loading sleeve 81 is a plane, so the oil injection operation can be facilitated.

[0044] The oil outlet hole on the sliding bearing 7 is located in the middle thereof. After the lubricating oil enters between the sliding bearing 7 and the matching sleeve 42, it flows to the axial ends of the sliding bearing 7 under the action of pressure and is finally discharged.

[0045] There is also a gap between the end of the matching sleeve 42 that extends into the loading attachment 8 and the loading attachment 8, so the lubricating oil flowing out of this end can flow out from the gap between the matching sleeve 42 and the loading attachment 8. The connection between the matching sleeve 42 and the rotating shaft 4 is provided with a plurality of oil drain holes 15 that are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, extend in the radial direction, and communicate with the inside and outside of the matching sleeve 42, and the lubricating oil at this end is discharged from the oil drain holes 15.

[0046] The end of the loading sleeve 81 away from the connecting piece 82 protrudes axially from the corresponding end of the core shaft 3, and after assembly, this end of the loading sleeve 81 covers the oil drain hole 15. In this way, on the one hand, the lubricating oil flowing out of the gap between the axial end face of the matching sleeve 42 and the loading accessory 8 and the lubricating oil flowing out of the oil drain hole 15 can all flow into the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the matching sleeve 42 and the inner peripheral surface of the loading sleeve 81, and finally flow out uniformly from one end of the opening of the loading accessory 8, which is convenient for collecting the used lubricating oil. The gap between the outer peripheral surface of the matching sleeve 42 and the inner peripheral surface of the loading sleeve 81 constitutes a confluence channel 16; on the other hand, the center of gravity of the loading accessory 8, the core shaft 3 and the sliding bearing 7 as a whole can be adjusted so that the center of gravity approaches the axial center area of ​​the mounting section 31 of the sliding bearing 7.

[0047] However, the above structure alone cannot meet the normal use requirements for discharging lubricating oil. In this embodiment, a center hole 33 is axially penetrated at the center position of the core shaft 3, and the connecting piece 82 closes one end of the center hole 33. The core shaft 3 is provided with a plurality of oil holes 17 extending radially and arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. A gap is left between the end of the sliding bearing 7 close to the loading attachment 8 and the loading attachment 8. The oil hole 17 corresponds to the gap and can guide the lubricating oil in the gap into the center hole 33. A gap is left between the end face of the core shaft 3 inserted into the matching sleeve 42 and the end face of the main shaft body 41 of the rotating shaft 4, and the gap can guide the lubricating oil therein to the center hole 33 of the core shaft 3.

[0048] The center hole 33 of the mandrel 3 can be used as an oil storage chamber for temporarily storing lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil entering the oil storage chamber is discharged through the oil drain channel 18. The oil drain channel 18 is arranged on the connecting member 82, and its inlet is located on one end face of the connecting member 82 facing the center hole 33 of the mandrel 3 and is connected to the center hole 33 of the mandrel 3, and its outlet is connected to the confluence channel 16. The oil drain channel 18 is formed on the connecting member 82 by machining. Since the structure of the oil drain channel 18 is tortuous, a through hole for forming the oil drain channel 18 is first machined on the connecting member 82 during machining, and then one end of the through hole is blocked to form the final oil drain channel 18.

[0049] In this way, the lubricating oil at both ends of the sliding bearing 7 can not only flow radially outward, but also flow radially inward, which actually increases the flow channel of the lubricating oil, thereby ensuring the smooth flow of the lubricating oil. Of course, in other embodiments, only the channel for the lubricating oil to flow radially outward or only the channel for the lubricating oil to flow radially inward can be set as needed.

[0050] A wear-resistant part 19 is fixedly installed on the axial end face of the connecting part 82 close to the matching sleeve 42 by bolts. The wear-resistant part 19 can be made of a softer copper material. The wear-resistant part 19 can withstand the axial force from the matching sleeve 42. During the process of the lubricating oil being retained at this location, the wear-resistant part 19 can be lubricated by the way. However, the wear-resistant part 19 generally does not rub against the matching sleeve 42, so it is not lubricated separately.

[0051] The method of testing the sliding bearing 7 using the sliding bearing testing machine is as follows: First, the sliding bearing 7 to be tested is installed on the mandrel 3. At this time, the mandrel 3 and the loading attachment 8 are both in a scattered and unassembled state. The sliding bearing 7 is expanded by heating, and then it is sleeved on the mandrel 3. After the sliding bearing 7 is sleeved on the mandrel 3, the positioning pin is passed through the oil outlet hole on the sliding bearing 7 and the corresponding hole on the mandrel 3 to position the sliding bearing 7 in the circumferential direction and the axial direction. Finally, after the sliding bearing 7 is cooled, an interference fit is formed with the mandrel 3, and the positioning pin is removed.

[0052] Then the core shaft 3 , the connecting piece 82 , the loading sleeve 81 and the pressure cover 83 are assembled together. During the assembly process, the sensor for testing parameters such as temperature is also installed in the loading accessory 8 .

[0053] Then, the assembly consisting of the sliding bearing 7, the mandrel 3 and the loading attachment 8 is assembled with the rotating shaft 4. The specific assembly process is to first install the guide member on the lower seat body 2, then place the above assembly on the guide member, and then push the above assembly axially. When the above assembly needs to be matched with the rotating shaft 4, the above assembly is slightly lifted upward, and after the above assembly is aligned with the hole position of the matching sleeve 42 on the rotating shaft 4, the above assembly is continuously pushed axially to complete the assembly. After assembly, there is a gap between the lower side end surface of the loading sleeve 81 and the bottom surface of the guide groove 101 to facilitate loading.

[0054] After that, other preparations before the test are performed, such as connecting the oil supply pipeline, connecting the rotation power source, and inserting the ball head 93 on the loading rod 92 into the ball socket 84 on the loading sleeve 81. After completing the above preparations, the shaft 4 can be made to rotate, and the loading sleeve 81 can be gradually loaded by the loading power device 9. After the loading reaches the set value, the loading is stopped, and the test of the sliding bearing 7 can be started.

[0055] Specific embodiment 2 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and differs from Embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, the lower end of the loading lever is hinged to the loading sleeve via a pin, so that the pin can also play a role in gathering the loading force, but the pin needs to be manually assembled during the assembly process.

[0056] Specific embodiment 3 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and the difference from the first embodiment is that the lower end of the loading lever in this embodiment is hinged to the loading sleeve through a pin, and during loading, the loading cylinder pulls the loading lever upward, thereby causing the loading sleeve to be pulled upward. In the loading mode of this embodiment, the upper side of the sliding bearing contacts the matching sleeve, so the working area of ​​the sliding bearing is on its upper side.

[0057] In other implementations of this embodiment, the loading power device may also be disposed below or on a horizontal side of the loading accessory to apply pulling forces in other directions to the loading accessory.

[0058] Specific embodiment 4 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and differs from Embodiment 1 in that the force-bearing portion in this embodiment is not a ring-shaped structure but a cantilever structure.

[0059] For the specific structure, please refer to the attached Figure 8 In this embodiment, the loading accessory 8 is an integrated structure, the connecting portion of the loading accessory 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the core shaft 3 by bolts, the force-bearing portion is suspended above the core shaft 3, and the force transmission structure is arranged on the upper surface of the receiving portion.

[0060] Specific embodiment 5 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and differs from Embodiment 1 in that the matching sleeve in this embodiment is not driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is only used to enable the matching sleeve to rotate relative to the mounting seat.

[0061] In this embodiment, a driven gear is fixedly mounted outside the matching sleeve, a driving gear meshing with the driven gear is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat, and the driving gear is transmission-connected with the rotating power source, and the matching sleeve is driven to rotate by gear transmission. In order to achieve this method, the loading sleeve in this embodiment has a larger diameter to accommodate the driven gear, and a window for the driving gear to pass through is opened on the horizontal side of the loading sleeve, the central axis of the driving gear is located outside the loading sleeve, and one side of the driving gear passes through the window to mesh with the driven gear.

[0062] Specific embodiment 6 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and the difference from embodiment 1 is that, see attached Fig. 9 The rotating matching structure in this embodiment is a shaft sleeve 20, on the outside of which a driven gear 21 is fixedly installed, and on the mounting seat is a driving gear rotatably installed which meshes with the driven gear 21 and is located on the horizontal side of the driven gear 21. The driving gear is transmission-connected to the rotating power source, thereby utilizing gear transmission to drive the shaft sleeve 20 to rotate.

[0063] Both ends of the sleeve 20 are provided with mounting bearings 22 for mounting and supporting the sleeve 20. The mounting bearings 22 are installed between the upper seat body 1 and the lower seat body 2. The installation form of the sleeve 20 is similar to that in the invention patent with application publication number CN118961203A, and will not be repeated here.

[0064] The core shaft 3 is inserted into the shaft sleeve 20 , and the sliding bearing 7 used for testing is installed in the middle of the core shaft 3 . The sliding bearing 7 is completely located in the shaft sleeve 20 , and both axial ends of the core shaft 3 extend out of the shaft sleeve 20 .

[0065] The loading attachment 8 in this embodiment is a U-shaped piece as a whole, and the U-shaped piece includes a horizontally extending force-bearing part located in the middle, and connecting parts located at both ends of the force-bearing part and extending vertically. The upper ends of the two connecting parts are respectively fixedly connected to the axial ends of the core shaft 3. The U-shaped piece can be divided into several detachable parts according to installation needs, which will not be described in detail. The lower seat body 2 is provided with an avoidance opening for avoiding the force-bearing part of the U-shaped piece, so that the force-bearing part can move up and down.

[0066] The force-bearing part is located below the core shaft 3, and the force transmission structure is arranged at the center position of the lower side of the force-bearing part, specifically a hinge seat and a hinge pin installed on the hinge seat, and the loading power device 9 is arranged below the force-bearing part and is hinged to the force-bearing part through the hinge pin. The loading power device 9 pulls the force-bearing part downward, and can apply a downward pulling force to the force-bearing part. Moreover, since the force transmission structure is arranged in the center, the force finally loaded on the sliding bearing 7 is distributed more evenly.

[0067] The oil supply and oil discharge channels in the core shaft 3 in this embodiment can refer to the oil supply and oil discharge channels in the invention patent with application publication number CN118961203A, and will not be described in detail.

[0068] Specific embodiment 7 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and differs from Embodiment 1 in that the force-bearing portion in this embodiment does not cover the oil drain hole, so no confluence channel is formed. In this embodiment, a larger collection box is provided under the core shaft to collect the lubricating oil.

[0069] Specific embodiment 8 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and differs from Embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, the center hole on the core shaft does not penetrate the core shaft, the opening of the center hole is located on the end of the core shaft inserted into the matching sleeve, and the end of the core shaft inserted into the connecting piece is a closed structure.

[0070] Specific embodiment 9 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and differs from Embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, the opening of the oil leakage channel is arranged on the core shaft, and the oil leakage channel first passes through the core shaft and then passes through the loading accessory.

[0071] Specific embodiment 10 of the sliding bearing testing machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and differs from Embodiment 1 in that no guide is provided in this embodiment, and the assembly consisting of the loading attachment, the core shaft and the sliding bearing is assembled by hoisting.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding bearing testing machine, comprising a mandrel for mounting a sliding bearing, a loading structure for radially loading the mandrel, and a rotational matching structure that can be sleeved on the outside of the mandrel and rotationally matched with the outer peripheral surface of the sliding bearing, wherein: The loading structure includes a loading accessory and a loading power device. The loading accessory includes a force-bearing part and a connecting part. The force-bearing part is located on the radial outside of the core shaft and a space is left between the core shaft for accommodating a rotating matching structure. The connecting part is fixedly connected between the force-bearing part and the core shaft. The force-bearing part is provided with a force transmission structure for cooperating with the output end of the loading power device and bearing the radial thrust or radial pulling force applied by the loading power device. The line of action of the loading force on the force-bearing part passes through the central area of ​​the sliding bearing installation section on the core shaft.

2. The sliding bearing testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force transmission structure is used to bear the top thrust of the loading power device. A ball head is arranged on one of the output end of the loading power device and the force transmission structure, and a ball socket matched with the ball head is arranged on the other end.

3. The sliding bearing testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading power device is located directly above the loading attachment, and the force transmission structure is used to withstand the vertical downward thrust of the loading power device.

4. The sliding bearing testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sliding bearing testing machine also includes a rotating shaft, one axial end of the rotating shaft is provided with a transmission structure for rotating power input, and the other end is provided with a matching sleeve, the matching sleeve constitutes a rotating matching structure, one axial end of the force-bearing part is connected to the corresponding end of the core shaft through a connecting part, and the other end is in a suspended state.

5. The sliding bearing testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: An oil supply channel for providing lubricating oil to the sliding bearing and the rotating matching structure is provided on the core shaft. A gap for oil drainage is left between the axial end face of the matching sleeve and the loading accessory. At least one radially extending oil drain hole connecting the inner and outer sides of the matching sleeve is provided at the connection between the matching sleeve and the rotating shaft.

6. The sliding bearing testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The force-bearing part is a ring-shaped structure, which covers the oil drain hole. The radial clearance between the matching sleeve and the loading accessory is connected with the axial clearance and the oil drain hole, and the radial clearance constitutes a confluence channel for collecting and guiding the discharge of lubricating oil.

7. The sliding bearing testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: An oil storage chamber for storing lubricating oil is arranged at the center of the core shaft, and the oil storage chamber is communicated with the outer surfaces at both axial ends of the sliding bearing mounting section on the core shaft. An oil drain channel for discharging the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber is arranged on the loading accessory or the loading accessory and the core shaft, and the outlet of the oil drain channel is communicated with the confluence channel.

8. The sliding bearing testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A center hole is axially penetrated through the center of the core shaft, and the center hole constitutes the oil storage chamber. The connecting portion closes one axial end of the center hole of the core shaft. An oil through hole extending radially and connecting the outside of the core shaft and the oil storage chamber is provided on the core shaft between the sliding bearing installation section and the section for fixing the connecting portion. A gap is left between the axial end face of the core shaft and the axial end face of the rotating shaft for lubricating oil to flow into the installation chamber. The entrance of the oil leakage channel is located on one end face of the connecting portion facing the center hole of the core shaft and is connected to the center hole of the core shaft.

9. The sliding bearing testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding bearing testing machine also includes a guide member for axially guiding the loading accessory during the assembly process, a guide structure that cooperates with the guide member is provided on the force-bearing part, and a limit member is detachably installed on the guide member for limiting one axial end of the assembly consisting of the loading accessory and the core shaft after the assembly is axially assembled.

10. The sliding bearing testing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The force-bearing part is a ring-shaped structure with a horizontal axis, the guiding structure is located on the lower surface of the force-bearing part, and the force transmission structure is located on the upper surface of the force-bearing part.

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