Fire safety management simulation system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting management, and discloses a fire-fighting safety management simulation system and method. The invention discloses a fire safety management simulation method. The method comprises the steps of 1, collecting environment layout information of a fire safety management target building; step 2, according to the environment layout information of the target building, creating a fire simulation model on fire simulation software, and setting model scene parameters; 3, operating the fire simulation software, and collecting environment information data in the target building simulation model scene in the simulation operation process; 4, acquiring an escape route and safe evacuation time by analyzing the environment information data; and 5, making an escape drill plan according to the escape route obtained in the step 4. According to the method, the personnel evacuation strategy can be formulated in a targeted manner according to the complex structure of the building, and the evacuation strategy is reasonably adjusted and optimized in combination with drilling and drilling evaluation in consideration of the factors of the familiarity of the personnel to the evacuation channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire protection management, and in particular to a fire protection safety management simulation system and method. Background Art

[0002] Fire safety management is a comprehensive concept that covers a series of activities to prevent fires, reduce fire hazards, and protect personal and property safety. These activities include but are not limited to formulating fire safety systems, conducting fire safety education and training, conducting fire safety inspections, maintaining fire protection facilities, and formulating and implementing emergency plans.

[0003] Fire safety drills are one of the important means to achieve the goal of fire safety management. They are designed to test and improve the emergency response capabilities of units or places by simulating fire scenes, including the self-rescue and mutual rescue capabilities of employees, the ability to start and use firefighting facilities, and the firefighting and rescue capabilities of firefighting teams. Through drills, problems and deficiencies in fire safety management can be discovered and corrected in a timely manner, emergency plans and handling processes can be further improved, and the overall fire safety level can be improved. Through regular fire safety drills, we can continuously improve our ability and level to deal with emergencies such as fires, and provide a more solid guarantee for the safety of life and property.

[0004] An effective evacuation strategy can ensure that personnel can evacuate to a safe area quickly and orderly in emergency situations such as fires, thereby minimizing casualties. However, as the floor structure of buildings becomes increasingly complex, existing fire safety drills make it difficult to develop a reasonable evacuation strategy based on the complex structure of buildings and the familiarity of personnel in buildings with various evacuation routes. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire safety management simulation system and method to solve the above technical problems:

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fire safety management simulation method, comprising:

[0008] Step 1: Collect the environmental layout information of the target building for fire safety management;

[0009] Step 2: Create a fire simulation model on the fire simulation software according to the environmental layout information of the target building, and set the model scene parameters;

[0010] Step 3: Run the fire simulation software and collect environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation;

[0011] Step 4: Obtain escape routes and safe evacuation time by analyzing environmental information data;

[0012] Step 5: Develop an escape drill plan based on the escape route obtained in step 4;

[0013] Step 6: Organize the drill according to the escape drill plan and collect escape-related data of the drill participants during the drill;

[0014] Step seven, evaluate the escape drill based on the escape-related data collected from the drill participants, and adjust and optimize the escape route based on the evaluation results.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the model scene parameters set include:

[0016] Physical model parameters, including the structure, materials, and equipment layout of the target building;

[0017] Condition parameters, including ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, and natural wind direction;

[0018] Define fire source parameters, including the preset location information of the fire source, the type of fire source, and the release rate of the fire source;

[0019] Fire protection system parameters, including evacuation route location information, emergency exit location information, and fire protection equipment location information.

[0020] As a further technical solution, the process of obtaining the safe evacuation time includes:

[0021] Monitor temperature, CO2 concentration and visibility of emergency exits in a simulation model of a target building;

[0022] When any of the temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and visibility at the safety exit exceeds the threshold set according to the human body's tolerance, the evacuation cutoff point is marked; the time from the fire simulation software running to the evacuation cutoff point is used as the safe evacuation time.

[0023] As a further technical solution, the process of obtaining the escape route includes:

[0024] S1. Preset multiple alternative routes by combining evacuation channels according to the preset location information of the fire source, the location information of the evacuation channel, and the location information of the emergency exit;

[0025] S2. Acquire environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation, the environmental information data including fire spread trend, smoke diffusion speed and smoke concentration distribution;

[0026] S3. Calculate and analyze the preference of each alternative route based on the environmental information data, and select the alternative route whose preference meets the preset standard as the escape route.

[0027] As a further technical solution, the process of calculating and analyzing the preference of each alternative route based on the environmental information data includes:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, ω1, ω2, ω3 are the preset first weight coefficients; w i is the preset second weight coefficient; s is the total length of the backup route; d min is the shortest distance from the fire source to the backup route; b is the average width of the backup route; f is the dynamic data evaluation value; x i are the influencing parameters, including: the average temperature of each section of the backup route during the safe evacuation time, the average smoke carbon concentration, and the average smoke diffusion speed; z is the preset adjustment coefficient;

[0030] The preference level parameter P of each alternative route is calculated using formulas (1) to (2).

[0031] As a further technical solution, the process of selecting alternative routes that meet the preset criteria includes:

[0032] The priority parameter P of each alternative route is compared with the preset standard value P st To compare:

[0033] If P>P st , then the corresponding alternative route is used as the escape route;

[0034] If P≤P st , the corresponding alternative route will not be used as an escape route.

[0035] As a further technical solution, the process of collecting escape-related data of drill participants includes:

[0036] Multiple surveillance cameras are installed on each escape route to capture video information data of the evacuation passage;

[0037] A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the escape route selection of the drill participants and the time it took for the drill participants to evacuate through the selected escape route.

[0038] As a further technical solution, the process of evaluating the escape drill includes:

[0039] By formula Calculate and obtain the evaluation coefficient E of each escape route during the drill;

[0040] Wherein, σ1, σ2, σ3 are the preset third weight coefficients; m is the number of times the escape route is selected; The average evacuation time of the drill participants who selected the corresponding escape route;

[0041] The evaluation coefficient E of the escape route is compared with the preset threshold E th To compare:

[0042] If E>E th , then the corresponding escape route is taken as the best escape route;

[0043] If E≤E th , then the corresponding escape route is not the best escape route;

[0044] If the evaluation coefficient E of each escape route does not exceed the preset value E th , then reassemble the evacuation channels to obtain the preset alternative routes, and execute steps S2 to S3.

[0045] A fire safety management simulation system, comprising:

[0046] A model building module, used to build a simulation model on the fire simulation software according to the environmental layout information of the target building;

[0047] A simulation information acquisition module is used to collect environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation;

[0048] Decision-making module, used to analyze environmental information data to obtain escape routes and safe evacuation time;

[0049] The drill module includes a data acquisition unit, a drill evaluation unit and an optimization unit; the data acquisition module is used to collect escape-related data of the drill participants; the drill evaluation unit is used to evaluate the escape drill in combination with the collected escape-related data of the drill participants; the optimization unit is used to adjust and optimize the escape route according to the evaluation results.

[0050] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0051] The present invention establishes a fire simulation model according to the environmental layout information of the target building, and guides it to the fire simulation software, outputs the escape route and safe evacuation time, and then formulates an escape drill plan according to the escape route, and then adjusts and optimizes the escape route through analysis and evaluation of the drill. Therefore, the present invention can not only formulate a personnel evacuation strategy in a targeted manner according to the complex structure of the building, but also consider the factor of the personnel's familiarity with the evacuation passage, and reasonably adjust and optimize the evacuation strategy in combination with drills and drill evaluations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the fire safety management simulation method in the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the contents of the fire safety management simulation system in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] See also Figure 1 As shown, a fire safety management simulation method includes:

[0057] Step 1: Collect environmental layout information of the target building for fire safety management.

[0058] Step 2: Create a fire simulation model on the fire simulation software based on the environmental layout information of the target building and set the model scene parameters.

[0059] Step 3: Run the fire simulation software, and collect environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation. The fire simulation software can specifically use FSD (Fire Dynamics Simulator), which is an existing software tool and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] Step 4: Obtain escape routes and safe evacuation time by analyzing environmental information data.

[0061] Step 5: Develop an escape drill plan based on the escape routes obtained in step 4.

[0062] Step 6. Organize the drill according to the escape drill plan and collect escape-related data from the drill participants during the drill.

[0063] Step seven, evaluate the escape drill based on the escape-related data collected from the drill participants, and adjust and optimize the escape route based on the evaluation results.

[0064] Through the above technical scheme, this embodiment provides a fire safety management simulation method, which combines fire simulation software and personnel escape drills to form an efficient, safe and practical fire emergency training model. Specifically, a fire simulation model is established based on the environmental layout information of the target building, and it is led to the fire simulation software to output the escape route and safe evacuation time, and then an escape drill plan is formulated according to the escape route, and then the escape route is adjusted and optimized through analysis and evaluation of the drill. Therefore, the technical scheme can not only formulate personnel evacuation strategies in a targeted manner according to the complex structure of the building, but also take into account the factors of personnel's familiarity with the evacuation passages, and reasonably adjust and optimize the evacuation strategy in combination with drills and drill evaluations.

[0065] The model scene parameters to be set include:

[0066] Physical model parameters, including the structure, materials, and equipment layout of the target building;

[0067] Condition parameters, including ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, and natural wind direction;

[0068] Define the fire source parameters, including the preset location information of the fire source, the type of fire source, and the release rate of the fire source. The spatial layout of the building has an important influence on the preset location of the fire source. For example, in a high-rise building, the fire source may be preset on a lower floor or near a stairwell to simulate the vertical spread of the fire. In a multi-story building, the fire source may be preset in a corridor or inside a room to evaluate the horizontal spread.

[0069] Fire protection system parameters, including evacuation route location information, emergency exit location information, and fire protection equipment location information.

[0070] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment provides the specific content of the model scene parameters.

[0071] The process of obtaining safe evacuation time includes:

[0072] Monitor temperature, CO2 concentration and visibility of emergency exits in a simulation model of a target building;

[0073] When any of the temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and visibility at the safety exit exceeds the threshold set according to the human body's tolerance, the evacuation cutoff point is marked; the time from the fire simulation software running to the evacuation cutoff point is used as the safe evacuation time.

[0074] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a process for obtaining the safe evacuation time. Specifically, the temperature and carbon dioxide concentration of the safety exit in the simulation model are monitored. When any one of the temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and visibility of the safety exit exceeds the threshold set according to the human body's tolerance, it is the evacuation deadline time point. It should be noted that the threshold set according to the human body's tolerance can be obtained based on empirical data and environmental data (personnel evacuation speed, fire spread speed of special fire sources).

[0075] The process of obtaining an escape route includes:

[0076] S1. Preset multiple alternative routes by combining evacuation channels according to the preset location information of the fire source, the location information of the evacuation channel, and the location information of the emergency exit;

[0077] S2. Acquire environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation, the environmental information data including fire spread trend, smoke diffusion speed and smoke concentration distribution;

[0078] S3. Calculate and analyze the preference of each alternative route based on the environmental information data, and select the alternative route whose preference meets the preset standard as the escape route.

[0079] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a process for obtaining an escape route. It should be noted that the alternative route specifically has the structure of each channel of the building and is obtained by combining the evacuation channels.

[0080] The process of calculating and analyzing the preference of each alternative route based on environmental information data includes:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, ω1, ω2, ω3 are the preset first weight coefficients, w i is the preset second weight coefficient, which is obtained based on empirical data and is affected by uncertain factors such as floor structure, so it will not be elaborated here; s is the total length of the backup route; d min is the shortest distance from the fire source to the backup route; b is the average width of the backup route; f is the dynamic data evaluation value; x i are the influencing parameters, including: the average temperature of each section of the backup route during the safe evacuation time, the average smoke carbon concentration, and the average smoke diffusion speed; z is the preset adjustment coefficient;

[0083] The preference level parameter P of each alternative route is calculated using formulas (1) to (2).

[0084] The process of selecting alternative routes that meet the preset criteria includes:

[0085] The priority parameter P of each alternative route is compared with the preset standard value P st To compare:

[0086] If P>P st , then the corresponding alternative route is used as the escape route;

[0087] If P≤P st , the corresponding alternative route will not be used as an escape route.

[0088] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a process for calculating and analyzing the preference of each alternative route. Specifically, the preference level parameter P of each alternative route is calculated by formulas (1) to (2). The higher the preference level parameter, the more suitable the alternative route is as an escape route. st , the corresponding alternative route is used as the escape route; if all alternative routes cannot satisfy P>P st , then the evacuation passages are reassembled according to the actual structure of the building to obtain the pre-equipment selected route.

[0089] The process of collecting escape-related data of drill participants includes:

[0090] Multiple surveillance cameras are set up on each escape route, and the surveillance cameras capture video information data of the evacuation channel. Through the video information data, the organizers of the fire safety drill can evaluate the behavior of personnel evacuation and the use of firefighting tools. The escape route selection of the drill participants and the time spent by the drill participants to evacuate through the selected escape route are obtained through a questionnaire survey. Through the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a process for collecting escape-related data of the drill participants.

[0091] The process for evaluating an escape drill includes:

[0092] By formula Calculate and obtain the evaluation coefficient E of each escape route during the drill;

[0093] Among them, σ1, σ2, σ3 are the preset third weight coefficients, which can be obtained according to experimental fitting; m is the number of times the escape route is selected; The average evacuation time of the drill participants who selected the corresponding escape route;

[0094] The evaluation coefficient E of the escape route is compared with the preset threshold E th To compare:

[0095] If E>E th , then the corresponding escape route is taken as the best escape route;

[0096] If E≤E th, then the corresponding escape route is not the best escape route;

[0097] If the evaluation coefficient E of each escape route does not exceed the preset value E th , then reassemble the evacuation channels to obtain the preset alternative routes, and execute steps S2 to S3.

[0098] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a process for evaluating the escape drill. Specifically, firstly, the formula Calculate the evaluation coefficient E of each escape route during the drill, and then compare the evaluation coefficient E of the escape route with the preset threshold E th Compare: If E>E th , the corresponding escape route is taken as the best escape route. It should be noted that if the evaluation coefficient E of each escape route does not exceed the preset value E th , then reassemble the evacuation channels to obtain the preset alternative routes, and execute steps S2 to S3.

[0099] See also Figure 2 As shown, a fire safety management simulation system includes:

[0100] A model building module, used to build a simulation model on the fire simulation software according to the environmental layout information of the target building;

[0101] A simulation information acquisition module is used to collect environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation;

[0102] Decision-making module, used to analyze environmental information data to obtain escape routes and safe evacuation time;

[0103] The drill module includes a data acquisition unit, a drill evaluation unit and an optimization unit; the data acquisition module is used to collect escape-related data of the drill participants; the drill evaluation unit is used to evaluate the escape drill in combination with the collected escape-related data of the drill participants; the optimization unit is used to adjust and optimize the escape route according to the evaluation results.

[0104] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a fire safety management simulation system. Specifically, a fire simulation model is established according to the environmental layout information of the target building, and it is imported into the fire simulation software, and the escape route and safe evacuation time are output. An escape drill plan is formulated according to the escape route, and then the escape route is adjusted and optimized through analysis and evaluation of the drill. The system can not only formulate personnel evacuation strategies according to the complex structure of the building, but also consider the factors of personnel's familiarity with the evacuation passage, and reasonably adjust and optimize the evacuation strategy in combination with drills and drill evaluations.

[0105] The present invention may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present invention.

[0106] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be interpreted as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0107] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0108] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire safety management simulation method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step 1: Collect the environmental layout information of the target building for fire safety management; Step 2: Create a fire simulation model on the fire simulation software according to the environmental layout information of the target building, and set the model scene parameters; Step 3: Run the fire simulation software and collect environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation; Step 4: Obtain escape routes and safe evacuation time by analyzing environmental information data; Step 5: Develop an escape drill plan based on the escape route obtained in step 4; Step 6: Organize the drill according to the escape drill plan and collect escape-related data of the drill participants during the drill; Step seven, evaluate the escape drill based on the escape-related data collected from the drill participants, and adjust and optimize the escape route based on the evaluation results.

2. A fire safety management simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model scene parameters to be set include: Physical model parameters, including the structure, materials, and equipment layout of the target building; Condition parameters, including ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, and natural wind direction; Define fire source parameters, including the preset location information of the fire source, the type of fire source, and the release rate of the fire source; Fire protection system parameters, including evacuation route location information, emergency exit location information, and fire protection equipment location information.

3. A fire safety management simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining safe evacuation time includes: Monitor temperature, CO2 concentration and visibility of emergency exits in a simulation model of a target building; When any of the temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and visibility at the safety exit exceeds the threshold set according to the human body's tolerance, the evacuation cutoff point is marked; the time from the fire simulation software running to the evacuation cutoff point is used as the safe evacuation time.

4. A fire safety management simulation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of obtaining an escape route includes: S1. Preset multiple alternative routes by combining evacuation channels according to the preset location information of the fire source, the location information of the evacuation channel, and the location information of the emergency exit; S2. Acquire environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation, the environmental information data including fire spread trend, smoke diffusion speed and smoke concentration distribution; S3. Calculate and analyze the preference of each alternative route based on the environmental information data, and select the alternative route whose preference meets the preset standard as the escape route.

5. A fire safety management simulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of calculating and analyzing the preference of each alternative route based on environmental information data includes: Among them, ω1, ω2, ω3 are the preset first weight coefficients; w i is the preset second weight coefficient; s is the total length of the backup route; d min is the shortest distance from the fire source to the backup route; b is the average width of the backup route; f is the dynamic data evaluation value; x i are the influencing parameters, including: the average temperature of each section of the backup route during the safe evacuation time, the average smoke carbon concentration, and the average smoke diffusion speed; z is the preset adjustment coefficient; The preference level parameter P of each alternative route is calculated using formulas (1) to (2).

6. A fire safety management simulation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of selecting alternative routes that meet the preset criteria includes: The priority parameter P of each alternative route is compared with the preset standard value P st To compare: If P>P st , then the corresponding alternative route is used as the escape route; If P≤P st , the corresponding alternative route will not be used as an escape route.

7. A fire safety management simulation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of collecting escape-related data of drill participants includes: Multiple surveillance cameras are installed on each escape route to capture video information data of the evacuation passage; A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the escape route selection of the drill participants and the time it took for the drill participants to evacuate through the selected escape route.

8. A fire safety management simulation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process for evaluating an escape drill includes: By formula Calculate and obtain the evaluation coefficient E of each escape route during the drill; Wherein, σ1, σ2, σ3 are the preset third weight coefficients; m is the number of times the escape route is selected; The average evacuation time of the drill participants who selected the corresponding escape route; The evaluation coefficient E of the escape route is compared with the preset threshold E th To compare: If E>E th , then the corresponding escape route is taken as the best escape route; If E≤E th , then the corresponding escape route is not the best escape route; If the evaluation coefficient E of each escape route does not exceed the preset value E th , then reassemble the evacuation channels to obtain the preset alternative routes, and execute steps S2 to S3.

9. A fire safety management simulation system, characterized in that: The system is used to execute the fire safety management simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the system comprises: A model building module, used to build a simulation model on the fire simulation software according to the environmental layout information of the target building; A simulation information acquisition module is used to collect environmental information data in the target building simulation model scene during the simulation operation; Decision-making module, used to analyze environmental information data to obtain escape routes and safe evacuation time; The drill module includes a data acquisition unit, a drill evaluation unit and an optimization unit; the data acquisition module is used to collect escape-related data of the drill participants; the drill evaluation unit is used to evaluate the escape drill in combination with the collected escape-related data of the drill participants; the optimization unit is used to adjust and optimize the escape route according to the evaluation results.

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