Method, device, equipment and storage medium for calculating fouling thickness of reactor

Abstract

The present application provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor, relating to the technical field of nuclear reactors. The present application calculates the fouling thickness of the reactor by obtaining the nickel solubility at a target location, constructing a mass transfer model of the target location based on the nickel solubility at the target location, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location, constructing a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system, solving the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location based on the mass transfer model of the target location and the mass balance model of the coolant system, and calculating the fouling thickness of the target location based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear reactors, and particularly to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor. Background Art

[0002] Axial power shift (CIPS) and local cladding corrosion (CILC) caused by fouling in the reactor core will affect the safety and economy of reactor operation, and are also one of the key challenges for improving the performance of pressurized water reactors, which has attracted more and more attention in the nuclear power industry. The phenomena caused by fouling in the reactor core are important influencing factors for the safety and economy of reactor operation, and the risk assessment of reactor core fouling may become an important issue of concern in the industry in the future.

[0003] There are dissolved and suspended (solid) corrosion products in the coolant of nuclear power plants, and their particle sizes are relatively small. Coolant samples show that the total content of nickel and iron in the particles exceeds the expected solubility of nickel and iron in the core coolant, indicating the presence of suspended particulate matter in the coolant. Under normal operating conditions, the dissolved corrosion products in the coolant are in a saturated state and carry additional suspended particulate matter or colloidal substances. During reactor operation, corrosion products (such as nickel and iron) on the coolant system pipes will be released into the coolant and deposit on the fuel assembly wall to form fouling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor, so as to realize the calculation of the fouling thickness of the reactor.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor, including:

[0006] Obtaining the nickel solubility at a target location;

[0007] Constructing a mass transfer model at the target location based on the nickel solubility at the target location, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location;

[0008] Constructing a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system;

[0009] Solving the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location based on the mass transfer model at the target location and the mass balance model of the coolant system;

[0010] Calculating the fouling thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the obtaining of the nickel solubility at the target location includes:

[0012] Obtaining the mainstream nickel solubility and the near-wall nickel solubility at the target location;

[0013] When the near-wall nickel solubility is greater than the mainstream nickel solubility, constructing the mass transfer model based on the mainstream nickel solubility; otherwise, constructing the mass transfer model based on the near-wall nickel solubility.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the fouling thickness calculation method further includes:

[0015] Obtaining the nickel solubility of the letdown system;

[0016] Constructing a mass transfer model of the letdown system based on the nickel solubility of the letdown system and the mass flow rate of the fouling deposition transfer in the letdown system;

[0017] The constructing of the mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of the fouling deposition transfer at the target location, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system includes:

[0018] Constructing a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of the fouling deposition transfer at the target location, the mass flow rate of the fouling deposition transfer in the letdown system, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the target location includes the reactor core, or the target location includes the reactor core and the steam generator.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the calculation method of the nickel solubility includes:

[0021] Obtaining the fluid pH value;

[0022] Calculating the nickel solubility based on the fluid pH value.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the calculating of the fouling thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate of the fouling deposition transfer at the target location includes:

[0024] Calculating the mass per unit area of the fouling at the target location based on the mass flow rate of the fouling deposition transfer at the target location;

[0025] Calculating the fouling thickness at the target location based on the mass per unit area of the fouling at the target location and the fouling density.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application provides a fouling thickness calculation device for a reactor, including:

[0027] A nickel solubility acquisition module for acquiring the nickel solubility at a target location;

[0028] A mass transfer model construction module for constructing a mass transfer model of the target location based on the nickel solubility at the target location, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location;

[0029] A mass balance model construction module for constructing a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system;

[0030] A mass flow rate calculation module for solving the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location based on the mass transfer model of the target location and the mass balance model of the coolant system;

[0031] A fouling thickness calculation module for calculating the fouling thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the fouling thickness calculation device further includes:

[0033] A letdown system calculation module for acquiring the nickel solubility of the letdown system and constructing a mass transfer model of the letdown system based on the nickel solubility of the letdown system and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer of the letdown system;

[0034] The mass balance model construction module is configured to construct a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer of the letdown system, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computing device, including:

[0036] At least one processor; and

[0037] At least one memory storing instructions that, when executed alone or jointly by the at least one processor, cause the computing device to execute the method as described in the first aspect.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer storage medium storing instructions that, when executed alone or jointly by at least one processor of a computing device, cause the computing device to execute the method as described in the first aspect.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0040] In this application, the nickel solubility at the target location is obtained, and a mass transfer model for the target location is constructed based on the nickel solubility at the target location, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location. A mass balance model for the coolant system is constructed based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system. The mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location is solved based on the mass transfer model of the target location and the mass balance model of the coolant system, and the fouling thickness at the target location is calculated based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location, realizing the calculation of the fouling thickness of the reactor, which helps to carry out the fouling risk analysis of the reactor, including the research on axial power shift and local cladding corrosion. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0041] The inclusion of the drawings is to provide a further understanding of this application. They are incorporated and constitute a part of this application. The drawings illustrate the embodiments of this application and, together with this specification, serve to explain the principles of this application. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of another method for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a computing device provided by an embodiment of this application. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of this application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, this application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. Unless obvious from the language context or otherwise stated, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structure or operation.

[0047] As shown in this application, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, words such as "a", "an", "one", and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0048] At the same time, this application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of this application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" mean a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more at different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application can be appropriately combined.

[0049] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of the components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. At the same time, it should be understood that for the sake of convenience of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationship. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the said technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters indicate like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0050] In addition, although the terms used in this application are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some of the terms mentioned in the specification of this application may be selected by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are described in the relevant parts of this description. In addition, it is required to understand this application not only through the actual terms used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0051] Flowcharts are used in this application to illustrate the operations performed by a device or equipment according to the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the previous or following operations are not necessarily executed precisely in sequence. On the contrary, they can be executed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or several steps may be removed from these processes.

[0052] Figure 1It is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the method for calculating the fouling thickness of the reactor includes the following steps:

[0053] Step S110: Obtain the nickel solubility at the target location.

[0054] The target location includes the reactor core to calculate the fouling thickness of the reactor core. The target location may also include the steam generator to calculate the fouling thickness of the steam generator. Among them, the reactor core has a large space. For the accuracy of the calculation results, the entire reactor core space can be divided into multiple nodes, and each node is calculated separately. Similarly, the steam generator can also be divided into multiple nodes, and each node is calculated separately. Correspondingly, in the embodiment of the present application, calculating for the target location means calculating for multiple nodes of the divided target location.

[0055] In some embodiments, the method for calculating nickel solubility includes: obtaining the fluid pH value; calculating the nickel solubility based on the fluid pH value. Among them, the fluid pH value can be obtained by the table lookup method. In some other embodiments, the nickel solubility can be calculated through the empirical relationship formula for calculating nickel solubility related to nickel ferrite.

[0056] Step S120: Construct a mass transfer model for the target location based on the nickel solubility at the target location, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location.

[0057] In some embodiments, obtaining the nickel solubility at the target location in step S110 includes: obtaining the mainstream nickel solubility and the near-wall nickel solubility at the target location. When the near-wall nickel solubility is greater than the mainstream nickel solubility, construct a mass transfer model based on the mainstream nickel solubility; otherwise, construct a mass transfer model based on the near-wall nickel solubility. In this embodiment, the near-wall layer and the mainstream coolant are considered separately, and the corresponding nickel solubilities are calculated respectively, thereby refining the influencing factors of wall deposition.

[0058] Step S130: Construct a mass balance model for the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the mass balance model of the coolant system considers the total release of corrosion products in the coolant system and the fouling mass at the target location, and its relationship is as follows:

[0060] (1)

[0061] In the formula: m total is the mass of the coolant in the coolant system, with the unit of kg / m2 ;

[0062] Con is the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, with the unit of ppb;

[0063] t is the time, with the unit of s;

[0064] G target is the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer at the target position, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0065] G dis is the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 .

[0066] Among them, m total and G dis are known parameters and can be input by the user.

[0067] In some embodiments, a mass transfer model of the letdown system can also be constructed, specifically including: obtaining the nickel solubility of the letdown system; constructing a mass transfer model of the letdown system based on the nickel solubility of the letdown system and the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer of the letdown system. Based on the mass transfer model of the letdown system, the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer of the letdown system can be calculated. When constructing the mass balance model, the dirt mass of the letdown system is also considered, that is, a mass balance model of the coolant system is constructed based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer at the target position, the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer of the letdown system, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system. In this embodiment, when constructing the mass balance model, the dirt masses inside the core, inside the steam generator, and inside the letdown system can be considered simultaneously, comprehensively considering the parts where dirt is generated and disappears in the primary loop, making the dirt distribution in the entire loop more reasonable and the calculated dirt thickness more accurate.

[0068] Step S140, solve the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer at the target position based on the mass transfer model at the target position and the mass balance model of the coolant system.

[0069] Specifically, the mass transfer model at the target position contains two unknown parameters, namely the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system and the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer at the target position. The mass balance model of the coolant system also contains these two unknown parameters, namely the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system and the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer at the target position. By combining the two models of the mass transfer model at the target position and the mass balance model of the coolant system, these two unknown parameters can be solved, that is, the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer at the target position can be solved.

[0070] Step S150: Calculate the fouling thickness at the target position based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target position.

[0071] In some embodiments, step S150 includes: calculating the mass per unit area of fouling at the target position based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target position; calculating the fouling thickness at the target position based on the mass per unit area of fouling and the fouling density at the target position. In this embodiment, by a given fouling density, the fouling thickness is directly solved without separately considering the fouling density at different positions, reducing the calculation amount.

[0072] In the embodiments of the present application, by constructing a mass transfer model and a mass balance model, and calculating the fouling thickness based on the mass transfer model and the mass balance model, the influencing factors of the fouling deposition thickness are comprehensively considered, making the calculation result more accurate and reasonable.

[0073] To better understand the present application, the following further illustrates with a specific embodiment. In this specific embodiment, the core, steam generator and letdown system are considered simultaneously. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the layout in the reactor loop may be different, and the steam generator and / or letdown system may not be considered, thus omitting the corresponding calculation steps.

[0074] As Figure 2 shown, the method for calculating the fouling thickness of the reactor includes the following steps:

[0075] Step S201: Calculate the solubility of nickel in the main stream of the steam generator.

[0076] The solubility of nickel can be obtained by solving a function based on the pH value of the fluid, and the pH value of the fluid can be obtained by the look-up table method. In some embodiments, the calculation relationship of the solubility of nickel is as follows:

[0077] (2)

[0078] In the formula: Con Ni is the solubility of nickel, with the unit of ppb;

[0079] PH is the pH value of the fluid;

[0080] a1, a2 and a3 are coefficients, which can be obtained by fitting according to corrosion experiment data or nuclear power plant operation data.

[0081] Through the calculation relationship formula (2) of the solubility of nickel and the main stream pH value of the steam generator, the solubility of nickel in the main stream of the steam generator can be calculated.

[0082] Step S202: Calculate the solubility of nickel near the wall of the steam generator.

[0083] The near-wall nickel solubility Con of the steam generator can be calculated through the calculation relation formula (2) of nickel solubility and the pH value of the near-wall fluid of the steam generator. wall 。

[0084] In some embodiments, the pH value of the near-wall fluid of the steam generator can be calculated based on the temperature, boron concentration, and lithium concentration of the near-wall fluid of the steam generator input externally, and this pH value can also be obtained by the look-up table method.

[0085] Step S203: Construct a mass transfer model of the steam generator.

[0086] Based on the nickel solubility of the steam generator, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer of the steam generator, a mass transfer model of the steam generator is constructed. In an exemplary embodiment, the mass transfer model of the steam generator considers the mass transfer from the mainstream to the near-wall layer caused by turbulence, the mass transfer from the near-wall layer to the wall surface caused by deposition, etc., and its relation formula is as follows:

[0087] (3)

[0088] In the formula: Con is the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the unit is ppb.

[0089] Con wall is the near-wall nickel solubility of the steam generator, and the unit is ppb. When the near-wall nickel solubility of the steam generator is greater than the mainstream nickel solubility, the near-wall nickel solubility of the steam generator in relation formula (3) is equal to the mainstream nickel solubility, that is, a mass transfer model of the steam generator is constructed based on the mainstream nickel solubility of the steam generator.

[0090] F is a factor for converting nickel solubility to total concentration.

[0091] is the mass transfer coefficient caused by the mixing of the near-wall layer and the mainstream of the steam generator, and the unit is kg / s·m 2 。

[0092] G sed is the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer of the steam generator, and the unit is kg / s·m 2 。

[0093] Among them, F and are known parameters and can be input by the user.

[0094] Step S204: Calculate the mainstream nickel solubility of the reactor core.

[0095] Based on the fluid temperature, boron concentration, and lithium concentration of the core mainstream input externally, the fluid pH value of the core mainstream can be calculated. Combining with the calculation relation formula (2) of nickel solubility, the mainstream nickel solubility of the core can be calculated.

[0096] Step S205: Calculate the nickel solubility of the core near-wall surface.

[0097] Based on the fluid temperature, boron concentration, and lithium concentration of the core near-wall surface input externally, the fluid pH value of the core near-wall surface can be calculated. Combining with the calculation relation formula (2) of nickel solubility, the nickel solubility Con of the core near-wall surface can be calculated. wnode 。

[0098] Step S206: Construct a mass transfer model of the core.

[0099] Based on the nickel solubility of the core, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer in the core, a mass transfer model of the core is constructed. In an exemplary embodiment, the mass transfer model of the core considers the mass transfer from the mainstream to the near-wall surface layer caused by boiling at the core, the mass transfer from the mainstream to the near-wall surface layer caused by turbulence, the mass transfer from the near-wall surface layer to the wall surface caused by deposition, etc. The relation formula is as follows:

[0100] (4)

[0101] In the formula: is the mass transfer efficiency caused by boiling;

[0102] G evap is the mass evaporation rate, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0103] Con is the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, with the unit of ppb;

[0104] Con wnode is the nickel solubility of the core near-wall surface, with the unit of ppb. When the nickel solubility of the core near-wall surface is greater than the mainstream nickel solubility, the nickel solubility of the core near-wall surface in the relation formula (4) is equal to the mainstream nickel solubility, that is, a mass transfer model of the core is constructed based on the mainstream nickel solubility of the core.

[0105] F is the factor for converting nickel solubility to total concentration.

[0106] is the mass transfer coefficient caused by the mixing of the core near-wall surface layer and the mainstream, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0107] G node is the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer in the core, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 。

[0108] Among them, , G evap , and F are known parameters and can be input by the user.

[0109] Step S207, construct a mass transfer model of the letdown system.

[0110] First, obtain the nickel solubility of the letdown system. Then, based on the nickel solubility of the letdown system and the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer in the letdown system, construct a mass transfer model of the letdown system. In an exemplary embodiment, based on the fluid temperature, boron concentration, and lithium concentration of the letdown system input externally, the fluid pH value of the letdown system can be calculated. Combining with the calculation relation formula (2) of nickel solubility, the nickel solubility Con ld of the letdown system can be calculated. The relation formula of the mass transfer model of the letdown system is as follows:

[0111] (5)

[0112] In the formula: G ld is the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer in the letdown system, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0113] G sld is the letdown flow rate, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0114] Con ld is the nickel solubility of the letdown system, with the unit of ppb;

[0115] F p is the particulate removal rate;

[0116] F s is the dissolved matter removal rate.

[0117] Among them, G sld , F p and F s are known parameters and can be input by the user.

[0118] Step S208, construct a mass balance model of the coolant system.

[0119] A mass balance model of the coolant system is constructed based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the steam generator, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the core, the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the letdown system, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system. In an exemplary embodiment, the mass balance model of the coolant system considers the removal of fouling mass in the letdown system, the total release of corrosion products in the coolant system, the fouling mass in the steam generator, and the fouling mass inside the core. The relational expressions are as follows:

[0120] (6)

[0121] Where: m total is the mass of the coolant in the coolant system, with the unit of kg / m 2 ;

[0122] Con is the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, with the unit of ppb;

[0123] t is the time, with the unit of s;

[0124] G node is the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the core, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0125] G sed is the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the steam generator, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0126] G ld is the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the letdown system, with the unit of kg / s·m2;

[0127] G dis is the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 .

[0128] Among them, m total and G dis are known parameters and can be input by the user.

[0129] Step S209: Calculate the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer.

[0130] Based on the mass transfer model of the steam generator, the mass transfer model of the core, the mass transfer model of the letdown system, and the mass balance model of the coolant system, solve for the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the steam generator and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the core. That is, by combining relational expressions (3), (4), (5), and (6), G node and G sed can be solved. In some embodiments, Con can also be solved.

[0131] Step S210: Calculate the fouling thickness.

[0132] Based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer calculated in step S209, the fouling thickness can be calculated. In some embodiments, the mass of fouling per unit area can be calculated based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer, and then the fouling thickness can be calculated based on the mass of fouling per unit area and the fouling density. Exemplarily, the fouling thickness of the steam generator can be calculated by equations (7) and (8).

[0133] m sg =G sed dt (7)

[0134] (8)

[0135] Where: m sg is the mass of fouling per unit area in the steam generator, with the unit of kg / m 2 ;

[0136] G sed is the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer in the steam generator, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0137] t is the time, with the unit of s;

[0138] THC sg is the fouling thickness of the steam generator, with the unit of m;

[0139] is the fouling density, with the unit of kg / m 3 .

[0140] The fouling thickness of the core can be calculated by equations (9) and (10).

[0141] m node =G node dt (9)

[0142] (10)

[0143] Where: m node is the mass of fouling per unit area of the core, with the unit of kg / m 2 ;

[0144] G node is the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer of the core, with the unit of kg / s·m 2 ;

[0145] t is the time, with the unit of s;

[0146] THCnode is the fouling thickness of the core, in meters;

[0147] is the fouling density, in kg / m 3 .

[0148] When constructing the mass transfer model in the embodiments of the present application, the inflow and outflow of coolant and corrosion products in the near-wall coolant layer are considered; the effects of turbulent mixing and boiling cycles cause mass transfer; the dissolution and deposition of fouling on the wall; the increase or decrease of corrosion products in the coolant. These processes make the process of fouling deposition from the mainstream coolant to the wall more detailed and the mass transfer process more accurate.

[0149] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fouling thickness calculation device for a reactor provided by an embodiment of the present application. The fouling thickness calculation device for a reactor is used to implement the fouling thickness calculation method for the reactor in the above embodiment. As Figure 3 shown, the fouling thickness calculation device 300 for a reactor includes a nickel solubility acquisition module 310, a mass transfer model construction module 320, a mass balance model construction module 330, a mass flow calculation module 340, and a fouling thickness calculation module 350, where:

[0150] The nickel solubility acquisition module 310 is used to acquire the nickel solubility at the target location. The target location may include the core, or may include locations such as the core and the steam generator where the fouling thickness needs to be calculated. In some embodiments, acquiring the nickel solubility at the target location includes: acquiring the mainstream nickel solubility and the near-wall nickel solubility at the target location. When the near-wall nickel solubility is greater than the mainstream nickel solubility, a mass transfer model is constructed based on the mainstream nickel solubility; otherwise, a mass transfer model is constructed based on the near-wall nickel solubility.

[0151] The mass transfer model construction module 320 is used to construct a mass transfer model for the target location based on the nickel solubility at the target location, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow of fouling deposition transfer at the target location.

[0152] The mass balance model construction module 330 is used to construct a mass balance model for the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow of fouling deposition transfer at the target location, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system.

[0153] The mass flow calculation module 340 is used to solve the mass flow of fouling deposition transfer at the target location based on the mass transfer model at the target location and the mass balance model of the coolant system.

[0154] The fouling thickness calculation module 350 is configured to calculate the fouling thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location. Exemplarily, calculating the fouling thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location includes: calculating the mass per unit area of fouling at the target location based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location; and calculating the fouling thickness at the target location based on the mass per unit area of fouling and the fouling density at the target location.

[0155] In some embodiments, the fouling thickness calculation device 300 of the reactor further includes a letdown system calculation module 360. The letdown system calculation module 360 is configured to obtain the nickel solubility of the letdown system and construct a mass transfer model of the letdown system based on the nickel solubility of the letdown system and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer of the letdown system. The mass balance model construction module 330 is further configured to construct a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer of the letdown system.

[0156] In some embodiments, the method for the nickel solubility acquisition module 310 and the fouling thickness calculation module 350 to calculate the nickel solubility includes: obtaining the fluid pH value; and calculating the nickel solubility based on the fluid pH value.

[0157] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a computing device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, the computing device 400 includes one or more processors 410, one or more memories 420 coupled to the processor 410, and one or more communication modules 440 coupled to the processor 410.

[0158] The communication module 440 is used for two-way communication. The communication module 440 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication. The communication interface can represent any interface necessary for communicating with other network elements.

[0159] The processor 410 can be of any type suitable for the local technical network and, by way of non-limiting example, can include one or more of the following: a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. The computing device 400 can have multiple processors, such as an application-specific integrated circuit chip, which is clocked in time to synchronize with the main processor.

[0160] The memory 420 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) 424, electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk, optical disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), and other magnetic and / or optical memories. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) 422 and other volatile memories that do not persist during a power outage duration.

[0161] The computer program 430 includes computer-executable instructions to be executed by the associated processor 410. The computer program 430 may be stored in the ROM 424. The processor 410 may execute any appropriate actions and processing by loading the computer program 430 into the RAM 422.

[0162] Embodiments of the present application may be implemented by the computer program 430 such that the computing device 400 may execute any of the processes of the disclosed reference Figure 1 or Figure 2 discussed. Embodiments of the present application may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0163] In some embodiments, the computer program 430 may be tangibly embodied in a computer-readable medium, which may be included in the computing device 400 (e.g., the memory 420) or other storage devices accessible by the computing device 400. The computing device 400 may load the computer program 430 from the computer-readable medium into the RAM 422 for execution. The computer-readable medium may include any type of tangible non-volatile memory, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc. The computer program 430 is stored on the computer-readable medium.

[0164] Generally, the various embodiments of the present application may be implemented in hardware or in special-purpose circuitry, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Certain aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software, which may be executed by a controller, a microprocessor, or other computing devices. Although the various aspects of the embodiments of the present application are shown and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other graphical representation, it should be understood that, by way of non-limiting example, the blocks, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, special-purpose circuitry or logic, general-purpose hardware or a controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0165] The present application also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as instructions included in program modules, which are executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor to perform the method described above with reference to Figure 1 or Figure 2 the method. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functions of program modules can be combined or separated among program modules as needed. The machine-executable instructions for program modules can be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules can be located in local and remote storage media.

[0166] The program code for performing the method of the present application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the program code is executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine as an independent software package, partially on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on a remote machine, partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0167] In the context of the present application, the computer program code or related data can be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus, or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, etc.

[0168] The computer-readable media can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or apparatuses, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium include electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer floppy disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0169] Moreover, although the operations are described in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that the operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all of the illustrated operations be performed, to obtain the desired result. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these details should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present application, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, the various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented separately or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0170] Although the present application has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the application defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor, characterized in that: include: Obtain nickel solubility at target location; A mass transfer model for the target location is constructed based on the nickel solubility at the target location, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow rate of fouling deposits transferred at the target location; constructing a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposits delivered at the target location, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system; Solving the mass flow rate of fouling deposit transfer at the target location based on the mass transfer model of the target location and the mass balance model of the coolant system; calculating the dirt thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate delivered by the dirt deposit at the target location; Wherein, obtaining the nickel solubility at the target position includes: Obtain the mainstream nickel solubility and near-wall nickel solubility at the target location; In the case where the near-wall nickel solubility is greater than the mainstream nickel solubility, the mass transfer model is constructed based on the mainstream nickel solubility; otherwise, the mass transfer model is constructed based on the near-wall nickel solubility; The method further comprises: Obtain nickel solubility in the downflow system; A mass transfer model of the downflow system is constructed based on the nickel solubility of the downflow system and the mass flow rate of the fouling deposition transferred by the downflow system; And the mass balance model of the coolant system is constructed based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of the dirt deposition transferred at the target location and the total release rate of the corrosion products in the coolant system, including: Constructing a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposits transferred at the target location, the mass flow rate of fouling deposits transferred in the downflow system, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system; And the calculation of the dirt thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate of the dirt deposition transfer at the target location comprises: Calculating the mass per unit area of ​​dirt at the target location based on the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer at the target location; The dirt thickness at the target location is calculated based on the dirt mass per unit area and the dirt density at the target location.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The target location includes a reactor core, or the target location includes a reactor core and a steam generator.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation method of the nickel solubility includes: Obtaining fluid pH value; The nickel solubility is calculated based on the fluid pH.

4. A device for calculating the fouling thickness of a reactor, characterized in that: include: A nickel solubility acquisition module, used to acquire the nickel solubility at a target location; A mass transfer model building module is used to build a mass transfer model of the target location based on the nickel solubility at the target location, the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, and the mass flow rate of fouling deposition transfer at the target location; A mass balance model building module, used to build a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of the fouling deposits delivered at the target location, and the total release rate of the corrosion products in the coolant system; A mass flow calculation module, used for solving the mass flow of dirt deposition transfer at the target location based on the mass transfer model of the target location and the mass balance model of the coolant system; A dirt thickness calculation module, used to calculate the dirt thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate of the dirt deposits transferred at the target location; Wherein, obtaining the nickel solubility at the target position includes: Obtain the mainstream nickel solubility and near-wall nickel solubility at the target location; In the case where the near-wall nickel solubility is greater than the mainstream nickel solubility, the mass transfer model is constructed based on the mainstream nickel solubility; otherwise, the mass transfer model is constructed based on the near-wall nickel solubility; The device also includes: A downstream system calculation module, used for obtaining the nickel solubility of the downstream system, and constructing a mass transfer model of the downstream system based on the nickel solubility of the downstream system and the mass flow rate of the fouling deposition transfer of the downstream system; And the mass balance model of the coolant system is constructed based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of the dirt deposition transferred at the target location and the total release rate of the corrosion products in the coolant system, including: Constructing a mass balance model of the coolant system based on the total concentration of corrosion products in the coolant system, the mass flow rate of fouling deposits transferred at the target location, the mass flow rate of fouling deposits transferred in the downflow system, and the total release rate of corrosion products in the coolant system; And the calculation of the dirt thickness at the target location based on the mass flow rate of the dirt deposition transfer at the target location comprises: Calculating the mass per unit area of ​​dirt at the target location based on the mass flow rate of dirt deposition transfer at the target location; The dirt thickness at the target location is calculated based on the dirt mass per unit area and the dirt density at the target location.

5. A computing device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as At least one memory having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed individually or collectively by the at least one processor, cause the computing device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: The computer storage medium stores instructions, which, when executed individually or collectively by at least one processor of a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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