Hydrodynamic engineering performance evaluation method and system for bentonite-based buffer material

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-force engineering performance evaluation method and system for a bentonite-based buffer material. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out a water-force test on the bentonite-based buffer material in a multi-barrier system of a radioactive waste geological disposal facility; according to a water-force test result, determining water-force characteristics and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer material, and then performing mathematical generalization; according to the mathematical generalized water-force characteristics and the damage characteristics, establishing a damage-considered water-force performance evaluation mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material; and evaluating the water-force engineering performance of the bentonite-based buffer material based on the damage-considered mathematical model for evaluating the water-force engineering performance of the bentonite-based buffer material. The method can solve the problems that in the prior art, only the overall expansion force and volume change can be evaluated and predicted, and the damage effect of the bentonite-based buffer material and the effect and influence of a multi-stage pore structure are not considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive protection and software development, and in particular to a method and system for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of a bentonite-based buffer material. Background Art

[0002] At present, the domestic performance evaluation of multiple barrier systems in the geological disposal of radioactive waste mostly uses the American GOLDSIM software and the Swiss Ecolego software. To date, there is no independent intellectual property evaluation method and related software or system for multiple barrier systems in the geological disposal of radioactive waste in China, which cannot meet the evaluation needs of the engineering barrier performance of multiple barrier systems in the geological disposal of radioactive waste. Therefore, it is urgent to develop relevant methods and software to solve the specific needs of engineering barrier performance evaluation in the geological disposal of radioactive waste.

[0003] Buffer materials play an indispensable and vital role in the multiple barrier system of geological disposal of radioactive waste. Bentonite-based materials are selected as buffer materials in the multiple barrier system of geological disposal of radioactive waste by most countries in the world because of their advantages such as low permeability, high swelling and high radionuclide blocking capacity. Under the conditions of geological disposal of radioactive waste, pore water or water vapor from the surrounding rock will penetrate into the bentonite-based buffer material, causing the hydration and subsequent substantial expansion of the bentonite-based buffer material. The bentonite-based buffer material will produce a mechanical interaction with the long-term high stress load of the surrounding rock. Hydrated under this hydration-high stress loading (water-force), the bentonite-based buffer material may be damaged, thereby affecting the long-term engineering performance of the geological disposal facility.

[0004] The pore structure of bentonite-based buffer materials is complex. If the material is simulated as a whole, the different water-holding properties and characteristics of multi-level pores, stress and suction responses, and the coupling effects between pores at different levels will be ignored. Therefore, when evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials, it is particularly important to consider the damage effect and the role and influence of the multi-level pore structure.

[0005] However, these existing methods, software or systems still have at least the following problems:

[0006] (1) It can only evaluate and predict the overall expansion force and volume change; (2) It does not consider the damage effect of bentonite-based cushioning materials and the role and influence of multi-level pore structure; (3) It does not fully consider the influence of elasticity and plasticity. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydraulic engineering performance evaluation method and system for bentonite-based buffer materials in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which can realize the engineering performance evaluation of hydration and stress loading of bentonite-based buffer materials in multiple barrier systems in disposal projects, and solve the problem that the prior art can only evaluate and predict the overall expansion force and volume change, without considering the damage effect of bentonite-based buffer materials, the role and influence of multi-level pore structure, and the comprehensive consideration of elastic-plastic effects.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of a bentonite-based buffer material, comprising:

[0010] Conducting hydro-mechanical tests on bentonite-based buffer materials in multiple barrier systems at geological disposal facilities for radioactive waste;

[0011] According to the results of the hydraulic-mechanical test, the hydraulic-mechanical characteristics and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials are determined, and then mathematically generalized;

[0012] According to the hydraulic-mechanical characteristics and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials that are mathematically generalized, a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic-mechanical performance of bentonite-based buffer materials considering damage is established.

[0013] Based on the mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials considering damage, the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials was evaluated.

[0014] Optionally, the water-mechanical test includes conventional physical and mechanical test, suction-controlled moisture content test, confined consolidation test, unconfined uniaxial compression test, triaxial test, mercury intrusion porosity test, and micro-computed tomography.

[0015] Optionally, the performing mathematical generalization includes:

[0016] S201, based on the third-level pore scale, a mathematical model of the third-level pore structure strain is established;

[0017] S202, establishing a water retention mathematical model and a damage mathematical model based on the three-level pore structure body strain mathematical model.

[0018] Optionally, the third-level pore scale is used as a reference, which means that the bentonite-based buffer material is regarded as a third-level pore structure when hydrated and loaded, and meets the following conditions:

[0019] (1) The pores within the particles and the pores between the particles, as well as the macropores within the particles and the micropores within the particles of the bentonite-based buffer material are balanced in terms of mechanics, hydraulics and chemistry;

[0020] (2) There is no transfer of mass, entropy, or internal energy between the solid, liquid, and gas phases, and all three phases have the same and constant temperature;

[0021] (3) The solid phase is incompressible, and all deformations of the tertiary pore structure are considered as volume deformations.

[0022] Optionally, the three-level pore structure volume strain mathematical model is represented by two parts: the porosity ratio and volume strain of each level of pores, and the mathematical expressions thereof are respectively expressed as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, e T represents the total void ratio of the bentonite particle mixture, represents the porosity ratio of small pores in the particle, represents the porosity ratio of macropores, e inter The porosity ratio represents the pores between particles;

[0025]

[0026] Among them, ε T represents the total volume strain of bentonite-based cushioning materials, and ε inter They represent the volume changes of small pores and large pores within the particles and the volume changes of pores between particles, respectively.

[0027] Optionally, the damage mathematical model is expressed as:

[0028] D(s,p)=0.027+0.19s -0.78 +0.0015ln(0.060s-0.101)exp(0.16p+1)+0.0056

[0029] Where D(s,p) represents the total damage coefficient, s represents the suction force, and p represents the stress.

[0030] Optionally, the establishing of a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of bentonite-based buffer materials taking damage into consideration based on the mathematically generalized hydraulic and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials means: establishing the hydraulic elastoplastic mathematical model taking damage into consideration based on a water retention mathematical model and a damage mathematical model.

[0031] Optionally, the final expression of the hydro-elastic-plastic mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material considering damage is formed by adding the volume strain increments of each level of pores, and is expressed as:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, Δε T represents the total strain increment of the bentonite-based cushioning material, represents the total strain increment of the small pores in the particle, represents the total strain increment of the macropores within the particle, Δε inter Represents the total strain increment in the interparticle pores.

[0034] Optionally, the final expression of the hydro-elastic-plastic mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material considering damage is specifically expressed as follows: Figure 4 As shown, where a inter 、b inter and c inter represents the coupling function between the intra-particle pores and the inter-particle pores inter Parameters; and The coupling function between the small pores and the large pores in the particle is represented by Parameters; and The bulk modulus represents the response of macropores within the particle to changes in stress and suction; and represent the bulk modulus of the pores in the particle in response to stress changes and suction changes, respectively; and is the bulk modulus of the interparticle pores in response to stress changes and suction changes; Indicates the saturation of small pores within the particles; represents the power parameter controlling the suction contribution; Indicates the saturation of macropores within particles; represents the power parameter controlling the suction contribution; Indicates that under a given suction s The slope of the initial consolidation line in the curve; express Elastic compressibility of the curve; The elastic coefficient that represents the change in the response of the pores within the particle to the suction force; Indicates that under a given suction s The slope of the initial consolidation line in the curve; express Elastic compressibility of the curve; The elastic coefficient of the macropores in the particle in response to the change of suction; λ inter (s) represents the suction force s under a given e inter -The slope of the initial consolidation line in the lnp curve; Indicates e inter - elastic compressibility coefficient of lnp curve; h s,imih is the parameter that controls the inward movement of the SD yield curve or the outward movement of the SI yield curve of the small pores in the particle; LC,imi represents a function with suction variables that controls the coupled motion of the LC curve yielding due to SD or SI yielding of small pores within the particle; h s,ima h is the parameter that controls the inward movement of the SD yield curve or the outward movement of the SI yield curve of the macropores in the particle; LC,ima represents a function with suction variable, which controls the coupled motion of LC curve yielding due to SD or SI yielding of macropores within particles; p is the current average net stress; p0 is the saturated pre-consolidation pressure of the mixture; s is the suction; e T Represents the total void ratio.

[0035] Optionally, the hydraulic engineering performance evaluation of the bentonite-based buffer material based on the damage-considered hydraulic engineering performance evaluation mathematical model comprises the following steps:

[0036] S301, determine the process of hydro-mechanical evolution of bentonite-based cushioning materials;

[0037] S302, compiling a hydraulic engineering performance analysis program for a buffer material based on a mathematical model for evaluating hydraulic engineering performance of a bentonite-based buffer material taking damage into consideration, calling the analysis program, and inputting initial conditions and boundary conditions to simulate the hydraulic evolution process of the bentonite-based buffer material;

[0038] S303, evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of the buffer material based on the simulation results.

[0039] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system for bentonite-based buffer materials, comprising:

[0040] Test module for hydro-mechanical testing of bentonite-based buffer materials in multiple barrier systems at geological disposal facilities for radioactive waste;

[0041] The mathematical generalization module is used to determine the hydraulic and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials according to the hydraulic and mechanical test results, and then perform mathematical generalization;

[0042] Modeling module, used to establish a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of buffer materials taking damage into account based on the hydraulic and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials that are mathematically generalized;

[0043] The evaluation module is used to evaluate the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials based on a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of buffer materials taking damage into consideration.

[0044] Optionally, the evaluation module includes:

[0045] Process description unit for determining the process of hydro-mechanical evolution of bentonite-based buffer materials;

[0046] A simulation unit is used to write a hydraulic engineering performance analysis program for a buffer material based on a mathematical model for evaluating hydraulic engineering performance of a buffer material taking damage into consideration, call the analysis software, and input starting conditions and boundary conditions to simulate the hydraulic evolution process of a bentonite-based buffer material;

[0047] The analysis unit evaluates the hydraulic engineering performance of the buffer material based on the simulation results.

[0048] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials as described above.

[0049] Beneficial effects:

[0050] The method and system for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials of the present invention firstly conduct a hydraulic test on the bentonite-based buffer materials in the multiple barrier system of the geological disposal facility for radioactive waste; then, according to the results of the hydraulic test, determine the hydraulic characteristics and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer materials, and then perform mathematical generalization processing; then, according to the mathematically generalized hydraulic characteristics and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer materials, establish a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of the bentonite-based buffer materials taking damage into consideration; finally, based on the mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of the bentonite-based buffer materials taking damage into consideration, evaluate and predict the stress and suction-strain relationship of the bentonite-based buffer materials as a whole and in the tertiary pores, and the whole The evaluation and prediction of the water holding capacity of the tertiary pores (water content and saturation), the evaluation and prediction of the overall mechanical response and swelling force, the evaluation and prediction of the volume and porosity ratio of the overall and tertiary pores, and the evaluation and prediction of the degree of damage can ultimately realize the engineering performance evaluation of the hydration of bentonite-based buffer materials in the multiple barrier systems in the disposal projects and high stress loading, and solve the problem that the existing technology can only evaluate and predict the overall swelling force and volume change, without considering the damage effect of bentonite-based buffer materials, the role and influence of multi-level pore structure, and without fully considering the influence of elastic-plasticity. It can also be used as a part of the overall engineering performance evaluation of the multiple barrier systems for geological disposal of radioactive waste developed by relevant units in the future. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic engineering performance evaluation method of the bentonite-based buffer material in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a microscopic CT image of the bentonite-based cushioning material (bentonite-mixed particle mixture) and its pore network in the initial state;

[0053] Figure 3 Classification of pores in bentonite-based cushioning materials (mixture of bentonite particles): small and large pores within particles and pores between particles;

[0054] Figure 4 is the final expression of the hydro-elastic-plastic mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material considering damage described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system for bentonite-based buffer materials according to Example 2 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system for bentonite-based buffer materials according to Example 3 of the present invention.

[0057] In the figure: 11 - test module; 12 - mathematical generalization module; 13 - modeling module; 14 - evaluation module; 21 - memory; 22 - processor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] It should be understood that the specific embodiments and drawings described herein are only used to explain the present invention rather than to limit the present invention.

[0060] It can be understood that, in the absence of conflict, the various embodiments of the present invention and the various features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0061] It can be understood that, for the convenience of description, the drawings of the present invention only show the parts related to the present invention, while the parts irrelevant to the present invention are not shown in the drawings.

[0062] It can be understood that each unit and module involved in the embodiments of the present invention may correspond to only one physical structure, or may be composed of multiple physical structures, or multiple units and modules may be integrated into one physical structure.

[0063] It can be understood that, without conflict, the functions and steps marked in the flowcharts and block diagrams of the present invention may occur in an order different from that marked in the drawings.

[0064] It is understood that the flowcharts and block diagrams of the present invention illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the systems, devices, equipment, and methods according to the various embodiments of the present invention. Each box in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a unit, module, program segment, or code, which contains executable instructions for implementing the specified functions. Moreover, each box or combination of boxes in the block diagram and flowchart may be implemented by a hardware-based system that implements the specified functions, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and computer instructions.

[0065] It can be understood that the units and modules involved in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by software or hardware. For example, the units and modules can be located in a processor.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of a bentonite-based buffer material, comprising:

[0068] Step S1: Conduct a large number of hydraulic tests on bentonite-based buffer materials in the multiple barrier system of the geological disposal facility for radioactive waste.

[0069] In some embodiments, the hydro-mechanical test includes conventional physical and mechanical tests, suction-controlled moisture content tests, confined consolidation tests, unconfined uniaxial compression tests, triaxial tests, mercury intrusion porosimetry tests, micro-computed tomography, and the like.

[0070] By conducting conventional physical and mechanical tests, test results such as density and porosity can be obtained; by conducting suction-controlled moisture content tests, the soil-water characteristic curve can be obtained; by conducting confined consolidation tests, unconfined uniaxial compression tests and triaxial tests, test results such as the stress-strain relationship under confinement and unconfinement can be obtained; by conducting mercury injection porosity tests and micro-computer tomography, microscopic images, particle size distribution curves and other results can be obtained.

[0071] Step S2: According to the hydraulic test results, the test phenomena are excavated and analyzed, the hydraulic and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer material are understood and described, so as to determine the hydraulic and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer material, and then mathematical generalization is performed, that is, the test results are first physicalized, and then a mathematical model is established for description;

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2, most of the buffer materials used in the geological disposal of radioactive waste at home and abroad are bentonite particle mixtures (or bentonite mixtures), which present a microstructure of three-level pore scales (such as Figure 3In order to properly characterize the three-level pore structure level of the studied bentonite-based buffer material (mixture of bentonite particles) when hydrated and loaded (i.e., in the hydro-mechanical state), this method takes the three-level pore scale as the benchmark (small pores within the particles, large pores within the particles, and pores between particles), and considers the coupling effect between them, and proposes a hydro-mechanical elastoplastic mathematical model (constitutive model) of bentonite-based buffer material under the three-level pore scale considering damage.

[0073] Among them, considering the different strain responses of the three-level pore structure to suction changes and stress changes, this method considers two independent stress variables: average net stress and suction. The hydro-mechanical elastic-plastic mathematical model (constitutive model) of bentonite-based buffer material considering damage assumes that the mechanical behavior of the three-level pore structure is elastic-plastic.

[0074] In some embodiments, the step of performing mathematical generalization processing includes:

[0075] Step S201, establishing a mathematical model of strain of a three-level pore structure based on the three-level pore scale;

[0076] Step S202, establishing a water retention mathematical model and a damage mathematical model based on the three-level pore structure body strain mathematical model.

[0077] The third-level pore scale is used as the benchmark, which means that the bentonite-based buffer material is regarded as a third-level pore structure when hydrated and loaded, and meets the following conditions:

[0078] (1) The pores within the particles and the pores between the particles, as well as the macropores within the particles and the micropores within the particles of the bentonite-based buffer material are balanced in terms of mechanics, hydraulics and chemistry;

[0079] (2) There is no transfer of mass, entropy, or internal energy between the solid, liquid, and gas phases, and all three phases have the same and constant temperature;

[0080] (3) The solid phase is incompressible, and all deformations of the tertiary pore structure are considered as volume deformations.

[0081] In some embodiments, the three-level pore structure volume strain mathematical model established in step S201 is represented by the porosity ratio and volume strain of each level of pores, and its mathematical expression is as follows:

[0082] Total porosity ratio e of bentonite particle mixture T is the porosity ratio of the small pores in the particle The porosity ratio of macropores and the porosity ratio e of the pores between particles inter The sum of is shown in formula (1):

[0083]

[0084] in, and e inter Calculated by formula (2):

[0085]

[0086] in, and V inter They represent the volume of small pores within the particles, the volume of large pores within the particles, and the volume of pores between particles, respectively.

[0087] and Total porosity ratio of the added particles As shown in formula (3):

[0088]

[0089] Volume strain of small pores within particles Volume strain of macropores within particles and the volume strain of the pores between particles ε inter Calculate by formula (4):

[0090]

[0091] The total volume strain ε of the bentonite particle mixture is T for and ε inter The sum of is calculated by formula (5):

[0092]

[0093] Among them, ε T represents the total volume strain of bentonite-based cushioning materials, and ε inter They represent the volume strain of small pores within the particles, the volume strain of large pores within the particles, and the volume strain of pores between particles, respectively.

[0094] In summary, the strain mathematical model of the three-level pore structure described in this method is shown in equations (1)-(5).

[0095] In some embodiments, the water holding mathematical model is established according to the three-level pore structure strain mathematical model in step S202, including:

[0096] Saturation of small pores within particles and the saturation of the macropores within the particles Calculated by formula (6):

[0097]

[0098] in, and They represent the water content ratio of small pores and large pores in the particles, respectively, and are calculated by formula (7):

[0099]

[0100] in, and They represent the water volume of small pores and large pores within the particles, respectively.

[0101] Combining equations (6) and (7), the particle saturation is It can be calculated by formula (8):

[0102]

[0103] Since water is only stored in the particles, the saturation of the mixture of bentonite particles is S r can be Calculate, as shown in formula (9):

[0104]

[0105] Therefore, combining the above formulas (6) to (9) and introducing the existing water retention mathematical model to consider the influence of stress on the water retention performance of bentonite materials can make the evaluation more accurate. The water retention mathematical model used in this method is shown in formula (10):

[0106]

[0107] Among them, S r (s,p) represents the soil-water characteristic curve, p r represents the reference pressure, p represents the average net stress, and p atm represents atmospheric pressure, e0 represents initial porosity, α p represents the compressibility of the soil related to the net mean stress, α s represents the soil compressibility relative to the suction, m1, m2 and m4 represent soil parameters related to the net mean stress and suction, and m1m2m4=1, m3 and m5 represent soil parameters related to the net mean stress.

[0108] The parameters of the water holding mathematical model will be determined by fitting the model results with the experimental results, which will not be described in detail here.

[0109] In some embodiments, the damage mathematical model is established according to the three-level pore structure strain mathematical model in step S202, including:

[0110] (1) Propose damage coefficient

[0111] The damage coefficient of the damage mathematical model proposed in this method takes into account the volume of the rock and soil medium and is specifically calculated by formula (12):

[0112]

[0113] The macropores in the particles are regarded as cracks. Therefore, the damage factor is determined by the percentage of macropores in the particle in the entire volume. and Divide by Vs to get and

[0114] (2) Changes in damage caused by extraction hydration ΔD wetting and damage change ΔD caused by stress loading loading

[0115] Under the conditions of geological disposal of radioactive waste, bentonite-based buffer materials first suffer damage caused by hydration, and after the expansion stabilizes, damage caused by stress loading occurs. The change in damage caused by hydration, ΔD, is extracted from the damage coefficient wetting and damage change ΔD caused by stress loading loading , in order to reflect the influence of hydration and stress loading on the damage of bentonite-based buffer materials.

[0116] ΔD wetting Defined as the damage coefficient D under the initial load and given suction L0.1 The damage coefficient D under the initial state S113L0.1 The difference is shown in formula (13):

[0117] ΔD wetting =D L0.1 -D S113L0.1 (13)

[0118] Among them, D S113L0.1 The damage caused by particle preparation, i.e., initial damage, is characterized.

[0119] ΔD loading Defined as the damage factor (D L3.2 and D L12.8 ) and the damage factor D under the initial load under a given suction L0.1 The difference is shown in formula (14):

[0120] ΔD loading =D L3.2 -D L0.1 or ΔD loading =D L12.8 -D L0.1 (14)

[0121] Equations (15) and (16) are used to describe ΔD wetting and ΔD loading :

[0122] ΔD wetting (s) = ms n (15)

[0123] ΔD loading (s,p)=cln(as-p atm )exp(bp+1)+h (16)

[0124] Among them, the parameters m, n, a, b, c and h are determined by fitting, and p atm represents atmospheric pressure. In physical terms, m and n control the effect of suction on hydration-induced damage. a and b control the effect of suction and stress on stress-induced damage, respectively.

[0125] (3) Damage mathematical model

[0126] The initial damage factor D S113L0.1 Adding equations (15) and (16), the total damage coefficient D can be calculated by equation (17):

[0127] D(s,p)=0.027+0.19s -0.78 +0.0015ln(0.060s-0.101)exp(0.16p+1)+0.0056(17)

[0128] Where D(s,p) represents the total damage coefficient, s represents the suction force, and p represents the stress.

[0129] In summary, the damage mathematical model described in this method is shown in formula (17).

[0130] Step S3: Based on the hydraulic and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer material that are mathematically generalized, a mathematical model (constitutive equation) for evaluating the hydraulic and damage performance of the bentonite-based buffer material is established.

[0131] In some embodiments, the mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of bentonite-based buffer materials taking damage into consideration is established based on the mathematically generalized hydraulic and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer materials, which means: the hydraulic elastoplastic mathematical model taking damage into consideration is established based on the water retention mathematical model and the damage mathematical model.

[0132] Specifically, the hydro-mechanical elastoplastic mathematical model (constitutive model) of bentonite-based buffer materials considering damage described in this method is essentially the relationship between stress and suction-strain. Based on the water retention mathematical model and the damage mathematical model, this method establishes a three-level pore scale (small pores within particles, large pores within particles, and pores between particles) damage hydro-mechanical elastoplastic mathematical model (constitutive model) under suction and stress changes, and considers the coupling effect between small pores within particles and large pores within particles, and between pores within particles and pores between particles. By dividing the total strain increment of the small pores within particles Total strain increment of macropores within the particle The total strain increment Δε of the interparticle pores inter The total strain increment Δε of the bentonite-based buffer material is obtained by adding them together, and then integrated to obtain a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of the bentonite-based buffer material taking damage into account (i.e., the constitutive model).

[0133] In this embodiment, the final expression of the hydro-elastic-plastic mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material considering damage is formed by adding the volume strain increments of each level of pores, and is specifically expressed as:

[0134]

[0135] Among them, Δε T represents the total strain increment of bentonite-based cushioning material, represents the total strain increment of the small pores in the particle, represents the total strain increment of the macropores within the particle, Δε inter Represents the total strain increment in the interparticle pores.

[0136] Specifically, the modeling process of the hydro-elastic-plastic mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material considering damage (i.e., the calculation of the volume strain increment of each level of pores) is as follows:

[0137] 1) Mathematical model of pore water-mechanical elastic-plasticity in particles

[0138] Total strain increment of small pores in the particle By elastic part and plastic part Composition, as shown in formula (18):

[0139]

[0140] It is assumed that the intra-particle microstructure level is controlled by two independent variables, namely the average net stress (p) and the suction (s), as shown in Eq. (19):

[0141]

[0142] Where D is the damage coefficient, and They represent the bulk modulus of the pores in the particle in response to stress changes and suction changes, respectively, and are calculated by formula (20):

[0143]

[0144] in, yes The elastic compressibility of the curve, is the elastic coefficient of the pores within the particle in response to changes in suction.

[0145] In this method, the water-mechanical elastic-plastic mathematical model of small pores in particles applies two yield curves of plastic strain. These two yield curves include: suction reduction (SD) or suction increase (SI) yield curve; loading-collapse (LC) yield curve. The former is related to the irreversible change of water-porosity ratio, and the latter is related to the stress-strain relationship curve. If yielding occurs directly on the SI curve, the water-porosity ratio will change with the change of the water retention curve (WRC) during the drying process, and the LC yield curve will harden; while direct yielding on SD will cause the water-porosity ratio to change with the change of WRC during the hydration process, and the LC yield curve will also soften; if yielding occurs on LC, it produces plastic volume strain through the outward movement of SI or the inward movement of SD. The expressions of these yield curves are:

[0146] LC: p=p0, SI: s=s I and SD: s=s D (twenty one)

[0147] Among them, the responses of SI and SD are the same, as shown in formula (22):

[0148]

[0149] The expression of the hardening law related to the yield of SI or SD is shown in formula (23):

[0150]

[0151] Among them, h LC,imi represents the parameter that controls the softening or hardening of the LC curve due to SD yielding or SI yielding of the small pores in the particle. The plastic volume strain increment of the small pores in the particle due to the yielding of the LC curve is The expression of is shown in formula (24):

[0152]

[0153] In formula (24), Indicates that under a given suction s The slope of the initial consolidation line in the curve. In this case, the expression of the hardening law is shown in formula (25):

[0154]

[0155] Among them, h s,imi It represents the parameter that controls the inward shift of the SD yield curve of small pores within the particle or the outward shift of the SI yield curve. The expression of can be obtained by combining equations (22)-(25), as shown in equation (26):

[0156]

[0157] Introducing the saturation of small pores in the particle into equation (26) and power parameters This controls the suction contribution. The larger the value, the greater the suction contribution. If the value is equal to zero, the suction contribution is zero. The calculation expression of is shown in formula (27):

[0158]

[0159] Considering that the smaller the suction force, the larger the strain increment, h LC,imi is defined as a function of suction, and its expression is shown in formula (28):

[0160] h LC,imi =h1exp(-h2s) (28)

[0161] Among them, h1 and h2 represent LC,imi Related parameters, and h s,imi and h LC,imi The following relationship (29) is satisfied:

[0162] h s,imi h LC,imi <1 (29)

[0163] Under a given suction s, the initial consolidation pressure p0(s) of the mixture can be calculated by formula (30):

[0164]

[0165] Among them, p c represents the reference pressure of the mixture, represents the saturated initial consolidation pressure of the mixture, κ T Indicates e T -Elastic compressibility coefficient in lnp curve, λT (s) represents e under given suction T -The slope of the initial consolidation line in the lnp curve.

[0166] Specifically, when the constant suction exceeds the previous consolidation pressure, equation (27) is simplified to equation (31):

[0167]

[0168] Where p is the current average net stress.

[0169] 2) Mathematical model of water-mechanical elastic-plasticity in macropores within particles

[0170] The total strain increment of the macropores in the particles is calculated using the framework of the Barcelona Expansive Soil Model (BExM). is the sum of elastic and plastic volume strains ( and ), whose expression is shown in formula (32):

[0171]

[0172] Combined with the damage coefficient D, the poroelastic volume strain of the macropores in the particle It can be calculated by formula (33):

[0173]

[0174] in, and The bulk modulus, which represents the response of macropores within the particle to stress changes and suction changes, can be calculated using Equation (34):

[0175]

[0176] in, express The elastic compressibility of the curve, The elastic coefficient of the macropores in the particle in response to the change of suction. The plastic strain at the pore scale of the macropores in the particle Yield by SD or SI ( or ) and LC yield The calculated value is as shown in formula (35):

[0177]

[0178] It is assumed that the SD yield curve and the SI yield curve are always active. The volumetric plastic strain of the macropores in the particles is caused by the expansion or contraction of the micropores in the particles with the change of suction through the coupling mechanism between the two-level pore structures. As in the BExM framework, or By considering the coupling function between small pores and large pores within the particle or Calculate as shown in formula (36):

[0179]

[0180] In the formula represents the total volume strain increment of small pores within the particle, which is obtained by equation (18); and They represent the coupling functions between small pores and large pores in the particles when the suction decreases and increases, respectively.

[0181] In this method, the introduction Used to describe and The expression of is shown in formula (37):

[0182]

[0183] Among them, the parameters and It is different in the case of SD yield and SI yield.

[0184] It is calculated based on the coupled motion of LC curve yield caused by SD yield or SI yield, and the calculation formula is shown in formula (38):

[0185]

[0186] in, Indicates that under a given suction s The slope of the initial consolidation line in the curve. Indicates the saturation of macropores within the particle. represents the power parameter that controls the suction contribution. If If h is equal to zero, the suction contribution is zero. s,ima represents the parameter that controls the inward shift of the SD yield curve or the outward shift of the SI yield curve of the macropores within the particle, and h LC,ima represents a function with suction variables that controls the coupled motion of the LC curve yielding due to SD or SI yielding of the intra-particle macropores. h LC,ima The expression of is shown in formula (39):

[0187] h LC,ima =h3exp(-h4s) (39)

[0188] Among them, h3 and h4 represent LC,ima Related parameters, hs,ima and h LC,ima The following relationship (40) is satisfied:

[0189] h s,ima h LC,ima <1 (40)

[0190] When the average net stress (vertical stress) exceeds the initial consolidation pressure, Simplified to formula (41):

[0191]

[0192] 3) Mathematical model of intergranular pore water-mechanical elastic-plastic

[0193] The framework of the Barcelona expansive soil model is used to describe the deformation of the inter-particle pores. The total strain increment Δε of the inter-particle pores is inter By the elastic part Δε e,inter and the plastic part Δε p,inter The composition is shown in formula (42):

[0194] Δε inter =Δε e,inter +Δε p,inter (42)

[0195] For the interparticle pores, the elastic volume strain increment Δε e,inter It can be calculated by formula (43) (the negative sign is used because a large number of pores are filled during the hydration and loading process):

[0196]

[0197] Among them, the bulk modulus of the interparticle pores in response to stress changes and suction changes is and It can be calculated using formula (44).

[0198]

[0199] in, Indicates e inter - elastic compressibility of the lnp curve, The elastic coefficient that represents the change in the interparticle pores in response to suction.

[0200] The total strain increment Δε of the interparticle pores inter is the elastic part Δε e,inter and the plastic part Δε p,inter The sum of is shown in formula (45):

[0201] Δε p,inter =Δε p,SD,inter +Δεp,SI,inter +Δε p,LC,inter (45)

[0202] Δε p,SD,inter or Δε p,SI,inter It can be calculated by equation (46), which takes into account the coupling function between the intra-particle pores and the inter-particle pores and

[0203]

[0204] in, and They represent the coupling functions between the intra-particle pores and the inter-particle pores under the conditions of reduced and increased suction, respectively. and Using a general expression f inter , as shown in formula (Formula 47):

[0205]

[0206] Among them, a inter 、b inter and c inter Yes inter Parameters. and Determine the different parameters. is the total strain increment of the pores within the particle, expressed by equation (48):

[0207]

[0208] Since no water is found in the interparticle pores, the suction effect is not considered in the interparticle pores. The plastic volume strain increment Δε of the intraparticle macropores due to LC yielding p,LC,inter for:

[0209]

[0210] p0(s) can be determined by equation (30). When the average net stress (vertical stress) exceeds the previous consolidation pressure and the suction remains unchanged, Δε p,LC,inter for:

[0211]

[0212] Among them, λ inter (s) represents the suction force s under a given e inter -The slope of the initial consolidation line in the lnp curve. It should be noted that and k T The relationship between λ interand λ T The relationship between should satisfy the following equations (51) and (52):

[0213]

[0214] In summary, the final expression of the hydro-elastic-plastic mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material considering damage is specifically expressed as follows: Figure 4 As shown:

[0215] Among them, a inter 、b inter and c inter represents the coupling function between the intra-particle pores and the inter-particle pores inter Parameters; and The coupling function between the small pores and the large pores in the particle is represented by Parameters; and The bulk modulus represents the response of macropores within the particle to changes in stress and suction; and They represent the bulk modulus of the pores in the particle in response to stress changes and suction changes, respectively; and is the bulk modulus of the interparticle pores in response to stress changes and suction changes; Indicates the saturation of small pores within the particles; represents the power parameter controlling the suction contribution; Indicates the saturation of macropores within particles; represents the power parameter controlling the suction contribution; Indicates that under a given suction s The slope of the initial consolidation line in the curve; express Elastic compressibility of the curve; The elastic coefficient that represents the change in the response of the pores within the particle to the suction force; Indicates that under a given suction s The slope of the initial consolidation line in the curve; express Elastic compressibility of the curve; The elastic coefficient of the macropores in the particle in response to the change of suction; λ inter (s) represents the suction force s under a given e inter -The slope of the initial consolidation line in the lnp curve; Indicates e inter - elastic compressibility coefficient of lnp curve; h s,imi g represents the parameter that controls the inward movement of the SD yield curve or the outward movement of the SI yield curve of the small pores in the particle; LC,imirepresents a function with suction variables that controls the coupled motion of the LC curve yielding due to SD or SI yielding of small pores within the particle; h s,ima h is the parameter that controls the inward shift of the SD yield curve or the outward shift of the SI yield curve of the macropores in the particle; LC,ima represents a function with suction variable, which controls the coupled motion of LC curve yielding due to SD or SI yielding of macropores within particles; p is the current average net stress; p0 is the saturated pre-consolidation pressure of the mixture; s is the suction; e T Represents the total void ratio.

[0216] Step S4: Based on the hydraulic engineering performance evaluation mathematical model (constitutive equation) of bentonite-based buffer materials considering damage, the hydraulic engineering performance of the bentonite-based buffer materials is evaluated. Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0217] S301, determining the process of the hydro-mechanical evolution of the bentonite-based buffer material, which can be obtained through a hydro-mechanical test;

[0218] S302, compiling a hydraulic engineering performance analysis program for a buffer material based on a mathematical model for evaluating hydraulic engineering performance of a bentonite-based buffer material taking damage into consideration, calling the analysis program, and inputting initial conditions and boundary conditions to simulate the hydraulic evolution process of the bentonite-based buffer material;

[0219] S303, evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of the buffer material based on the simulation results.

[0220] The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention first conducts a hydraulic test on the bentonite-based buffer materials in the multiple barrier system of the geological disposal facility for radioactive waste; then, according to the results of the hydraulic test, the hydraulic characteristics and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer materials are determined, and then mathematically generalized; then, according to the mathematically generalized hydraulic characteristics and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer materials, a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of the bentonite-based buffer materials considering damage is established; finally, based on the mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of the bentonite-based buffer materials considering damage, the stress and suction-strain relationship of the bentonite-based buffer materials as a whole and in the tertiary pores is evaluated. The system can evaluate and predict the water holding capacity of the whole and tertiary pores (water content and saturation), the overall mechanical response and swelling force, the overall and tertiary pore volume and porosity ratio, and the damage degree, and finally realize the engineering performance evaluation of the hydration of bentonite-based buffer materials in the multiple barrier systems in the disposal projects and high stress loading, and solve the problem that the existing technology can only evaluate and predict the overall swelling force and volume change, but does not consider the damage effect of bentonite-based buffer materials and the role and influence of multi-level pore structure, and can be used as a part of the overall engineering performance evaluation of the multiple barrier systems for geological disposal of radioactive waste developed by relevant units in the future.

[0221] Example 2

[0222] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment discloses a hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system for bentonite-based buffer materials, which is used to execute the hydraulic engineering performance evaluation method for bentonite-based buffer materials, including:

[0223] Test module 11 is used to conduct hydraulic tests on bentonite-based buffer materials in the multi-barrier system of geological disposal facilities for radioactive waste;

[0224] The mathematical generalization module 12 is used to determine the hydraulic-mechanical characteristics and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer material according to the hydraulic-mechanical test results, and then perform mathematical generalization processing, that is, to establish a mathematical model of the three-level pore structure, water retention and damage;

[0225] Modeling module 13, for establishing a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of the buffer material taking damage into consideration according to the hydraulic and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer material that are mathematically generalized;

[0226] The evaluation module 14 is used to evaluate the hydraulic engineering performance of the bentonite-based buffer material based on a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of the buffer material taking damage into consideration.

[0227] In some embodiments, the evaluation module comprises:

[0228] Process description unit for determining the process of hydro-mechanical evolution of bentonite-based buffer materials;

[0229] A simulation unit is used to write a hydraulic engineering performance analysis program for a buffer material based on a mathematical model for evaluating hydraulic engineering performance of a buffer material taking damage into consideration, call the analysis software, and input starting conditions and boundary conditions to simulate the hydraulic evolution process of a bentonite-based buffer material;

[0230] The analysis unit evaluates the hydraulic engineering performance of the buffer material based on the simulation results.

[0231] Example 3

[0232] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system for bentonite-based buffer materials, including a memory 21 and a processor 22, wherein the memory 21 stores a computer program, and the processor 22 is configured to run the computer program to execute the hydraulic engineering performance evaluation method for bentonite-based buffer materials described in Example 1.

[0233] The hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system of bentonite-based buffer materials disclosed in Examples 2 to 3 first conducts hydraulic tests on bentonite-based buffer materials in a multiple barrier system of a geological disposal facility for radioactive waste; then, based on the results of the hydraulic tests, the hydraulic characteristics and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer materials are determined, and then mathematically generalized; then, based on the mathematically generalized hydraulic characteristics and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer materials, a mathematical model for hydraulic performance evaluation of bentonite-based buffer materials taking damage into account is established; finally, based on the mathematical model for hydraulic performance evaluation of bentonite-based buffer materials taking damage into account, the stress and suction-strain relationships of the entire bentonite-based buffer material and the tertiary pores are analyzed. The evaluation and prediction of the water holding capacity of the whole and tertiary pores (water content and saturation), the evaluation and prediction of the overall mechanical response and swelling force, the evaluation and prediction of the volume and porosity ratio of the whole and tertiary pores, and the evaluation and prediction of the degree of damage can ultimately realize the engineering performance evaluation of the hydration of bentonite-based buffer materials in the multiple barrier systems in the disposal projects and high stress loading, and solve the problem that the existing technology can only evaluate and predict the overall swelling force and volume change without considering the damage effect of bentonite-based buffer materials and the role and influence of multi-level pore structure, and can be used as a part of the overall engineering performance evaluation of the multiple barrier systems for geological disposal of radioactive waste developed by relevant units in the future.

[0234] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of a bentonite-based buffer material, comprising: Conducting hydro-mechanical tests on bentonite-based buffer materials in multiple barrier systems at geological disposal facilities for radioactive waste; According to the results of the hydraulic-mechanical test, the hydraulic-mechanical characteristics and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials are determined, and then mathematically generalized; According to the hydraulic-mechanical characteristics and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials that are mathematically generalized, a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic-mechanical performance of bentonite-based buffer materials considering damage is established. Based on the mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials considering damage, the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials was evaluated.

2. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-mechanical tests include conventional physical and mechanical tests, suction-controlled moisture content tests, confined consolidation tests, unconfined uniaxial compression tests, triaxial tests, mercury intrusion porosity tests, and microcomputer tomography.

3. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mathematical generalization includes: S201, based on the third-level pore scale, a mathematical model of the third-level pore structure strain is established; S202, establishing a water retention mathematical model and a damage mathematical model based on the three-level pore structure body strain mathematical model.

4. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third-level pore scale is used as the benchmark, which means that the bentonite-based buffer material is regarded as a third-level pore structure when hydrated and loaded, and meets the following conditions: (1) The pores within the particles and the pores between the particles, as well as the macropores within the particles and the micropores within the particles of the bentonite-based buffer material are balanced in terms of mechanics, hydraulics and chemistry; (2) There is no transfer of mass, entropy, or internal energy between the solid, liquid, and gas phases, and all three phases have the same and constant temperature; (3) The solid phase is incompressible, and all deformations of the tertiary pore structure are considered as volume deformations.

5. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-level pore structure volume strain mathematical model is represented by two parts: the porosity ratio and volume strain of each level of pores. The mathematical expressions are respectively expressed as follows: Among them, e T represents the total void ratio of the bentonite particle mixture, represents the porosity ratio of small pores in the particle, represents the porosity ratio of macropores, e inter The void ratio represents the pores between particles; Among them, ε T represents the total volume strain of bentonite-based cushioning materials, and ε inter They represent the volume changes of small pores and large pores within the particles and the volume changes of pores between particles, respectively.

6. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The damage mathematical model is expressed as: D(s,p)=0.027+0.19s -0.78 +0.0015ln(0.060s-0.101)exp(0.16p+1)+0.0056, where D(s,p) represents the total damage coefficient, s represents suction, and p represents stress.

7. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The establishment of a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of bentonite-based buffer materials taking damage into consideration based on the hydraulic and damage characteristics of the bentonite-based buffer materials mathematically generalized refers to: The water-mechanical elastoplastic mathematical model considering damage is established according to the water holding mathematical model and the damage mathematical model.

8. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The final expression of the hydro-elastic-plastic mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material considering damage is formed by adding the volume strain increments of each level of pores, and is expressed as: Among them, Δε T represents the total strain increment of the bentonite-based cushioning material, represents the total strain increment of the small pores in the particle, represents the total strain increment of the macropores within the particle, Δε inter Represents the total strain increment in the interparticle pores.

9. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The final expression of the hydro-elastic-plastic mathematical model of the bentonite-based buffer material considering damage is specifically expressed as follows: Among them, a inter 、b inter and c inter represents the coupling function between the intra-particle pores and the inter-particle pores inter Parameters; and The coupling function between the small pores and the large pores in the particle is represented by Parameters; and The bulk modulus represents the response of macropores within the particle to changes in stress and suction; and represent the bulk modulus of the pores in the particle in response to stress changes and suction changes, respectively; and is the bulk modulus of the interparticle pores in response to stress changes and suction changes; Indicates the saturation of small pores within the particles; represents the power parameter controlling the suction contribution; Indicates the saturation of macropores within particles; represents the power parameter controlling the suction contribution; Indicates that under a given suction s The slope of the initial consolidation line in the curve; express Elastic compressibility of the curve; The elastic coefficient that represents the change in the response of the pores within the particle to the suction force; Indicates that under a given suction s The slope of the initial consolidation line in the curve; express Elastic compressibility of the curve; The elastic coefficient of the macropores in the particle in response to the change of suction; λ inter (s) represents the suction force s under a given e inter -The slope of the initial consolidation line in the lnp curve; Indicates e inter - elastic compressibility coefficient of lnp curve; h s,imi h is the parameter that controls the inward movement of the SD yield curve or the outward movement of the SI yield curve of the small pores in the particle; LC,imi represents a function with suction variables that controls the coupled motion of the LC curve yielding due to SD or SI yielding of small pores within the particle; h s,ima h is the parameter that controls the inward movement of the SD yield curve or the outward movement of the SI yield curve of the macropores in the particle; LC,ima represents a function with suction variable, which controls the coupled motion of LC curve yielding due to SD or SI yielding of macropores within particles; p is the current average net stress; p0 is the saturated pre-consolidation pressure of the mixture; s is the suction; e T Represents the total void ratio.

10. The method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method of evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials based on the damage-considered hydraulic engineering performance evaluation mathematical model comprises the following steps: S301, determine the process of hydro-mechanical evolution of bentonite-based cushioning materials; S302, compiling a hydraulic engineering performance analysis program for a buffer material based on a mathematical model for evaluating hydraulic engineering performance of a bentonite-based buffer material taking damage into consideration, calling the analysis program, and inputting initial conditions and boundary conditions to simulate the hydraulic evolution process of the bentonite-based buffer material; S303, evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of the buffer material based on the simulation results.

11. A hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system for bentonite-based buffer materials, characterized in that: include: Test module for hydro-mechanical testing of bentonite-based buffer materials in multiple barrier systems at geological disposal facilities for radioactive waste; The mathematical generalization module is used to determine the hydraulic and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials according to the hydraulic and mechanical test results, and then perform mathematical generalization; Modeling module, used to establish a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic performance of buffer materials taking damage into account based on the hydraulic and damage characteristics of bentonite-based buffer materials that are mathematically generalized; The evaluation module is used to evaluate the hydraulic engineering performance of bentonite-based buffer materials based on a mathematical model for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of buffer materials taking damage into consideration.

12. The hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system of bentonite-based buffer material according to claim 11, characterized in that: The evaluation module comprises: Process description unit for determining the process of hydro-mechanical evolution of bentonite-based buffer materials; A simulation unit is used to write a hydraulic engineering performance analysis program for a buffer material based on a mathematical model for evaluating hydraulic engineering performance of a buffer material taking damage into consideration, call the analysis software, and input starting conditions and boundary conditions to simulate the hydraulic evolution process of a bentonite-based buffer material; The analysis unit evaluates the hydraulic engineering performance of the buffer material based on the simulation results.

13. A hydraulic engineering performance evaluation system for bentonite-based buffer materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the method for evaluating the hydraulic engineering performance of the bentonite-based buffer material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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