Electromagnet for automatic transfer switch and corresponding automatic transfer switch

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnet for an automatic change-over switch and the corresponding automatic change-over switch. The electromagnet (10) comprises a static iron core (12), a coil (14), a magnet yoke (16) and a movable iron core (18). And the static iron core (12) is fixedly arranged on the base and is arranged at the end part of the electromagnet (10). The coil (14) is annular and is arranged adjacent to the static iron core (12). The magnet yoke (16) is arranged between the coil (14) and the static iron core (12) and defines an internal space (15) together with the static iron core (12) and the coil (14). The movable iron core (18) is partially arranged in the internal space (15) and is configured to move between a first position and a second position along the central axis (A) of the electromagnet (10) relative to the static iron core (12). At least one part of the coil (14) and at least one part of the magnet yoke (16) are arranged on the moving stroke (S) between the first position and the second position of the movable iron core (18).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the electrical field, and in particular to an electromagnet for an automatic transfer switch and a corresponding automatic transfer switch. Background Art

[0002] An automatic transfer switch is a device that can provide emergency power supply. In the electrical industry, it is also commonly referred to as a "dual power automatic transfer switch" or "dual power switch". Automatic transfer switches are often used to switch between two power sources. When one power source fails or stops supplying power, the automatic transfer switch can quickly switch to the other power source to ensure the normal power supply of the load circuit.

[0003] At present, automatic transfer switches are usually driven by electromagnets. Generally speaking, the automatic transfer switch needs to complete the conversion from one power supply to another within 100ms, which requires the electromagnet to withstand large instantaneous power. In the existing structure, the force of the electromagnet will increase nonlinearly with the reduction of the air gap, which leads to low actual energy conversion efficiency and severe mechanical impact when the contact is closed, which greatly affects the mechanical life performance of the product. Summary of the invention

[0004] To at least solve the above and / or potential problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electromagnet for an automatic transfer switch and a corresponding automatic transfer switch.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, an electromagnet for an automatic transfer switch is provided. The electromagnet includes: a static iron core, fixedly disposed on a base and disposed at an end of the electromagnet; a coil, annular and disposed adjacent to the static iron core; a yoke, disposed between the coil and the static iron core, and defining an internal space together with the static iron core and the coil; and a moving iron core, partially disposed in the internal space and configured to be movable along the central axis of the electromagnet relative to the static iron core between a first position and a second position, wherein at least a portion of the coil and at least a portion of the yoke are disposed on the moving stroke of the moving iron core between the first position and the second position.

[0006] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the impact force generated by the electromagnet during the state conversion of the automatic transfer switch can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the performance of the electromagnet.

[0007] In some embodiments, the stationary iron core includes a protrusion whose size in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis decreases inwardly along the central axis; and the moving iron core includes a recess matching the protrusion on a side facing the stationary iron core.

[0008] In some embodiments, the protrusion and the recess are conical or stepped in shape.

[0009] In some embodiments, the electromagnet further comprises an actuating rod coupled to the moving iron core, the moving iron core comprises a recess suitable for the actuating rod to be inserted, and an escape hole is provided at an end of the recess.

[0010] In some embodiments, the electromagnet also includes: another static iron core, fixedly disposed on the base and at the other end of the electromagnet; another coil, which is annular and disposed adjacent to the other static iron core; another magnetic yoke, disposed between the other coil and the other static iron core, and together with the static iron core, the coil, the other static iron core and the other coil, defines the internal space.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the other coil and at least a portion of the other yoke are disposed on the moving stroke between the first position and the second position of the moving iron core.

[0012] In some embodiments, the yoke and the further yoke have different sizes in a direction parallel to the movement axis.

[0013] In some embodiments, the other static iron core includes another protrusion, the size of which in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis decreases inward along the central axis; and the moving iron core includes another recess matching the other protrusion on the side facing the other static iron core.

[0014] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, an automatic transfer switch is provided, which comprises the electromagnet of the first aspect of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A perspective schematic diagram of an automatic transfer switch according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Front view of the automatic transfer switch.

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic overview of an electromagnet according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view showing an electromagnet in a first position according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view showing an electromagnet in a second position according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will describe the embodiments of the present disclosure in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "including" and similar terms should be understood as open inclusion, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" should be understood as "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment / implementation" or "the embodiment / implementation" should be understood as "at least one embodiment / implementation". The terms "first", "second", etc. may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0023] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an automatic transfer switch 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 The front view of the automatic transfer switch 1. The automatic transfer switch 1 includes two power supplies, such as a normal power supply and a backup power supply. The normal power supply works under normal working conditions to provide power to the load. The automatic transfer switch 1 also includes electromagnets 10, 10' and a transmission mechanism 30 connected to the electromagnets 10, 10'. When the normal power supply fails, the electromagnets 10, 10' can be used to cause the transmission mechanism 30 to move, quickly disconnect the normal power supply and connect the backup power supply, and the backup power supply provides power to the load, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the load.

[0024] Figure 3 1 shows a schematic overview of an electromagnet 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 4 and Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional views of the electromagnet 10 in different motion stages according to the embodiment of the present disclosure are respectively shown.

[0025] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, the electromagnet 10 is generally cylindrical and includes a static iron core 12, a coil 14, a yoke 16 and a moving iron core 18. The static iron core 12 includes an end cover 121, which is fixedly disposed on a base and disposed at an end of the electromagnet 10. Return to Reference Figure 1 , the base can be the fixed part 20 of the automatic transfer switch 1. In other words, the static iron core 12 can be considered as a static component. Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the coil 14 is disposed adjacent to the static iron core 12 and annularly disposed outside the electromagnet 10. The yoke 16 is disposed side by side with the coil 14 and arranged between the coil 14 and the static iron core 12, and defines an inner space 15 together with the static iron core 12 and the coil 14.

[0026] The moving iron core 18 can partially move in the inner space 15. Figure 3 The above picture and Figure 4 As shown, the moving iron core 18 can move along the central axis A of the electromagnet 10 to the extreme position farthest from the stationary iron core 12. Figure 3 The following figure and Figure 5 As shown, the moving iron core 18 can move along the central axis A of the electromagnet 10 to the limit position closest to the stationary iron core 12. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the moving stroke S of the moving iron core 18 can be obtained between the two extreme positions. Figure 3 As shown, at least a portion of the coil 14 and at least a portion of the yoke 16 are disposed on the moving stroke S of the moving iron core 18 .

[0027] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet changes parabolically as the air gap decreases during the closing process. This structure fully optimizes the structural design of the electromagnet and improves the dynamic characteristics of the electromagnet.

[0028] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the stationary iron core 12 includes a protrusion 125, and the size of the protrusion 125 on the cross section perpendicular to the central axis A decreases inwardly along the central axis A. In the illustrated embodiment, the protrusion 125 of the stationary iron core 12 is conical, in other words, the conical surface of the stationary iron core 12 is convex outward. Correspondingly, the moving iron core 18 includes a recess 185 matching the protrusion 125 on the side facing the stationary iron core 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the recess 185 of the moving iron core 18 is conical, in other words, the conical surface of the moving iron core 18 is concave inward and matches the conical surface of the stationary iron core 12. This structure can guide the deflection of the magnetic lines of force, thereby not only reducing the magnetic resistance between the air gaps, but also enabling the moving iron core 18 to quickly reach magnetic saturation, thereby greatly improving its dynamic performance.

[0029] It should be noted that although the protrusion 125 of the stationary iron core 12 and the recess 185 of the moving iron core 18 are both shown as conical, this is only illustrative and not restrictive. In other feasible embodiments, the protrusion 125 of the stationary iron core 12 may also be stepped, and correspondingly, the recess 185 of the moving iron core 18 may also be stepped. Of course, other shapes are also feasible, as long as the protrusion 125 of the stationary iron core 12 and the recess 185 of the moving iron core 18 match each other, and these shapes all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0030] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, one end of the actuating rod 13 is inserted into the recess of the moving iron core 18, and an escape hole 182 is provided at the end of the recess. The escape hole 182 is used to ensure that metal debris can be discharged smoothly when processing the thread for connecting with the actuating rod 13. It should be noted that the escape hole 182 can be in the form of a cone as shown in the figure, or in the form of a frustum, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not particularly limited to this. This shape facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the moving iron core 18 and the static iron core 125, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0031] In some embodiments, Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the yoke 16 can be in a sheet-like stacked form, which can reduce costs. In addition, since there is an air gap with relatively large magnetic resistance between the sheet-like stacked yokes 16, this gap will guide the deflection of the magnetic lines and aggravate the attenuation of the magnetic force, thereby avoiding the electromagnet 10 from generating a large impact force during the conversion process, and further optimizing the performance of the electromagnet 10.

[0032] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, static iron cores and corresponding coils and magnetic yokes can be provided at both ends of the electromagnet 10. That is, in addition to the Figure 4 and Figure 5In addition to the static iron core 12 and the corresponding coil 14 and yoke 16 on the right side, the electromagnet 10 may also include another set of static iron cores, coils and yokes. Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the electromagnet 10 includes another static iron core 12' arranged on its left side, and the static iron core 12' is fixedly arranged on the base and arranged at the other end of the electromagnet 10. The electromagnet 10 may also include another coil 14' which is annular and arranged adjacent to the other static iron core 12'. The electromagnet 10 may also include another yoke 16'. As shown, the other yoke 16' is arranged between the other coil 14' and the other static iron core 12, and together with the static iron core 12, the coil 14, the other static iron core 12' and the other coil 14', an internal space 15 is defined. In some embodiments, at least a portion of another coil 14' and at least a portion of another yoke 16' are arranged on the moving stroke S between the first position and the second position of the moving iron core 18.

[0033] Similar to the protrusion 125 described above, in some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the other static iron core 12' may include another protrusion 125', and the size of the other protrusion 125' in the cross section perpendicular to the central axis A decreases inward along the central axis A. Correspondingly, the moving iron core 18 includes another recess 185' matching the other protrusion 125' on the side facing the other static iron core 12'. Through this structure, when the end of the moving iron core 18 exceeds the coil, the electromagnetic force can be greatly reduced, thereby significantly reducing the impact force when connected and disconnected.

[0034] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the yoke 16 and the other yoke 16 ′ have different sizes in the direction parallel to the moving axis A. Since the on and off forces of the switch are often inconsistent, the asymmetric design of the yoke can take into account this inconsistency, thereby further improving the performance of the electromagnet 10 .

[0035] Below Figure 4 and Figure 5 The working process of the electromagnet 10 of the exemplary embodiment shown is described. Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the electromagnet 10 is coupled to the actuating rod 13. When a power supply on one side (such as a common power supply) fails, a control component (not shown) can send a control signal to the electromagnet 10, thereby supplying power to the corresponding coil 14'. At this time, the moving iron core 18 is located Figure 4 After the coil 14' is energized, the moving iron core 18 moves to the Figure 4 The static iron core 12' on the left side approaches, thereby driving the actuating rod 13 to move to Figure 5The actuating rod 13 can be connected to the actuator via the connecting hole 135. Figure 1 and Figure 2 A series of transmission mechanisms 30 shown in the figure are used to disconnect the faulty power supply.

[0036] Almost simultaneously with disconnection of the faulty power supply or after a certain period of time, the control component sends a control signal to the electromagnet 10, thereby supplying power to the coil 14 on the other side (non-faulty side). At this time, the iron core 18 is located at Figure 5 After the coil 14 is energized, the moving iron core 18 moves to the Figure 5 The static iron core 12 on the right side approaches, thereby driving the actuating rod 13 to move to Figure 4 The actuating rod 13 can be connected to the actuator via the connecting hole 135. Figure 1 and Figure 2 A series of transmission mechanisms 30 shown in the figure are used to connect the backup power supply, thereby realizing the rapid conversion of the faulty power supply to the backup power supply.

[0037] The embodiment of the present disclosure also relates to an automatic transfer switch 1 including the electromagnet 10 described above. It should be noted that the electromagnet 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applicable to different types of automatic transfer switches. That is, the electromagnet 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be not only Figure 4 and Figure 5 The double-coil bidirectional electromagnet shown can also be a single-coil unidirectional electromagnet. These types of electromagnets all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0038] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnet (10) for an automatic transfer switch (1), comprising: A static iron core (12) is fixedly arranged on a base and arranged at an end of the electromagnet (10); A coil (14) is annular and is disposed adjacent to the static iron core (12); a magnetic yoke (16), disposed between the coil (14) and the static iron core (12), and defining an internal space (15) together with the static iron core (12) and the coil (14); and A moving iron core (18) is partially disposed in the internal space (15) and is configured to be movable along a central axis (A) of the electromagnet (10) relative to the stationary iron core (12) between a first position and a second position, At least a portion of the coil (14) and at least a portion of the yoke (16) are arranged on the moving stroke (S) between the first position and the second position of the moving iron core (18).

2. The electromagnet (10) according to claim 1, wherein the static iron core (12) comprises a protrusion (125), the size of which in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis (A) decreases inwardly along the central axis (A); and The moving iron core (18) includes a recess (185) matching the protrusion (125) on a side facing the stationary iron core (12).

3. The electromagnet (10) according to claim 2, wherein the protrusion (125) and the recess (185) are conical or stepped in shape.

4. The electromagnet (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an actuating rod (13) coupled to the moving iron core (18), the moving iron core (18) comprising a recess suitable for inserting the actuating rod (13), and an avoidance hole (182) being provided at the end of the recess.

5. The electromagnet (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: Another static iron core (12') is fixedly arranged on the base and arranged at the other end of the electromagnet (10); another coil (14') in an annular shape and disposed adjacent to the another static iron core (12'); and Another magnetic yoke (16') is arranged between the other coil (14') and the other static iron core (12), and defines the internal space (15) together with the static iron core (12), the coil (14), the other static iron core (12') and the other coil (14').

6. The electromagnet (10) according to claim 5, At least a portion of the other coil (14') and at least a portion of the other yoke (16') are arranged on the moving stroke (S) between the first position and the second position of the moving iron core (18).

7. The electromagnet (10) according to claim 5, wherein the yoke (16) and the further yoke (16') have different dimensions in a direction parallel to the movement axis (A).

8. The electromagnet (10) according to claim 5, wherein the other static iron core (12') comprises another protrusion (125'), the size of the other protrusion (125') in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis (A) decreases inwardly along the central axis (A); and The moving iron core (18) includes another recess (185') matching with the other protrusion (125') on a side facing the other stationary iron core (12').

9. An automatic transfer switch (1), comprising an electromagnet (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images