A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of battery packs, and discloses a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, which includes a housing body provided with a liquid cooling cavity and a local heat dissipation component; the housing body is used to carry the battery pack; the local heat dissipation component includes a local heat dissipation part and a driving mechanism, the local heat dissipation part is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity, and the driving mechanism is arranged on the housing body for driving the local heat dissipation part to slide on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity; the local heat dissipation part includes a second heat dissipation cavity and a first heat dissipation cavity arranged in sequence along the first direction. This heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack avoids the situation that the local temperature of the new energy vehicle battery pack rises too fast during use and cannot quickly respond to temperature changes, reduces the system energy consumption while improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, uniformity and stability of the battery pack, prolongs the service life of the battery pack and improves the reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery packs, and particularly to a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle market, the thermal management technology of battery packs, as their core components, has received increasing attention. During long-term high-speed operation, frequent start-stop, and extreme temperature environments (such as cold winters or hot summers) of new energy vehicles, the battery pack generates a large amount of heat, leading to a rapid rise in temperature. If heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and efficient manner, it will directly affect the performance, lifespan, and safety of the battery pack. At the same time, to meet the requirements of different usage scenarios (such as highway driving, urban traffic, off-road, etc.), the heat dissipation technology needs to balance heat dissipation efficiency, temperature uniformity, and overall system energy efficiency optimization. Therefore, the design of an efficient heat dissipation housing has become a key link in ensuring the performance and reliability of new energy vehicles.

[0003] In the prior art, the heat dissipation housing of new energy vehicle battery packs mainly adopts liquid cooling technology. This solution designs a liquid cooling cavity around the battery pack, and uses the circulating flow of the coolant to conduct the heat generated by the battery pack to the radiator for discharge. Liquid cooling can quickly and evenly remove heat and achieve the overall heat dissipation of the battery pack. However, since the existing liquid cooling technology mainly conducts large-area heat dissipation through the circulation of the coolant, and the temperature of the coolant is relatively uniform, during the flow of the coolant, local areas (such as parts with large heat generation in the battery pack) may form hot spots due to heat accumulation, resulting in uneven temperature distribution. The liquid cooling technology relies on the rapid flow of the coolant, but in the case of a sudden increase in local heat (such as vehicle acceleration or high-speed charging), the coolant cannot quickly respond to temperature changes, easily causing local overheating. To ensure the rapid circulation of the coolant, the existing liquid cooling technology usually requires a high-power circulation pump, increasing the energy consumption of the system, while areas with less heat generation may be over-cooled, resulting in uneven heat dissipation temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, which can avoid the rapid local temperature rise during the use of the new energy vehicle battery pack and the inability to quickly respond to temperature changes, reduce the system energy consumption while improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, uniformity, and stability of the battery pack, extend the service life of the battery pack, and improve its reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] Design a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, including a housing body with a liquid cooling cavity and a local heat dissipation component;

[0007] The housing body is used to carry the battery pack;

[0008] The local heat dissipation component includes a local heat dissipation piece and a driving mechanism. The local heat dissipation piece is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity, and the driving mechanism is arranged on the housing body and used to drive the local heat dissipation piece to slide on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity;

[0009] The local heat dissipation piece includes a second heat dissipation cavity and a first heat dissipation cavity arranged in sequence along a first direction. A heat exchange channel for mutual communication is formed between the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity, and both the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity are used to store the phase change liquid.

[0010] Optionally, the local heat dissipation piece further includes a local heat dissipation shell. The second heat dissipation cavity and the first heat dissipation cavity are sequentially arranged in the local heat dissipation shell along the first direction. The heat exchange channel is arranged in the local heat dissipation shell and located between the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity for mutual communication between the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity. The local heat dissipation shell is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity, and the second heat dissipation cavity is located at the end of the local heat dissipation shell close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity.

[0011] Optionally, a diversion metal sheet extending along the liquid flow direction of the coolant is arranged at the end of the local heat dissipation shell away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity. The diversion metal sheets are arranged in sequence along a second direction and at least part of them is located in the first heat dissipation cavity. A ceramic structure plate is fixedly connected to the end face of the local heat dissipation shell close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity. The ceramic structure plate at least partially shields the second heat dissipation cavity and is in contact connection with the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity.

[0012] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a threaded lead screw, and an adjusting mechanism. The driving motor is arranged on the housing body, and the output end is located in the liquid cooling cavity. One end of the threaded lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the liquid cooling cavity, and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving motor located in the liquid cooling cavity. The side of the adjusting mechanism is threadedly connected to the threaded lead screw through a threaded hole opened.

[0013] Optionally, the adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting seat, an adjusting rod, and an adjusting spring. The side of the adjusting seat is threadedly connected to the threaded lead screw through a threaded hole opened. The end face of the adjusting seat is sleeved on the surface of the adjusting rod through a groove opened. The adjusting spring is arranged in the groove of the adjusting seat and located between the adjusting seat and the adjusting rod. One end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the local heat dissipation shell.

[0014] Optionally, the housing body includes an installation shell. The liquid cooling cavity is opened in the installation shell. Liquid inlets and outlets are respectively opened at both ends of the installation shell, and both the liquid inlets and outlets are communicated with the liquid cooling cavity.

[0015] Optionally, a liquid circulation pump is further included. The input end of the liquid circulation pump is communicated with the liquid outlet through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid circulation pump is communicated with the liquid inlet through a pipeline.

[0016] Optionally, the installation shell is provided with a storage cavity for carrying the battery pack corresponding to the liquid cooling cavity, and heat conducting sheets for abutting against the battery pack are arranged on the inner wall of the storage cavity.

[0017] Optionally, a control component is further included. The control component includes a detection mechanism, a control module and a driver. The output end of the detection mechanism is electrically connected to the input end of the control module for monitoring the temperature area of the battery pack. The output end of the control module is electrically connected to the input end of the driver, and the output end of the driver is electrically connected to the drive motor.

[0018] Optionally, a one-way valve is arranged in the heat exchange channel. The one-way valve opens when the phase change liquid turns into gas in the second heat dissipation cavity, so that the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity are communicated with each other.

[0019] The present invention provides a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, having the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The heat dissipation housing of the battery pack carries the battery pack through the housing body. A coolant is introduced into the liquid cooling cavity to uniformly dissipate heat from the battery pack located inside the housing body, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the battery pack. The local heat dissipation component is slidably connected in the liquid cooling cavity and driven by a driving mechanism, and can move on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (i.e., the plate surface in contact with the battery pack and conducting heat). When the temperature of some areas of the battery pack rises rapidly or the local temperature is too high, the local heat dissipation component can slide to these high-temperature areas for precise heat dissipation, ensuring the accuracy of the battery pack temperature control. The local heat dissipation component is internally provided with a first heat dissipation cavity and a second heat dissipation cavity, which are respectively used to store phase change liquid. Through the heat exchange channel, the phase change liquid between the two heat dissipation cavities conducts heat exchange. When the local temperature of the battery pack rises rapidly, the local heat dissipation component will slide to the area where the heat is more concentrated and conduct heat through contact with the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity. At this time, the phase change material in the second heat dissipation cavity absorbs heat and vaporizes, and transfers to the first heat dissipation cavity, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation. The vaporized phase change material enters the first heat dissipation cavity and quickly releases heat through contact with the coolant in this cavity, causing the gas to condense and liquefy and flow back to the second heat dissipation cavity for cyclic heat absorption and heat release. The phase change material absorbs heat fully in the second heat dissipation cavity and dissipates heat fully in the first heat dissipation cavity, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, avoiding the uneven heat distribution of the phase change material due to its circulation in the same cavity, and avoiding the influence on the heat dissipation efficiency caused by the too high or too low local temperature of the phase change material. Through the efficient heat absorption and heat release characteristics of the phase change material, precise heat dissipation adjustment for different regions is achieved. The sliding of the local heat dissipation component in the liquid cooling cavity ensures the dynamic adjustment of the heat distribution, avoids the performance degradation caused by overheating or overcooling of a certain part of the battery pack, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, uniformity and stability of the battery pack, extending the service life of the battery pack and improving the reliability. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the heat dissipation housing of the battery pack in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a left-view sectional structural schematic diagram of the heat dissipation housing of the battery pack in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a front-view sectional structural schematic diagram of the heat dissipation housing of the battery pack in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a top-view sectional structural schematic diagram of the heat dissipation housing of the battery pack in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 in the present invention Figure 2 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A.

[0026] In the figure: 100, housing body; 110, liquid cooling cavity; 120, mounting housing; 130, liquid inlet; 140, liquid outlet; 150, storage cavity; 160, heat conducting sheet; 200, local heat dissipation component; 210, local heat dissipation part; 211, first heat dissipation cavity; 212, second heat dissipation cavity; 213, heat exchange channel; 214, local heat dissipation housing; 215, diversion metal sheet; 216, ceramic structure plate; 220, driving mechanism; 221, driving motor; 222, threaded lead screw; 223, adjusting mechanism; 2231, adjusting seat; 2232, adjusting rod; 2233, adjusting spring; 300, heat shield. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , the embodiments of the present invention provide a heat dissipation housing, which is applied to a battery housing according to the scenario of storing a battery pack. In this embodiment, by improving the structure of the heat dissipation housing, it has the advantage of being able to perform local and precise heat dissipation. Specifically, taking the heat dissipation housing of a new energy vehicle battery pack as an example, so as a preferred solution in this embodiment, the heat dissipation housing is specifically a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, which can uniformly dissipate heat from the whole during the use of the new energy vehicle battery pack, and at the same time perform precise heat dissipation for some areas with too fast temperature rise.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, including a housing body 100 provided with a liquid cooling cavity 110 and a local heat dissipation component 200;

[0030] The housing body 100 is used to carry the battery pack;

[0031] The local heat dissipation component 200 includes a local heat dissipation part 210 and a driving mechanism 220. The local heat dissipation part 210 is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the driving mechanism 220 is arranged on the housing body 100 and is used to drive the local heat dissipation part 210 to slide on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110;

[0032] The local heat dissipation member 210 includes a second heat dissipation cavity 212 and a first heat dissipation cavity 211 arranged in sequence along a first direction. A heat exchange channel 213 for mutual communication is formed between the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212. Both the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 are used for storing the phase change liquid. The second heat dissipation cavity 212 and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 arranged in sequence along the first direction are specifically arranged from bottom to top in sequence. The first direction represents the vertical direction, which is not only indicated by an arrow from bottom to top, but can also be from top to bottom;

[0033] The battery pack is carried by the housing body 100, and the coolant is introduced into the liquid cooling cavity 110 to uniformly dissipate heat from the battery pack located inside the housing body 100. The local heat dissipation member 210 is slidably connected in the liquid cooling cavity 110 and is driven by the driving mechanism 220, and can move on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 (i.e., the plate surface in contact with the battery pack and conducting heat). When the temperature of some areas of the battery pack rises relatively fast or the local temperature is too high, the local heat dissipation member 210 can slide to these high-temperature areas for precise heat dissipation, ensuring the accuracy of the temperature control of the battery pack. The first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 are provided inside the local heat dissipation member 210, which are respectively used for storing the phase change liquid (relatively speaking, for storing the phase change liquid, that is, two spaces connected by the heat exchange channel 213. Due to the action of gravity, the phase change liquid is concentrated and stored at the bottom wall of the lower heat dissipation cavity. When the phase change liquid is heated and vaporized, the generated gas rises and enters the upper heat dissipation cavity through the heat exchange channel 213). Through the heat exchange channel 213, the phase change liquid between the two heat dissipation cavities conducts heat exchange. When the local temperature of the battery pack rises relatively fast, the local heat dissipation member 210 will slide to the area where the heat is more concentrated and conduct heat through contact with the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110. At this time, the phase change material in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 absorbs heat and vaporizes, and transfers to the first heat dissipation cavity 211, thereby realizing efficient heat dissipation. The vaporized phase change material enters the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and quickly releases heat through contact with the coolant in this cavity, causing the gas to condense and liquefy and flow back to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 for cyclic heat absorption and heat release. The phase change material absorbs heat sufficiently in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 and dissipates heat sufficiently in the first heat dissipation cavity 211, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, realizing precise heat dissipation adjustment for different areas. The sliding of the local heat dissipation member 210 in the liquid cooling cavity 110 ensures the dynamic adjustment of the heat distribution, avoids the performance degradation caused by overheating or overcooling of a certain part of the battery pack, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, uniformity and stability of the battery pack, and extending the service life and improving the reliability of the battery pack;

[0034] The heat absorption efficiency of the coolant depends on the liquid. The commonly used coolant is an ethylene glycol aqueous solution. The specific heat capacity of the phase change liquid is larger than that of the coolant. The heat buffering effect of the phase change material is stronger than that of the coolant, the temperature change is smoother, and the heat conduction efficiency is higher. Since the battery pack of a new energy vehicle has the best working efficiency when it reaches a suitable temperature range during use, both too high and too low temperatures affect the use effect of the battery pack of the new energy vehicle. Therefore, overcooling cannot be carried out, so a coolant that will cause overcooling cannot be selected;

[0035] In this embodiment, the first heat dissipation cavity 211 is disposed in the local heat dissipation member 210 near the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 is disposed in the local heat dissipation member 210 corresponding to the first heat dissipation cavity 211 away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110. It can also be that the second heat dissipation cavity 212 is disposed in the local heat dissipation member 210 near the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 is disposed in the local heat dissipation member 210 corresponding to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110. That is, the first heat dissipation cavity 211 or the second heat dissipation cavity 212 near the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 absorbs heat, and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 or the second heat dissipation cavity 212 away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 releases heat;

[0036] In this embodiment, another specific problem is also solved. When the coolant is introduced into the liquid cooling cavity 110 and continuously moves in one direction until it is discharged from the liquid cooling cavity 110, the heat exchange effect of the part of the liquid cooling cavity 110 that first contacts the coolant is the best. As the coolant moves and absorbs heat, the heat exchange effect of the part of the liquid cooling cavity 110 away from the coolant inlet is relatively low, and the temperature rise of this part will be relatively high. At this time, the local heat dissipation member 210 can be slid to these high-temperature areas for auxiliary heat dissipation, that is, stay for a long time to assist heat dissipation, and at the same time, it can also move to the part where the temperature suddenly rises rapidly for key heat dissipation;

[0037] In this embodiment, it further includes a heat shield 300 which is disposed within the local heat dissipation member 210 and is used to form a first heat dissipation cavity 211 and a second heat dissipation cavity 212. The heat shield 300 is inclined along the second direction. One end of the heat shield 300 and the inner wall of the local heat dissipation member 210 form one of the heat exchange channels 213, and the other end of the heat shield 300 and the inner wall of the local heat dissipation member 210 form the other heat exchange channel 213. The phase change liquid in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 vaporizes and rises, and the gas is pre-collected through the cooperation of the heat shield 300. Subsequently, the gas enters the first heat dissipation cavity 211 through the heat exchange channel 213 formed by the upper end of the heat shield 300 relative to the inner wall of the local heat dissipation member 210 under the action of air pressure. After the gas in the first heat dissipation cavity 211 releases heat sufficiently, it condenses into a liquid and enters the second heat dissipation cavity 212 through the heat exchange channel 213 formed by the lower end of the heat shield 300 close to the inner wall of the local heat dissipation member 210. Through the setting of the heat shield 300, compared with the case where the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 are a whole cavity, the stagnation of the gas after the phase change liquid vaporizes in the middle part is avoided, and the heat exchange efficiency is effectively improved. The second heat dissipation cavity 212 focuses on heat absorption, and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 focuses on heat dissipation, avoiding the heat back transfer caused by the gas-liquid mixture in a single cavity.

[0038] In this embodiment, the heat shield 300 can be horizontally disposed along the second direction. The heat exchange channels 213 are opened in the middle part or both ends of the heat shield 300 to form one or two heat exchange channels 213. However, compared with the inclined setting of the heat shield 300, the heat exchange efficiency is relatively low, and there are easily situations of gas stagnation and liquid stagnation.

[0039] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the local heat dissipation member 210 further includes a local heat dissipation housing 214. The second heat dissipation cavity 212 and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 are sequentially formed in the local heat dissipation housing 214 along the first direction. The heat exchange channel 213 is formed in the local heat dissipation housing 214 and is located between the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 for communicating the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 with each other. The local heat dissipation housing 214 is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 is located at the end of the local heat dissipation housing 214 close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110. The local heat dissipation housing 214 slides on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 through the driving mechanism 220. When the temperature of a certain area of the battery pack rises abnormally, the second heat dissipation cavity 212 (the end close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110) accurately moves to the high-temperature position, and directly conducts heat with the battery pack through the local heat dissipation housing 214 to transfer the heat to the second heat dissipation cavity 212. At this time, the phase change material in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 absorbs heat and quickly vaporizes, and enters the upper first heat dissipation cavity 211 through the heat exchange channel 213. The first heat dissipation cavity 211 is far from the heat source, and the local heat dissipation housing 214 at its corresponding position is in full contact with the coolant in the liquid cooling cavity 110. The gaseous phase change material releases heat and liquefies here, and the liquefied phase change material flows back to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 through the heat exchange channel 213 under the action of gravity, forming a closed-loop cycle of "heat absorption - transfer - heat release - reflux". This process is completely driven by gravity without external power, and the circulation path is designed with a vertical double cavity layout, significantly improving the utilization rate of the phase change material, and realizing rapid heat release through the gas-liquid two-phase separation design, avoiding the "thermal short circuit" problem caused by the heat back transfer in the single cavity design.

[0040] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, a guiding metal sheet 215 extending along the coolant flow direction is provided at the end of the local heat dissipation shell 214 away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110. The guiding metal sheets 215 are arranged in sequence along the second direction and at least part of them are located in the first heat dissipation cavity 211. The end face of the local heat dissipation shell 214 close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 is fixedly connected with a ceramic structure plate 216. The ceramic structure plate 216 at least partially shields the second heat dissipation cavity 212 and is in contact connection with the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110. When the coolant flows through the local heat dissipation shell 214, the guiding metal sheets 215 are arranged in sequence along the second direction (i.e., extending along the liquid flow direction and arranged in multiple rows), dividing the coolant into multiple thin streams flowing between adjacent guiding metal sheets 215. By increasing the contact area between the coolant and the guiding metal sheets 215 and inducing the formation of turbulence at the same time, the disturbance effect of the coolant in the liquid cooling cavity 110 is significantly enhanced. Part of the guiding metal sheet 215 is embedded in the first heat dissipation cavity 211, enabling the coolant to directly wash the outer wall of the first heat dissipation cavity 211, accelerating the liquefaction process of the gaseous phase change material. The liquid phase change material flows back to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 through the heat exchange channel 213 under the action of gravity, forming a closed-loop cycle. The ceramic structure plate 216 is tightly attached to the inner bottom wall (battery contact surface) of the liquid cooling cavity 110 through a rigid connection method. Its high thermal conductivity can quickly transfer the local hot spot heat of the battery to the second heat dissipation cavity 212. The ceramic structure plate 216 partially shields the second heat dissipation cavity 212, which can prevent the phase change material from directly contacting the coolant and causing mixed pollution;

[0041] In this embodiment, when the local heat dissipation shell 214 moves in the direction opposite to the coolant flow direction after heat absorption, the flow rate of the coolant flowing between the guiding metal sheets 215 can be increased, which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency in the first heat dissipation cavity 211. At the same time, the coolant is reused, enabling the coolant to fully exchange heat and improving the utilization efficiency of cooling.

[0042] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the driving mechanism 220 includes a driving motor 221, a threaded lead screw 222, and an adjusting mechanism 223. The driving motor 221 is disposed on the housing body 100, and its output end is located within the liquid cooling cavity 110. One end of the threaded lead screw 222 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving motor 221 located within the liquid cooling cavity 110. The side surface of the adjusting mechanism 223 is threadedly connected to the threaded lead screw 222 through a threaded hole provided. The driving motor 221 drives the threaded lead screw 222 to rotate through its output end. One end of the threaded lead screw 222 is rotatably connected to the bearing structure of the inner side wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the other end is rigidly fixed to the driving motor 221, forming a stable rotation axis. The adjusting mechanism 223 meshes with the threaded lead screw 222 through the threaded hole on its side surface. When the threaded lead screw 222 rotates, the adjusting mechanism 223 translates along its axial direction, driving the local heat dissipation member 210 to slide on the guide rail at the bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110. The threaded lead screw 222 can prevent the local heat dissipation member 210 from shifting due to vibration or coolant flow, ensuring positioning stability. When abnormal temperature rise is detected in a certain area of the battery pack, the driving motor 221 drives the threaded lead screw 222 to rotate, and the adjusting mechanism 223 drives the local heat dissipation member 210 to move to the high-temperature area. Combining with the coolant circulation in the liquid cooling cavity 110, the dual heat dissipation of "active positioning + forced convection" is achieved. The driving motor 221 is a known prior art and is only cited here without excessive improvement;

[0043] The local heat dissipation shell 214 also plays a role in flow splitting and flow disturbance. By moving the local heat dissipation shell 214, it is possible to avoid a relatively thick boundary layer within the liquid cooling cavity 110, playing an auxiliary role in reducing the boundary layer and improving the cooling efficiency.

[0044] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the adjusting mechanism 223 includes an adjusting seat 2231, an adjusting rod 2232, and an adjusting spring 2233. The side surface of the adjusting seat 2231 is threadedly connected to the threaded lead screw 222 through a threaded hole provided. The end surface of the adjusting seat 2231 is sleeved on the surface of the adjusting rod 2232 through a groove provided. The adjusting spring 2233 is arranged in the groove of the adjusting seat 2231 and is located between the adjusting seat 2231 and the adjusting rod 2232. One end of the adjusting rod 2232 is fixedly connected to the local heat dissipation shell 214. By rotating the threaded lead screw 222, the adjusting seat 2231 threadedly connected thereto is driven to move along the axial direction of the lead screw. The adjusting spring 2233 and the adjusting rod 2232 are arranged in the groove of the adjusting seat 2231. When the adjusting seat 2231 moves, the spring is relatively compressed in the groove. When the adjusting seat 2231 cooperates with the adjusting rod 2232 to move the local heat dissipation shell 214 to the target position, the spring is relatively released, pushing the adjusting rod 2232 to press the local heat dissipation shell 214 against the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, that is, making the ceramic structure plate 216 press against the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110. During the use of the automotive battery pack for heat dissipation, the vehicle may have position offsets or dimensional changes due to vibrations, temperature changes, etc. The adjusting mechanism 223 can adaptively adjust to ensure that the local heat dissipation shell 214 is always in good contact with the bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, maintaining efficient heat conduction. The spring has the function of soft connection, avoiding hard connection collision between the local heat dissipation shell 214 and the bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, thereby prolonging the service life of the local heat dissipation shell 214 and the entire adjusting mechanism 223 and reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 4 , two adjusting mechanisms 223 are provided. The adjusting seat 2231 in one of the adjusting mechanisms 223 is threadedly connected to the threaded lead screw 222, and the other adjusting mechanism 223 is slidably connected to a guide rod parallel to the threaded lead screw 222 arranged in the liquid cooling cavity 110. Specifically, the adjusting seat 2231 in the other adjusting mechanism 223 is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod through a through hole parallel to the threaded lead screw 222, aiming to prevent the local heat dissipation member 210 from tilting during the movement process.

[0046] In the present embodiment, as a preferred solution, the shell body 100 includes a mounting shell 120, and the liquid cooling cavity 110 is opened in the mounting shell 120. The two ends of the mounting shell 120 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet 130 and a liquid outlet 140, and the liquid inlet 130 and the liquid outlet 140 are both connected to the liquid cooling cavity 110. The cooling liquid is injected into the liquid cooling cavity 110 from the liquid inlet 130 at one end of the mounting shell 120. The cooling liquid is evenly spread along the cavity flow channel, covering the inner surface of the entire liquid cooling cavity 110, and indirectly contacts the battery pack carried by the shell body 100. The liquid cooling cavity 110 absorbs the heat of the battery through its inner bottom wall (that is, the plate surface in thermal contact with the battery pack). The cooling liquid takes away the heat when flowing through the cavity, and then is discharged from the liquid outlet 140 at the other end to the external radiator to complete cooling, forming a closed-loop cycle. If the local temperature of the battery pack is abnormal, the driving mechanism 220 can adjust the position of the local heat sink 210 in the liquid cooling cavity 110 to further enhance the heat dissipation efficiency of the hot spot area.

[0047] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, a liquid circulation pump is also included. The input end of the liquid circulation pump is connected to the liquid outlet 140 through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid circulation pump is connected to the liquid inlet 130 through a pipeline. The liquid circulation pump is connected to the liquid outlet 140 of the heat dissipation shell through an input pipeline, and the output pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet 130. After starting, the circulation pump draws out the high-temperature coolant that has absorbed heat in the liquid cooling chamber 110 from the liquid outlet 140, and re-injects it into the liquid inlet 130 through the output pipeline after pressurization, forming a closed cycle. The liquid circulation pump is an existing well-known technology and is only referenced here.

[0048] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the mounting shell 120 is provided with a storage cavity 150 for carrying the battery pack corresponding to the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the inner wall of the storage cavity 150 is provided with a heat conductive sheet 160 for contacting the battery pack. The battery pack is embedded in the storage cavity 150, and the heat conductive sheet 160 (i.e., the heat conductive sheet 160 of the copper / aluminum-based composite material) pre-set on the inner wall of the storage cavity 150 forms a close contact with the surface of the battery pack. The heat conductive sheet 160 directly conducts the heat generated by the battery operation to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, forming a three-level heat transfer path of "battery-heat conductive sheet 160-cooling liquid".

[0049] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, it further includes a control component. The control component includes a detection mechanism, a control module, and a driver. The output end of the detection mechanism is electrically connected to the input end of the control module and is used to monitor the temperature area of the battery pack. The output end of the control module is electrically connected to the input end of the driver, and the output end of the driver is electrically connected to the drive motor 221. The detection mechanism (i.e., a distributed temperature sensor or a thermistor network, both of which are well-known prior arts) collects the temperature data of each area of the battery pack in real time and accurately locates the area with a faster temperature rise or too high temperature through the change of the parallel resistance value or the digital signal output. For example, when the temperature of a certain battery cell rises relatively fast, the sensor network will generate an abnormal signal. After receiving the signal, the control module judges the heat dissipation area to be adjusted based on a preset algorithm (such as temperature gradient analysis or heat source location model) and generates a control instruction. For example, if a local temperature difference is detected, the module will calculate the moving path and speed of the target local heat dissipation part 210. The driver (L298N motor drive module) converts the PWM signal output by the control module into a motor drive current, and the drive motor 221 drives the local heat dissipation part 210 to slide to the target position. For example, the drive motor 221 moves the local heat dissipation part 210 to the high-temperature area to achieve precise heat dissipation.

[0050] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, a one-way valve is provided in the heat exchange channel 213. The one-way valve opens when the phase change liquid turns into gas in the second heat dissipation cavity 212, making the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 communicate with each other. When the local temperature of the battery pack rises, the phase change material in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 absorbs heat and vaporizes, and the volume expansion causes the internal pressure of the cavity to rise. At this time, the one-way valve in the heat exchange channel 213 automatically opens due to the pressure difference, and the gaseous phase change material quickly enters the first heat dissipation cavity 211 from the second heat dissipation cavity 212 through the one-way valve. Since the one-way valve only allows one-way flow, the gaseous material cannot flow back reversely, ensuring the singularity of the heat transfer path. After the gaseous phase change material enters the first heat dissipation cavity 211, it contacts the coolant and quickly releases heat and liquefies. The liquefied phase change material naturally falls to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 under the action of gravity through an independent return channel (or through another valve-free channel after the one-way valve is closed). During this process, the one-way valve closes due to the pressure reduction in the second heat dissipation cavity 212, preventing the liquid material from flowing back through the original path and avoiding the phase change material from being "drawn back" to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 in advance when it is not completely liquefied, thus ensuring the integrity of the heat dissipation cycle. At this time, the one-way valve is used in only one heat exchange channel 213, that is, it is provided in the heat exchange channel 213 formed by the upper end of the heat insulation plate 300 relative to the local heat dissipation part 210 and the inner wall of the local heat dissipation part 210.

[0051] During use of this embodiment, the coolant is introduced into the liquid cooling chamber 110 through the connection between the liquid circulation pump and the liquid inlet 130. After the coolant flows to the liquid outlet 140 in the liquid cooling chamber 110, it is discharged into the liquid circulation pump through the liquid outlet 140 to realize the circulation of the coolant. The battery pack is embedded in the storage chamber 150, and the heat conductive sheet 160 (i.e., the heat conductive sheet 160 of the copper / aluminum-based composite material) pre-set on the inner wall of the storage chamber 150 forms a close contact (i.e., abutment) with the surface of the battery pack. The heat conductive sheet 160 directly conducts the heat generated by the battery operation to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The coolant in the liquid cooling chamber 110 absorbs the heat of the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. At the same time, the temperature of each area of ​​the battery pack is monitored by the detection mechanism (which can also be a monitoring mechanism). When it is detected that the local temperature of the battery pack rises rapidly or the local temperature difference is large, the control module controls the drive motor 221 to operate through the driver, and the threaded screw 2 22 drives the adjustment seat 2231 to drive the local heat dissipation shell 214 to move to the corresponding abnormal area. Through the action of the adjustment rod 2232 and the adjustment spring 2233, the ceramic structure plate 216 at the bottom of the local heat dissipation shell 214 is abutted against the bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The ceramic structure plate 216 not only has high thermal conductivity, but also has high hardness and better wear resistance. In the scene where it needs to be moved, the relatively longer service life, the ceramic structure plate 216 conducts heat to the second heat dissipation chamber 212, and absorbs heat and sublimates through the phase change liquid built into the second heat dissipation chamber 212. The generated gas enters the first heat dissipation chamber 211 through the heat exchange channel 213 formed between the upper end of the heat shield 300 and the inner wall of the local heat dissipation shell 214. Through the cooperation of the first heat dissipation chamber 211 and the guide metal sheet 215 and the heat exchange with the coolant, the phase change gas is given enough heat exchange space and time to condense into a phase change liquid and then flow into the second heat dissipation chamber 212.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, characterized in that: It includes a housing body (100) provided with a liquid cooling cavity (110) and a local heat dissipation component (200); The housing body (100) is used to carry a battery pack; The local heat dissipation component (200) includes a local heat dissipation part (210) and a driving mechanism (220). The local heat dissipation part (210) is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110). The driving mechanism (220) is arranged on the housing body (100) and is used to drive the local heat dissipation part (210) to slide on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110); The local heat dissipation part (210) includes a second heat dissipation cavity (212) and a first heat dissipation cavity (211) arranged in sequence along a first direction. A heat exchange channel (213) for mutual communication is formed between the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212). Both the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212) are used to store a phase change liquid.

2. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The local heat dissipation part (210) further includes a local heat dissipation shell (214). The second heat dissipation cavity (212) and the first heat dissipation cavity (211) are sequentially arranged in the local heat dissipation shell (214) along the first direction. The heat exchange channel (213) is arranged in the local heat dissipation shell (214) and is located between the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212) for mutual communication between the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212). The local heat dissipation shell (214) is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110), and the second heat dissipation cavity (212) is located at the end of the local heat dissipation shell (214) close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110).

3. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: A diversion metal sheet (215) extending along the coolant flow direction is arranged at the end of the local heat dissipation shell (214) away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110). The diversion metal sheets (215) are arranged in sequence along a second direction and at least part of them is located in the first heat dissipation cavity (211). A ceramic structure plate (216) is fixedly connected to the end face of the local heat dissipation shell (214) close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110). The ceramic structure plate (216) at least partially covers the second heat dissipation cavity (212) and is in contact connection with the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110).

4. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (220) includes a driving motor (221), a threaded lead screw (222) and an adjusting mechanism (223). The driving motor (221) is arranged on the housing body (100), and the output end is located in the liquid cooling cavity (110). One end of the threaded lead screw (222) is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110), and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving motor (221) located in the liquid cooling cavity (110). The side of the adjusting mechanism (223) is threadedly connected to the threaded lead screw (222) through a threaded hole opened.

5. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 4, wherein: The adjusting mechanism (223) includes an adjusting base (2231), an adjusting rod (2232) and an adjusting spring (2233). The side surface of the adjusting base (2231) is threadedly connected to the threaded lead screw (222) through a threaded hole provided. The end surface of the adjusting base (2231) is sleeved on the surface of the adjusting rod (2232) through a groove provided. The adjusting spring (2233) is arranged in the groove of the adjusting base (2231) and is located between the adjusting base (2231) and the adjusting rod (2232). One end of the adjusting rod (2232) is fixedly connected to the local heat dissipation shell (214).

6. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing body (100) includes a mounting shell (120). The liquid cooling cavity (110) is provided in the mounting shell (120). Liquid inlets (130) and liquid outlets (140) are respectively provided at both ends of the mounting shell (120). The liquid inlets (130) and the liquid outlets (140) are both communicated with the liquid cooling cavity (110).

7. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: It further includes a liquid circulation pump. The input end of the liquid circulation pump is communicated with the liquid outlet (140) through a pipeline. The output end of the liquid circulation pump is communicated with the liquid inlet (130) through a pipeline.

8. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting shell (120) is provided with a storage cavity (150) corresponding to the liquid cooling cavity (110) for carrying the battery pack. A heat conducting sheet (160) for abutting against the battery pack is provided on the inner wall of the storage cavity (150).

9. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a control component. The control component includes a detection mechanism, a control module and a driver. The output end of the detection mechanism is electrically connected to the input end of the control module for monitoring the temperature range of the battery pack. The output end of the control module is electrically connected to the input end of the driver. The output end of the driver is electrically connected to the drive motor (221).

10. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is arranged in the heat exchange channel (213). The one-way valve opens when the phase change liquid turns into gas in the second heat dissipation cavity (212), so that the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212) are communicated with each other.

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