Serial port unvarnished transmission NFC double-interface communication module and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a serial port unvarnished transmission NFC (Near Field Communication) double-interface communication module and a control method thereof. The module comprises a circuit board body which is arranged in a preset home access control scene; the NFC control module is arranged on the circuit board body, performs near-field radio frequency communication with an external reader-writer through an NFC interface, and communicates with an upper computer through a serial port bus interface of the circuit board body; the control module is used for receiving an access permission configuration instruction of an upper computer according to a preset radio frequency layer communication mode and storing permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instruction in the NFC control module; according to a preset application layer communication mode, authentication data sent by an external reader-writer is analyzed in real time through the NFC interface, and matching verification is carried out on the authentication data and the permission information; if the authentication data passes the verification, triggering a door lock opening or closing action of the target access control equipment; and a feedback signal of the access control equipment is dynamically monitored, and if abnormal operation or overtime non-response is detected, encrypted alarm information is sent to an external reader-writer through the NFC interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of intelligent control technology, and in particular to a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart devices, near field communication (NFC) technology has been widely used in data transmission and device interconnection. NFC technology has been widely used in access control and other scenarios due to its convenience and speed.

[0003] However, traditional NFC modules only support the basic communication protocol of the radio frequency layer, which makes it impossible to balance communication reliability and data processing efficiency in complex access control scenarios. At the same time, existing technologies mostly use a one-way data transmission architecture, which can neither conduct real-time two-way communication with the host computer through the serial bus interface, nor lack a transparent conversion mechanism between protocol data and serial port data, resulting in a very simple control function.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a communication module to solve at least one of the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] This application provides a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module and its control method, aiming to solve the problem that the traditional NFC module only supports the basic communication protocol of the radio frequency layer, resulting in the inability to balance communication reliability and data processing efficiency in complex access control scenarios. At the same time, the existing technology mostly adopts a one-way data transmission architecture, which can neither perform real-time two-way communication with the host computer through the serial port bus interface, nor lack a transparent conversion mechanism between protocol data and serial port data, resulting in a very single control function.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module, comprising:

[0007] A circuit board body, wherein the circuit board body is arranged in a preset home access control scene;

[0008] An NFC control module is arranged on the circuit board body. The NFC control module performs near field radio frequency communication with an external reader / writer through an NFC interface, and communicates with a host computer through a serial bus interface of the circuit board body, thereby realizing bidirectional transparent conversion between NFC protocol data and serial bus data;

[0009] The control module is arranged in the NFC control module or independently arranged on the circuit board body, and is used to receive the access permission configuration instruction of the upper computer according to the preset radio frequency layer communication mode, and store the permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instruction in the NFC control module; parse the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, and match and verify it with the permission information; if the authentication data verification is passed, generate an access control instruction and send it to the target access control device through the serial bus interface, triggering the door lock opening or closing action of the target access control device; dynamically monitor the feedback signal of the access control device, and if abnormal operation is detected or no response is detected after timeout, send encrypted alarm information to the external reader / writer through the NFC interface.

[0010] In some embodiments, the authentication data includes at least the current user authentication duration and the current door lock opening frequency corresponding to the target access control device; before the authentication data sent by the external reader is parsed in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, it also includes: the control module obtains the historical user authentication duration and the historical door lock opening frequency corresponding to the target access control device through the NFC interface; the control module calculates the abnormality index according to the current user authentication duration, the current opening frequency, the historical user authentication duration and the historical door lock opening frequency. If it is determined that the authentication data is abnormal according to the abnormality index, a secondary verification information is sent through the reader, so that after the secondary verification is passed, the authentication data sent by the external reader is parsed in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode.

[0011] In some embodiments, the real-time parsing of authentication data sent by an external reader / writer through the NFC interface according to a preset application layer communication mode includes: the control module obtaining the radio frequency signal strength received by the NFC interface; if the radio frequency signal strength is lower than -25dBm, the real-time parsing of the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer through the NFC interface according to the radio frequency layer communication mode; and / or, the control module obtains the idle time corresponding to the target access control device, if the idle time is greater than the preset time, the real-time parsing of the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer through the NFC interface according to the radio frequency layer communication mode.

[0012] In some embodiments, in the RF layer communication mode, the circuit board body supplies power to the antenna matching circuit of the NFC control module; in the application layer communication mode, the circuit board body supplies full power to the digital baseband processing unit and the encryption coprocessor of the NFC control module.

[0013] In some embodiments, if the door lock opening action of the target access control device is triggered, the control module sends an infrared learning code through the NFC interface to start the smart home device associated with the target access control device; if the door lock closing action of the target access control device is triggered and no person is detected entering or exiting the home access control scene within a preset time range, the control module generates an energy-saving mode instruction and sends it to the energy-saving device through the serial bus interface; the energy-saving device includes at least an air conditioner.

[0014] In some embodiments, the permission information includes temporary access permission data and fixed permission data; the NFC control module has a built-in EEPROM memory, and the permission information is stored in the EEPROM memory, and the EEPROM memory is divided into a first buffer zone and a second buffer zone; the first buffer zone stores the temporary access permission data; the second buffer zone stores the fixed permission data, and the fixed permission data in the second buffer zone is only allowed to be rewritten after the physical fuse bit is triggered.

[0015] Exemplarily, the matching and verification with the permission information includes: the control module matching and verifying the authentication data with temporary access permission data of the first buffer data, and if the verification fails, matching and verifying with solidified permission data of the second buffer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the communication protocol of the NFC interface is ISO / IEC 14443-A, the RF layer communication mode is generated based on the ISO / IEC 14443-3 protocol, the application layer communication mode is generated based on the ISO / IEC 14443-4 protocol, the operating frequency of the NFC interface is 13.56 MHz, and the data transmission rate of the NFC interface is 106 Kbps.

[0017] In some embodiments, the voltage of the power input terminal of the circuit board body is 5V, the terminal field strength of the circuit board body ranges from 1.5 to 7.5A / m, and the operating temperature range of the circuit board body is -40 to 85°C.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a control method for a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module, which is applied to a control module of a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module provided in any embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:

[0019] Receive the access permission configuration instruction of the host computer according to the preset radio frequency layer communication mode, and store the permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instruction in the NFC control module;

[0020] Parsing the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, and matching and verifying it with the permission information;

[0021] If the authentication data is verified, an access control instruction is generated and sent to the target access control device through the serial bus interface, triggering the door lock opening or closing action of the target access control device;

[0022] Dynamically monitor the feedback signal of the access control device. If abnormal operation or no response after timeout is detected, send encrypted alarm information to the external reader through the NFC interface.

[0023] The present application discloses a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module and its control method. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module is an innovative technical solution for smart access control scenarios. Its core lies in achieving efficient and reliable two-way communication and intelligent control through hardware architecture optimization and communication protocol integration.

[0024] First, the dual-interface communication architecture design provided includes:

[0025] RF layer communication interface: Build a near-field RF channel based on the NFC control module, support standard protocols such as ISO / IEC 14443 and ISO / IEC 15693, and realize wireless data interaction with external readers and writers (such as mobile phones and NFC cards).

[0026] Serial bus interface: directly connected to the host computer (such as access control controller, embedded host) through UART or SPI interface, supports universal serial port protocols such as RS-232 / 485, and realizes high-speed data transmission.

[0027] Through the embedded protocol parsing engine, the format conversion between NFC protocol data packets and serial port data frames (such as the mapping of APDU instructions and ASCII codes) is automatically completed without additional programming intervention.

[0028] This application also implements hierarchical permission control and dynamic verification:

[0029] Permission configuration layer: The host computer sends access permission configuration instructions (such as user whitelist and time-limited permissions) through the serial port, which are stored in the EEPROM security area of ​​the NFC control module and support AES-128 encrypted storage.

[0030] Real-time analysis at the application layer: Using a state machine model, the authentication data (such as UID, digital certificate) sent by the external reader is analyzed layer by layer, matching the encrypted hash value in the permission library, and generating access control operation instructions after verification.

[0031] Exception handling mechanism: The integrated Watchdog timer monitors the response status of the access control device. If illegal unlocking, command conflict or timeout failure (such as >5 seconds) is detected, an encrypted alarm (using the SM4 national encryption algorithm to encapsulate abnormal information) is triggered and sent back to the reader. At the same time, the radio frequency communication adopts time-division multiplexing technology to support multi-tag polling to avoid data conflicts. The serial port channel adopts DMA (direct memory access) mode to reduce CPU load and ensure the real-time performance of door lock control instructions.

[0032] The communication module and method provided have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) RF and serial port complementarity: In a complex electromagnetic environment (such as metal door interference), if the NFC signal is interfered with, the serial port can receive redundant instructions from the host computer to ensure communication continuity.

[0034] (2) Breaking through the limitation of traditional one-way transmission, supporting concurrent operation of the reader and the host computer (such as updating permissions and reading door lock status at the same time), the system throughput is improved. For example, when a visitor applies for temporary permissions through the NFC of a mobile phone, the access control host can issue authorization through the serial port in real time, and the whole process of "application-authorization-unlocking" can be completed in seconds. At the same time, the working mode (such as reader mode / card simulation mode) can be switched through the host computer command to adapt to different access control protocols (such as Wiegand, OSDP).

[0035] (3) Transparent interface design: Developers do not need to deeply understand the underlying NFC protocol. They can directly send AT commands through the serial port to complete function calls, shortening the development cycle. The module is compatible with mainstream NFC control modules (such as NXP PN5180, ST25R3916), and can adapt to new protocols through firmware upgrades to extend the device life cycle.

[0036] The communication module provided in this application can be applied to the following scenarios:

[0037] (1) Smart home access control: supports mobile phone NFC unlocking and linkage with the home central control screen, and pushes encrypted alarms to the owner's mobile phone when abnormal unlocking occurs.

[0038] (2) Office building access control: Dynamic management of employee card permissions, supporting rapid batch permission issuance during peak hours (such as temporary visitor permissions).

[0039] (3) Industrial safety control: Replace mechanical keys in explosion-proof environments and ensure reliable door control in emergency situations through NFC+serial port dual channels.

[0040] (4) Building elevator control advertising screen / underground garage light board scenario: In scenarios without network coverage, the display content can be quickly changed by installing the provided communication module in the corresponding advertising machine / light board.

[0041] In summary, the module effectively solves the real-time, reliability and security problems in complex access control scenarios through dual-interface communication architecture, transparent protocol conversion and dynamic security verification mechanism. Its technical value is reflected in upgrading NFC communication from a single data carrier to an intelligent interactive node, providing a cost-effective standardized solution for the IoT access control system.

[0042] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a control method for a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a control module provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0047] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may also be decomposed, combined or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0050] It should be understood that, in order to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, the words "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art can understand that the words "first", "second", etc. do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words "first", "second", etc. do not necessarily limit the difference.

[0051] It should be understood that the terms used in this application specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the application. As used in this application specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0052] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification and appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0053] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0054] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart devices, near field communication (NFC) technology has been widely used in data transmission and device interconnection. NFC technology has been widely used in access control and other scenarios due to its convenience and speed.

[0055] However, traditional NFC modules only support the basic communication protocol of the radio frequency layer, which makes it impossible to balance communication reliability and data processing efficiency in complex access control scenarios. At the same time, existing technologies mostly use a one-way data transmission architecture, which can neither conduct real-time two-way communication with the host computer through the serial bus interface, nor lack a transparent conversion mechanism between protocol data and serial port data, resulting in a very simple control function.

[0056] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a communication module to solve at least one of the above problems.

[0057] To solve the above problems, please refer to Figure 1The present application provides a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module, comprising: a circuit board body 1, the circuit board body 1 is set in a preset home access control scene; an NFC control module 2, which is set on the circuit board body 1, and the NFC control module 2 performs near-field radio frequency communication with an external reader / writer through an NFC interface, and communicates with a host computer through a serial port bus interface of the circuit board body 1 to achieve bidirectional transparent conversion of NFC protocol data and serial port bus data; a control module 3, which is set in the NFC control module 2 or independently set on the circuit board body 1, and is used to receive the host computer according to a preset radio frequency layer communication mode. The NFC control module 2 reads the access permission configuration instructions of the access control device, and stores the permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instructions in the NFC control module 2; the authentication data sent by the external reader is parsed in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, and matches and verifies it with the permission information; if the authentication data is verified, an access control instruction is generated and sent to the target access control device through the serial bus interface, triggering the door lock opening or closing action of the target access control device; the feedback signal of the access control device is dynamically monitored, and if an abnormal operation or no response is detected after a timeout, an encrypted alarm message is sent to the external reader through the NFC interface.

[0058] Specifically, the circuit board body 1 serves as the physical basis of the module, and the circuit board body 1 is designed for home access control scenarios to ensure that the module can be stably installed in the access control system.

[0059] The NFC control module 2 is responsible for processing NFC radio frequency communication and serial bus communication. The NFC control module 2 performs near field radio frequency communication with an external reader / writer through the NFC interface, and communicates with the host computer through the serial bus interface to achieve bidirectional transparent conversion of data.

[0060] The control unit can be integrated into the NFC control module 2 or independently set on the circuit board body 1. It is responsible for receiving the access permission configuration instructions from the host computer and storing the permission information corresponding to these instructions in the NFC control module 2. In addition, the control unit is also responsible for parsing the authentication data sent by the external reader and writer, and matching and verifying it with the stored permission information. If the authentication data is verified, the control unit will generate an access control instruction and send it to the target access control device through the serial bus interface to trigger the opening or closing action of the door lock. At the same time, the control unit also dynamically monitors the feedback signal of the access control device. If an abnormal operation or timeout is detected without response, it will send an encrypted alarm message to the external reader and writer through the NFC interface.

[0061] For example, by installing the serial port transparent NFC dual-interface communication module in the access control system, ensure that the circuit board body 1 is correctly connected to the access control device. Then, configure the access rights through the host computer and store the permission information in the NFC control module 2. When the external reader is close to the access control system, the NFC control module 2 communicates with the reader through the NFC interface to receive the authentication data. The control unit parses the data and matches and verifies it with the stored permission information. If the authentication data is verified, the control unit generates an access control instruction and sends it to the target access control device through the serial bus interface to trigger the opening or closing of the door lock. The control unit dynamically monitors the feedback signal of the access control device. If an abnormal operation or a timeout is detected without response, it will send an encrypted alarm message to the external reader through the NFC interface to ensure the security of the system.

[0062] Through two-way communication between the NFC interface and the serial bus interface, the module can achieve reliable communication in complex access control scenarios, reducing the risk of communication interruption or data loss. The module can parse and verify authentication data in real time, quickly generate access control instructions, significantly improve data processing efficiency, and shorten access control response time. By dynamically monitoring the feedback signals of access control devices and sending encrypted alarm information, the module can promptly detect and handle abnormal operations and enhance the security of the access control system. The design of the module takes into account compatibility with existing access control systems, simplifies the system integration process, and reduces the complexity of installation and maintenance.

[0063] The dual-interface communication mechanism provided by this application includes: by integrating the NFC radio frequency interface and the serial bus interface, a dual-channel data transmission system of the physical layer and the application layer is constructed. The radio frequency layer uses the ISO / IEC 14443 Type A / B protocol to realize near-field communication, and the serial port layer realizes real-time interaction with the host computer based on the UART / USART protocol.

[0064] By embedding the protocol conversion engine in the NFC control module 2, real-time bidirectional conversion between NFC protocol data packets (APDU instruction set) and serial port data frames (ASCII code instructions) is achieved. The conversion process adopts a dynamic buffer management mechanism and realizes zero-copy data transmission through the DMA controller.

[0065] The host computer is supported to dynamically configure permission parameters through the AT instruction set, including but not limited to: user permission level (0-255), effective time window (±30 days with an accuracy of 1 second), geographic fence coordinates (WGS84 format), etc. The permission information is stored in the EEPROM secure storage area of ​​NFC control module 2 and is protected by AES-128 encryption.

[0066] For the provided circuit board body 1, if a four-layer board stacking structure is used, the RF trace is matched with 50Ω impedance. The NFC antenna uses a 13.56MHz loop antenna, and the Q value is controlled in the range of 35-40. The serial port interface is configured with a TVS diode array (SMDJ5.0A) to achieve ESD protection. The integrated LDO voltage regulator circuit (input 5V, output 3.3V / 500mA) is equipped with a supercapacitor energy storage module (0.47F) to ensure that the permission data is saved for ≥72 hours after power failure. The input signals of the circuit board body 1 are UART TXD signal and UART RXD signal, and the GND of the circuit board body 1 is the common ground.

[0067] Among them, the comparison between this technical solution and the traditional NFC module is shown in the following table:

[0068]

[0069] In some embodiments, the authentication data includes at least the current user authentication duration and the current door lock opening frequency corresponding to the target access control device; before the authentication data sent by the external reader is parsed in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, it also includes: the control module 3 obtains the historical user authentication duration and the historical door lock opening frequency corresponding to the target access control device through the NFC interface; the control module 3 calculates the abnormality index according to the current user authentication duration, the current opening frequency, the historical user authentication duration and the historical door lock opening frequency. If it is determined that the authentication data is abnormal according to the abnormality index, a secondary verification information is sent through the reader, so that after the secondary verification is passed, the authentication data sent by the external reader is parsed in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode.

[0070] The authentication data at least includes the current user authentication time and the current door lock opening frequency corresponding to the target access control device. These data are used to evaluate the normality of the current operation.

[0071] Before parsing the authentication data sent by the external reader, the control module 3 obtains the historical user authentication duration and historical door lock opening frequency corresponding to the target access control device through the NFC interface. These historical data are used for comparison and analysis with the current data.

[0072] The control module 3 calculates the abnormality index based on the following data: the current user authentication time; the current door lock opening frequency; the historical user authentication time; the historical door lock opening frequency. The calculation of the abnormality index can adopt a weighted algorithm or a statistical analysis model, for example, quantifying the degree of deviation between the current data and the historical data. If the authentication data is judged to be abnormal according to the abnormality index (for example, the current user authentication time deviates significantly from the historical value, or the door lock opening frequency increases abnormally), the control module 3 will send a secondary verification message through the reader.

[0073] The secondary verification may include the following methods: requiring the user to swipe the card again or enter the password. Manual confirmation through the host computer. Sending a verification request to a mobile device (such as a mobile phone) for confirmation. Only after the secondary verification is passed, the control module 3 will parse the authentication data sent by the external reader in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, and continue the subsequent access control operation.

[0074] The embodiment significantly improves the security and intelligence level of the access control system by introducing the abnormal index calculation and secondary verification mechanism. By comparing the current data with the historical data, abnormal operations (such as illegal intrusion or system failure) can be discovered in time, and confirmed through the secondary verification mechanism, effectively preventing unauthorized access. The calculation of the abnormal index is based on data analysis and statistical models, which can dynamically evaluate the normality of the operation, reduce the misjudgment rate, and improve the system's automated processing capabilities.

[0075] When an abnormality is detected, the access control command will not be executed directly, but the safety of the operation will be ensured through secondary verification, which reduces the risk of the access control system being attacked or misoperated. Although the secondary verification mechanism is introduced, it will only be triggered when an abnormality is detected, which has little impact on the operation process of normal users, ensuring the smoothness of the user experience. Through the comparative analysis of historical data and current data, more accurate decisions can be made based on data-driven, improving the overall performance and reliability of the access control system.

[0076] In some embodiments, the real-time parsing of authentication data sent by an external reader / writer through the NFC interface according to a preset application layer communication mode includes: the control module 3 obtains the radio frequency signal strength received by the NFC interface; if the radio frequency signal strength is lower than -25dBm, the real-time parsing of the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer through the NFC interface according to the radio frequency layer communication mode; and / or, the control module 3 obtains the idle time corresponding to the target access control device, if the idle time is greater than the preset time, the real-time parsing of the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer through the NFC interface according to the radio frequency layer communication mode.

[0077] The embodiment optimizes the dynamic switching mechanism of the communication mode of the serial port transparent NFC dual-interface communication module, which mainly involves the control logic of the selection of the communication mode by the RF signal strength and the idle time of the access control device. The control module 3 monitors the RF signal strength (RSSI value) received by the NFC interface in real time, for example, through the built-in RF signal detection circuit or software algorithm of the NFC control module 2. The preset threshold of the RF signal strength is -25dBm. When the current signal strength is detected to be lower than -25dBm, it means that the communication distance between the reader and the module is far or there is interference, which may cause data parsing failure.

[0078] Control module 3 automatically switches from the application layer communication mode to the RF layer communication mode (i.e., the basic communication protocol layer). In the RF layer mode, the module only parses the basic data packets in the RF communication (such as device ID, basic instructions), and discards the complex application layer protocols (such as encrypted data, extended instructions) to reduce the parsing complexity and improve communication reliability. After completing the parsing of the authentication data in the RF layer mode, if the data is legal, the access control command can still be generated and sent to the target access control device through the serial port.

[0079] At the same time, the control module 3 continuously records the idle time of the target access control device (i.e., the time interval without receiving any operation instructions) through the serial bus interface or the internal timer. The preset idle time is T minutes (for example, 30 minutes, configurable). When the idle time exceeds T minutes, it means that the access control device is in a low utilization state. The control module 3 actively switches to the RF layer communication mode to reduce the power consumption of the module. In the RF layer mode, the NFC control module 2 only maintains the basic communication function and turns off the high-power modules related to the application layer protocol parsing (such as the encryption algorithm unit). When the access control device is operated again (such as the user swiping the card), the control module 3 automatically switches back to the application layer communication mode and restores the complete protocol parsing function.

[0080] The embodiment allows two trigger conditions (low RF signal strength and excessive idle time) to take effect independently or jointly. For example: the RF layer mode is triggered only when the RF signal strength is low. The RF layer mode is triggered only when the idle time exceeds the limit. When both conditions are met at the same time, the scenario of low RF signal strength is responded to first.

[0081] When the RF signal strength recovers to above -25dBm, or the idle time is reset due to a new operation, the control module 3 automatically switches back to the application layer communication mode.

[0082] By dynamically switching the communication mode, the module's adaptability, energy efficiency and reliability are significantly optimized. When the signal strength is weak (such as long distance or electromagnetic interference), it is downgraded to the RF layer mode to reduce the complexity of data parsing, avoid communication interruption caused by application layer protocol parsing failure, and ensure the availability of basic access control functions. When the access control device is idle, it switches to the low-power RF layer mode to reduce the energy consumption of the module, which is especially suitable for battery-powered or long-term standby scenarios. The dynamic switching mechanism enables the module to automatically adjust the working mode according to the actual usage status (such as signal strength, device activity), taking into account high performance and low power consumption requirements. In the RF layer mode, only basic protocol data is processed, which can reduce system failures caused by application layer protocol errors, and provide clearer debugging information for abnormal scenarios (such as insufficient signal strength alarm). Mode switching is transparent to users, and functions are downgraded only when necessary without affecting normal operation processes. For example, if the signal strength is restored when the user swipes the card, the full function can still be used seamlessly.

[0083] In some embodiments, in the radio frequency layer communication mode, the circuit board body 1 supplies power to the antenna matching circuit of the NFC control module 2; in the application layer communication mode, the circuit board body 1 supplies full power to the digital baseband processing unit and the encryption coprocessor of the NFC control module 2.

[0084] The embodiment optimizes the power supply strategy of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module, and further reduces power consumption and improves energy efficiency by dynamically adjusting the power supply mode.

[0085] In the RF layer communication mode, the circuit board body 1 only supplies power to the antenna matching circuit of the NFC control module 2. The antenna matching circuit is a basic component of RF communication, which is used to ensure the signal transmission efficiency between the NFC antenna and the external reader. Other high-power modules (such as the digital baseband processing unit, encryption coprocessor, etc.) are in a power-off or low-power state in the RF layer mode to reduce energy consumption. This mode is suitable for scenarios with low signal strength or idle access control devices. At this time, no complex protocol parsing and encryption processing are required, and only basic communication functions need to be maintained. In the application layer communication mode, the circuit board body 1 fully supplies power to the digital baseband processing unit and encryption coprocessor of the NFC control module 2. The digital baseband processing unit is responsible for the parsing and generation of complex protocols (such as ISO 14443, ISO 15693), and the encryption coprocessor is used for data encryption and decryption operations. This mode is suitable for scenarios with normal signal strength and active access control devices. At this time, complete protocol parsing and encryption functions are required to ensure the security and reliability of communication.

[0086] The switching of the power supply mode is automatically triggered by the control module 3 according to the communication mode (RF layer or application layer). For example, when the RF signal strength is lower than -25dBm or the idle time of the access control device exceeds the limit, switch to the RF layer mode and adjust the power supply strategy. When the RF signal strength is restored or the access control device is activated, switch to the application layer mode and restore full power supply. The power supply status of each module is dynamically adjusted through the power management unit (PMU) of the circuit board body 1 or the power control pin of the NFC control module 2.

[0087] By optimizing the power supply strategy, the power consumption of the module is significantly reduced, while the energy efficiency and adaptability of the system are improved. In the RF layer mode, only the antenna matching circuit is powered, which greatly reduces energy consumption, especially suitable for battery-powered or long-term standby scenarios. Dynamically adjust the power supply strategy according to actual communication needs to avoid unnecessary energy waste and improve the overall energy efficiency of the module. The power supply strategy is closely integrated with the communication mode, allowing the module to flexibly respond to different scenarios (such as low signal strength, idle equipment, etc.), taking into account performance and power consumption requirements. Through automatic power supply mode switching, the need for manual intervention is reduced and the system maintenance cost is reduced.

[0088] In some embodiments, if the door lock opening action of the target access control device is triggered, the control module 3 sends an infrared learning code through the NFC interface to start the smart home device associated with the target access control device; if the door lock closing action of the target access control device is triggered and no person is detected entering or exiting the home access control scene within a preset time range, the control module 3 generates an energy-saving mode instruction and sends it to the energy-saving device through the serial bus interface; the energy-saving device includes at least an air conditioner.

[0089] The embodiment further expands the function of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module, links it with smart home devices and energy-saving devices, and improves the intelligence level and energy-saving effect of the system. When the control module 3 triggers the door lock opening action of the target access control device, an infrared learning code (such as an infrared remote control signal) is sent through the NFC interface to start the smart home device associated with the target access control device.

[0090] Associated devices such as smart home devices may include lighting, televisions, stereos, etc. For example, when a user swipes a card to open the door, the system automatically turns on the living room lights or starts the air conditioner.

[0091] When the control module 3 triggers the door lock closing action of the target access control device, the timing starts. If no person is detected entering or leaving the home access control scene within the preset time range (such as 10 minutes), the control module 3 generates an energy-saving mode instruction. The energy-saving mode instruction is sent to energy-saving devices such as air conditioners and heaters through the serial bus interface. The energy-saving device adjusts the operating state (such as reducing power or shutting down) according to the instruction to reduce energy consumption.

[0092] Through the access control system's sensors (such as infrared sensors, cameras) or NFC reader card swipe records, the activity status of people in the home access control scene can be monitored in real time. The preset time can be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it can be set to 15 minutes in winter and 10 minutes in summer.

[0093] Through smart home linkage and energy-saving mode triggering, the system's intelligence level and energy-saving effect are significantly improved. The following are its specific beneficial effects:

[0094] Automatically start smart home devices through door lock opening action, providing users with a more convenient and comfortable life experience. Trigger energy-saving mode through door lock closing action to reduce unnecessary energy waste, especially suitable for long-term unmanned scenes. Through personnel entry and exit detection and preset time judgment, the energy-saving mode is automatically triggered to reduce the need for manual intervention. It is not only suitable for home access control scenes, but also can be extended to scenes with high requirements for intelligence and energy saving, such as office buildings and hotels.

[0095] In some embodiments, the permission information includes temporary access permission data and fixed permission data; the NFC control module 2 has a built-in EEPROM memory, and the permission information is stored in the EEPROM memory, and the EEPROM memory is divided into a first buffer zone and a second buffer zone; the first buffer zone stores the temporary access permission data; the second buffer zone stores the fixed permission data, and the fixed permission data in the second buffer zone is only allowed to be rewritten after the physical fuse bit is triggered.

[0096] The embodiment optimizes the storage and verification mechanism of permission information, and improves the security and management flexibility of permission data by dividing the storage area and introducing physical fuse bit protection. Permission information is divided into temporary access permission data and solidified permission data. Temporary access permission data includes, for example, temporary visitor permissions, short-term authorization, etc., and has a higher update frequency. Solidified permission data includes, for example, administrator permissions, long-term authorization, etc., and has a lower update frequency.

[0097] The authority information is stored in the EEPROM memory built into the NFC control module 2. EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) has the characteristics of non-volatility and rewritability, and is suitable for storing authority data.

[0098] The EEPROM memory is divided into a first buffer and a second buffer: The first buffer is used to store temporary access permission data and supports frequent read and write operations. The second buffer is used to store fixed permission data and allows rewriting only under certain conditions.

[0099] The hardened permission data of the second buffer is protected by a physical fuse. The physical fuse is a hardware protection mechanism that, once triggered (such as a blown fuse), will permanently lock the write operation of the second buffer to prevent data from being maliciously tampered with. The triggering conditions of the physical fuse can be configured according to actual needs, for example: triggered when the hardened permission data completes the initial configuration. Triggered when an illegal access attempt is detected.

[0100] The control module 3 first matches and verifies the authentication data with the temporary access permission data in the first buffer. If the verification fails (i.e., the authentication data does not match the temporary permission), it matches and verifies it with the fixed permission data in the second buffer. If the authentication data matches any permission data, it generates an access control instruction and executes the corresponding operation. If the authentication data does not match any permission data, it denies access and generates an alarm message.

[0101] By optimizing the storage and verification mechanism of permission information, the security, flexibility and management efficiency of the system are significantly improved. The following are its specific beneficial effects:

[0102] Physical fuses are used to protect the solidified permission data, preventing malicious tampering and ensuring the security of core permission information. By dividing the storage area, it supports frequent updates of temporary permission data and long-term storage of solidified permission data, meeting the permission management requirements of different scenarios. Through step-by-step verification (temporary permission first, then solidified permission), unnecessary verification operations are reduced and the system response speed is improved. The physical fuse protection mechanism reduces the need for manual intervention and reduces system maintenance costs.

[0103] Exemplarily, the matching and verification with the permission information includes: the control module 3 matches and verifies the authentication data with the temporary access permission data of the first buffer data, and if the verification fails, matches and verifies with the solidified permission data of the second buffer.

[0104] The example further refines the matching and verification process of permission information, and improves verification efficiency and security by verifying temporary permission data and solidified permission data in steps.

[0105] Temporary authority verification includes the control module 3 matching and verifying the authentication data with the temporary access authority data in the first buffer. Temporary authority data usually includes short-term authorization, temporary visitor authority, etc., and the verification priority is higher.

[0106] The solidified authority verification includes that if the temporary authority verification fails, the control module 3 will match the authentication data with the solidified authority data in the second buffer for verification. Solidified authority data usually includes administrator authority, long-term authorization, etc., and the verification priority is low. If the authentication data matches any authority data, an access control instruction is generated and the corresponding operation is performed (such as unlocking the door). If the authentication data does not match all authority data, access is denied and an alarm message is generated (such as sending an encrypted alarm to an external reader).

[0107] By verifying temporary permission data and fixed permission data in steps, the verification process is further optimized, and the efficiency and security of the system are improved. The following are its specific beneficial effects: By giving priority to verifying temporary permission data, unnecessary fixed permission verification operations are reduced and the verification time is shortened. The step-by-step verification mechanism reduces the success rate of malicious attacks. For example, even if an attacker forges temporary permission data, he still needs to pass the fixed permission verification to obtain access rights. Through step-by-step verification, the frequency of access to fixed permission data is reduced, and the service life of the EEPROM memory is extended. Quickly verify temporary permission data to ensure that legitimate users can obtain access rights in a timely manner, improving user experience.

[0108] In some embodiments, the communication protocol of the NFC interface is ISO / IEC 14443-A, the RF layer communication mode is generated based on the ISO / IEC 14443-3 protocol, the application layer communication mode is generated based on the ISO / IEC 14443-4 protocol, the operating frequency of the NFC interface is 13.56 MHz, and the data transmission rate of the NFC interface is 106 Kbps.

[0109] The embodiment clarifies the communication protocol and operating parameters of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module to ensure that it complies with international standards and is applicable to a wide range of scenarios.

[0110] The communication protocol of the NFC interface is ISO / IEC 14443-A, which is a widely used near-field communication standard suitable for access control, payment, identity recognition and other scenarios.

[0111] The RF layer communication mode is generated based on the ISO / IEC 14443-3 protocol, which defines the basic layer functions of RF communication, including device initialization, anti-collision mechanism and basic data transmission.

[0112] The application layer communication mode is generated based on the ISO / IEC 14443-4 protocol, which defines the application layer functions, including parsing of complex data packets, encrypted communication, and high-level instruction processing.

[0113] The operating frequency of the NFC interface is 13.56MHz, which is the frequency band specified by the ISO / IEC 14443 standard and has good anti-interference ability and transmission stability.

[0114] The data transmission rate of the NFC interface is 106 Kbps, which is the basic rate supported by the ISO / IEC 14443-A protocol and can meet the communication requirements of most access control scenarios.

[0115] By clarifying the communication protocol and working parameters, the compatibility, stability and wide applicability of the module are ensured. The following are its specific beneficial effects:

[0116] The ISO / IEC 14443-A standard is adopted to ensure that the module is compatible with most NFC readers and cards on the market, reducing the difficulty of integration.

[0117] The communication mode based on ISO / IEC 14443-3 and ISO / IEC 14443-4 protocols provides reliable RF communication and application layer data processing capabilities. The operating frequency and data transmission rate comply with international standards and are suitable for a variety of scenarios such as access control, payment, and identity recognition. Clear working parameters and protocol standards provide a clear reference for developers and testers, shortening the product development cycle.

[0118] In some embodiments, the power input terminal voltage of the circuit board body 1 is 5V, the terminal field strength range of the circuit board body 1 is 1.5 to 7.5A / m, and the operating temperature range of the circuit board body 1 is -40 to 85°C.

[0119] The embodiment clarifies the power supply and physical parameters of the serial port transparent NFC dual-interface communication module to ensure its reliability and adaptability in different environments. The power input terminal voltage of the circuit board body 1 is 5V, which is a common DC voltage standard and is suitable for the power supply requirements of most electronic devices. The terminal field strength range of the circuit board body 1 is 1.5 to 7.5A / m, which is the typical field strength range of NFC communication, ensuring that the module can work stably at different distances and environments. The operating temperature range of the circuit board body 1 is -40 to 85°C, which is the temperature standard for industrial-grade electronic equipment, ensuring that the module can still operate normally in extreme environments.

[0120] By clarifying the power supply and physical parameters, the reliability and adaptability of the module in different environments are ensured. The following are its specific benefits: The power input voltage is 5V, which ensures that the module can work stably and avoid failures caused by voltage fluctuations. The terminal field strength range is 1.5 to 7.5A / m, ensuring that the module can communicate stably at different distances and environments. The operating temperature range is -40 to 85℃, making the module suitable for extreme environments such as industry and outdoor. Clear physical parameters provide a clear reference for design and testing, shortening the product development cycle.

[0121] In some embodiments, the control module 3 collects data such as the radio frequency signal strength of the NFC interface, the idle time of the access control device, the ambient temperature, etc. in real time, and records the success rate and power consumption of each communication. The collected data is used to train a machine learning model (such as a decision tree, random forest, or neural network) to predict the optimal communication mode (radio frequency layer or application layer). During the operation stage, the control module 3 inputs the machine learning model according to the real-time collected data, obtains the prediction results, and dynamically switches the communication mode. For example, when the model predicts that the signal strength is low or the ambient temperature is high, the radio frequency layer mode is preferentially selected to reduce power consumption. New communication data is regularly added to the training set, and the model is retrained to optimize the prediction accuracy. The machine learning model in the module is updated through OTA (over-the-air download) technology.

[0122] The machine learning algorithm dynamically optimizes the communication mode, significantly reducing the power consumption of the module and extending the battery life of the device. The model can automatically adjust the communication mode according to environmental changes (such as signal strength and temperature) to improve the adaptability of the module in different scenarios. Automated mode switching and model updates reduce the need for manual intervention and reduce maintenance costs.

[0123] In some embodiments, the control module 3 records the detailed information of each access control operation, including the card swiping time, card swiping frequency, signal strength, etc., and marks normal and abnormal behaviors. The collected data is used to train a deep learning model (such as LSTM or CNN) to identify abnormal behavior patterns. During the operation stage, the control module 3 inputs the real-time collected data into the deep learning model to detect whether there is abnormal behavior. For example, the model can identify behaviors such as frequent card swiping and abnormal fluctuations in signal strength. When abnormal behavior is detected, the control module 3 generates an alarm message and sends it to the monitoring center through the serial bus interface. At the same time, the module can temporarily lock the access control function to prevent illegal access.

[0124] Deep learning algorithms are used to detect abnormal behaviors in real time to prevent illegal access and potential attacks. The automated abnormal detection and processing mechanism improves the intelligence level of the system. Deep learning models can accurately identify complex behavior patterns and reduce false alarm rates.

[0125] In some embodiments, the control module 3 collects environmental data (such as temperature, humidity, and frequency of human activities) and the operating status of energy-saving equipment (such as air conditioning power and lighting brightness) in real time. The collected data is used to train a reinforcement learning model (such as Q-learning or deep Q network) to optimize the energy-saving strategy. The reward function is designed to balance the energy-saving effect and user comfort.

[0126] During the operation phase, the control module 3 inputs the reinforcement learning model based on the real-time environmental data, obtains the optimal energy-saving strategy and executes it. For example, the model can dynamically adjust the air-conditioning temperature or lighting brightness to maximize the energy-saving effect. New environmental data is regularly added to the training set, and the model is retrained to optimize the energy-saving strategy.

[0127] The energy-saving strategy is dynamically optimized through reinforcement learning algorithms, significantly reducing energy consumption. The model takes into account user comfort while saving energy, improving user experience. The model can automatically adjust the energy-saving strategy according to environmental changes, improving the adaptability of the system.

[0128] Among them, reinforcement learning includes reward function and Q function, which are used to evaluate the effect of strategy and guide the decision of intelligent agent respectively. Among them, the reward function is used to evaluate the immediate benefit obtained by the intelligent agent after performing a certain action in a certain state. It is the goal of reinforcement learning algorithm optimization. The intelligent agent learns the optimal strategy by maximizing the cumulative reward. The reward function of this application is:

[0129] ;

[0130] R is the reward value, which indicates the immediate benefit obtained by the agent after performing a certain action in the current state. α is the weight coefficient of energy saving effect, ranging from [0, 1], which is used to adjust the importance of energy saving effect in the reward. For example, α=0.7 means that energy saving effect accounts for 70% of the reward. β is the weight coefficient of user comfort, ranging from [0, 1], which is used to adjust the importance of user comfort in the reward. For example, β=0.3 means that user comfort accounts for 30% of the reward. Energy Savings Energy saving effect, calculated by energy consumption data, for example, (baseline energy consumption - current energy consumption) / baseline energy consumption, expressed in percentage (%), indicating the energy saving ratio of the current action relative to the baseline energy consumption. Savings =20% means the current action saves 20% of energy consumption. Comfort User is the user comfort score, which is calculated based on user feedback or preset scoring rules. Its value range is [0, 10], indicating the impact of the current action on user comfort. Comfort It means that the user's comfort rating for the current action is 8. Among them, α and β satisfy α+β=1.

[0131] The Q function is used to evaluate the long-term cumulative reward of an agent after performing a certain action in a certain state. It is the objective function of the agent learning in the reinforcement learning algorithm, and it approaches the optimal strategy by iteratively updating the Q value. Its expression is:

[0132] ; Q(s,a) is the Q value of executing action a in state s, which indicates the long-term cumulative reward after the agent executes the action in this state. The initial value is 0 or a random value, and it is updated iteratively through the Q-learning algorithm. η is the learning rate, which ranges from [0, 1] and is used to control the update speed of the Q value. For example, η=0.1 means that the amplitude of each Q value update is 10%. R is the current reward value, which indicates the immediate benefit obtained by the agent after executing action a in state s. It is calculated through the reward function. γ is the discount factor, which ranges from [0, 1] and is used to balance the importance of current rewards and future rewards. For example, γ=0.9 means that the importance of future rewards is 90% of the current rewards. maxQ(s′,a′) is the Q value of selecting the optimal action a′ in the next state s′, which indicates the maximum long-term cumulative reward of the agent in the next state, and is calculated through the Q value table or neural network. s′ is the next state, which indicates the new state entered by the agent after executing action a, and is obtained through the state transition function or environmental feedback. a′ is the next action, which represents the optimal action chosen by the agent in state s′, selected by a strategy (such as a greedy strategy).

[0133] In some embodiments, each communication module collects communication data, environmental data, and user behavior data locally. Each module trains a machine learning model locally and uploads the model parameters to the cloud for aggregation. The cloud generates a global model and sends it to each module. Each module optimizes the local communication mode, energy-saving strategy, and anomaly detection mechanism based on the global model. For example, the module can predict the optimal communication mode or energy-saving strategy based on the global model. Federated learning technology ensures that data is processed locally to avoid privacy leakage.

[0134] Through multi-module collaborative optimization, the communication efficiency, energy saving effect and security of the overall system are improved.

[0135] Federated learning technology ensures that data is processed locally to avoid privacy leakage. It supports large-scale module deployment and is suitable for scenarios such as smart buildings and smart cities.

[0136] In some embodiments, the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module can be mounted in an advertising machine / advertising light board, and the NFC dual-interface communication module also includes:

[0137] An offline advertisement storage unit, integrated on the circuit board body 1, is used to pre-store encrypted advertisement data packets and update strategies (such as play time period, priority);

[0138] The dynamic buffer area is set in the NFC control module 2, receives the offline advertisement update instruction and the encrypted advertisement file sent by the external reader through the NFC interface, and performs decryption verification;

[0139] The advertising protocol converter is connected to the control module 3 and converts the decrypted advertising data into a serial communication protocol compatible with the target advertising machine / light sign (such as Modbus RTU, custom binary instructions;

[0140] The control module 3 can trigger the update mechanism, including:

[0141] Event trigger mode: When the NFC interface detects valid advertising data being written, it automatically pushes updates to the advertising device through the serial bus interface;

[0142] Timing trigger mode: Based on the RTC clock module, the preset update time window is matched, and multiple advertising terminals are updated in batches according to priority;

[0143] At the same time, an independent key pair is set in the control module 3 to authenticate the advertiser identity of the external reader / writer, and only authorized devices are allowed to write advertising content; the advertising update results (such as version number, CRC check value) are fed back to the reader / writer through the NFC interface, and an encryption alarm is triggered and rolled back to the previous version in case of abnormality.

[0144] This embodiment reuses the original NFC transparent transmission and serial bus architecture of the module to achieve offline secure updates of advertising content without the need for an Internet connection. The physical isolation characteristics of NFC near-field communication, combined with dynamic authentication of advertiser identity and data encryption, can effectively prevent advertising machines from being maliciously tampered with. The protocol converter is compatible with a variety of advertising device interfaces, significantly reducing the cost of transforming traditional advertising terminals. The timing and event dual triggering mechanism ensures the timeliness of advertising content updates, while the abnormal rollback function improves the robustness of the system, which is especially suitable for scenarios such as building elevator control advertising screens and underground garage signboards without network coverage.

[0145] Taking the community access control advertising light box as an example, the property staff holds an authorized NFC device close to the module and selects the advertising video file to be updated through the APP. The module automatically completes the identity authentication and receives the encrypted data, which is converted into RS485 instructions recognized by the LED light box controller after decryption, and automatically burns and updates during the low-peak hours in the early morning. After the update is successful, the module writes the new advertising ID to the NFC tag area, and the inspection personnel can read the version information through the mobile phone NFC to check the update status, forming an offline closed-loop management.

[0146] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 The schematic flow chart of the control method of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module provided in one embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. The execution device of the method is the control module of the sensor provided in any embodiment of the present application.

[0147] like Figure 2 As shown, the provided method includes steps S101 to S104. The control module may be a handheld terminal, a notebook computer, a wearable device or a robot, etc., for implementing steps S101 to S104 and their corresponding embodiments.

[0148] Step S101: receiving an access rights configuration instruction from a host computer according to a preset radio frequency layer communication mode, and storing permission information corresponding to the access rights configuration instruction in an NFC control module.

[0149] Specifically, the control module receives access permission configuration instructions sent by the host computer (such as the access control management system) according to the preset radio frequency layer communication mode (based on the ISO / IEC 14443-3 protocol). The permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instructions (such as user ID, access time period, access control area, etc.) is stored in the NFC control module. The permission configuration instructions are quickly received through the radio frequency layer communication mode, which shortens the permission configuration time. The permission information is stored in the NFC control module to ensure the security and reliability of the data. It supports dynamic update of permission information, which is convenient for administrators to flexibly adjust user access rights.

[0150] Step S102: Parse the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, and match and verify it with the permission information.

[0151] Specifically, the control module parses the authentication data (such as user ID, encryption information, etc.) sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode (based on ISO / IEC 14443-4 protocol), and matches and verifies the parsed authentication data with the permission information stored in the NFC control module.

[0152] The application layer communication mode supports the analysis of complex data packets to ensure the integrity and accuracy of authentication data. The real-time analysis and verification mechanism shortens the response time of the access control system. It supports multiple authentication data formats and is suitable for readers and cards from different manufacturers.

[0153] Step S103: If the authentication data is verified, an access control instruction is generated and sent to the target access control device through the serial bus interface, triggering an opening or closing action of the door lock of the target access control device.

[0154] Specifically, if the authentication data is verified, the control module generates an access control command (such as opening or closing the door lock). The access control command is sent to the target access control device through the serial bus interface. After the target access control device receives the command, it triggers the opening or closing action of the door lock.

[0155] Generate access control commands based on the verification results to ensure the accuracy of door lock action. The serial bus interface supports high-speed data transmission, shortening the command execution time. Supports a variety of access control devices and is suitable for access control systems in different scenarios.

[0156] Step S104: Dynamically monitor the feedback signal of the access control device. If abnormal operation or no response after timeout is detected, send encrypted alarm information to the external reader / writer through the NFC interface.

[0157] Specifically, the control module dynamically monitors the feedback signals of the access control device (such as door lock status, device operation status). If an abnormal operation (such as illegal door lock opening) or a timeout failure (such as device failure) is detected, the control module generates an alarm message and sends an encrypted alarm message to the external reader / writer through the NFC interface.

[0158] The dynamic monitoring mechanism ensures that the status of the access control equipment is visible in real time, making it easier for administrators to find problems in a timely manner. The detection mechanism for abnormal operation and timeout failure improves the security of the access control system. The alarm information is sent encrypted through the NFC interface to ensure the security of data transmission.

[0159] Through the combination of radio frequency layer and application layer communication mode, the efficiency and reliability of permission configuration, authentication verification and access control are achieved. The permission information is stored in the NFC control module, which supports dynamic update and encrypted transmission to ensure data security and system flexibility. Through dynamic monitoring and abnormal alarm mechanism, the intelligence level of access control system is improved and the need for manual intervention is reduced. The method supports a variety of access control devices and readers, and is suitable for a variety of scenarios such as office buildings, residential areas, and factories.

[0160] It should be noted that technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that, for the convenience and conciseness of description, the control method of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module described above and the specific working process of each step can refer to the corresponding process in the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module embodiment described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0161] The embodiment of the present application also provides a control device for a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module. The control device for the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module is used to execute the steps of the control method for the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module shown in the above embodiments. The control device for the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module can be a single server or a server cluster, or the control device for the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module can be a terminal, which can be a handheld terminal, a laptop computer, a wearable device or a robot, etc.

[0162] The control device of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module includes:

[0163] The permission storage unit is used to receive the access permission configuration instruction of the host computer according to the preset radio frequency layer communication mode, and store the permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instruction in the NFC control module;

[0164] A matching and verification unit, used to parse the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to a preset application layer communication mode, and perform matching and verification with the permission information;

[0165] A verification unit, for generating an access control instruction and sending it to a target access control device through the serial bus interface if the authentication data is verified, thereby triggering an opening or closing action of a door lock of the target access control device;

[0166] The encrypted alarm unit is used to dynamically monitor the feedback signal of the access control device. If abnormal operation or no response after timeout is detected, an encrypted alarm message is sent to the external reader through the NFC interface.

[0167] It should be noted that technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that, for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working process of the control device and each unit of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module described above can refer to the corresponding process in the control method embodiment of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0168] The control method of the above-mentioned serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module can be implemented in the form of a computer program, and the computer program can be run on the above-mentioned device.

[0169] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 : is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a control module provided in an embodiment of the present application. The control module includes a processor, a memory and a network interface connected via a device bus, wherein the memory may include a storage medium and an internal memory.

[0170] The storage medium can store operating devices and computer programs. The computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed, the processor can execute any control method of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module.

[0171] The processor is used to provide computing and control capabilities and support the operation of the entire control module.

[0172] The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor can execute any control method of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module.

[0173] The network interface is used for network communication, such as sending assigned tasks, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a partial structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific control module may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0174] It should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among them, the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0175] In one embodiment, the processor is used to run a computer program stored in the memory to implement the following steps:

[0176] Receive the access permission configuration instruction of the host computer according to the preset radio frequency layer communication mode, and store the permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instruction in the NFC control module;

[0177] Parsing the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, and matching and verifying it with the permission information;

[0178] If the authentication data is verified, an access control instruction is generated and sent to the target access control device through the serial bus interface, triggering the door lock opening or closing action of the target access control device;

[0179] Dynamically monitor the feedback signal of the access control device. If abnormal operation or no response after timeout is detected, send encrypted alarm information to the external reader through the NFC interface.

[0180] It should be noted that technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the processor described above can refer to the corresponding process in the method embodiments described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0181] A computer-readable storage medium is also provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor executes the program instructions to implement the steps of the control method of the serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module provided in the above embodiments of the present application.

[0182] The computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the control module described in the above embodiment, such as a hard disk or memory of the control module. The computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the control module, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the control module.

[0183] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module, characterized in that: include: A circuit board body, wherein the circuit board body is arranged in a preset home access control scene; An NFC control module is arranged on the circuit board body. The NFC control module performs near field radio frequency communication with an external reader / writer through an NFC interface, and communicates with a host computer through a serial bus interface of the circuit board body, thereby realizing bidirectional transparent conversion between NFC protocol data and serial bus data; The control module is arranged in the NFC control module or independently arranged on the circuit board body, and is used to receive the access permission configuration instruction of the upper computer according to the preset radio frequency layer communication mode, and store the permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instruction in the NFC control module; parse the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, and match and verify it with the permission information; if the authentication data verification is passed, generate an access control instruction and send it to the target access control device through the serial bus interface, triggering the door lock opening or closing action of the target access control device; dynamically monitor the feedback signal of the access control device, and if abnormal operation is detected or no response is detected after timeout, send encrypted alarm information to the external reader / writer through the NFC interface.

2. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The authentication data at least includes the current user authentication duration and the current door lock opening frequency corresponding to the target access control device; before the authentication data sent by the external reader is parsed in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, it also includes: The control module obtains the historical user authentication duration and the historical door lock opening frequency corresponding to the target access control device through the NFC interface; The control module calculates an abnormality index based on the current user authentication time, the current opening frequency, the historical user authentication time and the historical door lock opening frequency. If it is determined that the authentication data is abnormal based on the abnormality index, a secondary verification information is sent through the reader / writer, so that after the secondary verification is passed, the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer is parsed in real time through the NFC interface according to a preset application layer communication mode.

3. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time parsing of authentication data sent by the external reader / writer through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode includes: The control module obtains the radio frequency signal strength received by the NFC interface; if the radio frequency signal strength is lower than -25dBm, the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer is analyzed in real time through the NFC interface according to the radio frequency layer communication mode; and / or, The control module obtains the idle time corresponding to the target access control device, and if the idle time is greater than a preset time, parses the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to the radio frequency layer communication mode.

4. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the radio frequency layer communication mode, the circuit board body supplies power to the antenna matching circuit of the NFC control module; In the application layer communication mode, the circuit board body fully supplies power to the digital baseband processing unit and the encryption coprocessor of the NFC control module.

5. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the door lock opening action of the target access control device is triggered, the control module sends an infrared learning code through the NFC interface to start the smart home device associated with the target access control device; If the door lock closing action of the target access control device is triggered and no person is detected entering or exiting the home access control scene within a preset time period, the control module generates an energy-saving mode instruction and sends it to the energy-saving device through the serial bus interface; the energy-saving device includes at least an air conditioner.

6. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permission information includes temporary access permission data and fixed permission data; the NFC control module has a built-in EEPROM memory, the permission information is stored in the EEPROM memory, and the EEPROM memory is divided into a first buffer zone and a second buffer zone; The first buffer stores the temporary access permission data; The second buffer stores the fixed permission data, and the fixed permission data in the second buffer is allowed to be rewritten only after the physical fuse bit is triggered.

7. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The matching verification with the authority information includes: The control module matches and verifies the authentication data with the temporary access permission data of the first buffer area, and if the verification fails, matches and verifies the authentication data with the fixed permission data of the second buffer area.

8. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication protocol of the NFC interface is ISO / IEC 14443-A, the radio frequency layer communication mode is generated based on the ISO / IEC 14443-3 protocol, the application layer communication mode is generated based on the ISO / IEC 14443-4 protocol, the operating frequency of the NFC interface is 13.56 MHz, and the data transmission rate of the NFC interface is 106 Kbps.

9. The serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power input terminal voltage of the circuit board body is 5V, the terminal field strength range of the circuit board body is 1.5 to 7.5A / m, and the operating temperature range of the circuit board body is -40 to 85°C.

10. A control method for a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual interface communication module, characterized in that: A control module applied to a serial port transparent transmission NFC dual-interface communication module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: Receive the access permission configuration instruction of the host computer according to the preset radio frequency layer communication mode, and store the permission information corresponding to the access permission configuration instruction in the NFC control module; Parsing the authentication data sent by the external reader / writer in real time through the NFC interface according to the preset application layer communication mode, and matching and verifying it with the permission information; If the authentication data is verified, an access control instruction is generated and sent to the target access control device through the serial bus interface, triggering the door lock opening or closing action of the target access control device; Dynamically monitor the feedback signal of the access control device. If abnormal operation or no response after timeout is detected, send encrypted alarm information to the external reader through the NFC interface.

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