A concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of underwater acoustic transducers, specifically to a low-frequency directional bending transducer with a concave-convex beam type, comprising: an outwardly convex bending beam (1), an inwardly concave bending beam (2), a top wall, a bottom wall, and a vibrator assembly (3); the outwardly convex bending beam (1) and the inwardly concave bending beam (2) are arranged opposite each other and have the same height, with their tops connected to the top wall and their bottoms connected to the bottom wall, together forming an asymmetric radiation shell; the thickness or radius of curvature of the convex surface of the outwardly convex bending beam (1) and the concave surface of the inwardly concave bending beam (2) are different, thereby adjusting the modal radiation component ratio and coupling strength of the transducer by adjusting the thickness or radius of curvature of the convex surface and / or the concave surface. This invention utilizes the asymmetry of the concave-convex shell to structurally solve the excitation and coupling of the transducer's monopole mode and dipole mode, which is beneficial for achieving low-frequency cardioid directivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater acoustic transducers, specifically to a low-frequency directional bending transducer with a concave-convex beam type. Background Technology

[0002] Bending transducers are commonly used underwater acoustic transducers that combine low frequency and small size. Their working principle involves a longitudinally extending vibrating oscillator or a radially pulsating ring driving a shell with amplitude amplification to radiate acoustic energy through bending vibration. However, the geometric dimensions of bending transducers are generally much smaller than the operating wavelength, and most of the shell surface vibrates in phase, which determines that they are essentially non-directional.

[0003] To achieve directional emission in a bending transducer, common solutions include adding a large baffle or using two arrays with a quarter-wavelength phase difference. However, these methods result in excessively large, heavy, and expensive equipment. For these reasons, scholars both domestically and internationally began researching how to make a single transducer inherently directional. In 1984, J.L. Butler and A. Clark first proposed a magnetostrictive-piezoelectric hybrid excitation method to achieve directional emission. Its working principle utilizes the inherent 90° phase difference between the magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials, combined with a quarter-wavelength oscillator, to achieve the effect of canceling vibrations at one end of the transducer and enhancing vibrations at the other end. In 1988, J.L. Butler proposed dividing the driving oscillator of a type IV bending transducer into two groups and exciting them separately. By changing the voltage amplitude and phase of the two groups of driving oscillators, the odd-order and even-order modes of the transducer are excited, and the two modes are coupled to achieve directional emission. Using a similar principle, in 2001, J. Zhang studied a directional cyclopal transducer. Stephen Butler designed a directional Type VII bending transducer in 2010. The drawback of this method is that it requires circuit design tailored to the transducer's structural characteristics, increasing the electrical system configuration and making it less convenient to use. Furthermore, the dual-excitation oscillator design increases the transducer's size and weight. When the transducer operates in dipole mode, bending vibrations of the driving oscillator can occur, leading to mechanical damage in high-power mode due to internal shearing of the functional materials, thus affecting the transducer's high-power transmission.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a low-frequency directional transducer that is simple to drive and can transmit at high power. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and thus provide a low-frequency directional bending transducer with a concave-convex beam type.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a low-frequency directional bending transducer with a concave-convex beam type, comprising: an outwardly convex bending beam 1, an inwardly concave bending beam 2, a top wall, a bottom wall, and a vibrator assembly 3; wherein,

[0007] The convex curved beam 1, the concave curved beam 2, the top wall, and the bottom wall are continuous solid structures. The convex curved beam 1 and the concave curved beam 2 are arranged opposite each other and have the same height. Their tops are connected to the top wall, and their bottoms are connected to the bottom wall, together forming an asymmetric radial shell.

[0008] The oscillator assembly 3 includes one or more sets of parallel and uniformly arranged driving oscillators, which are connected to the interior of the radiating shell along the height direction of the transducer.

[0009] The convex curved beam 1 is vertically arranged along the height direction and has at least one curved convex surface that protrudes from the radiating shell to the outside, with the center line of the convex surface perpendicular to the height direction.

[0010] The concave curved beam 2 is vertically arranged along the height direction and has a curved concave surface that is recessed from the outside into the radial shell, and the center line of the concave surface is perpendicular to the height direction.

[0011] The thickness or radius of curvature of the convex surface of the convex curved beam 1 is different from that of the concave surface of the concave curved beam 2. By adjusting the thickness or radius of curvature of the convex surface and / or the concave surface, the modal radiation component ratio and coupling strength of the transducer can be adjusted.

[0012] As an improvement to the aforementioned transducer, the radiating housing has a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side, the projection of the first, second, third, and fourth sides onto the bottom wall being rectangular; the convex curved beam 1 is located on the first side, and the concave curved beam 2 is located on the third side; the second and fourth sides are hollowed out; the projection shape of the convex curved beam 1 on the third side is rectangular, and its projection shape on the second side is one or more consecutive arcs; the projection shape of the concave curved beam 2 on the first side is rectangular, and its projection shape on the second side is one or more consecutive arcs; the number of convex surfaces of the convex curved beam 1 is the same as the number of concave surfaces of the concave curved beam 2; the thickness ranges from 5mm to 12mm, and the thickness of the convex surface is less than or equal to the thickness of the concave surface.

[0013] As an improvement to the above-mentioned transducer, the convex curved beam 1 has two continuous convex surfaces protruding from the radiation housing to the outside; the concave curved beam 2 has two continuous concave surfaces recessed from the outside into the radiation housing.

[0014] As an improvement to the above-mentioned transducer, the convex curved beam 1 and the concave curved beam 2 are made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or titanium alloy.

[0015] As an improvement to the above-mentioned transducer, the oscillator assembly 3 is a piezoelectric ceramic stack; the piezoelectric ceramic stack is formed by bonding an even number of piezoelectric ceramic sheets; the piezoelectric ceramic sheets are polarized along the thickness direction, the polarization directions of two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets are opposite, an electrode sheet is also provided between every two piezoelectric ceramic sheets, and all piezoelectric ceramic sheets are electrically connected in parallel.

[0016] As an improvement to the above-mentioned transducer, the oscillator assembly 3 is a piezoelectric single crystal stack; the piezoelectric single crystal stack is formed by bonding an even number of piezoelectric single crystal wafers; an electrode is provided between every two piezoelectric single crystal wafers, and all piezoelectric single crystal wafers are electrically connected in parallel.

[0017] As an improvement to the aforementioned transducer, the oscillator assembly 3 includes: at least one magnetostrictive rod 4, a permanent magnet sheet 5, and an excitation coil 6; wherein, the magnetostrictive rod 4 is arranged along the height direction, and when there are multiple magnetostrictive rods 4, the multiple magnetostrictive rods 4 are arranged along the height direction; the top and bottom of the magnetostrictive rod 4 are connected to the permanent magnet sheet 5; the excitation coil 6 is wound around the side wall of the magnetostrictive rod 4; when the excitation coil 6 is energized, the generated magnetic field acts on the magnetostrictive rod 4, causing the length of the magnetostrictive rod 4 to change; the permanent magnet sheet 5 enhances and stabilizes the magnetic field, ensuring the degree of deformation of the magnetostrictive rod 4, thereby realizing the vibration of the oscillator.

[0018] As an improvement to the aforementioned transducer, the magnetostrictive rod 4 is made of a magnetostrictive material, and the permanent magnet sheet 5 is made of a high energy product material. Preferably, the magnetostrictive material is terbium-dysprosium-iron or iron-gallium; the high energy product material is a neodymium-iron-boron, AlNiCo, Samarium-cobalt, or other alloy permanent magnet material or a ferrite permanent magnet material.

[0019] As an improvement to the aforementioned transducer, the bending transducer is driven by a single electrical signal during operation, thereby eliminating the need to adjust the signal amplitude weighting coefficient and phase parameters with frequency changes.

[0020] As an improvement to the above-mentioned transducer, the height of the oscillator assembly 3 is greater than the height of the inner wall of the radiating housing. When the oscillator assembly 3 is installed inside the radiating housing, the radiating housing deforms, thereby using the pressure generated by the increased height of the inner wall of the radiating housing to fix the oscillator assembly 3 inside the radiating housing, thereby applying an axial preload to the oscillator assembly 3.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. This invention utilizes the asymmetry of the concave-convex shell to truly solve the excitation and coupling of the transducer's monopole mode and dipole mode from a structural perspective. Furthermore, the proportion of radiation components and coupling strength of the two modes can be adjusted through structural parameter optimization design, which is beneficial for achieving low-frequency cardioid directivity.

[0023] 2. This invention uses a single power supply, which reduces the electrical system configuration and can reduce the weight and cost of the launch system.

[0024] 3. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer provided by the present invention has a smaller bending amplitude driving the oscillator in the working frequency band, less mechanical damage caused by shearing inside the functional material, and a larger power capacity of the transducer, which is beneficial for high-power transmission.

[0025] 4. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer provided by the present invention has a cardioid directivity in its radiation direction (x-axis direction) when the thickness of the concave surface is greater than the thickness of the convex surface, and the sound field intensity in the oscillator driving direction (z-axis direction) and the y-axis direction is consistent, that is, the spatial uniformity of the radiation sound field in the yz plane of the transducer is consistent. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the structural schematic diagram of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a low-frequency directional bending transducer with a convex-concave beam structure in this invention, where the thickness of the convex bending beam is less than the thickness of the concave bending beam.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer with a double-section structure design for the asymmetric radiating shell in this invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the low-frequency directional bending transducer with a concave-convex beam driven by a magnetostrictive rod in the oscillator assembly of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6(a) shows the first characteristic mode of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tensioning transducer of the present invention, which is dominated by the vibration of the concave shell, and the vibration directions of the concave shell and the convex shell are opposite.

[0032] Figure 6(b) shows the second characteristic mode of the low-frequency directional bending transducer of the concave-convex beam type of the present invention, which is dominated by the vibration of the convex shell, and the vibration directions of the concave shell and the convex shell are the same.

[0033] Figure 7(a) shows the directivity of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer of the present invention when it is operating in the monopole mode;

[0034] Figure 7(b) shows the directivity of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer of the present invention when it is operating in dipole mode;

[0035] Figure 7(c) is a directional diagram of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer of the present invention when forming a heart-shaped directional emission.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the transmission voltage response curves of the concave and convex surfaces of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer of the present invention.

[0037] Attached Figure Labels

[0038] 1. Outwardly convex bending beam; 2. Inwardly concave bending beam.

[0039] 3. Oscillator assembly 4. Magnetostrictive rod

[0040] 5. Permanent magnet sheet; 6. Drive coil Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The working principle of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer disclosed in this invention is as follows:

[0043] Figure 6 shows the characteristic modes of the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer of the present invention. Figure 6(a) is the first characteristic mode, dominated by the vibration of the concave shell, and the vibration directions of the concave and convex shells are opposite. Figure 6(b) is the second characteristic mode, dominated by the vibration of the convex shell, and the vibration directions of the concave and convex shells are the same. These two modes are caused by the asymmetry of the radiating shell and both involve only the first bending vibration of the bending shell, which determines its low resonant frequency. The maximum size of the transducer is much smaller than the wavelength.

[0044] Referring to Figure 7, when the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer vibrates with the first characteristic mode, it can be equivalent to a monopole-like acoustic radiation source, and its directivity diagram is shown in Figure 7(a). When the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer vibrates with the second characteristic mode, it can be equivalent to a dipole-like acoustic radiation source, and its directivity diagram is shown in Figure 7(b). When the first two characteristic modes of the transducer are coupled, the vibration displacement generated by the main radiating surface is much greater than the vibration displacement generated by its relative radiating surface. At this time, the sound field can ensure that in addition to the equivalent dipole radiation source, there is still a monopole sound source radiation component, thereby realizing a cardioid directional beam, and its directivity diagram is shown in Figure 7(c).

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention discloses a low-frequency directional bending transducer with a concave-convex beam type, comprising an outwardly convex bending beam 1, an inwardly concave bending beam 2, and a vibrator assembly 3; wherein the outwardly convex bending beam 1 and the inwardly concave bending beam 2 are continuous solid structures; the vibrator assembly 3 is rigidly connected to the inner wall of the radiating shell.

[0047] The convex curved beam 1 and the concave curved beam 2 are arranged opposite to each other and have the same height. In this embodiment, the two top edges of the convex curved beam 1 and the concave curved beam 2 are connected to the square top wall, and the two bottom edges of the convex curved beam 1 and the concave curved beam 2 are connected to the bottom wall. In this embodiment, the top wall and the bottom wall are both square. The convex curved beam 1, the concave curved beam 2, the top wall and the bottom wall are an integral structure, which together constitute an asymmetric radial shell.

[0048] The convex curved beam 1 is vertically arranged along the height direction and has at least one curved convex surface that protrudes from the radiating shell to the outside, with the center line of the convex surface perpendicular to the height direction.

[0049] The concave curved beam 2 is vertically arranged along the height direction and has a curved concave surface that is recessed from the outside into the radial shell, and the center line of the concave surface is perpendicular to the height direction.

[0050] The thickness or radius of curvature of the convex surface of the convex curved beam 1 is different from that of the concave surface of the concave curved beam 2. By adjusting the thickness or radius of curvature of the convex surface and / or the concave surface, the modal radiation component ratio and coupling strength of the transducer can be adjusted.

[0051] The radiating shell has a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side, and the projection of the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side onto the bottom wall is rectangular.

[0052] The convex curved beam 1 is located on the first side, and the concave curved beam 2 is located on the third side; the second and fourth sides are hollowed out;

[0053] The projected shape of the convex curved beam 1 on the third side is rectangular. In this embodiment, the projected shape of the convex curved beam 1 on the second side is an arc. It is worth noting that in other embodiments, the projected shape of the convex curved beam 1 on the second side can also be multiple consecutive arcs, such as the double-section structure described in Embodiment 3, which has two consecutive arcs.

[0054] The projected shape of the concave curved beam 2 on the first side is rectangular. In this embodiment, the projected shape of the concave curved beam 2 on the second side is an arc shape. It is worth noting that in other embodiments, the projected shape of the concave curved beam 2 on the second side can also be multiple continuous arc shapes, such as the double-section structure described in Embodiment 3, which is two continuous arc shapes.

[0055] The number of convex surfaces of the outwardly convex curved beam 1 is the same as the number of concave surfaces of the inwardly concave curved beam 2;

[0056] The thickness ranges from 5 mm to 12 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the convex surface is equal to the thickness of the concave surface. It is worth noting that in other embodiments, the thickness of the convex surface may also be less than the thickness of the concave surface, such as in Embodiment 2, where the thickness of the convex surface is less than the thickness of the concave surface.

[0057] In this embodiment, the convex curved beam 1 and the concave curved beam 2 have the same diameter and radius of curvature, and the radiating shells are both made of aluminum alloy.

[0058] The oscillator assembly in this embodiment includes four sets of piezoelectric ceramic stacks, evenly distributed inside the radiating housing along the y-axis of the transducer. Each set of piezoelectric ceramic stacks is formed by bonding an even number of piezoelectric ceramic sheets together with epoxy resin. The piezoelectric ceramic sheets are polarized along their thickness direction, with adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets having opposite polarization directions. An electrode sheet is also provided between every two piezoelectric ceramic sheets for welding leads. All piezoelectric ceramic sheets are electrically connected in parallel.

[0059] In this embodiment, the maximum height of the oscillator assembly exceeds the maximum height of the inner wall of the radiating shell. The radiating shell is deformed in advance, and the pressure generated by the increased height of the inner wall of the radiating shell is used to fix the oscillator assembly inside the radiating shell, thereby applying an axial preload to the oscillator assembly.

[0060] In this embodiment, the oscillator assembly can be made of piezoelectric ceramic stack, piezoelectric single crystal stack, or other ferroelectric and antiferroelectric materials.

[0061] In this embodiment, the convex curved beam 1, the concave curved beam 2, and the square sidewall can be made of stainless steel or titanium alloy in addition to aluminum alloy.

[0062] In this embodiment, the concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending transducer is driven by only a single electrical signal during operation, without the need to adjust the signal amplitude weighting coefficient and phase parameters with frequency.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Similar to Example 1, except that:

[0065] Combination Figure 3 In this embodiment, the thickness of the convex curved beam 1 is less than the thickness of the concave curved beam 2. This increases the transducer's monopole mode radiation components, resulting in better broadband emission and higher spatial uniformity of the radiated sound field in the yz plane.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] Similar to Example 1, except that:

[0068] Combination Figure 4 In this embodiment, both the convex curved beam 1 and the concave curved beam 2 are double-section structures. Compared with a single-section structure, the transducer can reduce the resonant frequency or increase the power capacity at the same resonant frequency while maintaining the same size, and it also adds controllability for the formation of low-frequency directivity.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Similar to Example 1, except that:

[0071] Combination Figure 5 In this embodiment, the oscillator assembly uses a magnetostrictive material and includes at least one magnetostrictive rod 4, a permanent magnet sheet 5, and an excitation coil 6. The magnetostrictive rod 4 is arranged along its height direction; when multiple magnetostrictive rods 4 are present, they are arranged along the height direction. The top and bottom of each magnetostrictive rod 4 are connected to the permanent magnet sheet 5. The excitation coil 6 is wound around the sidewall of the magnetostrictive rod 4. When the excitation coil 6 is energized, the generated magnetic field acts on the magnetostrictive rod 4, causing a change in its length. The permanent magnet sheet 5 enhances and stabilizes the magnetic field, ensuring the degree of deformation of the magnetostrictive rod 4, thereby achieving the oscillation of the oscillator. Preferably, the magnetostrictive material is terbium-dysprosium-iron or iron-gallium; the high energy product material is a neodymium-iron-boron, AlNiCo, Samarium-cobalt, or other alloy permanent magnet materials or ferrite permanent magnet materials.

[0072] The radiation shell in this embodiment can adopt the shell structure form in Embodiment 1, 2 or 3.

[0073] Combination Figure 8 The figure shows the transmission voltage response curves in the concave and convex directions of the present invention. Between the first and second resonant peaks, the response in the concave direction is greater than that in the convex direction, and at a certain intermediate frequency point, the response difference between the concave and convex directions reaches its maximum, thus achieving cardioid directional transmission.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and not intended to limit it. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be modified and varied in various ways. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer of concave-convex beam type, characterized in that, include: A convex bending beam (1), a concave bending beam (2), a top wall, a bottom wall, and an oscillator assembly (3); among which, The convex curved beam (1), the concave curved beam (2), the top wall, and the bottom wall are continuous solid structures. The convex curved beam (1) and the concave curved beam (2) are arranged opposite each other and have the same height. The tops of both are connected to the top wall, and the bottoms of both are connected to the bottom wall, together forming an asymmetric radial shell. The oscillator assembly (3) includes one or more sets of parallel and uniformly arranged driving oscillators, which are connected to the interior of the radiating shell along the height direction of the transducer. The convex curved beam (1) is vertically arranged along the height direction and has at least one curved convex surface that protrudes from the radiating shell to the outside, the center line of the convex surface being perpendicular to the height direction; The concave curved beam (2) is vertically arranged along the height direction and has a curved concave surface that is recessed from the outside into the radial shell, and the center line of the concave surface is perpendicular to the height direction. The thickness or radius of curvature of the convex surface of the outwardly convex curved beam (1) is different from that of the concave surface of the inwardly concave curved beam (2). By adjusting the thickness or radius of curvature of the convex surface and / or the concave surface, the modal radiation component ratio and coupling strength of the transducer can be adjusted. The first characteristic mode is dominated by the vibration of the concave curved beam (2), and the vibration directions of the concave curved beam (2) and the outwardly convex curved beam (1) are opposite. The second characteristic mode is dominated by the vibration of the outwardly convex curved beam (1), and the vibration directions of the concave curved beam (2) and the outwardly convex curved beam (1) are the same. The radiating shell has a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side, and the projection of the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side onto the bottom wall is rectangular. The convex curved beam (1) is located on the first side, and the concave curved beam (2) is located on the third side; the second and fourth sides are hollowed out; The projected shape of the convex curved beam (1) on the third side is rectangular, and the projected shape on the second side is one or more consecutive arcs. The concave curved beam (2) has a rectangular projection shape on the first side and a single or multiple consecutive arc shapes on the second side. The number of convex surfaces of the outwardly convex curved beam (1) is the same as the number of concave surfaces of the inwardly concave curved beam (2); The thickness of the convex surface is less than the thickness of the concave surface; The height of the oscillator assembly (3) is greater than the height of the inner wall of the radiating housing. When the oscillator assembly (3) is installed inside the radiating housing, the radiating housing deforms, thereby using the pressure generated by the increased height of the inner wall of the radiating housing to fix the oscillator assembly (3) inside the radiating housing, thereby applying an axial preload to the oscillator assembly (3).

2. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outwardly convex curved beam (1) has two continuous convex surfaces protruding outward from the radiating shell; the inwardly concave curved beam (2) has two continuous concave surfaces recessed inward from the outside into the radiating shell.

3. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The convex bending beam (1) and the concave bending beam (2) are made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or titanium alloy.

4. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The oscillator assembly (3) is a piezoelectric ceramic stack; the piezoelectric ceramic stack is formed by bonding an even number of piezoelectric ceramic sheets; the piezoelectric ceramic sheets are polarized along the thickness direction, the polarization directions of two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic sheets are opposite, an electrode sheet is also provided between every two piezoelectric ceramic sheets, and all piezoelectric ceramic sheets are electrically connected in parallel.

5. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The oscillator assembly (3) is a piezoelectric single crystal stack; the piezoelectric single crystal stack is formed by bonding an even number of piezoelectric single crystal wafers; an electrode is provided between every two piezoelectric single crystal wafers, and all piezoelectric single crystal wafers are electrically connected in parallel.

6. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The oscillator assembly (3) includes: at least one magnetostrictive rod (4), a permanent magnet plate (5), and an excitation coil (6); wherein, the magnetostrictive rod (4) is arranged along the height direction, and when there are multiple magnetostrictive rods (4), the multiple magnetostrictive rods (4) are arranged along the height direction; the top and bottom of the magnetostrictive rod (4) are connected to the permanent magnet plate (5); the excitation coil (6) is wound around the side wall of the magnetostrictive rod (4); when the excitation coil (6) is energized, the generated magnetic field acts on the magnetostrictive rod (4), causing the length of the magnetostrictive rod (4) to change; the permanent magnet plate (5) enhances and stabilizes the magnetic field to ensure the degree of deformation of the magnetostrictive rod (4), thereby realizing the vibration of the oscillator.

7. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The magnetostrictive rod (4) is made of magnetostrictive material, and the permanent magnet sheet (5) is made of high magnetic energy product material.

8. The concave-convex beam type low-frequency directional bending and tension transducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bending transducer is driven by a single electrical signal during operation, thus eliminating the need to adjust the signal amplitude weighting coefficient and phase parameters as the frequency changes.

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