Loudspeaker and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a loudspeaker and electronic equipment. The loudspeaker comprises a shell, a magnetic circuit assembly, a vibrating diaphragm and a voice coil, the magnetic circuit assembly comprises an edge magnetic part and a central magnetic part located on the inner side of the edge magnetic part, and the central magnetic part is provided with a gap. The loudspeaker further comprises a movable magnetic piece and a connecting piece, and the movable magnetic piece is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the vibrating diaphragm through the connecting piece. The magnetic pole of one end of the moving magnetic member close to the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of one end of the central magnetic portion close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of one end of the moving magnetic member away from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of one end of the central magnetic portion away from the diaphragm. According to the loudspeaker, the gap is formed in the central magnetic part, and the movable magnetic piece located in the gap is additionally arranged, so that a negative stiffness mechanism is introduced, the low-frequency sensitivity of the loudspeaker is improved, and the low-frequency effect of the loudspeaker is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of audio technology, and in particular to a speaker and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] As mobile phones and other portable devices continue to develop in the direction of thinness and miniaturization, the size of the speaker is often small due to the limited space inside the whole machine, which makes the volume of the speaker's back cavity small. The size of the speaker's back cavity volume affects the stiffness coefficient of the speaker's vibration system. The smaller the back cavity volume, the greater the air stiffness of the back cavity, and the stronger the suppression of the diaphragm vibration, resulting in an increase in the speaker's resonant frequency and a decrease in the speaker's low-frequency performance. Therefore, how to improve the low-frequency performance of miniaturized speakers has become a current research direction. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a speaker and an electronic device, wherein the speaker has better low-frequency performance.

[0004] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a loudspeaker. The loudspeaker includes a housing, a magnetic circuit assembly, a diaphragm, and a voice coil. The magnetic circuit assembly is fixedly connected to the housing. The magnetic circuit assembly includes a side magnetic portion and a central magnetic portion located inside the side magnetic portion. A magnetic gap is formed between the central magnetic portion and the side magnetic portion. The diaphragm is fixedly connected to the housing. The diaphragm and the magnetic circuit assembly are arranged opposite to each other. One end of the voice coil is fixedly connected to the diaphragm, and the other end of the voice coil is located in the magnetic gap. Among them, the central magnetic portion is provided with a gap, and the gap is arranged at intervals from the magnetic gap. The loudspeaker also includes a moving magnetic component and a connecting component. The moving magnetic component is located in the gap and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm through the connecting component. The magnetic pole of the moving magnetic component close to one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion close to one end of the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic component away from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion away from the diaphragm.

[0005] In the present application, since the moving magnetic part has magnetism and is located in the gap of the central magnetic part, that is, in the magnetic field of the central magnetic part, a force is formed between the moving magnetic part and the central magnetic part. Since the moving magnetic part is fixedly connected to the diaphragm, when the voice coil drives the diaphragm to vibrate, the moving magnetic part will vibrate together with the diaphragm. The force between the moving magnetic part and the central magnetic part will affect the vibration action and force of the diaphragm, and the moving magnetic part can exist as a vibration regulator.

[0006] In addition, since the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic piece close to the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic piece far from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part far from the diaphragm, the polarity direction of the moving magnetic piece is the same as the polarity direction of the central magnetic part, and the moving magnetic piece is repelled by the same magnetic pole of the central magnetic part when it moves in the gap. At this time, when the diaphragm deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates, the moving magnetic piece vibrates together, and the force acting on the moving magnetic piece is opposite to the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker itself, forming negative stiffness. The moving magnetic piece and the gap form a negative stiffness mechanism, which is conducive to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker and enhancing the low-frequency effect of the speaker.

[0007] Furthermore, since there is no need to increase the rear cavity space of the speaker when the negative stiffness mechanism is introduced into the speaker, the negative stiffness mechanism of the present solution is suitable for a miniaturized speaker structure and also contributes to the miniaturized design of the speaker.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the magnetic circuit assembly of the loudspeaker has a bottom surface disposed opposite to the diaphragm, the gap forms a first projection on the bottom surface, the moving magnetic component forms a second projection on the bottom surface, and the second projection is located in the middle of the first projection.

[0009] In this embodiment, the geometric center of the moving magnetic component is located in the middle of the gap in the width and length directions of the speaker, so that the force acting on the moving magnetic component in the width and length directions of the speaker is zero, while the moving magnetic component is subjected to the combined force in the stiffness direction of the speaker, thereby reducing the risk of the moving magnetic component causing the diaphragm to polarize and improving the movement reliability of the moving magnetic component.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the geometric center of the moving magnetic member is flush with the height center of the central magnetic portion.

[0011] In this embodiment, when the moving magnetic element is in a balanced position, the magnetic field symmetry of the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic element is better, and the resultant force acting on the moving magnetic element is 0 or extremely small, which is conducive to centering the diaphragm at the balanced position.

[0012] In the present application, the magnetic pole setting of the moving magnetic part is consistent with the magnetic pole setting of the central magnetic part. The gap can be shaped to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone and a negative stiffness zone, so that the moving magnetic part can achieve zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness when vibrating with a small amplitude (corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone), which is beneficial to achieving the centering effect. When the moving magnetic part vibrates with a large amplitude (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone), it achieves negative stiffness, thereby reducing the stiffness of the system, which is beneficial to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker and making the low-frequency performance of the speaker better.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the gap includes a gap body and a groove, the gap body extends in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the dynamic magnetic component is located in the gap body, the groove is located on the peripheral side of the gap body and connected to the gap body, and the groove is arranged around the dynamic magnetic component.

[0014] In this embodiment, the speaker forms a near-zero stiffness zone and negative stiffness zones on both sides of the near-zero stiffness zone by plasticizing the gap in the central magnetic part so that the gap includes a gap body and a groove, so that when the moving magnetic part is located in the near-zero stiffness zone, that is, in a small amplitude at and near the equilibrium position, zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness is achieved, which is conducive to centering and reduces the risk of instability. The risk of instability is the situation where the diaphragm is sucked to one side under abnormal conditions, such as the situation where the diaphragm is sucked to one side during the assembly process, or the situation where the diaphragm is displaced and sucked to one side under extreme drop impact conditions. Among them, when the moving magnetic part has a micro-positive stiffness in the near-zero stiffness zone, it can also play a role in supplementing the gravity of the vibration system to a certain extent. In addition, when the moving magnetic part is located in the negative stiffness zone, it is still subject to negative stiffness force, which helps to improve the low-frequency performance of the speaker.

[0015] In a possible implementation, in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the height center of the groove is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component, and the height H of the groove, the thickness T of the moving magnetic component and the height H0 of the central magnetic portion satisfy: 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5.

[0016] In this embodiment, the height center of the groove of the gap is usually consistent with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part, and the height size of the groove is within the range of ±H of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap. nz Positive correlation, by designing 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5, the gap forms a near-zero stiffness zone within 30% of the amplitude of the moving magnetic part, so that the speaker can better achieve the centering effect of the balanced position.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the groove is a continuous annular groove. The groove includes a plurality of groove portions, and the plurality of groove portions are symmetrical structures.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, the cross-sectional shape of the groove is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, semicircular or semi-elliptical.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the speaker further includes an adjustable magnetic component, which is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, and the adjustable magnetic component surrounds the dynamic magnetic component and is spaced apart from the dynamic magnetic component.

[0020] In this embodiment, the speaker is able to adjust the magnetic field of the gap to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone by adding an adjustable magnetic component and making the polarity direction of the adjustable magnetic component opposite to the polarity direction of the central magnetic part, so that the dynamic magnetic component 7 can achieve near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude range corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone to achieve centering.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the adjusting magnetic member is a soft magnet.

[0022] In this embodiment, the adjusting magnetic component is located in the gap of the central magnetic part, so the adjusting magnetic component is magnetized by the magnetic field in the gap, the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic component close to the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic component away from the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm. The adjusting magnetic component generates a magnetic field opposite to the gap magnetic field near it, so the magnetic field in the gap can be adjusted, reducing the gradient distribution of the original magnetic field, thereby realizing the expansion and adjustability of the balance zone of the moving magnetic component to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the adjusting magnetic member is a permanent magnet, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic member close to the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic member away from the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

[0024] In this embodiment, the adjusting magnetic part can also generate a magnetic field opposite to the gap magnetic field in its vicinity, so the magnetic field in the gap can be adjusted, thereby achieving the expansion and adjustment of the balance zone of the moving magnetic part to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0025] A possible implementation manner is characterized in that, in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the height center of the adjustment magnetic component is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component, and the height H' of the adjustment magnetic component, the thickness T of the moving magnetic component and the height H0 of the central magnetic part satisfy: 0.5≤H' / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5.

[0026] In this embodiment, the height center of the magnetic member is usually adjusted to be consistent with the geometric center of the moving magnetic member, and the height size of the magnetic member is adjusted to be within the range of ±H of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap. nz By designing 0.5≤H' / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5, the gap forms a near-zero stiffness zone within 30% of the amplitude of the moving magnetic part, so that the speaker can better achieve the centering effect of the equilibrium position.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, the adjusting magnetic member is a continuous annular structure; or, the adjusting magnetic member includes a plurality of magnetic parts, and the plurality of magnetic parts are symmetrical structures.

[0028] In a possible implementation manner, the speaker further includes a bracket, the bracket is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, and the adjusting magnetic part is embedded in the bracket.

[0029] In this embodiment, the adjusting magnetic component is fixedly connected to the central magnetic part through a bracket, which can increase the connection stability between the adjusting magnetic component and the central magnetic part, prevent the adjusting magnetic component from falling off, and improve the structural reliability of the speaker.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the speaker further includes two mating magnetic parts, both of which are located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, and the two mating magnetic parts are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjusting magnetic part and are spaced apart from the adjusting magnetic part, and the mating magnetic parts are soft magnets.

[0031] In this embodiment, two cooperating magnetic parts are located in the gap of the central magnetic part and are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjusting magnetic part. Therefore, the cooperating magnetic parts are magnetized by the magnetic field in the gap. The magnetic pole of the cooperating magnetic part close to the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the cooperating magnetic part away from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm. The polarization direction of the cooperating magnetic part is the same as the polarization direction of the central magnetic part. The cooperating magnetic part generates a magnetic field near it that is the same as the gap magnetic field. Therefore, the magnetic field in the gap can be adjusted, thereby realizing the growth rate adjustment of the magnetic force / stiffness curve with medium and high amplitudes (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone of the gap).

[0032] In a possible implementation, the mating magnetic part is a permanent magnet, and the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic part close to the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic part away from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

[0033] In this embodiment, the magnetic pole of the end of the matching magnetic part close to the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the end of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, the magnetic pole of the end of the matching magnetic part away from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the end of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm, and the polarization direction of the matching magnetic part is the same as the polarization direction of the central magnetic part. At this time, the matching magnetic part can also generate a magnetic field in its vicinity that is the same as the gap magnetic field, so the magnetic field in the gap can be adjusted, thereby achieving the growth rate adjustment of the magnetic force / stiffness curve of medium and high amplitudes (corresponding to the negative stiffness area of ​​the gap).

[0034] In one possible embodiment, the magnetic circuit assembly includes a central magnet, a side magnet, a central magnetic conductive member, a side magnetic conductive member and a lower magnetic conductive member, the side magnet surrounds the central magnet and is spaced apart from the central magnet, the central magnetic conductive member is fixed to the side of the central magnet facing the diaphragm, the side magnetic conductive member is fixed to the side of the side magnet facing the diaphragm and is spaced apart from the central magnetic conductive member, the lower magnetic conductive member includes a first part and a second part arranged around the first part, the first part is fixed to the side of the central magnet facing away from the central magnetic conductive member, and the second part is fixed to the side of the side magnet facing away from the side magnetic conductive member, wherein the central magnetic part includes the central magnet, the central magnetic conductive member and the first part, the side magnetic part includes the side magnet, the side magnetic conductive member and the second part; and the gap runs through the central magnetic conductive member, the central magnet and the first part.

[0035] In this embodiment, the gap runs through the central magnetic conductive member, the central magnet and the first part of the lower magnetic conductive member. The speaker can fully utilize the space of the central magnetic part to arrange the gap, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the speaker.

[0036] Exemplarily, the four magnets of the side magnet are respectively fixed to the four sides of the shell, and each magnet is located between two limit posts of a corresponding set of limit posts, so that the assembly structure is more stable and accurate. The connection frame of the side magnetic conductive member can be provided with multiple groups of positioning holes, and the multiple groups of positioning holes can be matched with the multiple groups of positioning posts of the shell to increase the connection stability between the shell and the side magnetic conductive member.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the central magnet has a width W0 and a length L0, and the gap has a width W and a length L, satisfying: W*L≤W0*L0 / 9; or, W0 / L0=W / L, and W≤W0 / 3, L≤L0 / 3.

[0038] In this embodiment, by setting the size relationship between the gap and the central magnet, the speaker can take into account both the magnetic force requirement of the moving magnetic part and the field strength requirement of the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit assembly.

[0039] In a possible implementation, a gap is formed between the moving magnetic part and the central magnet, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm. In this case, by limiting the gap between the moving magnetic part and the central magnet, the speaker can take into account engineering capabilities, have a higher product yield, and can also make the magnetic force generated by the moving magnetic part larger.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the moving magnetic component includes a permanent magnet, or includes at least two permanent magnets, or includes at least one permanent magnet and at least one soft magnet. In this implementation, the loudspeaker can adjust the magnetic force or stiffness curve by designing the organizational topology of the moving magnetic component itself.

[0041] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a housing and the above-mentioned speaker, and the speaker is installed in the housing. In the present application, the electronic device has a speaker with good low-frequency performance, and the electronic device can emit low-frequency sound with good sound quality through the speaker, thereby improving the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology will be described below.

[0043] Figure 1A It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 1B yes Figure 1A A schematic block diagram of the audio playback process of the electronic device shown in some usage scenarios;

[0045] Figure 2 yes Figure 1A The structure diagram of the speaker shown in some embodiments;

[0046] Figure 3A yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the loudspeaker shown is taken along AA;

[0047] Figure 3B yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the loudspeaker shown is taken along BB;

[0048] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the loudspeaker shown;

[0049] Figure 5 yes Figure 3B A schematic cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker shown;

[0050] Fig. 6A yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the speaker in some usage scenarios;

[0051] Figure 6B yes Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the loudspeaker in other usage scenarios;

[0052] Figure 6C yes Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the loudspeaker in some further usage scenarios;

[0053] FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D yes Figure 5Magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the loudspeaker in some possible embodiments;

[0054] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part of the loudspeaker shown;

[0055] Fig. 9A yes Figure 1A The internal structure of the loudspeaker in some other embodiments is shown in a simplified schematic diagram;

[0056] Fig. 9B yes Figure 1A The internal structure of the loudspeaker in some other embodiments is shown in a simplified schematic diagram;

[0057] FIG. 10A to FIG. 10C yes Fig. 9A The speakers shown and Fig. 9B Schematic diagrams 1 to 3 of the positional relationship between the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the speaker in some embodiments;

[0058] FIG. 11A to FIG. 11D yes Fig. 9A Magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the loudspeaker in some possible embodiments;

[0059] FIG. 12A to FIG. 12D yes Fig. 9B Magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the loudspeaker in some possible embodiments;

[0060] Fig.13 yes Figure 5 The moving magnet of the loudspeaker shown, Fig. 9A The moving magnetic parts and Fig. 9B A force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part of the loudspeaker shown;

[0061] Fig.14A yes Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B A stiffness curve diagram showing the system stiffness components of the loudspeaker in the working state;

[0062] Fig. 14B yes Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B A stiffness curve comparison diagram of the system stiffness of the loudspeaker shown and the traditional loudspeaker in the working state;

[0063] Fig. 14C yes Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B The stiffness curve diagram of the loudspeaker in non-working state is shown;

[0064] Fig.15 yes Figure 1A Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the loudspeaker in other embodiments;

[0065] Fig.16A yes Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the loudspeaker shown;

[0066] Fig. 16B yes Fig.16A An exploded view of the structure shown;

[0067] Fig.17 yes Fig.15 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the central magnetic part, the moving magnetic part and the adjusting magnetic part of the loudspeaker shown;

[0068] 18A to 18D yes Fig.15 Magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the speaker in an embodiment where no adjusting magnetic part is provided;

[0069] FIG. 19A to FIG. 19D yes Fig.15 Magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the speaker shown in the embodiment in which the adjusting magnetic part is a soft magnet;

[0070] FIG. 20A to FIG. 20D yes Fig.15 Magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part and the moving magnetic part of the speaker in the embodiment where the adjustable magnetic part is a permanent magnet;

[0071] Fig.21 yes Fig.15 The force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part of the speaker shown in the scheme without the adjustment magnetic part and with the adjustment magnetic part using a soft magnet;

[0072] Fig. 22 yes Fig.15 The force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part of the speaker shown in the scheme without the adjustment magnetic part and with the adjustment magnetic part using a permanent magnet;

[0073] Fig.23 yes Figure 1A Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the loudspeaker in other embodiments;

[0074] Fig.24A yes Fig.23 A schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the loudspeaker shown;

[0075] Fig. 24B yes Fig.24A An exploded view of the structure shown;

[0076] Fig.25 yes Fig.23 A schematic structural diagram of the central magnetic part, the moving magnetic part, the adjusting magnetic part and the matching magnetic part of the speaker shown;

[0077] Fig.26 yes Fig.23 A force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part of the speaker in a scheme without a matching magnetic part and a scheme with a matching magnetic part;

[0078] Fig. 27 yes Figure 1A Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the loudspeaker in some other embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0080] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Multiple" means at least two.

[0081] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, such as "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "side", etc., are only references to the directions of the drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present application, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0082] In the embodiments of the present application, the limitations of the relative position relationship mentioned, such as parallel, vertical, aligned, etc. These limitations are all for the current state of the art, rather than absolutely strict limitations, and a small amount of deviation is allowed, and it is possible to be approximately parallel, approximately vertical, approximately aligned, etc. For example, A and B are parallel, which means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. For example, A and B are perpendicular, which means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0084] See also Figure 1A , Figure 1A It is a structural diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0085] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may be a device with an audio playback function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a multimedia player, a headset, a stereo, a laptop computer, a vehicle-mounted device, a foldable terminal device, a television, or a wearable device. Among them, the wearable device may be a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart head display, smart glasses, etc. Figure 1A The electronic device 100 of the illustrated embodiment is described by taking a mobile phone as an example. Of course, other types of electronic devices 100 may also adopt similar structures, which will not be described in detail below.

[0086] Exemplarily, the electronic device 100 may include a housing 10, a display screen 20, and a speaker 30. The housing 10 is used to protect the internal electronic components of the electronic device 100. The housing 10 may include a frame 101 and a back cover 102, wherein the frame 101 is connected to the back cover 102 and is arranged around the back cover 102. Exemplarily, the display screen 20 may be fixed to the frame 101. The display screen 20 is arranged opposite to the back cover 102, and the display screen 20 may enclose the interior of the electronic device 100 together with the frame 101 and the back cover 102. The display screen 20 may be a flexible display screen or a rigid display screen. The display screen 20 may be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, a mini organic light-emitting diode (Mini organic light-emitting diode) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (Micro organic light-emitting diode) display screen, a quantum dot light emitting diode (Quantum dot light emitting diodes, QLED) display screen, a liquid crystal display (Liquid crystal display, LCD), etc.

[0087] The frame 101 may be provided with a sound outlet 1011. The number of the sound outlet 1011 may be one or more. Figure 1A The number of the sound outlet holes 1011 shown in the figure is multiple. In other embodiments, the sound outlet holes 1011 can also be set on the back cover 102, the display screen 20, the connection between the frame 101 and the display screen 20, or the connection between the frame 101 and the back cover 102.

[0088] Exemplarily, the speaker 30 may be installed in the housing 10 and located inside the electronic device 100. Figure 1A The speaker 30 is indicated by a dotted line. The speaker 30 can play sound to the outside of the electronic device 100 through the sound outlet 1011.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1B , Figure 1B yes Figure 1A The illustrated diagram is a schematic block diagram of an audio playback process of the electronic device 100 in some usage scenarios.

[0090] In some embodiments, the process of the speaker 30 playing audio may be: the electronic device 100 decodes the audio file into a digital signal, performs a digital-to-analog conversion on the digital signal, restores it to an analog signal, then amplifies the analog signal, and inputs it to the speaker 30, and the speaker 30 plays the audio. After the voice coil of the speaker 30 receives the current signal, the energized voice coil is subjected to magnetic vibration in the magnetic field environment of the magnetic circuit component of the speaker 30, thereby driving the diaphragm to vibrate and achieve sound.

[0091] In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include a plurality of speakers 30 , and the plurality of speakers 30 may be used to emit sounds of a plurality of audio tracks to form stereo sound.

[0092] It should be noted that Figure 1A Some components of the electronic device 100 are shown schematically only, and the actual shapes and sizes of these components are not subject to Figure 1A It should be understood that when the electronic device 100 is in other forms, the electronic device 100 may not include the display screen 20 , or the electronic device 100 may include multiple display screens 20 .

[0093] The above specifically introduces the relevant configuration of the speaker 30 in the electronic device 100 , and the following will introduce the specific structure of the speaker 30 in conjunction with the relevant drawings.

[0094] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 2 yes Figure 1A The structure diagram of the speaker 30 in some embodiments is shown in FIG. Figure 3A yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the loudspeaker 30 is shown along the AA line. Figure 3B yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the loudspeaker 30 is shown along the section BB. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the speaker 30 is shown.

[0095] In some embodiments, the speaker 30 may include a housing 1, a diaphragm 2, a magnetic circuit assembly 3, a voice coil 4, a connecting frame 5, a flexible circuit board 6, a moving magnetic component 7, and a connecting component 8. For ease of description, the speaker 30 is defined as having a length direction X, a width direction Y, and a thickness direction Z, and the above directions are arranged perpendicularly in pairs. The speaker 30 and its components or structures are defined as having a side close to the diaphragm 2 as the "top" and a side away from the diaphragm 2 as the "bottom".

[0096] Exemplarily, the shell 1 may be roughly frame-shaped, for example, the shell 1 may be a rectangular frame, and the middle part of the shell 1 is hollowed out. In some examples, the shell 1 may also be called a basin frame. Among them, the shell 1 has a mounting groove 11, and the mounting groove 11 is arranged around the circumference of the shell 1. The shell 1 may include multiple groups of positioning columns 12 and multiple groups of limiting columns 13. The multiple groups of positioning columns 12 may be respectively located on the four sides of the shell 1, and at least partially located in the mounting groove 11. Each group of positioning columns 12 includes at least two positioning columns 12 arranged at intervals. The multiple groups of limiting columns 13 may be respectively located on the four sides of the shell 1, and located at the bottom of the shell 1. Each group of limiting columns 13 includes two limiting columns 13 arranged at intervals. In some other embodiments, the shell 1 may also be a frame of other shapes, such as a circular frame, etc., which is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0097] Exemplarily, the diaphragm 2 is fixedly connected to the housing 1. The diaphragm 2 may include a vibrating portion 21, a folding ring portion 22 and a fixing portion 23, wherein the folding ring portion 22 surrounds the outer circumference of the vibrating portion 21 and is connected to the vibrating portion 21, and the fixing portion 23 surrounds the outer circumference of the folding ring portion 22 and is connected to the folding ring portion 22. The fixing portion 23 may be fixedly connected to the top side of the housing 1, and the folding ring portion 22 and the vibrating portion 21 correspond to the hollowed-out position in the middle of the housing 1.

[0098] Exemplarily, the magnetic circuit assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the magnetic circuit assembly 3 is arranged opposite to the diaphragm 2, and a gap is formed between the magnetic circuit assembly 3 and the vibrating portion 21 and the folding ring portion 22 of the diaphragm 2. The magnetic circuit assembly 3 may include a central magnetic portion 3a and a side magnetic portion 3b, the central magnetic portion 3a is located on the inner side of the side magnetic portion 3b, and a magnetic gap 3c is formed between the central magnetic portion 3a and the side magnetic portion 3b. The central magnetic portion 3a may be provided with a gap 3d, and the gap 3d is spaced apart from the magnetic gap 3c.

[0099] In some examples, the magnetic circuit assembly 3 may include a side magnet 32, a central magnetic conductive member 33, a side magnetic conductive member 34, and a lower magnetic conductive member 35. The lower magnetic conductive member 35 includes a first portion 351 and a second portion 352 disposed around the first portion 351, the central magnetic portion 3a includes a central magnet 31, a central magnetic conductive member 33, and the first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35, and the side magnetic portion 3b includes a side magnet 32, a side magnetic conductive member 34, and the second portion 352 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35.

[0100] The central magnet 31 may be substantially rectangular. A first through hole 311 may be provided in the middle of the central magnet 31, and the first through hole 311 forms a part of the gap 3d.

[0101] The side magnet 32 ​​surrounds the center magnet 31 and is spaced apart from the center magnet 31. For example, the side magnet 32 ​​may include four magnets, which are arranged around the center magnet 31 and are spaced apart from the center magnet 31. The side magnet 32 ​​may be fixedly connected to the shell 1. For example, the four magnets of the side magnet 32 ​​are respectively fixed to the four sides of the shell 1, and each magnet is located between two limit posts 13 of a corresponding set of limit posts 13, so that the assembly structure is more stable and accurate. In other embodiments, the side magnet 32 ​​may also be an annular magnet, which is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application. The gap between the side magnet 32 ​​and the center magnet 31 is a part of the magnetic gap 3c.

[0102] The central magnetic conductive member 33 is fixed to the side of the central magnet 31 facing the diaphragm 2. The central magnetic conductive member 33 is opposite to the vibrating portion 21 of the diaphragm 2 and is arranged at a distance. A second through hole 331 may be provided in the middle of the central magnetic conductive member 33. The second through hole 331 is connected to the first through hole 311, and the second through hole 331 forms another part of the gap 3d. The central magnetic conductive member 33 may be made of a magnetic conductive material.

[0103] The side magnetic conductive member 34 is fixed to the side of the side magnet 32 ​​facing the diaphragm 2 and is spaced apart from the central magnetic conductive member 33. The side magnetic conductive member 34 is opposite to the folding ring portion 22 of the diaphragm 2 and is spaced apart. The side magnetic conductive member 34 may include four magnetic conductive portions 341 and a connecting frame 342, two of the four magnetic conductive portions 341 are oppositely arranged, and the other two magnetic conductive portions 341 are oppositely arranged, and the connecting frame 342 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the four magnetic conductive portions 341 and is fixedly connected to the four magnetic conductive portions 341. The four magnetic conductive portions 341 are respectively located on the top sides of the four magnets of the side magnet 32. The gap between the side magnetic conductive member 34 and the central magnetic conductive member 33 forms another part of the magnetic gap 3c. The side magnetic conductive member 34 may be made of magnetic conductive material.

[0104] The side magnetic conductive member 34 is also fixedly connected to the housing 1. For example, the side magnetic conductive member 34 may be partially located in the mounting slot 11 of the housing 1. The connection frame 342 of the side magnetic conductive member 34 may be provided with a plurality of positioning holes 3421, and the plurality of positioning holes 3421 may be matched with the plurality of positioning posts 12 of the housing 1 to increase the connection stability between the housing 1 and the side magnetic conductive member 34.

[0105] The lower magnetic conductive member 35 may be roughly in the shape of a rectangular plate. The first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 may be roughly in the shape of a rectangle, and the second portion 352 may be roughly in the shape of a rectangular ring. The first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 is fixed to the side of the central magnet 31 facing away from the central magnetic conductive member 33, and the second portion 352 is fixed to the side of the side magnet 32 ​​facing away from the side magnetic conductive member 34. The first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 may be provided with a third through hole 3511, the third through hole 3511 is connected to the first through hole 311, and the third through hole 3511 forms another part of the gap 3d. At this time, the gap 3d passes through the central magnetic portion 3a, that is, the gap 3d can pass through the central magnetic conductive member 33, the central magnet 31 and the first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35. At this time, the speaker 30 makes full use of the thickness space of the central magnetic portion 3a to arrange the gap 3d, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the speaker 30.

[0106] The lower magnetic conductive member 35 may have an annular groove 3521 and a plurality of avoidance grooves 3522. The annular groove 3521 is provided at one end of the second portion 352 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 close to the first portion 351, and the opening faces the top side of the lower magnetic conductive member 35. The plurality of avoidance grooves 3522 are distributed at the outer positions of the four corners of the annular groove 3521, and the annular groove 3521 is provided. The annular groove 3521 is provided around the central magnet 31, and the plurality of avoidance grooves 3522 are staggered with the side magnets 32. The annular groove 3521 is provided corresponding to the magnetic gap 3c, connected to the magnetic gap 3c or a part of the magnetic gap 3c, so as to increase the height of the magnetic gap 3c.

[0107] Exemplarily, the voice coil 4 is located between the diaphragm 2 and the magnetic circuit assembly 3. One end of the voice coil 4 is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2, and the other end of the voice coil 4 is located in the magnetic gap 3c. The voice coil 4 can be connected to the vibration part 21 of the diaphragm 2. The voice coil 4 can be fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2 through the connecting frame 5 to better meet the position arrangement requirements. The connecting frame 5 can be frame-shaped, so that the voice coil 4 can be evenly connected to the diaphragm 2 along the circumference of the voice coil 4.

[0108] In this embodiment, when the voice coil 4 is energized, the voice coil 4 generates a force in the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit assembly 3, thereby pushing the diaphragm 2 to vibrate, so that the speaker 30 can produce sound. The voice coil 4 can receive an alternating signal and generate an alternating force in the magnetic field. The direction in which the voice coil 4 pushes the diaphragm 2 to vibrate is along the axial direction of the voice coil 4, and the vibration direction of the diaphragm 2 is usually perpendicular to the diaphragm 2 itself.

[0109] Exemplarily, the flexible circuit board 6 can be connected between the voice coil 4 and the housing 1. For example, the flexible circuit board 6 can include four parts, one end of each of the four parts is fixed to the bottom of the housing 1, and the other end is fixed to the four corners of the voice coil 4. The flexible circuit board 6 can be arranged corresponding to the avoidance groove 3522 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35, and the avoidance groove 3522 is used to avoid the flexible circuit board 6. In other embodiments, the speaker 30 may not be provided with a flexible circuit board 6.

[0110] Exemplarily, the moving magnetic component 7 is located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic portion 3a, and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2 through the connecting member 8. Among them, one end of the connecting member 8 can be fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2, and the moving magnetic component 7 can be embedded in the other end of the connecting member 8. In this embodiment, the moving magnetic component 7 has magnetism. Since the moving magnetic component 7 is located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic portion 3a, that is, it is located in the magnetic field of the central magnetic portion 3a, a force is formed between the moving magnetic component 7 and the central magnetic portion 3a. Since the moving magnetic component 7 is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2, when the voice coil 4 drives the diaphragm 2 to vibrate, the moving magnetic component 7 will vibrate together with the diaphragm 2. The force between the moving magnetic component 7 and the central magnetic portion 3a will affect the vibration action and force of the diaphragm 2. The moving magnetic component 7 can exist as a vibration regulator.

[0111] In a general speaker, the vibrating parts such as the diaphragm belong to the vibration system, and the parts such as the folding ring that supports the diaphragm belong to the support system. By analyzing the force on the diaphragm, its vibration equation can be obtained:

[0112]

[0113] Among them, the mass of the vibrating part in the vibration system and the equivalent sound mass generated by the reaction of sound radiation are collectively referred to as the vibration mass Mms of the speaker. When the diaphragm vibrates up and down away from the center position, the support system will provide elastic restoring force, which changes with the change of the deviation position, and its stiffness coefficient Kms can be obtained. The stiffness coefficient Kms and the vibration mass Mms determine the first-order resonant frequency of the speaker vibration system, which is defined as:

[0114]

[0115] From the formula, it can be seen that a smaller stiffness coefficient Kms and a larger vibration mass Mms are helpful to reduce the first-order resonance frequency fs, so that the speaker 30 can obtain better low-frequency sound output. The stiffness coefficient Kms of the speaker system is partly determined by the size of the system back cavity, that is, the air stiffness Ka, and partly determined by the stiffness Ks of the folding ring or other supporting components, which is related to the Young's modulus of the material, the material thickness and the structural design. The stiffness coefficient Kms satisfies: Kms=Ka+Ks.

[0116] At present, the reduction of the stiffness coefficient Kms by traditional means has reached a bottleneck. Due to the miniaturization of terminal products, the rear cavity of the speaker is developing towards a smaller size, and the air stiffness Ka is difficult to reduce further; and the stiffness Ks of the supporting components, due to material technology constraints, will bring a series of reliability problems and nonlinear problems if it is further reduced, making it difficult to support the low-frequency needs of the terminal products for the speaker. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce new mechanisms from other angles to reduce the stiffness coefficient Kms of the system or reduce the elastic restoring force of the supporting system and air, so as to improve the low-frequency sound output. In theory, through a certain mechanism setting, another force that offsets the restoring force (for example, in the opposite direction) is introduced, and this force varies with the deviation of the diaphragm from the center position, so that the effect of reducing the stiffness of the system can be achieved, thereby reducing fs and improving the low-frequency sound output.

[0117]

[0118] F mag (x) = K b (x)x

[0119]

[0120] K=K ms (x)-K b (x)

[0121] As deduced from the above formula, the system stiffness K is equal to the original support stiffness Kms minus the stiffness Kb generated by the new mechanism. Kb can be called negative stiffness, and the mechanism that generates Kb is called a negative stiffness mechanism.

[0122] Please refer again Figure 3B In the embodiment of the present application, the central magnetic portion 3a is provided with a gap 3d, and the dynamic magnetic component 7 connected to the diaphragm 2 is located in the gap 3d. The speaker 30 sets the magnetic pole relationship between the central magnetic portion 3a and the dynamic magnetic component 7. During the vibration of the diaphragm 2, the central magnetic portion 3a can form a repulsive force on the dynamic magnetic component 7, and the direction of the repulsive force is opposite to the reset direction of the diaphragm 2 (that is, the direction in which the diaphragm 2 returns to the equilibrium position from the current position). Therefore, a stiffness adjustment mechanism is introduced into the speaker 30, and the negative stiffness mechanism is used, which is beneficial to reduce the first-order resonant frequency of the speaker 30, improve the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker 30, and enhance the low-frequency effect of the speaker 30.

[0123] Please refer to Figures 5 to 6C , Figure 5 yes Figure 3B A schematic cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 30 is shown. Fig. 6A yes Figure 5 The central magnetic part 3a and the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 are schematic diagrams in some usage scenarios. Figure 6B yes Figure 5The central magnetic part 3a and the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 are schematic diagrams in other usage scenarios. Figure 6C yes Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic member 7 of the loudspeaker 30 in some further usage scenarios.

[0124] In some embodiments, the polarity direction of the central magnetic portion 3a can be set along the thickness direction Z of the speaker 30. In the embodiment of the present application, the magnetic part has two magnetic poles, namely the north pole (N pole) and the south pole (S pole), and the magnetic pole direction of the magnetic part can be understood as the direction from the N pole to the S pole. For example, the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a close to one end of the diaphragm 2 can be the N pole, and the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a away from one end of the diaphragm 2 can be the S pole. In other embodiments, the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a close to one end of the diaphragm 2 can be the S pole, and the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a away from one end of the diaphragm 2 can be the N pole. Among them, the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a is determined by the magnetic pole of its central magnet 31.

[0125] Among them, the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic member 7 close to the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a close to the diaphragm 2, and the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic member 7 away from the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a away from the diaphragm 2. At this time, the polarity direction of the moving magnetic member 7 is the same as the polarity direction of the central magnetic part 3a. When the moving magnetic member 7 moves in the gap 3d, it is repelled by the same magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a. When the diaphragm 2 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates, the moving magnetic member 7 vibrates together, and the force acting on the moving magnetic member 7 is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system of the loudspeaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness. The moving magnetic member 7 and the gap 3d form a negative stiffness mechanism, which is conducive to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the loudspeaker 30 and enhancing the low-frequency effect of the loudspeaker 30. In addition, since there is no need to increase the back cavity space of the loudspeaker 30 when the above-mentioned negative stiffness mechanism is introduced into the loudspeaker 30, the negative stiffness mechanism of this scheme is suitable for a miniaturized loudspeaker structure and also contributes to the miniaturized design of the loudspeaker.

[0126] Specifically, when the moving magnetic component 7 is located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, there is a distribution gradient of the magnetic field at its upper surface, lower surface and upper and lower parts of the side surfaces, thereby forming a difference in the thickness direction Z of the speaker 30. The integral of the magnetic field over the boundary area can be used to calculate the resultant magnetic force acting on the moving magnetic component 7, which is comprehensively expressed as a repulsive force. FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C For the sake of convenience, F1 represents the repulsive force of the N pole, and F2 represents the repulsive force of the S pole. When the diaphragm 2 is in a balanced position, Fig. 6A As shown in FIG. 1 , the moving magnetic member 7 is also in a balanced position, F1 and F2 are equal or close, and the resultant force is 0 or near zero. At this time, the moving magnetic member 7 is at zero stiffness or near zero stiffness, achieving a centering effect. When the diaphragm 2 vibrates upward from the balanced position, as shown in FIG. Figure 6BAs shown, the moving magnetic member 7 also vibrates upward from the equilibrium position, F1 is smaller than F2, and the resultant force F is an upward force. At this time, the direction of the resultant force F is far away from the equilibrium position. The direction of F is consistent with the movement direction of the diaphragm 2 and the moving magnetic member 7, and is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force. When the diaphragm 2 vibrates downward from the equilibrium position, as shown in FIG. Figure 6C As shown, the moving magnet 7 also vibrates downward from the equilibrium position, F1 is greater than F2, and the resultant force F is a downward force. At this time, the direction of the resultant force F is far away from the equilibrium position. The direction of F is consistent with the movement direction of the diaphragm 2 and the moving magnetic member 7, and is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0127] Please refer to FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D , FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D yes Figure 5 The magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part 3a and the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 in some possible embodiments are shown. FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D In the figure, the lighter the color of a certain area in the gap 3d, the stronger the magnetic field.

[0128] in, Fig. 7A and Figure 7B The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig. 7A As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the force acting on the moving magnetic part 7 is Fig. 6A As shown in FIG. 1 , the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Figure 7B As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 form a difference, and the force acting on the moving magnetic part 7 is different from that on the moving magnetic part 7. Figure 6B As shown in the figure, the moving magnetic element 7 is subjected to an upward resultant force, which is opposite to the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0129] in, Figure 7C and Fig.7D At the same time, the magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a and the moving magnetic part 7 at the gap 3d is presented. Figure 7C As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the force acting on the moving magnetic part 7 is Fig. 6A As shown in FIG. 1 , the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig.7D As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 form a difference, and the force acting on the moving magnetic part 7 is different from that on the moving magnetic part 7. Figure 6B As shown in the figure, the moving magnetic element 7 is subjected to an upward resultant force, which is opposite to the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0130] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 yes Figure 5 The force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 is shown.

[0131] Figure 8 The horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the moving magnetic part 7, in micrometers (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7, in millinewtons (mN). Figure 8 As shown, when the moving magnetic part 7 is in the equilibrium position, the resultant force it receives is 0. When the moving magnetic part 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates upward, the resultant force it receives is an upward force, which is a negative stiffness force. When the moving magnetic part 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates downward, the resultant force it receives is a downward force, which is a negative stiffness force.

[0132] Therefore, through FIG. 6A to FIG. 8 From the force analysis and simulated magnetic field of the moving magnetic component 7, it can be known that the speaker 30 places the moving magnetic component 7 in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, and the magnetic pole setting of the moving magnetic component 7 is consistent with the magnetic pole setting of the central magnetic part 3a, so that the moving magnetic component 7 can form a zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness mechanism at the equilibrium position. The vibration system of the speaker 30 is controlled by gravity and the tension of the diaphragm 2 at the equilibrium position, and will not be affected by the magnetic force of the moving magnetic component 7 and become unstable and deviate from the equilibrium position, which is beneficial to achieving the centering effect, and can also form a negative stiffness mechanism when the moving magnetic component 7 vibrates away from the equilibrium position, thereby reducing the system stiffness, which is beneficial to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker 30 and making the low-frequency performance of the speaker 30 better.

[0133] Please continue reading Figure 5 In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit assembly 3 has a bottom surface facing away from the diaphragm 2, which is the bottom surface 353 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 facing away from the central magnet 31. The gap 3d forms a first projection on the bottom surface 353, and the moving magnetic member 7 forms a second projection on the bottom surface 353, and the second projection is located in the middle of the first projection.

[0134] In this embodiment, the geometric center of the moving magnetic component 7 is located in the middle of the gap 3d in the width direction X and the length direction Y of the speaker 30, so that the force acting on the moving magnetic component 7 in the width direction X and the length direction Y of the speaker 30 is zero, while the moving magnetic component 7 is subjected to the combined force in the stiffness direction Z of the speaker 30, so as to reduce the risk of polarization of the diaphragm 2 caused by the moving magnetic component 7 and improve the movement reliability of the moving magnetic component 7.

[0135] In some embodiments, the central magnetic portion 3a can be a symmetrical structure relative to the gap 3d, including symmetry in the width direction X of the speaker 30 and symmetry in the length direction Y of the speaker 30, so that the force applied to the moving magnetic component 7 when moving in the gap 3d can be balanced in the width direction X and the length direction Y of the speaker 30, thereby reducing the risk of polarization of the diaphragm 2 caused by the force of the moving magnetic component 7.

[0136] In some embodiments, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, when the moving magnetic member 7 is in the equilibrium position, the geometric center of the moving magnetic member 7 is flush with the height center of the central magnetic portion 3a. At this time, when the moving magnetic member 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic field symmetry of the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic member 7 is better, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic member 7 is 0 or very small, which is conducive to achieving the centering of the diaphragm 2 at the equilibrium position.

[0137] In other embodiments, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, when the moving magnetic member 7 is in the equilibrium position, a first spacing is formed between the geometric center of the moving magnetic member 7 and the height center of the central magnetic portion 3a, and the ratio of the first spacing to the height of the central magnetic portion 3a is less than or equal to 15%. At this time, when the moving magnetic member 7 is in the equilibrium position, the upper and lower magnetic fields of the moving magnetic member 7 still have good symmetry, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic member 7 is 0 or nearly 0, which is conducive to achieving the centering of the diaphragm 2 at the equilibrium position.

[0138] In some embodiments, when the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and moves downward, the range of its movement does not exceed the bottom surface 353 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35; when the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and moves upward, the range of its movement does not exceed the top surface of the central magnetic conductive member 33. In the thickness direction Z of the speaker 30, the height of the central magnetic portion 3a is H0, the thickness of the moving magnetic member 7 is T, the amplitude of the upward movement of the moving magnetic member 7 is (H0-T) / 2, and the amplitude of the downward movement of the moving magnetic member 7 is -(H0-T) / 2.

[0139] In other embodiments, when the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and moves upward, its movement range may also slightly exceed the top surface of the central magnetic conductive member 33 , so that the movement range of the moving magnetic member 7 and its associated linkage device is below the diaphragm 2 of the speaker 30 .

[0140] In other embodiments, when the movement amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is small, for example, when the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and moves downward without exceeding the bottom surface 353 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35, the third through hole 3511 at the lower magnetic conductive member 35 can be adjusted to a groove or cancelled.

[0141] In some embodiments, the size of the gap 3d includes height, width and length. The height of the gap 3d is determined by the thickness of the moving magnetic part 7 and the vibration range of the diaphragm 2 of the moving magnetic part 7. The minimum value of the width and length of the gap 3d is determined by the magnetic force range that the moving magnetic part 7 needs to generate. The larger the width and length of the gap 3d, the larger the structure of the moving magnetic part 7 can be set to, so as to have a stronger magnetic force. The maximum value of the width and length of the gap 3d is determined by the acceptable attenuation of the magnetic gap 3c field strength of the voice coil 4 or the magnetic factor Bl of the voice coil 4. In this embodiment, the attenuation amplitude is set to be less than 10%, that is, the magnetic gap 3c field strength of 0.9*Bl needs to be retained.

[0142] Exemplarily, the central magnet 31 has a width W0 and a length L0, and the gap 3d has a width W and a length L, satisfying: W*L≤W0*L0 / 9; or, W0 / L0=W / L, and W≤W0 / 3, L≤L0 / 3.

[0143] In this embodiment, by setting the size relationship between the gap 3d and the central magnet 31, the speaker 30 can take into account both the magnetic force requirement of the moving magnetic component 7 and the field strength requirement of the magnetic gap 3c of the magnetic circuit assembly 3.

[0144] In some embodiments, when the size of the gap 3d is determined, the larger the size of the moving magnetic part 7, the greater the magnetic force generally generated. Among them, the height of the moving magnetic part 7 is determined by the required range of motion and the anti-demagnetization ability of the magnet. Among them, the greater the thickness of the moving magnetic part 7, the stronger the anti-demagnetization ability. In this embodiment, the range of magnetic force received can be adjusted by adjusting the volume of the moving magnetic part 7. The maximum value of the width of the moving magnetic part 7 is also affected by the minimum gap between the moving magnetic part 7 and the center magnet 31. Generally, the smaller the gap, the greater the magnetic force. The minimum value of the gap depends on engineering capabilities, such as dimensional tolerance, position tolerance, etc. The maximum value of the gap is affected by the system size and design and can be flexibly adjusted.

[0145] In some embodiments, a gap is formed between the moving magnetic part 7 and the center magnet 31, and the width of the gap may be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm. In some other examples, the minimum value of the width of the gap may be in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm. At this time, by limiting the gap between the moving magnetic part 7 and the center magnet 31, the speaker 30 can take into account engineering capabilities, have a higher product yield, and can also make the magnetic force generated by the moving magnetic part 7 larger.

[0146] In some embodiments of the present application, the speaker 30 can also change the structure of the gap 3d or add other magnetic components so that the moving magnetic part 7 can achieve near-zero stiffness centering (slightly positive stiffness or slightly negative stiffness) in a small amplitude close to the equilibrium position and achieve negative stiffness in medium and large amplitudes.

[0147] The following is an example.

[0148] Please refer to 9A to 10C , Fig. 9A yes Figure 1A The internal structure of the speaker 30 in some other embodiments is shown in FIG. Fig. 9B yes Figure 1A The internal structure of the speaker 30 in some other embodiments is shown in FIG. FIG. 10A to FIG. 10C yes Fig. 9A The loudspeaker 30 and Fig. 9B The positional relationship diagrams 1 to 3 of the central magnetic part 3a of the speaker 30 and the moving magnetic part 7 in some embodiments are shown. Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B The speaker 30 shown can include most of the technical features of the speaker 30 in the previous embodiment. The following mainly describes the difference between the two, and most of the same technical features of the two will not be repeated.

[0149] In some embodiments, the speaker 30 shapes the gap 3d by changing the shape of the central magnetic portion 3a to adjust the magnetic field distribution within the gap 3d, thereby adjusting the force condition of the moving magnetic component 7, so that the negative stiffness of the moving magnetic component 7 in the area near the equilibrium position is reduced and can be close to zero, or even form a positive micro-stiffness in the reverse direction. The above-mentioned area can be defined as a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0150] For example, Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B As shown, the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a may include a gap body 3e and a groove 3f. The gap body 3e extends in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, and the gap body 3e may be partially located at the central magnetic conductive member 33, partially located at the central magnet 31, and partially located at the lower magnetic conductive member 35. The moving magnetic member 7 is located in the gap body 3e. The groove 3f is located on the peripheral side of the gap body 3e and connected to the gap body 3e, and the groove 3f is arranged around the moving magnetic member 7. The groove 3f can be arranged in the central magnet 31.

[0151] Among them, Fig. 9A As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3f can be rectangular, such as Fig. 9B As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3f may also be a triangle. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3f may also be a trapezoid, a semicircle, a semi-ellipse or other regular or irregular shapes. The embodiment of the present application does not strictly limit the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3f.

[0152] The situation that the groove 3f surrounds the moving magnetic member 7 may include the situation that the groove 3f is distributed on two opposite sides of the moving magnetic member 7 to surround it, and the situation that the groove 3f is distributed on all four sides of the moving magnetic member 7 to surround it. Fig. 10AAs shown, the groove 3f includes a plurality of groove portions 3g, and the plurality of groove portions 3g are symmetrical structures. For example, the groove 3f includes two groove portions 3g, and the two groove portions 3g are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the gap body 3e, that is, on both sides of the moving magnetic member 7. The length of each groove portion 3g is not greater than the length of the corresponding side of the gap body 3e. Fig. 10B As shown, the groove 3f includes four groove portions 3g, and the four groove portions 3g are symmetrically arranged in pairs around the gap body 3e, that is, located around the moving magnetic member 7. Fig. 10C As shown, the groove 3f can also be a continuous annular groove, which is arranged around the gap body 3e and the moving magnetic member 7.

[0153] In this embodiment, the loudspeaker 30 shapes the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a so that the gap 3d includes a gap body 3e and a groove 3f, thereby forming a near-zero stiffness zone and negative stiffness zones on both sides of the near-zero stiffness zone in the gap 3d, so that when the moving magnetic part 7 is located in the near-zero stiffness zone, that is, in a small amplitude at and near the equilibrium position, zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness is achieved, which is conducive to centering and reducing the risk of instability. The risk of instability is the situation where the diaphragm 2 is sucked to one side in an abnormal state, such as the situation where the diaphragm 2 is sucked to one side during the assembly process, or the situation where the diaphragm 2 is displaced and sucked to one side under extreme drop impact. Among them, when the moving magnetic part 7 has a micro-positive stiffness in the near-zero stiffness zone, it can also play a role in supplementing the gravity of the vibration system to a certain extent. In addition, when the moving magnetic part 7 is located in the negative stiffness zone, it is still subject to negative stiffness force, which helps to improve the low-frequency performance of the loudspeaker 30.

[0154] See also FIG. 11A to FIG. 11D , FIG. 11A to FIG. 11D yes Fig. 9A The magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part 3a and the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 in some possible embodiments are shown. FIG. 11A to FIG. 11D In the figure, the lighter the color of a certain area in the gap 3d, the stronger the magnetic field.

[0155] Comparison FIG. 11A to FIG. 11D and FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D , it can be clearly seen Fig.11A and Fig.11D The magnetic field changes significantly near the groove 3f. Fig.11A and Fig. 11B The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig.11A As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig. 11B As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are different, but compared with Figure 7B The difference in Fig. 11B The difference was significantly reduced. Fig. 11B The force on the moving magnetic part 7 is compared with Figure 7B The force on the middle moving magnetic part 7 can be reduced to less than 1 / 6, which is close to 0. Fig. 11B The middle moving magnetic part 7 is in the near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter the region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, the negative stiffness region.

[0156] in, Fig. 11C and Fig.11D The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig. 11C As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig.11D As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are different, but compared with Fig.7D The difference in Fig.11D The difference was significantly reduced. Fig.11D The force on the moving magnetic part 7 is compared with Fig.7D The force on the middle moving magnetic part 7 can be reduced to less than 1 / 6, which is close to 0. Fig.11D The middle moving magnetic part 7 is in the near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter the region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, the negative stiffness region.

[0157] See also FIG. 12A to FIG. 12D , FIG. 12A to FIG. 12D yes Fig. 9B The magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part 3a and the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 in some possible embodiments are shown. FIG. 12A to FIG. 12D In the figure, the lighter the color of a certain area in the gap 3d, the stronger the magnetic field.

[0158] Comparison FIG. 12A to FIG. 12D and FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D , it can be clearly seen Fig. 12A and Fig.12D The magnetic field changes significantly near the groove 3f. Fig. 12A and Fig. 12B The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig. 12A As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig. 12B As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are different, but compared with Figure 7B The difference in Fig. 12B The difference was significantly reduced. Fig. 12B The force on the moving magnetic part 7 is compared with Figure 7B The force on the middle moving magnetic part 7 can be reduced to less than 1 / 6, which is close to 0. Fig. 12B The middle moving magnetic part 7 is in the near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter the region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, the negative stiffness region.

[0159] in, Fig. 12C and Fig.12D The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig. 12C As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig.12D As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are different, but compared with Fig.7D The difference in Fig.12D The difference was significantly reduced. Fig.12D The force on the moving magnetic part 7 is compared with Fig.7D The force on the middle moving magnetic part 7 can be reduced to less than 1 / 6, which is close to 0. Fig.12D The middle moving magnetic part 7 is in the near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter the region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, the negative stiffness region.

[0160] See also Fig.13 , Fig.13 yes Figure 5 The moving magnetic element 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG. Fig. 9A The moving magnetic element 7 and Fig. 9B The force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 is shown.

[0161] Fig.13 The middle horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the moving magnetic component 7, and the unit is micrometer (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force exerted on the moving magnetic component 7, and the unit is millinewton (mN). Fig.13 The connecting curve of the rhombus points is Figure 5 The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 is shown in FIG. Fig. 9A The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 is shown in FIG. Fig. 9B The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 is shown.

[0162] like Fig.13 As shown, Fig. 9A The loudspeaker 30 and Fig. 9B The loudspeaker 30 shown is compared to Figure 5In the loudspeaker 30 shown, the force applied to the moving magnetic component 7 in the small amplitude region (for example ≤±200um) is zero or nearly zero, and this region forms a near-zero stiffness region; in the large amplitude region, if the moving magnetic component 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates upward, the resultant force applied to it is an upward force, and if the moving magnetic component 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates downward, the resultant force applied to it is a downward force, and this region is a negative stiffness region.

[0163] Therefore, through FIG. 11A to FIG. 13 From the force analysis and simulated magnetic field of the moving magnetic component 7, it can be known that the speaker 30 places the moving magnetic component 7 in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a. The magnetic pole setting of the moving magnetic component 7 is consistent with the magnetic pole setting of the central magnetic part 3a, and the gap 3d is shaped to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone and a negative stiffness zone. When the moving magnetic component 7 vibrates with a small amplitude (corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone), it achieves zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness, which is beneficial to achieving the centering effect. When the moving magnetic component 7 vibrates with a large amplitude (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone), it achieves negative stiffness, thereby reducing the stiffness of the system, which is beneficial to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker 30 and making the low-frequency performance of the speaker 30 better.

[0164] Please refer to FIG. 14A to FIG. 14C , Fig.14A yes Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B The stiffness curve diagram of the system stiffness composition of the loudspeaker 30 in the working state is shown, Fig. 14B yes Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B The stiffness curve comparison diagram of the system stiffness of the loudspeaker 30 and the traditional loudspeaker in the working state is shown. Fig. 14C yes Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B The stiffness curve of the loudspeaker 30 in the non-operating state is shown.

[0165] exist FIG. 14A to FIG. 14C In the figure, the ordinate is stiffness, the unit is Newton / millimeter (N / mm); the abscissa is amplitude, the unit is millimeter (mm).

[0166] like Fig.14A As shown, Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B The system stiffness of the loudspeaker 30 in the working state may include the vibration system stiffness (corresponding to the connection curve of the diamond points), the air stiffness (corresponding to the connection curve of the square points) and the magnetic stiffness (corresponding to the connection curve of the triangle points). The magnetic stiffness is the adjustment stiffness brought by the moving magnetic part 7.

[0167] like Fig. 14B As shown, Fig. 9A and Fig. 9BThe system stiffness of the loudspeaker 30 shown (corresponding to the connecting curve of the square points) is compared with the system stiffness of the traditional loudspeaker (corresponding to the connecting curve of the diamond points). Due to the existence of magnetic stiffness, the stiffness of the system at large amplitude is greatly reduced, which is beneficial to improving the low-frequency performance.

[0168] like Fig. 14C As shown, Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B When the loudspeaker 30 shown is in a non-working state, the system stiffness is derived from the sum of the static stiffness of the vibration system (corresponding to the connecting curve of the diamond points) and the magnetic stiffness (corresponding to the connecting curve of the square points). At this time, since the static stiffness of the vibration system is positive stiffness and the magnetic stiffness is zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude, the total static stiffness of the system (corresponding to the connecting curve of the triangle points) is positive stiffness within a small amplitude and is in a stable state, thereby achieving the effect of small amplitude centering and avoiding instability.

[0169] Therefore, by FIG. 14A to FIG. 14C It can be seen that Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B Compared with the traditional speaker, the speaker 30 shown can achieve small amplitude centering and large amplitude magnetic negative stiffness by adding and designing the magnetic stiffness curve, which helps the speaker 30 to improve low-frequency sensitivity without causing static instability. It can be understood that Figure 5 The speaker 30 shown has Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B The similar stiffness curves of the loudspeaker 30 are mainly similar in the equilibrium position and the negative stiffness region. Therefore, the total static stiffness of the system is positive stiffness at the equilibrium position or near it, and the problem of static instability can also be avoided.

[0170] Please refer again Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B In the shaping process of the gap 3d, the position, area and depth of the near-zero stiffness zone can be adjusted by adjusting the position and size of the groove 3f, wherein the depth refers to the degree of proximity to zero magnetic force / stiffness.

[0171] Exemplarily, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, that is, in the thickness direction Z of the speaker, the height center of the groove 3f is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part 7. Among them, the height center of the groove 3f can usually correspond to the center position of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d. By designing the height center of the groove 3f to be flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part 7, that is, flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part 7 when it is in a balanced position, it is beneficial for the moving magnetic part 7 to achieve zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the center position of the near-zero stiffness zone can be fine-tuned by adjusting the height center of the groove 3f.

[0172] In some embodiments, the loudspeaker 30 is designed with a gap 3d so that the height range of the near-zero stiffness zone is ±H nz The unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is less than or equal to ±30%. In the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is (H0-T) / 2.

[0173] Exemplarily, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the height H of the groove 3f of the gap 3d, the thickness T of the moving magnetic part 7 and the height H0 of the central magnetic part 3a satisfy: 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5. In this embodiment, the height center of the groove 3f of the gap 3d is usually consistent with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part 7, and the height dimension of the groove 3f is within the range of ±H of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d. nz Positive correlation, by designing 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5, the gap 3d forms a near-zero stiffness zone within 30% of the amplitude of the moving magnetic part 7, so that the speaker 30 can better achieve the centering effect of the equilibrium position.

[0174] In some embodiments, the loudspeaker 30 is designed with a gap 3d so that the magnetic force on the moving magnetic part 7 in the near-zero stiffness region is very small, so as to better achieve zero stiffness. For example, the magnetic force on the moving magnetic part 7 in the zero stiffness region can be reduced to Figure 5 The magnetic force on the moving magnetic member 7 in the loudspeaker 30 (hereinafter referred to as the non-grooved solution) at the corresponding amplitude position is 0.2 times or less. Exemplarily, this can be achieved by designing the width of the groove 3f and the gap between the moving magnetic member 7 and the central magnetic part 3a. Generally, the smaller the gap between the moving magnetic member 7 and the central magnetic part 3a, the smaller the width of the groove 3f.

[0175] In this embodiment, the speaker 30 is configured to have a near zero stiffness zone within a range of ±H nz The unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic part 7 is less than or equal to ±30%, and the near-zero stiffness zone (assuming the equilibrium position is 0, -H nz ~H nz The force in the range of () satisfies the following conditions: abs(F2(-Hnz~Hnz))≤0.2*F1(Hnz). Among them, F2 corresponds to Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B The loudspeaker 30, F1 shown corresponds to Figure 5 The loudspeaker 30 is shown. At this time, the moving magnetic member 7 is basically not subjected to magnetic force or the magnetic force is very small in the near-zero stiffness area, so that it will not be subjected to a large magnetic force due to the height position tolerance, and the imbalance phenomenon can be avoided.

[0176] In some examples, the near-zero stiffness region can be designed to be 0.2 mm*2. Fig. 9AThe width and height of the rectangular groove of the speaker 30 shown can be about 0.45mm*0.4mm, which is in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 times of the near-zero stiffness zone, and the force condition of the moving magnetic part 7 can easily meet the above requirements; Fig. 9B The size of the triangular groove of the speaker 30 is about 0.45mm*0.45mm, which is also in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 times of the near-zero stiffness area. The force of the moving magnetic part 7 can easily meet the above requirements. FIG. 11A to FIG. 13 The relevant magnetic field and data can be obtained by simulating the above-mentioned speaker 30.

[0177] In the foregoing embodiments, the speaker 30 realizes the design of the near-zero stiffness zone and the negative stiffness zone by shaping the gap 3d. In other embodiments, the speaker 30 may also adopt the scheme of introducing other magnetic components to realize the design of the near-zero stiffness zone and the negative stiffness zone, which is described by examples below.

[0178] Please refer to Figures 15 to 16B , Fig.15 yes Figure 1A The internal structure diagram of the speaker 30 in other embodiments is shown. Fig.16A yes Fig.15 The schematic diagram of the structure of part of the speaker 30 is shown. Fig. 16B yes Fig.16A The exploded view of the structure shown. Fig.15 The speaker 30 shown can include most of the technical features of the speaker 30 in the previous embodiment. The following mainly describes the difference between the two, and most of the same technical features of the two will not be repeated.

[0179] In some embodiments, the speaker 30 further includes an adjustable magnetic member 9, which is located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a, and the adjustable magnetic member 9 surrounds the dynamic magnetic member 7 and is spaced apart from the dynamic magnetic member 7. Exemplarily, the speaker 30 may further include a bracket 40, which is located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a, and the adjustable magnetic member 9 is embedded in the bracket 40. In this embodiment, the adjustable magnetic member 9 is fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a through the bracket 40, which can increase the connection stability between the adjustable magnetic member 9 and the central magnetic portion 3a, prevent the adjustable magnetic member 9 from falling off, and improve the structural reliability of the speaker 30.

[0180] Exemplarily, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can be a continuous annular structure, and the adjusting magnetic member 9 surrounds the dynamic magnetic member 7. At this time, the bracket 40 can be provided with an annular groove 401, and the adjusting magnetic member 9 is installed in the annular groove 401 to be embedded in the bracket 40. In other embodiments, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can include multiple magnetic parts, and the multiple magnetic parts are symmetrical structures. The multiple magnetic parts can be two, four, etc., and the multiple magnetic parts are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides or around the dynamic magnetic member 7.

[0181] Among them, a concave-convex matching structure can be added between the bracket 40 and the adjustable magnetic part 9 to increase the connection stability between the two. Among them, the bracket 40 and the adjustable magnetic part 9 can be integrally formed by an in-mold injection molding process. In other embodiments, the bracket 40 and the adjustable magnetic part 9 can also be obtained by other processes, and the embodiments of the present application are not strictly limited to this.

[0182] Please refer to Fig.15 and Fig.17 , Fig.17 yes Fig.15 The structure of the central magnetic part 3a, the moving magnetic part 7 and the adjusting magnetic part 9 of the speaker 30 is shown in a simplified schematic diagram.

[0183] In some embodiments, the adjustment magnetic member 9 can be a soft magnet. Among them, the soft magnet is a magnetic material with low coercive force and high magnetic permeability, such as silicon steel or generally used cold-rolled carbon steel sheet and steel strip (SPCC). Soft magnets are easy to magnetize and easy to demagnetize. In this embodiment, the adjustment magnetic member 9 is located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, so the adjustment magnetic member 9 is magnetized by the magnetic field in the gap 3d, and the magnetic pole of the adjustment magnetic member 9 close to the end of the diaphragm 2 is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a close to the end of the diaphragm 2, and the magnetic pole of the adjustment magnetic member 9 away from the end of the diaphragm 2 is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a away from the end of the diaphragm 2. The adjustment magnetic member 9 generates a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field of the gap 3d near it, so the magnetic field in the gap 3d can be adjusted, reducing the gradient distribution of the original magnetic field, thereby realizing the expansion and adjustability of the balance zone of the moving magnetic member 7 to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0184] In other embodiments, the adjusting magnetic part 9 can be a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is made of permanent magnetic material, also known as "hard magnetic material", which refers to a material that can maintain constant magnetism once magnetized, such as neodymium iron boron or ferrite. The magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic part 9 close to the diaphragm 2 is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a close to the diaphragm 2, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic part 9 away from the diaphragm 2 is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a away from the diaphragm 2. At this time, the adjusting magnetic part 9 can also generate a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field of the gap 3d in its vicinity, so the magnetic field in the gap 3d can be adjusted, thereby realizing the expansion and adjustability of the balance zone of the moving magnetic part 7 to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0185] In this embodiment, the speaker 30 is able to adjust the magnetic field of the gap 3d by adding an adjustable magnetic component 9, and making the polarity direction of the adjustable magnetic component 9 opposite to the polarity direction of the central magnetic portion 3a, so as to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone, so that the dynamic magnetic component 7 can achieve near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude range corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone to achieve centering.

[0186] Please refer to 18A to 20D , 18A to 18Dyes Fig.15 The magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part 3a of the loudspeaker 30 and the moving magnetic part 7 in the embodiment without the adjustment magnetic part 9 are shown. FIG. 19A to FIG. 19D yes Fig.15 The magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part 3a of the loudspeaker 30 and the moving magnetic part 7 in the embodiment where the adjusting magnetic part 9 is a soft magnetic body are shown. FIG. 20A to FIG. 20D yes Fig.15 The magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic part 3a of the loudspeaker 30 and the moving magnetic part 7 in the embodiment where the adjusting magnetic part 9 is a permanent magnet are shown. 18A to 20D In the figure, the lighter the color of a certain area in the gap 3d, the stronger the magnetic field.

[0187] in, Fig.18A and Fig.18B The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig.18A As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig.18B As shown, when the moving magnetic component 7 is above the equilibrium position, a difference is formed between the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic component 7, and the moving magnetic component 7 is subjected to an upward resultant force, which is opposite to the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0188] Fig. 18C and Fig.18D At the same time, the magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a and the moving magnetic part 7 at the gap 3d is presented. Fig. 18C As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig.18D As shown, when the moving magnetic component 7 is above the equilibrium position, a difference is formed between the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic component 7, and the moving magnetic component 7 is subjected to an upward resultant force, which is opposite to the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0189] Among them, in the solution where the speaker 30 is provided with a moving magnetic part 7, and the moving magnetic part 7 is a soft magnetic body: FIG. 19A to FIG. 19D and 18A to 18D , it can be clearly seen FIG. 19A to FIG. 19D The magnetic field changes significantly near the groove 3f. Fig.19A and Fig.19B The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig.19A As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig.19BAs shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are different, but compared with Fig.18B The difference in Fig.19B The difference was significantly reduced. Fig.19B The force on the moving magnetic part 7 is compared with Figure 7B The force on the middle moving magnetic part 7 can be reduced to nearly zero. Fig.19B The middle moving magnetic part 7 is in the near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter the region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, the negative stiffness region.

[0190] Fig.19C and Fig.19D The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig.19C As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig.19D As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are different, but compared with Fig.18D The difference in Fig.19D The difference was significantly reduced. Fig.19D The force on the moving magnetic part 7 is compared with Fig.7D The force on the middle moving magnetic part 7 can be reduced to nearly zero. Fig.19D The middle moving magnetic part 7 is in the near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter the region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, the negative stiffness region.

[0191] Similarly, in the case where the speaker 30 is provided with a moving magnetic member 7, and the moving magnetic member 7 is a permanent magnet: FIG. 20A to FIG. 20D and 18A to 18D , it can be clearly seen FIG. 20A to FIG. 20D The magnetic field changes significantly near the groove 3f. Fig. 20A and Fig. 20B The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig. 20A As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig. 20B As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are different, but compared with Fig.18B The difference in Fig. 20B The difference was significantly reduced. Fig. 20B The force on the moving magnetic part 7 is compared with Figure 7B The force on the middle moving magnetic part 7 can be reduced to nearly zero. Fig. 20BThe middle moving magnetic part 7 is in the near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter the region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, the negative stiffness region.

[0192] Fig. 20C and Fig.20D The magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d is mainly presented. Fig. 20C As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. Fig.20D As shown in FIG. 1 , when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are different, but compared with Fig.18D The difference in Fig.20D The difference was significantly reduced. Fig.20D The force on the moving magnetic part 7 is compared with Fig.7D The force on the middle moving magnetic part 7 can be reduced to nearly zero. Fig.20D The middle moving magnetic part 7 is in the near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter the region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, the negative stiffness region.

[0193] See also Fig.21 , Fig.21 yes Fig.15 The force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in the figure is a diagram of a solution in which the adjusting magnetic member 9 is not provided and a solution in which the adjusting magnetic member 9 made of a soft magnet is provided.

[0194] Fig.21 The middle horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the moving magnetic component 7, and the unit is micrometer (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force exerted on the moving magnetic component 7, and the unit is millinewton (mN). Fig.21 The curve connecting the points of the triangle is Fig.15 The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in the figure in the scheme where the adjusting magnetic part 9 is not provided, the connecting line curve of the diamond points and the connecting line curve of the square points are both Fig.15 The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in the scheme in which an adjustable magnetic part 9 made of soft magnet is provided, wherein the connecting curve of the diamond points corresponds to a height and width of the adjustable magnetic part 9 of approximately 0.25mm*0.35mm, and the connecting curve of the square points corresponds to a height and width of the adjustable magnetic part 9 of approximately 0.25mm*0.4mm.

[0195] like Fig.21 As shown, in Fig.15In the scheme in which the loudspeaker 30 shown is provided with an adjustable magnetic member 9 made of a soft magnet, the force received by the moving magnetic member 7 in the small amplitude region (e.g., ≤±200um) is zero or nearly zero, and this region forms a near-zero stiffness region; in the large amplitude region, if the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates upward, the resultant force received is an upward force, and if the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates downward, the resultant force received is a downward force, and this region is a negative stiffness region. Among them, in the scheme of the connecting curve of the diamond points, the near-zero stiffness region is a slightly negative stiffness, and in the scheme of the connecting curve of the square points, the near-zero stiffness region is a slightly positive stiffness, that is, by adjusting the size of the moving magnetic member 7, the stiffness in the near-zero stiffness region can be adjusted.

[0196] See also Fig. 22 , Fig. 22 yes Fig.15 The force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown is a diagram of a solution in which the adjusting magnetic part 9 is not provided and the adjusting magnetic part 9 using a permanent magnet is provided.

[0197] Fig. 22 The middle horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the moving magnetic component 7, and the unit is micrometer (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force exerted on the moving magnetic component 7, and the unit is millinewton (mN). Fig. 22 The curve connecting the points of the triangle is Fig.15 The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in the figure in the scheme where the adjusting magnetic part 9 is not provided, the connecting line curve of the diamond points and the connecting line curve of the square points are both Fig.15 The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the speaker 30 shown in the scheme in which an adjustable magnetic part 9 using a permanent magnet is provided, wherein the connecting curve of the diamond points corresponds to a height and width of the adjustable magnetic part 9 of approximately 0.25mm*0.35mm, and the connecting curve of the square points corresponds to a height and width of the adjustable magnetic part 9 of approximately 0.25mm*0.4mm.

[0198] like Fig. 22 As shown, in Fig.15 In the scheme in which the loudspeaker 30 shown is provided with an adjustable magnetic part 9 using a permanent magnet, the force applied to the moving magnetic part 7 in a small amplitude region (for example ≤±200um) is zero or nearly zero, and this region forms a nearly zero stiffness region; in a large amplitude region, if the moving magnetic part 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates upward, the resultant force applied to it is an upward force, and if the moving magnetic part 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates downward, the resultant force applied to it is a downward force, and this region is a negative stiffness region.

[0199] Therefore, through FIG. 18A to FIG. 22From the simulated magnetic field and force analysis of the moving magnetic part 7, it can be known that the loudspeaker 30 places the moving magnetic part 7 in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, and the magnetic pole setting of the moving magnetic part 7 is consistent with the magnetic pole setting of the central magnetic part 3a. By setting an adjusting magnetic part 9 in the gap 3d, the magnetic field of the gap 3d is adjusted by the adjusting magnetic part 9 to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone and a negative stiffness zone, so that the moving magnetic part 7 achieves zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness when vibrating with a small amplitude (corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone), which is beneficial to achieving the centering effect. When the moving magnetic part 7 vibrates with a large amplitude (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone), it achieves negative stiffness, thereby reducing the stiffness of the system, which is beneficial to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the loudspeaker 30 and making the low-frequency performance of the loudspeaker 30 better.

[0200] Please refer again Fig.15 and Fig.17 In some embodiments, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the height center of the adjustment magnetic component 9 is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component 7. The height center of the adjustment magnetic component 9 can usually correspond to the center position of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d. By designing the height center of the adjustment magnetic component 9 to be flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component 7, that is, flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component 7 when it is in a balanced position, it is beneficial for the moving magnetic component 7 to achieve zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the center position of the near-zero stiffness zone can be fine-tuned by adjusting the height center of the adjustment magnetic component 9.

[0201] In some embodiments, the loudspeaker 30 can adjust the size of the magnetic member 9 by design so that the height range of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d is ±H nz The unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is less than or equal to ±30%. In the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is (H0-T) / 2.

[0202] Exemplarily, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2 , the height H′ of the magnetic member 9 , the thickness T of the moving magnetic member 7 , and the height H0 of the central magnetic portion 3 a are adjusted to satisfy: 0.5≤H′ / (0.3*(H0−T))≤1.5.

[0203] In this embodiment, the height center of the magnetic member 9 is usually adjusted to be consistent with the geometric center of the moving magnetic member 7, and the height dimension of the magnetic member 9 is adjusted to be within the range of ±H of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d. nz Positive correlation, by designing 0.5≤H' / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5, the gap 3d forms a near-zero stiffness area within 30% of the amplitude of the moving magnetic part 7, so that the speaker 30 can better achieve the centering effect of the equilibrium position.

[0204] It is understandable that the loudspeaker 30 can also adjust the width of the magnetic component 9 and the gap between the magnetic component 9 and the moving magnetic component 7 by design, so as to achieve depth adjustment of the near-zero stiffness zone.

[0205] Please refer to Figures 23 to 24B , Fig.23 yes Figure 1A The internal structure diagram of the speaker 30 in other embodiments is shown. Fig.24A yes Fig.23 The schematic diagram of the structure of part of the speaker 30 is shown. Fig. 24B yes Fig.24A The exploded view of the structure shown. Fig.23 The speaker 30 shown can include most of the technical features of the speaker 30 in the previous embodiment. The following mainly describes the difference between the two, and most of the same technical features of the two will not be repeated.

[0206] In some embodiments, the speaker 30 further includes an adjustable magnetic member 9, two matching magnetic members 50 and a bracket 40. The adjustable magnetic member 9 is located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a. The adjustable magnetic member 9 surrounds the dynamic magnetic member 7 and is spaced apart from the dynamic magnetic member 7. The two matching magnetic members 50 are both located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a. The two matching magnetic members 50 are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjustable magnetic member 9 and are spaced apart from the adjustable magnetic member 9. The bracket 40 is located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a. The adjustable magnetic member 9 and the two matching magnetic members 50 can be fixed to the bracket 40, for example, can be embedded in the bracket 40.

[0207] In this embodiment, the adjusting magnetic component 9 and the two matching magnetic components 50 are fixedly connected to the central magnetic part 3a through the bracket 40, which can increase the connection stability between the adjusting magnetic component 9 and the two matching magnetic components 50 and the central magnetic part 3a, prevent the adjusting magnetic component 9 and the two matching magnetic components 50 from falling off, and improve the structural reliability of the speaker 30.

[0208] The design scheme for adjusting the magnetic member 9 can refer to Fig.15 The relevant contents of the loudspeaker 30 are not described in detail below.

[0209] Exemplarily, the matching magnetic member 50 can be a continuous annular structure. In this case, the bracket 40 can be provided with an annular groove 402, and the adjusting magnetic member 9 is installed in the annular groove 402 to be embedded in the bracket 40. In other embodiments, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can include multiple magnetic parts, and the multiple magnetic parts are symmetrical structures. The multiple magnetic parts can be two, four, etc. In some examples, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can be embedded in the middle of the bracket 40, and the two matching magnetic members 50 can be embedded in the top and bottom of the bracket 40 respectively.

[0210] Among them, a concave-convex matching structure can be added between the bracket 40 and the matching magnetic part 50 to increase the connection stability between the two. Among them, the bracket 40 and the matching magnetic part 50 can be integrally formed by an in-mold injection molding process. In other embodiments, the bracket 40 and the matching magnetic part 50 can also be obtained by other processes, and the embodiments of the present application are not strictly limited to this.

[0211] Please refer to Fig.23 and Fig.25 , Fig.25 yes Fig.23 The structure of the central magnetic part 3a, the moving magnetic part 7, the adjusting magnetic part 9 and the matching magnetic part 50 of the speaker 30 is shown in a simplified schematic diagram.

[0212] In some embodiments, the matching magnetic member 50 can be a soft magnet. Among them, the soft magnet adopts a magnetic material with low coercive force and high magnetic permeability. Soft magnets are easy to magnetize and easy to demagnetize. In this embodiment, two matching magnetic members 50 are located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, and are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjustment magnetic member 9, so the matching magnetic member 50 is magnetized by the magnetic field in the gap 3d, and the magnetic pole of the matching magnetic member 50 close to the end of the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a close to the end of the diaphragm 2, and the magnetic pole of the matching magnetic member 50 away from the end of the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a away from the end of the diaphragm 2, and the polarization direction of the matching magnetic member 50 is the same as the polarization direction of the central magnetic part 3a, and the matching magnetic member 50 generates a magnetic field in the vicinity of the gap 3d that is the same as the magnetic field, so the magnetic field in the gap 3d can be adjusted, so as to achieve the growth rate adjustment of the magnetic force / stiffness curve of medium and high amplitude (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone of the gap 3d).

[0213] In other embodiments, the matching magnetic part 50 is a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is made of permanent magnetic material, also known as "hard magnetic material", which refers to a material that can maintain constant magnetism once magnetized. The magnetic pole of the matching magnetic part 50 close to the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a close to the diaphragm 2, the magnetic pole of the matching magnetic part 50 away from the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a away from the diaphragm 2, and the polarization direction of the matching magnetic part 50 is the same as the polarization direction of the central magnetic part 3a. At this time, the matching magnetic part 50 can also generate a magnetic field in its vicinity that is the same as the magnetic field of the gap 3d, so the magnetic field in the gap 3d can be adjusted, thereby achieving the growth rate adjustment of the magnetic force / stiffness curve of medium and high amplitudes (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone of the gap 3d).

[0214] In this embodiment, the speaker 30 is able to adjust the magnetic field of the gap 3d by adding a matching magnetic part 50 and making the polarity direction of the matching magnetic part 50 opposite to the polarity direction of the central magnetic part 3a, so as to adjust the growth rate of the magnetic force / stiffness curve in the negative stiffness zone.

[0215] See also Fig.26 , Fig.26 yes Fig.23 The force curve diagram of the moving magnetic part 7 of the speaker 30 shown in the scheme without the matching magnetic part 50 and with the matching magnetic part 50.

[0216] Fig.26 The middle horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the moving magnetic component 7, and the unit is micrometer (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force exerted on the moving magnetic component 7, and the unit is millinewton (mN). Fig.26 The connecting curve of the rhombus points is Fig.23 The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in the figure is provided with the adjusting magnetic part 9 and without the matching magnetic part 50. The curve connecting the square points is Fig.23 The force curve of the moving magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in the scheme of setting the adjusting magnetic part 9 and the matching magnetic part 50.

[0217] like Fig.26 As shown, in the scheme where the speaker 30 is provided with a matching magnetic part 50 and the scheme where the matching magnetic part 50 is not provided, the force condition of the dynamic magnetic part 7 remains basically unchanged in the near-zero stiffness zone, while the slope adjustment of the magnetic force of the corresponding height is achieved in the vicinity of the matching magnetic part 50 (this position corresponds to the negative stiffness zone), for example, the magnetic force increases faster in the range of 0.2mm to 0.5mm.

[0218] In the above embodiments, the moving magnetic component 7 includes a permanent magnet as an example for illustration. In other embodiments, the moving magnetic component 7 may also be a combined structural component, which is described below with examples.

[0219] See also Fig. 27 , Fig. 27 yes Figure 1A The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker 30 in some other embodiments is shown. Fig. 27 The speaker 30 shown can include most of the technical features of the speaker 30 in the previous embodiment. The following mainly describes the difference between the two, and most of the same technical features of the two will not be repeated.

[0220] In some embodiments, the moving magnetic component 7 may include at least two magnetic components 71. For example, the moving magnetic component 7 may include at least two permanent magnets, the magnetic pole settings of the at least two permanent magnets may be the same or different, and the shapes and sizes of the at least two permanent magnets may be the same or different. Alternatively, the moving magnetic component 7 may include at least one permanent magnet and at least one soft magnet. Among them, at least two magnetic components 71 may be stacked in the height direction of the speaker 30. Alternatively, at least two magnetic components 71 may also be stacked in other directions, or there may be multiple stacking directions or structures, which is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0221] In this embodiment, the loudspeaker 30 can adjust the magnetic force or stiffness curve by designing the organizational topology of the moving magnetic component 7 itself.

[0222] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of the present application. In other words, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0223] It should be noted that all the above drawings are illustrative illustrations of the present application and do not represent the actual size of the product. Moreover, the size ratio relationship between the components in the drawings is not intended to limit the actual product of the present application.

[0224] The above are only some embodiments and implementation methods of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical scope disclosed in the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized in that: It comprises a shell, a magnetic circuit assembly, a diaphragm and a voice coil, wherein the magnetic circuit assembly is fixedly connected to the shell, the magnetic circuit assembly comprises a side magnetic part and a central magnetic part located inside the side magnetic part, a magnetic gap is formed between the central magnetic part and the side magnetic part, the diaphragm is fixedly connected to the shell, the diaphragm and the magnetic circuit assembly are arranged opposite to each other, one end of the voice coil is fixedly connected to the diaphragm, and the other end of the voice coil is located in the magnetic gap; Wherein, the central magnetic part is provided with a gap, and the gap is spaced apart from the magnetic gap; The speaker also includes a moving magnetic component and a connecting component. The moving magnetic component is located in the gap and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm through the connecting component. The magnetic pole of the moving magnetic component close to one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to one end of the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic component away from one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The magnetic circuit component has a bottom surface arranged opposite to the diaphragm, the gap forms a first projection on the bottom surface, the moving magnetic component forms a second projection on the bottom surface, and the second projection is located in the middle of the first projection.

3. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the geometric center of the moving magnetic member is flush with the height center of the central magnetic portion.

4. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The void includes a void body and a groove; The gap body extends in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, and the moving magnetic component is located in the gap body; The groove is located on the peripheral side of the gap body and is connected to the gap body. The groove is arranged around the moving magnetic part.

5. The loudspeaker according to claim 4, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the height center of the groove is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component, and the height H of the groove, the thickness T of the moving magnetic component and the height H0 of the central magnetic part satisfy: 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.

5.

6. The loudspeaker according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The groove is a continuous annular groove; or, the groove includes a plurality of groove portions, and the plurality of groove portions are symmetrical structures.

7. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that The cross-sectional shape of the groove is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, semicircular or semi-elliptical.

8. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The speaker further comprises an adjusting magnetic member, the adjusting magnetic member is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, the adjusting magnetic member surrounds the moving magnetic member and is spaced apart from the moving magnetic member; The adjusting magnetic component is a soft magnet; or, the adjusting magnetic component is a permanent magnet, the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic component close to one end of the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to one end of the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic component away from one end of the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

9. The loudspeaker according to claim 8, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the height center of the adjusting magnetic component is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component, and the height H' of the adjusting magnetic component, the thickness T of the moving magnetic component and the height H0 of the central magnetic part satisfy: 0.5≤H' / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.

5.

10. The loudspeaker according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The adjusting magnetic member is a continuous annular structure; or, the adjusting magnetic member includes a plurality of magnetic parts, and the plurality of magnetic parts are symmetrical structures.

11. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The speaker also includes a bracket, which is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, and the adjusting magnetic part is embedded in the bracket.

12. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that The speaker further comprises two matching magnetic parts, both of which are located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, and the two matching magnetic parts are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjusting magnetic part and are spaced apart from the adjusting magnetic part; The mating magnetic part is a soft magnet; or, the mating magnetic part is a permanent magnet, the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic part close to one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to one end of the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic part away from one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

13. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The magnetic circuit assembly includes a central magnet, a side magnet, a central magnetic conductive member, a side magnetic conductive member and a lower magnetic conductive member, wherein the side magnet surrounds the central magnet and is spaced apart from the central magnet, the central magnetic conductive member is fixed to a side of the central magnet facing the diaphragm, the side magnetic conductive member is fixed to a side of the side magnet facing the diaphragm and is spaced apart from the central magnetic conductive member, and the lower magnetic conductive member includes a first part and a second part surrounding the first part, the first part is fixed to a side of the central magnet facing away from the central magnetic conductive member, and the second part is fixed to a side of the side magnet facing away from the side magnetic conductive member; The central magnetic part includes the central magnet, the central magnetic conductive member and the first part, and the edge magnetic part includes the edge magnet, the edge magnetic conductive member and the second part; the gap runs through the central magnetic conductive member, the central magnet and the first part.

14. The loudspeaker according to claim 13, characterized in that The central magnet has a width W0 and a length L0, and the gap has a width W and a length L, satisfying: W*L≤W0*L0 / 9; or, W0 / L0=W / L, and W≤W0 / 3, L≤L0 / 3.

15. The loudspeaker according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: A gap is formed between the moving magnetic part and the central magnet, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm.

16. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that The moving magnetic part includes a permanent magnet, or includes at least two permanent magnets, or includes at least one permanent magnet and at least one soft magnet.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing and the speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the speaker is mounted on the housing.

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