Neutron target, heat dissipation mode regulation and control method and neutron source system

Abstract

The invention discloses a neutron target, a heat dissipation mode regulation and control method and a neutron source system, the neutron target comprises a target body, a jet plate is fixed on one side of the target body, and a pressure cavity is arranged on one side, far away from the target body, of the jet plate and is used for accommodating a cooling medium; one side, close to the target body, of the jet plate is provided with a porous array corresponding to the pressure cavity, the porous array comprises a plurality of open pores arranged in an array, and each open pore is communicated with the pressure cavity; the cavity wall, opposite to the jet flow plate, of the pressure cavity is rotationally connected with an adjusting assembly, and the adjusting assembly abuts against the jet flow plate and is used for blocking part of the open holes. The technical problem that the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is difficult to adjust according to different heat distribution types on the neutron target in the prior art can be solved, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target can be adjusted through the adjusting assembly, and the neutron target is suitable for common heat distribution types on various target bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of neutron physics, and in particular to a neutron target and a heat dissipation mode control method, and a neutron source system. Background Art

[0002] In the field of neutron targets, neutron targets mainly use beams (such as deuterium beams, etc.) to bombard target pieces, thereby generating nuclear reactions to produce the required neutrons, which are then used in the fields of detection, imaging, and medical treatment. However, a large amount of heat is generated when the target piece undergoes a nuclear reaction. In order to ensure the safe operation of the neutron target at high power, the target needs to be continuously and efficiently dissipated.

[0003] In the prior art, the heat dissipation method for the neutron target is to use cooling water to perform indiscriminate cooling on the side of the neutron target away from the beam.

[0004] However, in the process of high-energy beam bombarding the neutron target, beam spots with different distribution types will be generated on the neutron target according to the different properties of the beam itself, such as uniform distribution, Gaussian distribution, saddle distribution, etc.; different types of beam spot distributions will also cause different types of heat distribution on the neutron target, that is, since the local area of ​​the neutron target will have a higher heat flux density corresponding to the beam spot type, a large amount of heat may accumulate, resulting in a higher heat value in the corresponding local area, and a relatively low heat value in the rest of the area.

[0005] Then, when the above-mentioned technical means in the prior art are used to dissipate the heat of the neutron target, if the flow rate of cooling water is small, technical problems such as temperature exceeding the limit and thermal stress exceeding the limit may occur in areas with local high calorific value, which may affect the service life of the neutron target. If a large amount of cooling water is used, it may affect the quality of the neutron beam produced by the neutron target, making it difficult to produce high-quality neutrons.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the heat dissipation structure of the neutron target so that the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target can be adjusted during the use of the neutron target, so that it can be adjusted to be suitable for the heat distribution of various beam spot types, thereby avoiding technical problems such as local temperature exceeding the limit and thermal stress exceeding the limit of the neutron target, which affects the service life of the neutron target. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a neutron target and a heat dissipation mode control method and a neutron source system to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to adjust the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target according to different heat distribution types on the neutron target.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] On the one hand, a neutron target is provided, comprising a target body, a jet plate is fixed to one side of the target body, and a pressure chamber is provided on a side of the jet plate away from the target body for accommodating a cooling medium;

[0010] The jet plate is provided with a multi-hole array on one side close to the target body and corresponding to the pressure chamber, wherein the multi-hole array includes a plurality of openings arranged in an array, and each of the openings is respectively connected to the pressure chamber;

[0011] An adjustment component is rotatably connected to the cavity wall of the pressure cavity opposite to the jet plate, and the adjustment component abuts against the jet plate to block a part of the openings.

[0012] In this solution, when the adjustment component is rotated, the adjustment component can block or not block a part of the openings. When the adjustment component does not block a part of the openings, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for a Gaussian distribution or a saddle distribution heat distribution type. When the adjustment component blocks a part of the openings, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for a uniformly distributed heat distribution type.

[0013] This solution can solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to adjust the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target according to different heat distribution types on the neutron target.

[0014] Further, the adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft and a baffle assembly, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the cavity wall of the pressure cavity opposite to the jet plate;

[0015] One end of the rotating shaft extends out from the pressure chamber, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the baffle assembly. When the rotating shaft rotates, it can drive the baffle assembly to rotate synchronously;

[0016] The baffle assembly is in contact with the jet plate, and an extension direction of the baffle assembly is parallel to an extension direction of the jet plate. The baffle assembly includes a plurality of baffles arranged in a preset manner, and each of the baffles is used to block a corresponding opening on the jet plate.

[0017] A rotating shaft and a baffle assembly fixedly connected thereto are provided, and the position of the baffle assembly can be conveniently adjusted by operating one end of the rotating shaft extending from the pressure chamber. Specifically, when the rotating shaft is rotated, each baffle can block or not block the corresponding opening. When each baffle does not block the corresponding opening, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for a heat distribution type of Gaussian distribution or saddle distribution. When each baffle blocks the corresponding opening, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for a heat distribution type of uniform distribution.

[0018] Furthermore, the porous array includes a plurality of second openings, and correspondingly, the baffle assembly includes a plurality of second baffles, each of which is used to block a portion of the second openings, and the hole density of the second openings decreases from the center to the edge of the porous array.

[0019] Specifically, the position of the second opening corresponds to a heat distribution area of ​​a Gaussian distribution type, that is, the hole density is higher near the center position, and the high-density heat distribution area at the center position of the target body is cooled with relatively dense and high flow rate, and the relatively low-density heat distribution area at the outer edge is cooled with relatively sparse rate, so as to solve the problem of local heat excess or thermal stress excess on the target body caused by insufficient flow of cooling medium delivered to the local high heat density distribution area on the target body.

[0020] Furthermore, the porous array further comprises a plurality of first openings, the diameter of the first openings being greater than the diameter of the second openings, and correspondingly, the baffle assembly comprises a plurality of first baffles, each of the first baffles being used to block each of the first openings;

[0021] The first openings are arranged on the jet plate as a first circular array, and the second openings are arranged on the jet plate as a plurality of second circular arrays, the first circular array and the second circular arrays are arranged concentrically, and the following conditions are met: min <D1<d max , where D1 is the array diameter of the first circular array, d min is the minimum value of the array diameter of each of the second circular arrays, d max is the maximum value of the array diameter of each of the second circular arrays.

[0022] Specifically, the position of the first opening corresponds to the high heat density distribution area of ​​the saddle distribution type, which can solve the technical problem in the aforementioned embodiment that the second openings suitable for Gaussian distribution do not have openings in the high heat density distribution area corresponding to the saddle distribution, and when the heat distribution type on the target body is a saddle distribution, it is difficult to specifically dissipate heat in the high heat density distribution area of ​​the saddle distribution type.

[0023] Furthermore, a central opening is provided at the center of the porous array, and a diameter of the central opening is larger than a diameter of the second opening; correspondingly, a flow channel is provided on the rotating shaft, an inlet of the flow channel is provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and an outlet of the flow channel is connected to the central opening.

[0024] Specifically, the central opening is arranged corresponding to the center of the target body, and the cooling medium can pass through the flow channel into the central opening and then flow to the center position of the target body to cool the center position of the target body. It is generally applicable to the heat dissipation of the center position of various heat distribution types, including but not limited to Gaussian distribution, saddle distribution, uniform distribution, etc.

[0025] This solution can solve the technical problem that the center position of the target body is blocked by the rotating shaft and it is difficult to introduce cooling medium into the target body, which may cause excessive heat or thermal stress at the center position of the target body.

[0026] Furthermore, the hole density of the second openings on each of the second circumferential arrays satisfies the relationship: σ i ≥σ j , where σ i is the hole density of the second openings on the i-th second circular array, σ j is the hole density of the second openings on the jth second circular array, i,j is the serial number sorted outward from the center of each second circular array, i≤j, i,j∈{1,2,3...n}, n is the total number of the second circular arrays.

[0027] Specifically, the hole density of each second opening is set to correspond to the heat distribution type of Gaussian distribution. The high heat density area has a higher hole density, and the flow rate of the transported cooling medium is relatively high. The relatively edge low heat density area has a lower hole density, and the flow rate of the transported cooling medium is relatively low, so as to achieve targeted heat dissipation.

[0028] Furthermore, one end of the rotating shaft extending from the pressure chamber is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate by external force;

[0029] In addition, one end of the rotating shaft extending from the pressure chamber has a position mark for indicating the position of the baffle assembly;

[0030] When the position mark is at the first position, the baffle assembly is located at the gap position of the porous array, and the openings in the porous array are all in a connected state;

[0031] When the position mark is located at the second position, each of the first openings is blocked, and at the same time, a part of the second openings are blocked, and the remaining unblocked second openings are evenly distributed on the jet plate.

[0032] Specifically, when the position mark is located at the first position, the baffle assembly is located at the gap position of the porous array, and the openings in the porous array are all in a connected state. At this time, the heat dissipation mode of the target body is suitable for the Gaussian distribution heat distribution type and the saddle distribution heat distribution type; the reason is that the setting position of each first opening corresponds to the saddle distribution heat distribution type, and can carry out targeted large-flow delivery of heat dissipation medium to the high heat density area. The hole density setting of each second opening corresponds to the Gaussian distribution heat distribution type. For the high heat density area, it has a higher hole density, and the flow rate of the cooling medium delivered is relatively high. For the relatively low heat density area at the edge, it has a lower hole density, and the flow rate of the cooling medium delivered is relatively low, so as to achieve targeted heat dissipation.

[0033] When the position mark is located at the second position, each of the first openings is blocked, and at the same time, a part of the second openings are blocked. At this time, the heat dissipation mode of the target body is suitable for a uniformly distributed beam spot type.

[0034] On the other hand, a method for controlling the heat dissipation mode of a neutron target is provided, using the neutron target as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Monitor the heat distribution of the target body;

[0036] S2. Match the heat distribution type according to the heat distribution situation;

[0037] S3, judging whether the shaft needs to be rotated according to the heat distribution type, and if so, jumping to step S4;

[0038] S4, controlling the rotating shaft to rotate so that the baffle assembly rotates to a corresponding gear position.

[0039] Furthermore, one end of the rotating shaft extending from the pressure chamber is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor, and a control system is also provided;

[0040] In step S1, the control system can obtain heat distribution data of the target body;

[0041] In step S2, the control system can match the heat distribution type according to the acquired heat distribution data of the target body;

[0042] In step S3, the control system determines whether the shaft needs to rotate;

[0043] In step S4, the control system sends a rotation instruction to the rotating motor, so that the rotating motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate to the corresponding gear position.

[0044] In yet another aspect, a neutron source system is provided for generating one of a neutron beam, a continuous neutron flux and a pulsed neutron flux, characterized in that it comprises the neutron target as described in the other aspect.

[0045] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention arranges a rotatable adjustment component in the pressure chamber to adjust the opening and closing of each opening in the porous array, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to adjust the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target according to different heat distribution types on the neutron target, and can achieve a heat dissipation mode suitable for various heat distribution types appearing on the target body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0047] Figure 1 It is a front view of a neutron target according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a side view of a neutron target according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Middle AA section view.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a front view of the neutron target structure without the pressure chamber according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 The figure is a side view of the neutron target structure without the pressure chamber according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Middle BB cross-section.

[0053] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a multi-hole array on a jet plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure of the middle C area.

[0055] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the porous array on the jet plate and the baffle assembly after rotation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Fig.10 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure of the middle D area.

[0057] Explanation of the reference numerals: 100, target body; 101, protrusion; 102, second sealing ring; 200, jet plate; 201, porous array; 202, first opening; 203, second opening; 204, central opening; 205, first circumferential array; 206, second circumferential array; 207, medium outlet; 300, pressure chamber; 301, medium inlet; 400, adjustment assembly; 401, rotating shaft; 402, baffle assembly; 403, first baffle; 404, second baffle; 405, flow channel; 406, position mark; 407, first sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0059] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the invention product is usually placed when used, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", etc. do not mean that the components are absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] The present invention can be applied to the field of neutron physics, including but not limited to the field of accelerators, the field of BNCT, etc., and solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to adjust the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target according to different heat distribution types on the neutron target. The present invention improves the heat dissipation structure of the neutron target so that the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target can be adjusted during the use of the neutron target, so that it can be adjusted to be applicable to the heat distribution types on the neutron target caused by various beam spot types, thereby avoiding the technical problems of local temperature exceeding the limit and thermal stress exceeding the limit of the neutron target, which affects the service life of the neutron target.

[0061] In order to further illustrate the neutron target structure and the heat dissipation control method of the present invention, the present invention discloses the following application examples.

[0062] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The present embodiment provides a neutron target, including a target body 100, a jet plate 200 is fixed on one side of the target body 100, and a pressure chamber 300 is arranged on the side of the jet plate 200 away from the target body 100, for accommodating a cooling medium; a porous array 201 is arranged on the side of the jet plate 200 close to the target body 100 and corresponding to the pressure chamber 300, and the porous array 201 includes a plurality of openings arranged in an array, and each of the openings is respectively connected to the pressure chamber 300; an adjustment component 400 is rotatably connected to the cavity wall of the pressure chamber 300 opposite to the jet plate 200, and the adjustment component 400 abuts against the jet plate 200 to block a part of the openings. In this solution, when the adjustment component 400 is rotated, the adjustment component 400 can block or not block a part of the openings. When the adjustment component 400 does not block a part of the openings, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for the heat distribution type of Gaussian distribution or saddle distribution. When the adjustment component 400 blocks a part of the openings, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for the heat distribution type of uniform distribution. This solution can solve the technical problem that it is difficult to adjust the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target according to different heat distribution types on the neutron target in the prior art. Among them, the heat distribution type of Gaussian distribution refers to the temperature gradually decreasing from the center of the target body 100 to the outside, the heat distribution type of saddle distribution refers to the area with the highest heat density appearing in the annular area with a certain distance from the target body 100, and the temperature gradually decreases from the area with the highest heat density to both sides, and the heat distribution type of uniform distribution refers to the heat distribution on the target body 100 is relatively uniform, without obvious temperature difference.

[0063] Example 2, as a further improvement of Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 6The adjustment assembly 400 includes a rotating shaft 401 and a baffle assembly 402. The rotating shaft 401 is rotatably connected to the cavity wall of the pressure chamber 300 opposite to the jet plate 200. One end of the rotating shaft 401 extends from the pressure chamber 300, and the other end of the rotating shaft 401 is fixedly connected to the baffle assembly 402. When the rotating shaft 401 rotates, it can drive the baffle assembly 402 to rotate synchronously. The baffle assembly 402 abuts against the jet plate 200, and the extension direction of the baffle assembly 402 is parallel to the extension direction of the jet plate 200. The baffle assembly 402 includes a plurality of baffles arranged in a preset manner, and each baffle is used to block a corresponding opening on the jet plate 200. The rotating shaft 401 and the baffle assembly 402 fixedly connected thereto can be conveniently adjusted to the position of the baffle assembly by operating the end of the rotating shaft 401 extending from the pressure chamber 300. Specifically, when the rotating shaft 401 is rotated, each baffle can block or not block the corresponding opening. When each baffle does not block the corresponding opening, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for a Gaussian distribution or a saddle distribution heat distribution type. When each baffle blocks the corresponding opening, the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for a uniformly distributed heat distribution type.

[0064] Example 3, as a further improvement of Example 2, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the porous array 201 includes a plurality of second openings 203, and correspondingly, the baffle assembly 402 includes a plurality of second baffles 404, each of which is used to block a portion of the second openings 203, and the hole density of the second openings 203 decreases from the center to the edge of the porous array 201. Specifically, the position of the second openings 203 corresponds to the heat distribution area of ​​the Gaussian distribution type, specifically, the heat gradually decreases from the center to the outside of the target body 100. Then, the hole density near the center is higher, and the high-density heat distribution area at the center of the target body 100 is cooled with a relatively dense and high flow rate, and the relatively low-density heat distribution area at the outer edge is cooled with a relatively sparse cooling process, so as to solve the problem of local heat over-limit or thermal stress over-limit on the target body 100 caused by insufficient flow of cooling medium transported to the local high heat density distribution area on the target body 100. In this embodiment, the aperture range of the second opening 203 is 0.4-0.6mm.

[0065] Example 4, as a further improvement of the above Example 3, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8, the porous array 201 further includes a plurality of first openings 202, the diameter of the first openings 202 is greater than the diameter of the second openings 203, and correspondingly, the baffle assembly 402 includes a plurality of first baffles 403, each of which is used to block each of the first openings 202; each of the first openings 202 is arranged on the jet plate 200 as a first circular array 205, and each of the second openings 203 is arranged on the jet plate 200 as a plurality of second circular arrays 206, and the first circular array 205 is arranged concentrically with each of the second circular arrays 206, and the following conditions are satisfied: d min <D1<d max , where D1 is the array diameter of the first circular array, d min is the minimum value of the array diameter of each of the second circular arrays, d max is the maximum value of the array diameter of each of the second circumferential arrays. In this embodiment, the aperture range of the first opening 202 is 0.8-1.2 mm. It should be noted that, Figure 7 Only one of the first openings 202 is marked, and all holes on the first circumferential array 205 indicated by the dotted line are first openings. Figure 7 Only one of the second openings 203 and a second circular array 206 are marked, and all openings except the first circular array 205 and the central opening 204 are second openings 203. Multiple second openings that can form a circular array can form one of the second circular arrays. Specifically, the position of the first opening 202 corresponds to the high heat density distribution area of ​​the saddle distribution type, which can solve the technical problem that in the aforementioned embodiment, each second opening 203 suitable for Gaussian distribution has no opening in the high heat density distribution area corresponding to the saddle distribution. When the heat distribution type on the target body 100 is the saddle distribution, it is difficult to dissipate heat in a targeted manner in the high heat density distribution area of ​​the saddle distribution type.

[0066] Example 5, as a further improvement of the above example, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, a central opening 204 is also provided at the center of the porous array 201, and the diameter of the central opening 204 is greater than the diameter of the second opening 203; correspondingly, a flow channel 405 is provided on the rotating shaft 401, and the inlet of the flow channel 405 is provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft 401, and the outlet of the flow channel 405 is connected to the central opening 204. In this embodiment, the aperture range of the central opening 204 is 0.8 to 1.2 mm. Specifically, the central opening 204 is arranged corresponding to the center of the target body 100, and the cooling medium can pass through the flow channel 405 into the central opening 204 and then flow to the central position of the target body 100 to cool the central position of the target body 100, which is generally applicable to the heat dissipation of the central position of various heat distribution types, including but not limited to Gaussian distribution, saddle distribution, uniform distribution, etc. This solution can solve the technical problem that it is difficult to introduce cooling medium into the target body 100 at the center position due to being blocked by the rotating shaft 401, which may cause excessive heat or thermal stress at the center position of the target body 100.

[0067] Example 6, as a further improvement of the above example, please refer to Figure 7 , the hole density of the second openings 203 on each of the second circumferential arrays 206 satisfies the relationship: σ i ≥σ j , where σ i is the hole density of the second openings on the i-th second circular array, σ j is the hole density of the second openings 203 on the jth second circular array 206, i,j is the serial number sorted from the center of each second circular array outward, i≤j, i,j∈{1,2,3...n}, and n is the total number of the second circular arrays. Specifically, the hole density of each second opening 203 is set to correspond to the heat distribution type of Gaussian distribution, with a high hole density for a high heat density area and a relatively high flow rate of the cooling medium transported, and a relatively low hole density for a relatively low heat density area at the edge and a relatively low flow rate of the cooling medium transported, so as to achieve targeted heat dissipation.

[0068] See also Figure 4 and Figure 8, a specific embodiment is given for Example 6, n=5, wherein i=j=3, the first circular array 205 is arranged between the third second circular array 206 and the fourth second circular array 206, and the hole density of the first second circular array 206 to the third second circular array 206 is greater than the hole density of the fourth second circular array 206 and the fifth second circular array 206; correspondingly, the baffle assembly 402 is a centrally symmetrical structure as a whole, including four straight baffles and four forked baffles, each straight baffle is cross-distributed with each forked baffle, and two second baffles 404 and a first baffle 403 are sequentially arranged on the straight baffle from the center of the baffle assembly 402 to the outside, wherein the positions of the two second baffles 404 correspond to the second second circular array 206 and the fourth second circular array 206, respectively. The forked baffle rod is provided with a first fork, a second fork and a third fork respectively; the forked baffle rod is provided with a first second baffle plate 404 at a position close to the center of the baffle plate assembly 402, corresponding to the first second circular array 206, the first fork, the second fork and the third fork are distributed outwardly from the first second baffle plate 404, wherein a second baffle plate 404 is respectively provided on the first fork and the second fork, corresponding to the second second circular array 206, and two second baffle plates 404 and a first baffle plate 403 are sequentially provided on the third fork from the center of the baffle plate assembly 402 to the outside, wherein the positions of the two second baffle plates 404 correspond to the second second circular array 206 and the third second circular array 206 respectively. When facing a heat distribution type with a Gaussian distribution or a saddle distribution on the target body 100, each of the first baffles 403 or the second baffles 404 on the linear baffle rod and the forked baffle rod does not block the corresponding first opening 202 or the second opening 203; when facing a heat distribution type with a uniform distribution on the target body 100, the baffle assembly 402 is rotated so that each of the first baffles 403 or the second baffles 404 on the linear baffle rod and the forked baffle rod respectively blocks the corresponding first opening 202 or the second opening 203, so that the hole density distribution in the porous array 201 is relatively uniform.

[0069] Example 7, as a further improvement of the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Fig.10, the end of the rotating shaft 401 extending from the pressure chamber 300 is used to drive the rotating shaft 401 to rotate by external force; in specific implementation, the end of the rotating shaft 401 extending from the pressure chamber 300 is used to install a handle or a motor, which is used to drive the rotating shaft 401 to rotate by manual operation or electric control; in addition, the end of the rotating shaft 401 extending from the pressure chamber 300 has a position mark 406, which is used to indicate the position of the baffle assembly 402; when the position mark 406 is in the first position, the baffle assembly 402 is located at the gap position of the porous array 201, and the openings in the porous array 201 are all in a connected state; when the position mark 406 is in the second position, each of the first openings 202 is blocked, and at the same time, a part of the second openings 203 are blocked, and the remaining unblocked second openings 203 are evenly distributed on the jet plate 200.

[0070] Specifically, when the position mark 406 is located at the first position, the baffle assembly 402 is located at the gap position of the porous array 201, and the openings in the porous array 201 are all in a connected state. At this time, the heat dissipation mode of the target body 100 is suitable for the heat distribution type of Gaussian distribution and the heat distribution type of saddle distribution; the reason is that the setting position of each first opening 202 corresponds to the heat distribution type of saddle distribution, which can carry out targeted large-flow delivery of heat dissipation medium to the high heat density area, and the hole density setting of each second opening 203 corresponds to the heat distribution type of Gaussian distribution. For the high heat density area, the hole density is higher, and the flow rate of the delivered cooling medium is relatively high. For the relatively low heat density area at the edge, the hole density is lower, and the flow rate of the delivered cooling medium is relatively low, so as to achieve targeted heat dissipation. When the position mark 406 is located at the second position, each of the first openings 202 is blocked, and at the same time, a part of the second openings 203 are blocked. At this time, the heat dissipation mode of the target body 100 is suitable for the uniformly distributed beam spot type. For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 3 A first sealing ring 407 is also provided between the rotating shaft 401 and the cavity wall of the pressure cavity 300 to prevent the cooling medium in the pressure cavity 300 from leaking out.

[0071] Embodiment 8, based on the above embodiments 1 to 7, provides a method for controlling the heat dissipation mode of a neutron target, using the neutron target in the above embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1. Monitor the heat distribution of the target body;

[0073] S2. Match the heat distribution type according to the heat distribution situation;

[0074] S3, judging whether the shaft needs to be rotated according to the heat distribution type, and if so, jumping to step S4;

[0075] S4, controlling the rotating shaft to rotate so that the baffle assembly rotates to a corresponding gear position.

[0076] For details, please refer to Figure 1 ,as well as Figures 8 to 10 The gear positions include 1 and 2. When the baffle assembly is in gear 1, each baffle does not block the corresponding opening, and the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for a heat distribution type of Gaussian distribution or saddle distribution. When the baffle assembly is in gear 2, each baffle blocks the corresponding opening, and the heat dissipation mode of the neutron target is suitable for a heat distribution type of uniform distribution. As one of the specific embodiments, the rotation from gear 1 to gear 2 is counterclockwise.

[0077] Embodiment 9, as a further improvement to Embodiment 8, one end of the rotating shaft extending from the pressure chamber is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor, and a control system is also provided; then,

[0078] In step S1, the control system can obtain the heat distribution data of the target body; in step S2, the control system can match the heat distribution type according to the obtained heat distribution data of the target body; in step S3, the control system determines whether the shaft needs to rotate; in step S4, the control system sends a rotation instruction to the rotating motor, so that the rotating motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate to the corresponding gear.

[0079] Example 10: When implementing the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 The pressure chamber 300 is provided with a plurality of medium inlets 301 for inputting cooling medium into the pressure chamber 300, and each cooling medium flows out through the porous array 201; a protrusion 101 extends from the peripheral side of the jet zone toward the jet plate 200, and the jet plate 200 is sealed and connected to the protrusion 101 through a second sealing ring 102; the protrusion 101, the jet plate 200 and the target body 100 enclose a cooling space for receiving the cooling medium flowing out of the porous array 201; a medium outlet 207 is provided on the jet plate 200 at a position corresponding to the cooling space for discharging the cooling medium in the cooling space.

[0080] Embodiment 11 further provides a neutron source system for generating one of a neutron beam, a continuous neutron flux and a pulsed neutron flux, comprising a neutron target as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0081] It is understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and those skilled in the art are aware that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The embodiments described in the present invention are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the art without creative work based on the embodiments in the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A neutron target, characterized in that: It comprises a target body, a jet plate is fixed on one side of the target body, and a pressure chamber is arranged on a side of the jet plate away from the target body for accommodating a cooling medium; The jet plate is provided with a multi-hole array on one side close to the target body and corresponding to the pressure chamber, wherein the multi-hole array includes a plurality of openings arranged in an array, and each of the openings is respectively connected to the pressure chamber; An adjustment component is rotatably connected to the cavity wall of the pressure cavity opposite to the jet plate, and the adjustment component abuts against the jet plate to block a part of the openings.

2. The neutron target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft and a baffle assembly, wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a cavity wall of the pressure cavity opposite to the jet plate; One end of the rotating shaft extends out from the pressure chamber, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the baffle assembly. When the rotating shaft rotates, it can drive the baffle assembly to rotate synchronously; The baffle assembly is in contact with the jet plate, and an extension direction of the baffle assembly is parallel to an extension direction of the jet plate. The baffle assembly includes a plurality of baffles arranged in a preset manner, and each of the baffles is used to block a corresponding opening on the jet plate.

3. The neutron target according to claim 2, characterized in that: The porous array includes a plurality of second openings, and correspondingly, the baffle assembly includes a plurality of second baffles, each of which is used to block a portion of the second openings, and the hole density of the second openings decreases from the center to the edge of the porous array.

4. The neutron target according to claim 3, characterized in that: The porous array further comprises a plurality of first openings, wherein the diameter of the first openings is greater than the diameter of the second openings, and correspondingly, the baffle assembly comprises a plurality of first baffles, wherein each of the first baffles is used to block each of the first openings; The first openings are arranged on the jet plate as a first circular array, and the second openings are arranged on the jet plate as a plurality of second circular arrays, the first circular array and the second circular arrays are arranged concentrically, and the following conditions are met: min <D1<d max , where D1 is the array diameter of the first circular array, d min is the minimum value of the array diameter of each of the second circular arrays, d max is the maximum value of the array diameter of each of the second circular arrays.

5. The neutron target according to claim 3, characterized in that: A central opening is also provided at the center of the porous array, and the diameter of the central opening is larger than the diameter of the second opening; correspondingly, a flow channel is provided on the rotating shaft, the inlet of the flow channel is provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the outlet of the flow channel is connected to the central opening.

6. The neutron target according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hole density of the second openings on each of the second circumferential arrays satisfies the relationship: σ i ≥σ j , where σ i is the hole density of the second openings on the i-th second circular array, σ j is the hole density of the second openings on the jth second circular array, i,j is the serial number sorted outward from the center of each second circular array, i≤j, i,j∈{1,2,3...n}, n is the total number of the second circular arrays.

7. The neutron target according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft extending from the pressure chamber is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate by external force; In addition, one end of the rotating shaft extending from the pressure chamber has a position mark for indicating the position of the baffle assembly; When the position mark is at the first position, the baffle assembly is located at the gap position of the porous array, and the openings in the porous array are all in a connected state; When the position mark is located at the second position, each of the first openings is blocked, and at the same time, a part of the second openings are blocked, and the remaining unblocked second openings are evenly distributed on the jet plate.

8. A method for controlling the heat dissipation mode of a neutron target, using the neutron target according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Monitor the heat distribution of the target body; S2. Match the heat distribution type according to the heat distribution situation; S3, judging whether the shaft needs to be rotated according to the heat distribution type, and if so, jumping to step S4; S4, controlling the rotating shaft to rotate so that the baffle assembly rotates to a corresponding gear position.

9. The method for controlling the neutron target heat dissipation mode according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft extending from the pressure chamber is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor, and a control system is also provided; In step S1, the control system can obtain heat distribution data of the target body; In step S2, the control system can match the heat distribution type according to the acquired heat distribution data of the target body; In step S3, the control system determines whether the shaft needs to rotate; In step S4, the control system sends a rotation instruction to the rotating motor, so that the rotating motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate to the corresponding gear position.

10. A neutron source system, characterized in that: Used to generate one of a neutron beam, a continuous neutron flow and a pulsed neutron flow, characterized by comprising the neutron target according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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