A shock wave guide wire and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shock wave guide wire and a method for using the same, comprising: a head section and a trunk section, wherein the head section comprises a shock wave part, a support part and a top part, and the shock wave part comprises: a central guide wire body and a peripheral guide wire body arranged on the periphery of the central guide wire body, a liquid cavity is arranged between the central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body, a conductive liquid is stored in the liquid cavity, the liquid cavity is communicated with the shock wave cavity, a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes are respectively arranged on the central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body, and both are in contact with the conductive liquid, a transverse wave conductor is arranged on the central guide wire body, and an intersection portion exists between the transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity, the shock wave guide wire can perform shock wave treatment and transverse wave treatment on the tough fiber lesion respectively, can make the hard part and the tough part of the tough fiber lesion be treated respectively, make the tough fiber lesion structure loose and broken, and can solve the defect that the shock wave guide wire in the prior art cannot break the tough fiber lesion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, in particular to the technical field of surgical instruments for invasively removing stones using mechanical vibration, and in particular to a shock wave guide wire and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Cardiovascular disease remains one of the leading causes of death, with atherosclerosis playing a particularly critical role. It is the root cause of numerous serious conditions, including coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and peripheral vascular disease. Atherosclerosis manifests as the abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue in the arterial intima, accompanied by calcium deposition. This process causes the arterial wall to gradually thicken and harden, leading to narrowing of the vessel lumen. When this narrowing progresses to a degree sufficient to block arterial blood flow, the tissues or organs supplied by the artery become at risk of ischemia, and in severe cases, even necrosis of these tissues or organs.

[0003] After initial vascular calcification treatment, there will still be tough fibrous foci attached to the vessel wall. Although small holes that can pass through the guidewire appear, the uneven surface of the tough fibrous foci will hinder the entry of other medical devices guided by the guidewire, hindering the treatment process. Fibrous foci refer to a pathological change formed during the tissue repair process when fibrous tissue replaces damaged organs or tissue structures. Fibrous foci are mainly composed of fibrous tissue, which includes collagen, elastic fibers, etc. These fibrous tissues have high toughness and strength and can support and protect damaged blood vessel walls. Because fibrous tissue has strong adhesion and stability, fibrous foci will adhere tightly to the vessel wall after formation. Shockwave guidewires in the prior art use mechanical vibration shock waves to treat hard calcified plaques with good results, but tough fibrous foci have high toughness and elasticity. When the mechanical vibration of the shock wave acts on them, the energy is absorbed by the fibrous tissue instead of being used to break up the fibrous tissue. This results in a reduction in the shock wave energy actually acting on the fibrous tissue and a reduced treatment effect.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the shock wave guide wire in the prior art to solve the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a shock wave guide wire and a method for using the same, thereby resolving the defect in the prior art that the shock wave guide wire is difficult to remove tough fiber foci.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a shock wave guide wire, comprising a connected head section and a trunk section, characterized in that:

[0007] The head section includes a shock wave portion, and a support portion and a top portion respectively arranged on both sides of the shock wave portion. The shock wave portion is provided with a central guide wire body and an outer guide wire body surrounding the central guide wire body, and a horizontally arranged liquid cavity is formed between the two, and the liquid cavity stores a conductive liquid;

[0008] The central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body are respectively provided with multiple pairs of positive and negative electrodes, the positive and negative electrodes are respectively connected to the shock wave generator and in contact with the conductive liquid, and the peripheral guide wire body is provided with a shock wave cavity connected to the liquid cavity between adjacent electrode pairs;

[0009] The central guide wire body is provided with a transverse wave generator, and the transverse wave generator is provided with a transverse wave conductor. The transverse wave conductor is horizontally arranged and passes through the outer guide wire body. The transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity are distributed on the same side of the shock wave part, and there is an intersection between the transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel are respectively provided on the liquid chamber and the shock wave chamber. The water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are respectively used to add the conductive liquid to the liquid chamber and discharge the conductive liquid from the shock wave chamber. A liquid-driven pump is provided at the intersection of the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shock wave cavity is shaped like a truncated cone, the area of the cross section of the end away from the central guide wire body perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone is smaller than the area of the cross section of the end close to the central guide wire body perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone, and the conductive liquid is physiological saline.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrodes are respectively distributed on the central conductor body, and the negative electrodes are respectively distributed on the peripheral conductor body. The positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are respectively connected to the shock wave generator through circuits, and the combined electric field direction of several positive electrodes and several negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transverse waveguide is made of one of polyurethane and polyethylene, is tapered, and the end away from the central guide wire body is a sharp end, and a tip ball is provided on the sharp end.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trunk segment is made of one of nickel-titanium alloy, stainless steel and nickel-titanium / stainless steel composite alloy, the head segment is made of platinum-nickel alloy, and the head segment is rounded.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trunk segment and the head segment are respectively provided with a coating, and the coating is one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between each pair of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is 0.01-0.2 mm.

[0017] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for using a shock wave guide wire, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1: extending the shock wave guide wire into the blood vessel, and making the shock wave portion correspond to the position of the tough fiber focus, specifically, the tough fiber focus and the shock wave portion are located on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the shock wave portion;

[0019] S2: placing the transverse wave conductor horizontally and in contact with the tough fiber focus, and aligning the shock wave cavity with the tough fiber focus;

[0020] S3: activating the shock wave generator and the shear wave generator in sequence to remove the tough fiber lesions.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shock wave generator and the shear wave generator have the same frequency, but a phase difference.

[0022] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The present invention provides a shock wave guide wire, a head section, and a trunk section. The head section includes a shock wave part, a support part, and a top part. The shock wave part includes: a central guide wire body, and a peripheral guide wire body arranged outside the central guide wire body. A liquid cavity is arranged between the central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body. The liquid cavity stores conductive liquid, and the liquid cavity is communicated with the shock wave cavity. The central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body are respectively provided with a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes, and the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are respectively in contact with the conductive liquid. A shear wave generator and a shear wave conductor are provided on the central guide wire body, and there is an intersection between the shear wave conductor and the shock wave cavity. The shock wave guide wire can perform shock wave treatment and shear wave treatment on the tough fiber lesion respectively. Compared with the shock wave guide wire in the prior art, the hard part and the tough part of the tough fiber lesion can be treated separately, so that the structure of the tough fiber lesion is loose and broken, which can solve the defect that the shock wave guide wire in the prior art cannot break the tough fiber lesion.

[0024] (2) In the present invention, a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel are respectively provided on the liquid chamber and the shock wave chamber. The water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are respectively used to add conductive liquid to the liquid chamber and discharge the conductive liquid from the shock wave chamber. When current passes through the conductive liquid, due to the change of the electromagnetic field generated by the current, the molecules in the liquid will be displaced by the electric field force, forming a shock wave. Compared with the existing technology, the stable and controllable flow of the conductive liquid helps to improve the transmission efficiency of the shock wave energy, so that the shock wave can act more effectively on the tough fiber fossa, promoting the loosening and breaking of its structure.

[0025] (3) In the present invention, the pulse discharge process in the conductive liquid involves the release and conversion of high energy, forming a high-temperature, high-heat plasma channel in the liquid medium. Affected by the temperature and high pressure inside the channel, the liquid around the channel is vaporized. Compared with the existing technology, the vaporized liquid forms bubbles that expand outward, pushing the bubble-water interface to expand, exerting a force on the surrounding water body, and transmitting outward in the form of a shock wave, destroying and removing the tough fiber foci.

[0026] (4) In the present invention, the direction of the combined electric field of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber. Due to the effect of the electrostatic field, the bubbles generated on the electrodes will move along the direction of the electric field. Compared with the existing technology, the direction of the combined electric field of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber, which can promote the initial movement speed of the bubbles, promote the movement of the bubbles, and enhance the concentrated intensity of the shock wave.

[0027] (5) In the present invention, under the influence of the shear wave generator, a large number of defects such as micropores and microcracks will be generated in the internal structure of the ductile object. As the material continues to deform on different strain paths, the ductile damage will continue to accumulate irreversibly and lead to the degradation of material properties. Compared with the existing technology, when the formed microcracks are interconnected, macro cracks will be generated, which will eventually lead to the ductile fracture of the material, and can achieve a good cleaning effect on the ductile fiber foci. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments described in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive efforts.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the shock wave portion of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure: 100, head segment; 110, support part; 120, shock wave part; 121, peripheral guide wire body; 122, central guide wire body; 123, liquid cavity; 124, shock wave cavity; 130 top part; 200, torso segment; 300, transverse wave conductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a shock wave guide wire includes a head section 100 and a trunk section 200 connected to each other, and the head section 100 and the trunk section 200 are fixedly connected:

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the head section 100 includes a shock wave portion 120, and a support portion 110 and a top portion respectively arranged on both sides of the shock wave portion 120. The shock wave portion 120 is provided with a central guide wire body 122 and an outer guide wire body 121 surrounding the central guide wire body, and a horizontally arranged liquid cavity 123 is formed therebetween. The liquid cavity 123 stores a conductive liquid.

[0039] The central guide wire body 122 and the peripheral guide wire body 121 are respectively provided with multiple pairs of positive and negative electrodes, which are respectively connected to the shock wave generator and in contact with the conductive liquid. The peripheral guide wire body 121 is provided with a shock wave cavity 124 connected to the liquid cavity 123 between adjacent electrode pairs;

[0040] The central guidewire 122 is equipped with a shear wave generator, which is equipped with a transverse wave conductor 300. The transverse wave conductor 300 is arranged horizontally and passes through the outer guidewire 121. The transverse wave conductor 300 and the shock wave cavity 124 are distributed on the same side of the shock wave portion 120, and there is an intersection between the transverse wave conductor 300 and the shock wave cavity 124. A fluororubber O-ring and a nanoporous silicone coating are provided at the connection between the transverse wave conductor 300 and the outer guidewire 121 to ensure the stability of the connection between the transverse wave conductor 300 and the outer guidewire 121 and prevent the sealing from deteriorating after prolonged use.

[0041] The conductive liquid stored in the liquid cavity 123 can communicate with the shock wave cavity 124, so that the shock wave guide wire can generate shock waves closer to the tough fiber focus, cracking and softening the diseased tissue, increasing the compliance of the blood vessels to achieve expansion of the occluded lesion.

[0042] The shock wave guide wire can perform shock wave treatment and shear wave treatment on the tough fiber lesion respectively, and can treat the hard part and the tough part of the tough fiber lesion separately, making the structure of the tough fiber lesion loose and broken, which can solve the defect of the shock wave guide wire in the existing technology that it cannot break the tough fiber lesion.

[0043] Liquid chamber 123 and shock wave chamber 124 are each provided with an inlet channel and an outlet channel, which are used to add conductive liquid to liquid chamber 123 and drain conductive liquid from shock wave chamber 124, respectively. A liquid-driven pump is located at the intersection of the inlet and outlet channels. When current passes through the conductive liquid, the electromagnetic field generated by the current changes, causing molecules in the liquid to displace due to the electric field force, forming a pressure fluctuation, i.e., a shock wave. The design of the inlet and outlet channels allows for precise control of the flow of the conductive liquid, ensuring an appropriate amount of conductive liquid in liquid chamber 123 and shock wave chamber 124, providing the necessary medium for the generation of shock waves. The provision of the liquid-driven pump makes the flow of the conductive liquid more stable and controllable, helping to improve the efficiency of shock wave energy transmission, allowing the shock wave to more effectively act on the tough fiber foci, promoting the loosening and fragmentation of their structure. At the electrode tip, due to the large surface curvature and dense equipotential surfaces, the electric field strength increases dramatically, causing the conductive liquid near the electrode tip structure to be ionized, generating discharge and producing shock waves. Flowing conductive liquid can enhance this discharge effect, thereby increasing the intensity of the shock wave.

[0044] The frustum-shaped design of the shockwave chamber, combined with the liquid-driven pump, optimizes the concentration and directionality of the shockwave through liquid flow. The liquid-driven pump ensures stable flow of the conductive liquid, while the frustum-shaped shockwave chamber further focuses the shockwave energy, enabling it to more precisely target the tenacious fiber lesions and minimize energy diffusion and loss.

[0045] The pulsed discharge process in water releases and transforms high energy, forming a high-temperature, highly heated plasma channel within the liquid medium. Influenced by the temperature and high pressure within the channel, the surrounding liquid vaporizes, forming bubbles that expand outward, pushing the bubble-water interface to expand. This exerts a force on the surrounding water, which is transmitted outward in the form of a shock wave. The flowing conductive liquid can carry the bubbles closer to the tough fibers, where they burst, allowing the shock wave to better destroy the tough fiber foci.

[0046] The shock wave chamber 124 is located between two adjacent pairs of positive electrodes and negative electrodes. After each pair of electrodes discharges and generates bubbles, they will converge into the shock wave chamber 124. The shock wave chamber 124 concentrates these bubbles and the shock waves generated by the bubble burst, which can make the shock waves more concentrated, avoid the energy loss of the shock waves in other directions, and enhance the shock wave treatment effect on the tough fiber lesions.

[0047] The shock wave cavity 124 is truncated cone-shaped, with the cross-sectional area of the end away from the central guide wire body 122 perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone being smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end near the central guide wire body 122 perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone. The conductive liquid is physiological saline. The truncated cone-shaped shock wave cavity 124 design allows the shock wave energy to be more concentrated at the end away from the central guide wire body 122, which can more effectively act on calcified lesions and improve the accuracy and effectiveness of treatment. Because the design of the shock wave cavity 124 allows the shock wave energy to be more concentrated, it can reduce damage to surrounding healthy vascular tissue and improve the safety of treatment. As a conductive liquid, physiological saline has good fluidity, which helps to form stable bubbles in the shock wave cavity 124, thereby generating effective shock waves.

[0048] Each pair of positive and negative electrodes includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The positive electrodes are respectively distributed on the central guide wire body 122, and the negative electrodes are respectively distributed on the peripheral guide wire body 121. The positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are respectively connected to the shock wave generator through a circuit. The combined electric field direction of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber 124. This design enables the shock wave energy to be more effectively transmitted to the calcified lesion area. The distribution of the positive and negative electrodes helps to form a more uniform electric field, so that the high-voltage pulse can be more effectively converted into shock wave energy, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. The distribution and connection method of the positive and negative electrodes help to enhance the mechanical effect of the shock wave, promote the fragmentation of calcified tissue, and thus make it easier to remove. Due to the effect of the electrostatic field, the bubbles generated on the electrodes will move in the direction of the electric field. The combined electric field direction of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber 124, which can promote the initial movement speed of the bubbles, promote the movement of the bubbles, and enhance the concentrated intensity of the shock wave.

[0049] The distribution of the positive and negative electrodes, combined with the vibration direction of the transverse wave conductor, enhances the electric field's effect on bubble formation and collapse. The vibration of the transverse wave conductor influences the electric field distribution at the electrode tips, further enhancing the discharge effect and, consequently, the intensity and concentration of the shock wave.

[0050] The arrangement of the positive and negative electrodes, in conjunction with the shock wave generator, can generate shock waves that propagate circumferentially along the guidewire when the guidewire moves to the diseased tissue, thereby cracking and softening the diseased tissue and increasing the compliance of the blood vessels. The shock wave cavity 124 is connected to the liquid cavity 123 and is arranged between two adjacent pairs of positive and negative electrodes. This design helps to more effectively transmit shock waves to the diseased tissue and improve energy transfer efficiency. The shear wave generator and shear wave conductor 300 arranged on the central guidewire body 122 can provide additional treatment methods. The shear wave conductor 300 and the shock wave cavity 124 have an intersection. Shear wave treatment can be combined with shock wave treatment to enhance the treatment effect on tough fiber lesions.

[0051] The flowing conductive liquid not only propels bubbles toward the target but also optimizes their formation and collapse through the control of a liquid-driven pump. The vibration of the shear wave accelerates the diffusion and mixing of gas within the bubble, increasing its internal pressure, causing it to collapse faster and generate a stronger shock wave.

[0052] The intersection layout of the shock wave cavity 124 and the transverse wave conductor 300 forms a synergistic field of shock waves and transverse waves. The transverse wave generator can be a piezoelectric ceramic transducer or an electromagnetically driven vibrator, which generates transverse waves through mechanical vibration or energy conversion and cooperates with the guide wire structure to realize energy transfer.

[0053] The transverse wave conductor 300 is made of one of polyurethane and polyethylene. The transverse wave conductor 300 is tapered, and the end away from the central guide wire body 122 is a sharp end, and a pointed ball is provided on the sharp end. The design of the tapered transverse wave conductor 300 helps to concentrate the transverse wave energy, enhance the therapeutic effect on the fibrous lesions, and make their structure loose and broken, so that they are easier to remove. The ball design on the sharp end can reduce the damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel during the movement of the transverse wave conductor 300, and protect the vascular endothelium from damage. Polyurethane and polyethylene materials have good biocompatibility and elasticity, which enables the transverse wave conductor 300 to better adapt to the curvature and changes of the blood vessels when transmitting transverse waves, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the transverse waves.

[0054] The trunk segment 200 is made of one of nickel-titanium alloy, stainless steel and nickel-titanium / stainless steel composite alloy, and the head segment 100 is made of platinum-nickel alloy, with rounded corners. Nickel-titanium alloy has special superelasticity and shape memory effect, which makes the guide wire have good flexibility and tracking properties in the blood vessel, can adapt to the bends and stenosis of the blood vessel, and can more easily reach the location of the fibrous lesion. Both nickel-titanium alloy and stainless steel have high strength and fatigue resistance, which makes the guide wire less likely to break during pushing and operation, thereby improving the safety of the operation. The head segment 100 is rounded to reduce the damage of the guide wire to the inner wall of the blood vessel, especially when passing through the bends or stenosis of the blood vessel. The rounded corner design helps to protect the vascular endothelium from damage.

[0055] The trunk segment 200 and head segment 100 are each coated with a coating made of one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. This hydrophilic, lubricating coating significantly reduces tissue damage caused by friction when the device enters a blood vessel and reduces the adhesion of macromolecules such as platelets and plasma proteins in the blood.

[0056] The spacing between each pair of positive and negative electrodes is 0.01-0.2mm. A smaller spacing between electrodes can lead to concentrated heat and increase the risk of damage to surrounding healthy tissue. By adjusting the electrode spacing, this risk can be reduced, protecting surrounding tissue from thermal damage.

[0057] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for using a shock wave guide wire, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1: inserting the shock wave guide wire into the blood vessel, and making the shock wave portion 120 correspond to the position of the tough fiber focus, specifically, the tough fiber focus and the shock wave portion 120 are located on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the shock wave portion 120;

[0059] S2: The transverse wave conductor 300 is placed horizontally and in contact with the tough fiber focus, and the shock wave cavity 124 is aligned with the tough fiber focus;

[0060] S3: Start the shock wave generator and shear wave generator successively to remove the tough fiber focus.

[0061] The shockwave guidewire is passed through the small hole in the resilient fibrous lesion and treated on the side of the shockwave guidewire. By precisely passing the shockwave guidewire through the small hole in the resilient fibrous lesion, the shockwave energy is ensured to act directly on the calcified lesion, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the treatment. This side treatment of the shockwave guidewire can reduce damage to surrounding healthy vascular tissue because the shockwave energy is more concentrated in the resilient fibrous lesion area rather than being dispersed into surrounding tissue.

[0062] When the two waves have the same frequency, they resonate, superimposing energy at a specific point, resulting in a more concentrated energy effect at the location of the resilient fibrous lesion. Phase difference can cause wave interference, which can enhance energy in specific areas. By optimizing the phase difference, energy can be more concentrated at the fibrous lesion, optimizing the treatment effect. The shock wave generator and shear wave generator have the same frequency, but a phase difference exists. Phase difference control can enhance the cavitation effect, lower the cavitation threshold, and simultaneously create a splitting focus, increasing the single damage volume and improving damage efficiency.

[0063] Shear waves are shear waves that propagate through solid or semisolid media, particularly tissues, with excellent penetration and propagation characteristics. By inducing shear stress within tissue, shear waves can induce minute displacements and deformations, thereby disrupting the tissue's structural integrity. Shear waves can continue to act during the intervals between shock waves, helping to loosen and weaken the structure of diseased tissue. This makes each shock wave more effective, reducing the number of shock waves required and, in effect, increasing the number of effective shock waves per unit time.

[0064] Under the influence of shear waves, the internal structure of ductile objects develops numerous defects such as micropores and microcracks, which are known as ductile damage. As the material continues to deform along different strain paths, ductile damage accumulates irreversibly, leading to degradation of material properties. When these microcracks connect, macrocracks develop, ultimately leading to ductile fracture of the material.

[0065] Bubbles are generated by a shockwave generator under the influence of an electric current, which in turn forms bubbles in a conductive liquid. During this process, the intensity of the current affects the intensity of the discharge and the speed of bubble formation. Higher current intensity leads to more intense discharges, resulting in more and larger bubbles. However, beyond a certain level, a significant increase in current intensity only results in a small increase in the number and size of bubbles. This is because each bubble has the ability to fully grow, expand, and collapse. However, if the frequency is too high, newly formed bubbles will overlap or interfere with older bubbles that have not yet fully collapsed. This interference disrupts the normal expansion and collapse of the bubbles, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the shockwave.

[0066] When shear waves propagate through solids, their propagation paths are independent and unaffected by bubbles in the liquid. Therefore, interactions between bubbles are not transmitted via shear waves, preventing direct interference between them. The vibrational effect of shear waves causes tiny vibrations in the bubble walls. These vibrations accelerate the diffusion and mixing of gases within the bubbles, increasing the pressure within them. When the pressure inside the bubbles reaches a certain level, the bubbles burst and generate shock waves. While shear waves themselves cannot directly affect bubbles in the liquid, they can transfer energy through the solid medium to the liquid near the bubbles. This energy transfer accelerates the bubble's collapse and generates a stronger shock wave.

[0067] The shock wave generator and shear wave generator have the same frequency but a phase difference. This design enhances the cavitation effect, lowers the cavitation threshold, and generates higher energy superposition in specific areas through wave interference. The intersecting layout of the shear wave conductor and the shock wave cavity creates a synergistic field of shock and shear waves. The combination of the vibration of the shear wave conductor and the concentrated release of the shock wave can more effectively destroy the structure of tough fiber lesions.

[0068] Controlling the current intensity, combined with the liquid flow of the liquid-driven pump, optimizes the bubble formation and collapse process. Appropriate current intensity and liquid flow ensure the proper expansion and collapse of bubbles, thereby improving the quality and intensity of the shock wave.

[0069] The above description is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Based on the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shock wave guidewire comprising a connected head section and a trunk section, characterized in that: The head section includes a shock wave portion, and a support portion and a top portion respectively arranged on both sides of the shock wave portion. The shock wave portion is provided with a central guide wire body and an outer guide wire body surrounding the central guide wire body, and a horizontally arranged liquid cavity is formed between the two, and the liquid cavity stores a conductive liquid; The central guide wire body and the peripheral guide wire body are respectively provided with multiple pairs of positive and negative electrodes, the positive and negative electrodes are respectively connected to the shock wave generator and in contact with the conductive liquid, and the peripheral guide wire body is provided with a shock wave cavity connected to the liquid cavity between adjacent electrode pairs; The central guide wire body is provided with a transverse wave generator, and the transverse wave generator is provided with a transverse wave conductor. The transverse wave conductor is horizontally arranged and passes through the outer guide wire body. The transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity are distributed on the same side of the shock wave part, and there is an intersection between the transverse wave conductor and the shock wave cavity.

2. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid chamber and the shock wave chamber are respectively provided with a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel. The water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are respectively used to add the conductive liquid to the liquid chamber and discharge the conductive liquid from the shock wave chamber. A liquid-driven pump is provided at the intersection of the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel.

3. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock wave cavity is truncated cone-shaped, and the cross-sectional area of the end away from the central guide wire body perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end close to the central guide wire body perpendicular to the axis of the truncated cone. The conductive liquid is physiological saline.

4. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each pair of positive and negative electrodes includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrodes are respectively distributed on the central conductor body, and the negative electrodes are respectively distributed on the peripheral conductor body. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected to the shock wave generator through a circuit, and the combined electric field direction of several positive electrodes and several negative electrodes is consistent with the flow direction of the conductive liquid in the shock wave chamber.

5. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between each pair of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is 0.01-0.2 mm.

6. The shock wave guide wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trunk segment is made of one of nickel-titanium alloy, stainless steel and nickel-titanium / stainless steel composite alloy, the head segment is made of platinum-nickel alloy, and the head segment is rounded.

7. A shock wave guide wire according to claim 6, characterized in that: The trunk segment and the head segment are respectively provided with a coating, and the coating is one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

8. The shock wave guide wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse waveguide is made of one of polyurethane and polyethylene. The transverse waveguide is tapered, with one end away from the central guide wire being a sharp end, and a tip ball being provided on the sharp end.

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