Farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device

Abstract

The invention relates to a farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device which comprises a collection cover and a bottom plate, the collection cover is arranged above the water surface of a rice field, the bottom plate is arranged beside the rice field, an air pump, a combustion chamber and an absorption tower which are sequentially connected are arranged on the bottom plate, and a guide pipe connected with the air inlet end of the air pump is arranged on the collection cover; a combustor connected with an external fuel gas source is arranged in the combustion chamber; a feeding hopper is arranged on the side wall of the absorption tower, a filler layer is arranged in the absorption tower, a demister is arranged above the filler layer, a water pump communicated with the inner bottom of the absorption tower is arranged on the side wall of the absorption tower, and a water outlet end of the water pump is connected with an atomizing nozzle positioned above the filler layer; an exhaust pipe is arranged at the upper end of the absorption tower; greenhouse gas discharged in the rice planting process is effectively removed, environment protection is facilitated, the soil fertility is improved, and the rice yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of farmland emission reduction, and in particular to a farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device. Background Art

[0002] As the problem of global warming becomes increasingly serious, greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, by absorbing long-wave radiation reflected by the ground and re-emitting radiation, cause the temperature of the earth's surface to rise. This phenomenon is called the greenhouse effect. Global warming is one of the main consequences of greenhouse gas emissions, which has triggered extreme weather events such as typhoons, high temperatures, heavy rains, mudslides and droughts. The rise in sea levels is due to the melting of polar glaciers caused by the greenhouse effect, which in turn threatens the survival and development of coastal areas. In addition, the increase in greenhouse gases has changed climatic conditions, resulting in the reduction or disappearance of habitats for many species and the destruction of biodiversity.

[0003] At present, my country's agricultural "carbon sink" capacity cannot completely offset the greenhouse gases produced in the production process. To achieve carbon neutrality in agriculture, the number of carbon emission sources can be reduced. Agricultural carbon emission reduction is an indispensable part of achieving the dual carbon goals, and agricultural emission reduction has become the key to alleviating the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations.

[0004] Rice cultivation in farmland is a relatively large source of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Rice respires during its growth, consuming oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. This is the main biochemical process for the production of carbon dioxide in rice fields. In addition, when the soil is flooded, the oxygen in the soil is consumed by soil microorganisms, animals, and plant roots, and methanogens begin to grow and become active. They use carbon dioxide and acetic acid as raw materials to produce methane (CH4), which is diffused and emitted into the atmosphere through rice plants and bubbles. The carbon dioxide and methane produced by rice fields have a significant impact on the environment and climate. Carbon dioxide and methane are both greenhouse gases. Excessive emissions will intensify the greenhouse effect and lead to rising global temperatures. In addition, the increase in carbon dioxide and methane may change the structure of soil microbial communities, thereby affecting soil fertility and crop yields. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device, which can solve the problem in the prior art that greenhouse gases emitted during rice planting will aggravate the greenhouse effect and affect soil fertility and crop yields.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device, comprising a collecting hood and a bottom plate, wherein the collecting hood is arranged above the water surface of the rice field, the bottom plate is arranged at the edge of the field, an air pump, a combustion chamber and an absorption tower connected in sequence are arranged on the bottom plate, and a conduit connected to the air inlet end of the air pump is arranged on the collecting hood;

[0007] A burner connected to an external fuel gas source is provided inside the combustion chamber;

[0008] A feed hopper is arranged on the side wall of the absorption tower, a packing layer is arranged inside the absorption tower, a demister is arranged above the packing layer, a water pump connected to the inner bottom of the absorption tower is arranged on the side wall of the absorption tower, the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to an atomizing nozzle located above the packing layer, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the upper end of the absorption tower.

[0009] Preferably, a spoiler arranged perpendicular to the air intake direction is provided inside the combustion chamber.

[0010] Preferably, a first grid plate located above the burner is provided inside the combustion chamber, and a high-performance catalyst is filled above the first grid plate.

[0011] Preferably, a heat conducting pipe is connected between the air pump and the combustion chamber, a jacket is provided on the outside of the heat conducting pipe, a heat conducting medium is filled inside the jacket, a serpentine coil wound around the heat conducting pipe is provided inside the jacket, an air inlet end of the serpentine coil is connected to the combustion chamber, and an air outlet end of the serpentine coil is connected to an absorption tower.

[0012] Preferably, a spiral belt is provided on the inner wall of the heat conducting pipe, and heat dissipation fins are provided at the gaps between the spiral belts.

[0013] Preferably, a filter is provided on the conduit, and an air inlet pipe is provided on the filter.

[0014] Preferably, an expansion pipe located between the water pump and the atomizing nozzle is provided on the bottom plate, the expansion pipe is internally rotatably connected to a water wheel, a driving bevel gear is coaxially provided on the water wheel, the expansion pipe is internally rotatably connected to a driven bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear, the absorption tower is internally rotatably connected to a rotating shaft coaxially provided with the driven bevel gear, stirring blades are arranged on the rotating shaft, and the stirring blades are located below the feed hopper.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the rotating shaft is provided with a fan blade located below the packing layer.

[0016] Preferably, the stirring blade is provided with bristles that are in contact with the inner wall of the absorption tower, the bottom of the absorption tower is provided with a sewage pipe, and the sewage pipe is provided with a sewage valve.

[0017] Preferably, the packing layer comprises a second grid plate arranged on the inner wall of the absorption tower, and the upper part of the second grid plate is filled with lightweight small balls made of polyethylene, polypropylene, expanded polystyrene or porous rubber.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the coordinated arrangement of a collecting hood, a bottom plate, an air pump, a combustion chamber, an absorption tower, a conduit, a burner, a feed hopper, a packing layer, a demister, a water pump, an atomizing nozzle and an exhaust pipe. A washing liquid is added to the absorption tower through the feed hopper. The collecting hood can effectively collect carbon dioxide, methane and other gases generated by rice respiration, soil microbial activities and the like in the rice field. The air pump generates negative pressure to suck the gas into the conduit and transport it to the combustion chamber. The burner works to burn methane in the combustion chamber to generate carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide collected by the collecting hood and the carbon dioxide generated by the combustion of methane are mixed with the carbon dioxide It is transported to the absorption tower, and the water pump circulates to extract the eluent in the absorption tower and sprays it out through the atomizing nozzle. The carbon dioxide is fully in contact with the eluent at the packing layer, and the carbon dioxide reacts chemically with the eluent and is absorbed to generate carbonate, thereby capturing the carbon dioxide. The demister separates the mist in the air flow and gathers it to form droplets, which fall to the bottom of the absorption tower under the action of gravity and are reused, saving eluent. The purified gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe, which effectively removes greenhouse gases emitted during rice cultivation, is beneficial to protecting the environment, improving soil fertility, and increasing rice yields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the combustion chamber of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the absorption tower of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the expanded diameter tube of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the jacket of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the heat conducting pipe of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1, second grid plate; 2, bottom plate; 3, air pump; 4, combustion chamber; 5, absorption tower; 6, conduit; 7, burner; 8, feed hopper; 9, packing layer; 10, demister; 11, water pump; 12, atomizing nozzle; 13, exhaust pipe; 14, first grid plate; 15, spoiler; 16, heat transfer pipe; 17, jacket; 18, serpentine coil; 19, filter; 20, air inlet pipe; 21, spiral belt; 22, cooling fin; 23, expansion pipe; 24, water wheel; 25, driving bevel gear; 26, driven bevel gear; 27, rotating shaft; 28, stirring blade; 29, fan blade; 30, brush; 31, sewage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, a farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device includes a collecting hood and a bottom plate 2. The collecting hood is arranged above the water surface of the paddy field. The collecting hood is made of corrosion-resistant and light-transmitting materials. The collecting hood is fixed 0.5-1 meters above the water surface with a corrosion-resistant metal bracket to ensure that the collecting hood is stable and does not affect the growth of rice. An air pump 3, a combustion chamber 4 and an absorption tower 5 connected in sequence are arranged on the bottom plate 2. The absorption tower 5 has a heat insulation layer on the outside. A conduit 6 connected to the air inlet end of the air pump 3 is arranged on the collecting hood. The bottom plate 2 is arranged at a high and dry position beside the field for easy maintenance and operation.

[0028] A burner 7 connected to an external fuel gas source is arranged inside the combustion chamber 4, and the external fuel gas source is natural gas;

[0029] A feed hopper 8 is provided on the side wall of the absorption tower 5, and a sealing cover is provided on the feed hopper 8. A packing layer 9 is provided inside the absorption tower 5, and a demister 10 is provided above the packing layer 9. The demister 10 is streamlined or folded. A water pump 11 connected to the inner bottom of the absorption tower 5 is provided on the side wall of the absorption tower 5, and the water outlet of the water pump 11 is connected to an atomizing nozzle 12 located above the packing layer 9. An exhaust pipe 13 is provided on the upper end of the absorption tower 5, and the exhaust port of the exhaust pipe 13 is set at a high place in an open area away from residential areas. A temperature sensor and a gas detection sensor are provided on the exhaust pipe 13, and the temperature sensor and the gas detection sensor are connected to a monitoring system to monitor the composition and concentration of the exhaust gas in real time.

[0030] During specific use, eluent is added to the absorption tower 5 through the feed hopper 8. The eluent is a sodium hydroxide solution or a calcium hydroxide solution. The collecting hood can effectively collect gases such as carbon dioxide and methane generated by rice respiration and soil microbial activities in the paddy field. The air pump 3 generates negative pressure to suck the gas into the conduit 6 and transport it to the combustion chamber 4. The burner 7 works to burn methane in the combustion chamber 4 to generate carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide collected by the collecting hood and the carbon dioxide generated by the combustion of methane are transported to the absorption tower 5. The water pump 11 circulates and extracts the eluent in the absorption tower 5 and sprays it through the atomizing nozzle 12. The carbon dioxide is fully in contact with the eluent at the packing layer 9. The carbon dioxide reacts chemically with the eluent and is absorbed to generate carbonate, thereby capturing the carbon dioxide. The demister 10 separates the mist in the airflow and gathers to form droplets. The droplets fall to the bottom of the absorption tower 5 under the action of gravity and are reused for a second time, saving the eluent. The purified gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 13.

[0031] In order to fully capture methane, preferably, a spoiler 15 perpendicular to the air intake direction is provided inside the combustion chamber 4, and the spoiler 15 is made of corrosion-resistant material.

[0032] Specifically, the spoiler 15 prolongs the retention time of the collected gas in the combustion chamber 4 by changing the flow direction of the airflow, so that the methane is fully burned, which is beneficial to preventing the methane from being discharged and harming the environment.

[0033] In order to fully capture methane, preferably, the interior of the combustion chamber 4 is provided with a first grid plate 14 located above the burner 7, and the top of the first grid plate 14 is filled with a high-performance catalyst, which is a supported precious metal (such as palladium, platinum) or a transition metal oxide catalyst.

[0034] Specifically, high-performance catalysts exist in the form of honeycombs, particles, etc., which increase the reaction contact area and improve the catalytic efficiency. The activity of high-performance catalysts should be checked regularly and replaced in time when the activity decreases.

[0035] In order to fully capture methane, preferably, a heat pipe 16 is connected between the air pump 3 and the combustion chamber 4, and the heat pipe 16 is made of a heat-conducting metal material, such as (copper, iron, etc.). A jacket 17 is provided on the outside of the heat pipe 16, and the inside of the jacket 17 is filled with a heat-conducting medium, which is kerosene. A serpentine coil 18 is provided inside the jacket 17 and wound around the heat pipe 16, and the air inlet end of the serpentine coil 18 is connected to the combustion chamber 4, and the air outlet end of the serpentine coil 18 is connected to the absorption tower 5.

[0036] Specifically, the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas discharged from the combustion chamber 4 exchanges heat with kerosene during the process of passing through the jacket 17. The serpentine coil 18 is beneficial to increasing the heat exchange contact area between the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas and the kerosene, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The cooled carbon dioxide gas enters the absorption tower 5 for subsequent treatment. The kerosene passes through the heat pipe 16 and the mixed gas inside the heat pipe 16 for preheating treatment, so that the mixed gas is heated to the catalyst ignition temperature, generally 250-400°C, to ensure that methane reacts completely on the catalyst surface, realize heat recovery and utilization, and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0037] In order to fully capture methane, preferably, a spiral belt 21 is provided on the inner wall of the heat conducting pipe 16 , and heat dissipation fins 22 are provided at the gaps between the spiral belts 21 , and the heat dissipation fins 22 are made of heat conducting material.

[0038] Specifically, the spiral belt 21 is helpful to prolong the residence time of the mixed gas inside the heat pipe 16, and combined with the heat dissipation fins 22, it can increase the uniform heat exchange between the mixed gas and the heat pipe 16 and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0039] In order to fully capture methane, preferably, a filter 19 is provided on the conduit 6 , and the filter 19 is an activated carbon filter. An air inlet pipe 20 is provided on the filter 19 .

[0040] Specifically, the activated carbon filter filters and purifies the mixed gas and the air entering from the air inlet pipe 20, removes some organic matter and particulate impurities, so that the gas meets the requirements of subsequent treatment. The air entering from the air inlet pipe 20 can provide sufficient oxygen for methane combustion, so that the methane burns completely.

[0041] In order to fully capture carbon dioxide, preferably, an expansion pipe 23 located between the water pump 11 and the atomizing nozzle 12 is provided on the bottom plate 2, the expansion pipe 23 is internally rotatably connected to a water wheel 24, the water wheel 24 is coaxially provided with a driving bevel gear 25, the expansion pipe 23 is internally rotatably connected to a driven bevel gear 26 meshing with the driving bevel gear 25, the absorption tower 5 is internally rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 27 coaxially provided with the driven bevel gear 26, a stirring blade 28 is arranged on the rotating shaft 27, and the stirring blade 28 is located below the feed hopper 8.

[0042] Specifically, under the driving action of the water pump 11, the eluent impacts the water wheel 24 in the expansion pipe 23, causing the water wheel 24 to rotate. The rotating water wheel 24 drives the active bevel gear 25 to rotate. The active bevel gear 25 drives the stirring blade 28 to rotate through the driven bevel gear 26, thereby stirring the eluent, which is beneficial to fully absorb the carbon dioxide.

[0043] In order to fully capture carbon dioxide, preferably, the upper end of the rotating shaft 27 is provided with a fan blade 29 located below the packing layer 9 .

[0044] Specifically, the fan blades 29 rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 27 to form a negative pressure, so that the carbon dioxide gas rises and fully contacts the eluent, which is beneficial to fully absorb the carbon dioxide.

[0045] Preferably, the stirring blade 28 is provided with bristles 30 that are in contact with the inner wall of the absorption tower 5 , and the bottom of the absorption tower 5 is provided with a sewage pipe 31 , and the sewage pipe 31 is provided with a sewage valve.

[0046] Specifically, when sodium hydroxide solution or calcium hydroxide solution is used as the eluent, white sodium bicarbonate precipitate or calcium carbonate precipitate will be generated respectively, and these white precipitates will adhere to the inner wall of the absorption tower 5. Therefore, when the concentration of the eluent is high, the bristles 30 rotate with the fan blades 29 to brush the inner wall of the absorption tower 5 to prevent the precipitate from adhering to the inner wall of the absorption tower 5. The drain valve on the drain pipe 31 is opened to discharge the eluent, and the eluent is re-added.

[0047] In order to fully capture carbon dioxide, preferably, the packing layer 9 includes a second grid plate 1 arranged on the inner wall of the absorption tower 5, and the top of the second grid plate 1 is filled with lightweight balls made of polyethylene, polypropylene, expanded polystyrene or porous rubber.

[0048] Specifically, lightweight small balls made of polyethylene, polypropylene, expanded polystyrene or porous rubber have high porosity, large specific surface area and good surface wettability, which can increase the contact area between carbon dioxide gas and eluent and improve the capture effect of carbon dioxide.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is provided with a collection hood, a bottom plate 2, an air pump 3, a combustion chamber 4, an absorption tower 5, a conduit 6, a burner 7, a feed hopper 8, a packing layer 9, a demister 10, a water pump 11, an atomizing nozzle 12 and an exhaust pipe 13. The eluent is added to the absorption tower 5 through the feed hopper 8. The collection hood can effectively collect carbon dioxide, methane and other gases generated by rice respiration, soil microbial activities and the like in the paddy field. The air pump 3 generates negative pressure to suck the gas into the conduit 6 and transport it to the combustion chamber 4. The burner 7 works to burn methane in the combustion chamber 4 to generate carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide collected by the collection hood is mixed with the methane combustion to generate carbon dioxide and water. The generated carbon dioxide is transported to the absorption tower 5, the water pump 11 circulates and extracts the eluent in the absorption tower 5 and sprays it through the atomizing nozzle 12, the carbon dioxide is fully in contact with the eluent at the packing layer 9, the carbon dioxide reacts chemically with the eluent and is absorbed to generate carbonate, thereby capturing the carbon dioxide, the demister 10 separates the mist in the airflow and gathers to form droplets, the droplets fall to the bottom of the absorption tower 5 under the action of gravity, and are reused, saving the eluent, and the purified gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 13, effectively removing the greenhouse gases emitted during the rice planting process, which is beneficial to protecting the environment, improving soil fertility, and increasing rice yields.

[0050] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device, comprising a collection cover and a bottom plate (2), characterized in that: The collecting hood is arranged above the water surface of the paddy field, the bottom plate (2) is arranged at the edge of the field, an air pump (3), a combustion chamber (4) and an absorption tower (5) which are connected in sequence are arranged on the bottom plate (2), and a conduit (6) which is connected to the air inlet end of the air pump (3) is arranged on the collecting hood; A burner (7) connected to an external fuel gas source is arranged inside the combustion chamber (4); A feed hopper (8) is arranged on the side wall of the absorption tower (5), a packing layer (9) is arranged inside the absorption tower (5), a demister (10) is arranged above the packing layer (9), a water pump (11) connected to the inner bottom of the absorption tower (5) is arranged on the side wall of the absorption tower (5), a water outlet end of the water pump (11) is connected to an atomizing nozzle (12) located above the packing layer (9), and an exhaust pipe (13) is arranged at the upper end of the absorption tower (5).

2. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 1 is characterized by: A spoiler (15) arranged perpendicular to the air intake direction is arranged inside the combustion chamber (4).

3. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first grid plate (14) located above the burner (7) is arranged inside the combustion chamber (4), and a high-performance catalyst is filled above the first grid plate (14).

4. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat conducting pipe (16) is connected between the air pump (3) and the combustion chamber (4); a jacket (17) is arranged outside the heat conducting pipe (16); the interior of the jacket (17) is filled with a heat conducting medium; a serpentine coil (18) wound around the heat conducting pipe (16) is arranged inside the jacket (17); an air inlet end of the serpentine coil (18) is connected to the combustion chamber (4); and an air outlet end of the serpentine coil (18) is connected to an absorption tower (5).

5. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A spiral belt (21) is provided on the inner wall of the heat conducting pipe (16), and heat dissipation fins (22) are provided at the gaps between the spiral belts (21).

6. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conduit (6) is provided with a filter (19), and the filter (19) is provided with an air inlet pipe (20).

7. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (2) is provided with an expansion pipe (23) located between the water pump (11) and the atomizing nozzle (12); the expansion pipe (23) is rotatably connected to a water wheel (24) inside; the water wheel (24) is coaxially provided with a driving bevel gear (25); the expansion pipe (23) is rotatably connected to a driven bevel gear (26) meshing with the driving bevel gear (25); the absorption tower (5) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (27) coaxially provided with the driven bevel gear (26); a stirring blade (28) is arranged on the rotating shaft (27); and the stirring blade (28) is located below the feed hopper (8).

8. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 7 is characterized by: The upper end of the rotating shaft (27) is provided with a fan blade (29) located below the packing layer (9).

9. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring blade (28) is provided with bristles (30) in contact with the inner wall of the absorption tower (5), the bottom of the absorption tower (5) is provided with a sewage pipe (31), and the sewage pipe (31) is provided with a sewage valve.

10. The farmland carbon emission absorption and discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing layer (9) comprises a second grid plate (1) arranged on the inner wall of the absorption tower (5), and the upper part of the second grid plate (1) is filled with lightweight small balls made of polyethylene, polypropylene, expanded polystyrene or porous rubber.

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