Laser coaxial auxiliary heating drilling machining device and working method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser coaxial auxiliary heating drilling machining device and a working method. Laser coaxial auxiliary heating is achieved, tool abrasion is reduced, a heat affected zone is eliminated, and the machining efficiency is improved. According to the technical scheme, a rack comprises a portal frame and a base; the light path transmission system is arranged at the top of the portal frame, and a Z-axis movement system and a control system of the three-axis movement system are arranged on one side of the portal frame; a Z-axis sliding platform in the Z-axis movement system is arranged at the top of one side of the portal frame, and a second motor is arranged at the top of the Z-axis sliding platform and drives the Z-axis sliding platform to move through a lead screw mechanism; the drilling system is arranged on the Z-axis sliding platform, a first gear device and a second gear device of the drilling system are arranged on the Z-axis sliding platform through a Z-axis fixing frame, a first support and a second support, an ultrasonic vibration device is further arranged at the other end of the second gear device, and two rectangular holes are formed in a tool sleeve and a drilling tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of precision manufacturing, and in particular relates to a laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling processing device and a working method. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As the performance requirements for component materials have increased, various high-strength, high-hardness, and high-brittle engineering materials have emerged. The improvement of material performance has brought difficulties to high-precision processing.

[0004] Traditional drilling processing will inevitably cause severe tool wear and large spindle cutting force during the processing, resulting in high processing costs and poor processing quality. Relatively speaking, laser drilling technology, due to its non-contact processing characteristics, will not generate cutting force, and the material surface will not form physical damage such as edge collapse. However, heat accumulation will inevitably occur during laser drilling, forming defects such as recasting layer and heat-affected zone, and single laser drilling cannot avoid the formation of taper. Laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling technology can effectively remove the heat effect and taper caused by laser processing, while reducing cutting force, increasing tool life, and improving hole wall quality and processing efficiency.

[0005] In the prior art, laser assisted heating technology has been applied to cutting, grinding, milling and other processing techniques. However, in the laser assisted heating drilling process, the laser can only quickly heat and soften the surface material of the workpiece, but as the drilling depth increases, the laser cannot heat the material in the hole, and the processing efficiency cannot be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a laser coaxial assisted heating drilling processing device and a working method. By combining laser processing and drilling processing, laser coaxial assisted heating is achieved, which has the advantages of both laser processing and drilling processing, reduces tool wear, increases tool life, eliminates heat-affected zones, improves processing efficiency, and reduces processing damage.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling processing device, comprising: an optical path transmission system, a three-axis motion system, a drilling system, a frame and a control system; the frame comprises a gantry and a base; the optical path transmission system is arranged on the top of the gantry, and the three-axis motion system and the control system are arranged on one side of the gantry;

[0009] The three-axis motion system includes a Z-axis motion system, an X-axis motion system and a Y-axis motion system, wherein the X-axis sliding platform and the Y-axis sliding platform are arranged on the base; the Z-axis motion system is composed of a second motor, a Z-axis sliding platform and a Z-axis fixed frame, wherein the Z-axis sliding platform is arranged on the top of one side of the gantry, and the second motor is arranged on the top of the Z-axis sliding platform, and the second motor drives the Z-axis sliding platform through a screw mechanism;

[0010] The drilling system is arranged on the Z-axis sliding platform, and the drilling system includes a first gear device, a second gear device, an ultrasonic vibration device and a tool. One end of the first gear device and the second gear device are both arranged on the Z-axis sliding platform through a Z-axis fixing frame, and the other end of the first gear device is provided with a second support. The second gear device is also fixed to the Z-axis sliding platform through the first support. The other end of the second gear device is also provided with an ultrasonic vibration device, a tool sleeve and a drilling tool, and the ultrasonic vibration device is arranged on the outside of the tool sleeve; the drilling tool consists of a drill rod and a drill bit, and two rectangular holes are opened inside the drill rod and at the back face of the drill bit.

[0011] Furthermore, the optical transmission system comprises a laser generating system, a reflector group and a beam shaping device, which is used to generate a light beam and adjust the light beam propagation path and the shape of the light beam;

[0012] The reflector group includes a beam expander, a first reflector, a second reflector and a third reflector, wherein the laser generating system, the beam expander, the first reflector and the second reflector are arranged on the top of the gantry, and the third reflector is arranged on the top of the Z-axis sliding platform. The first reflector and the second reflector reflect the light beam horizontally, and the third reflector adjusts the horizontal light beam into vertical light.

[0013] Furthermore, the laser generating system includes a laser and a laser controller, the laser is arranged above the gantry, and the laser controller is arranged on one side of the laser.

[0014] Furthermore, the third reflector, the beam shaping device and the drilling tool are coaxially arranged.

[0015] Further, the first gear device includes a first motor, a first bearing sleeve, a first gear shaft, a first bevel gear, and a second bearing sleeve; the first motor is arranged above the Z-axis sliding platform and is connected to one end of the first gear shaft, the first bevel gear is arranged in the middle of the first gear shaft, a first bearing is arranged between the first gear shaft and the Z-axis fixing frame, and a first bearing sleeve is arranged between the first bearing and the Z-axis fixing frame; a second bearing is arranged between the other end of the first gear shaft and the second support, and a second bearing sleeve is arranged on the side of the second bearing away from the first bevel gear.

[0016] Furthermore, the second gear device is composed of a third bearing sleeve, a fourth bearing sleeve, a second gear shaft, a second bevel gear, a link and a tool sleeve; the second bevel gear is arranged in the middle of the second gear shaft, one end of the second gear shaft is connected to the Z-axis sliding platform through a Z-axis fixing frame, a first support is arranged between the second bevel gear and the Z-axis fixing frame, a third bearing is arranged between the Z-axis fixing frame and the second gear shaft, and a fourth bearing is arranged between the first support and the second gear shaft; a third bearing sleeve is arranged on one side of the third bearing, and a fourth bearing sleeve is arranged on one side of the fourth bearing.

[0017] Furthermore, the tool sleeve is connected to the second gear shaft through a connecting shaft, and a beam shaping device is provided at the core of the connecting shaft; the cores of the second gear shaft, the connecting shaft and the tool sleeve are all provided with through holes, and a through hole is also provided on the Z-axis sliding platform corresponding to the axial position of the second gear shaft for passing the light beam.

[0018] Furthermore, the Y-axis motion system consists of a Y-axis screw guide, a fifth motor, a Y-axis sliding platform and a fourth motor; the Y-axis screw guide is arranged on the base, the Y-axis sliding platform is movably arranged above the Y-axis screw guide, a fifth motor is arranged on one side of the Y-axis screw guide, and the fifth motor drives the Y-axis sliding platform to move through a screw mechanism; the fourth motor is arranged on one side of the Y-axis sliding platform.

[0019] Furthermore, the X-axis motion system is composed of a rotating platform, a third motor and an X-axis sliding platform. The X-axis sliding platform is movably arranged above the Y-axis sliding platform, and the fourth motor drives the X-axis sliding platform to move through a screw mechanism; a third motor is arranged on one side of the X-axis sliding platform, and a rotating platform is arranged above the X-axis sliding platform, and the third motor is used to drive the rotating platform to rotate.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a working method of a laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. The workpiece is placed on a rotating platform. By adjusting the X-axis motion system and the Y-axis motion system, the hole processing area is made coaxial with the drill bit, and the angle of the rotating platform is adjusted to meet the processing requirements;

[0022] S2, turn on the laser and the beam shaping device, the laser is beam shaped by the reflector and the beam shaping device, and two rectangular beams are emitted through the hollow tool sleeve, the drill rod and the drill bit;

[0023] S3, start the first motor, the first motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate, drives the second bevel gear to rotate, so that the drill bit and the beam shaping device rotate at the same speed, so that the relative positions of the two rectangular beams and the rectangular hole of the drill bit remain unchanged and are always inside the rectangular hole, and the drill bit and the laser rotate at the same speed to achieve heating of the processing area;

[0024] S4. With the downward feed of the Z-axis motion system and the rotation of the drill bit, coaxial auxiliary heating of the laser is achieved during the entire drilling process.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0026] The present invention uses laser to form two rectangular beams through a beam shaping device. The beam shaping device is connected to a tool sleeve. When the drill bit rotates rapidly, a circular laser spot is formed within the drilling range. The entire hole is laser-assisted heated, and material performance parameters are changed, thereby reducing the spindle cutting force, reducing tool wear, increasing tool life, and improving processing quality and processing efficiency. The output laser is coaxial with the drill bit, and the laser emission position is located at the drill bit back face, which does not participate in cutting and does not affect the drill bit centering. The chips are discharged through the front face, and the laser is not shielded by chips during transmission, thereby achieving laser-assisted heating during the entire drilling process. The drill bit and the drill rod are separated in structure, and drill bits of different materials can be replaced according to different materials. At the same time, tool wear is difficult to avoid during drilling. The separated structure only requires the replacement of the drill bit, thereby reducing processing costs.

[0027] The present invention arranges a rotating platform above the X-axis sliding platform, and drives the rotating platform to rotate by a third motor. By adjusting the angle of the rotating platform, the material can be processed by oblique holes to meet the processing requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is the overall structural diagram of the drilling processing device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling processing device of the present invention from a top view;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drilling processing device of the present invention from a front view perspective;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the drilling tool of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. optical transmission system; 11. laser generating system; 111. laser; 112. laser controller; 12. reflector group; 121. beam expander; 122. first reflector; 123. second reflector; 124. third reflector; 13. beam shaping device; 2. three-axis motion system; 21. Z-axis motion platform; 211. second motor; 212. Z-axis sliding platform; 213. Z-axis fixed frame; 214. first support; 215. second support; 22. X-axis motion system; 221. rotating platform; 222. third motor; 223. X-axis sliding platform; 23. Y-axis motion system; 231. Y-axis lead screw guide; 232. fifth motor; 233. Y-axis sliding platform; 234. Four motors; 3. Drilling system; 31. First gear device; 311. First motor; 312. First bearing sleeve; 313. First bearing; 314. First gear shaft; 315. First bevel gear; 316. Second bearing; 317. Second bearing sleeve; 32. Second gear device; 321. Third bearing sleeve; 322. Third bearing; 323. Fourth bearing sleeve; 324. Fourth bearing; 325. Second gear shaft; 326. Second bevel gear; 327. Linking shaft; 328. Tool sleeve; 33. Ultrasonic vibration device; 34. Drilling tool; 341. Drill bit; 342. Drill rod; 4. Frame; 41. Gantry; 42. Base; 5. Control device; 51. Support rod; 52. Third support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise explicitly stated in the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof;

[0036] This embodiment discloses a laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device, such as Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, it includes: an optical path transmission system 1, a three-axis motion system 2, a drilling system 3, a frame 4 and a control system; the frame 4 includes a gantry 41 and a base 42; the optical path transmission system 1 is arranged on the top of the gantry 41, and the three-axis motion system 2 and the control system are arranged on one side of the gantry 41;

[0037] The three-axis motion system 2 includes a Z-axis motion system, an X-axis motion system 22 and a Y-axis motion system 23, wherein the X-axis sliding platform 223 and the Y-axis sliding platform 233 are arranged on the base 42; the Z-axis motion system is composed of a second motor, a Z-axis sliding platform 212 and a Z-axis fixing frame 213, wherein the Z-axis sliding platform 212 is arranged at the top of one side of the gantry 41, and the second motor is arranged at the top of the Z-axis sliding platform 212, and the second motor drives the Z-axis sliding platform 212 through a screw mechanism;

[0038] The drilling system 3 is arranged on the Z-axis sliding platform 212, and is used to realize the coaxial transmission of the laser and process the workpiece; the drilling system 3 includes a first gear device 31, a second gear device 32, an ultrasonic vibration device 33 and a tool, one end of the first gear device 31 and the second gear device 32 are both arranged on the Z-axis sliding platform 212 through a Z-axis fixed frame 213, the other end of the first gear device 31 is provided with a second support 215, and the second gear device 32 is also connected to the Z-axis sliding platform 212 through a first support 214. The Z-axis sliding platform 212 is fixed, and the other end of the second gear device 32 is also provided with an ultrasonic vibration device 33, a tool sleeve 328 and a drilling tool 34. The ultrasonic vibration device 33 is arranged outside the tool sleeve 328 to generate vertical vibration, which is convenient for the discharge of chips and improves the processing quality; the drilling tool 34 is composed of a drill rod 342 and a drill bit 341. Two rectangular holes are opened inside the drill rod 342 and at the back face of the drill bit 341; the opening size and position are the same, and the rectangular holes are symmetrically distributed along the cross edge of the drill bit 341. The drill rod 342 and the drill bit 341 are connected by screws and can be replaced according to different processing materials.

[0039] Furthermore, the optical transmission system 1 comprises a laser generating system 11, a reflector group 12 and a beam shaping device 13, which are used to generate a light beam and adjust the light beam propagation path and the light beam shape;

[0040] The reflector group 12 includes a beam expander 121, a first reflector 122, a second reflector 123 and a third reflector 124, wherein the laser generating system 11, the beam expander 121, the first reflector 122 and the second reflector 123 are arranged on the top of the gantry 41, and the third reflector 124 is arranged on the top of the Z-axis sliding platform 212. The first reflector 122 and the second reflector 123 reflect the light beam horizontally, and the third reflector 124 adjusts the horizontal light beam to vertical light.

[0041] Furthermore, the laser generating system 11 includes a laser 111 and a laser controller 112 . The laser 111 is disposed above the gantry 41 , and the laser controller 112 is disposed on one side of the laser 111 .

[0042] Furthermore, the third reflector 124 , the beam shaping device 13 and the drilling tool 34 are coaxially arranged.

[0043] Further, the first gear device 31 includes a first motor 311, a first bearing sleeve 312, a first gear shaft 314, a first bevel gear 315, and a second bearing sleeve 317; the first motor 311 is arranged above the Z-axis sliding platform 212 and is connected to one end of the first gear shaft 314, the first bevel gear 315 is arranged in the middle of the first gear shaft 314, a first bearing 313 is arranged between the first gear shaft 314 and the Z-axis fixed frame 213, and a first bearing sleeve 312 is arranged between the first bearing 313 and the Z-axis fixed frame 213; a second bearing 316 is arranged between the other end of the first gear shaft 314 and the second support 215, and a second bearing sleeve 317 is arranged on the side of the second bearing 316 away from the first bevel gear 315.

[0044] Further, the second gear device 32 is composed of a third bearing sleeve 321, a fourth bearing sleeve 323, a second gear shaft 325, a second bevel gear 326, a link and a tool sleeve 328; the second bevel gear 326 is arranged in the middle of the second gear shaft 325, one end of the second gear shaft 325 is connected to the Z-axis sliding platform 212 through the Z-axis fixing frame 213, a first support 214 is arranged between the second bevel gear 326 and the Z-axis fixing frame 213, a third bearing 322 is arranged between the Z-axis fixing frame 213 and the second gear shaft 325, and a fourth bearing 324 is arranged between the first support 214 and the second gear shaft 325; a third bearing sleeve 321 is arranged on one side of the third bearing 322, and a fourth bearing sleeve 323 is arranged on one side of the fourth bearing 324

[0045] Furthermore, the tool sleeve 328 is connected to the second gear shaft 325 through a connecting shaft 327, and the core of the connecting shaft 327 is provided with a beam shaping device 13, which can drive the beam shaping device 13 and the drilling tool 34 to rotate at the same speed when the first motor 311 rotates; the cores of the second gear shaft 325, the connecting shaft 327 and the tool sleeve 328 are all provided with through holes, and the Z-axis sliding platform 212 corresponding to the axial position of the second gear shaft 325 is also provided with a through hole for passing the light beam.

[0046] Furthermore, the Y-axis motion system 23 consists of a Y-axis screw guide 231, a fifth motor 232, a Y-axis sliding platform 233 and a fourth motor 234; the Y-axis screw guide 231 is arranged on the base 42, the Y-axis sliding platform 233 is movably arranged above the Y-axis screw guide 231, a fifth motor 232 is arranged on one side of the Y-axis screw guide 231, and the fifth motor 232 drives the Y-axis sliding platform 233 to move through a screw mechanism; the fourth motor 234 is arranged on one side of the Y-axis sliding platform 233.

[0047] Furthermore, the X-axis motion system 22 is composed of a rotating platform 221, a third motor 222 and an X-axis sliding platform 223. The X-axis sliding platform 223 is movably arranged above the Y-axis sliding platform 233, and the fourth motor 234 drives the X-axis sliding platform 223 to move through a screw mechanism; a third motor 222 is arranged on one side of the X-axis sliding platform 223, and a rotating platform 221 is arranged above the X-axis sliding platform 223. The third motor 222 is used to drive the rotating platform 221 to rotate, so as to realize the processing of diagonal holes.

[0048] A control device 5 is also provided on one side of the gantry 41 . The control device 5 is fixedly connected to the gantry 41 through a support rod 51 and a third support 52 . The control device 5 is preferably a computer.

[0049] Before processing, start the control device 5 to control the second motor, the third motor 222, the fourth motor 234 and the fifth motor 232 to start, the fourth motor 234 drives the X-axis sliding platform 223 to move along the Y-axis sliding platform 233, the fifth motor 232 drives the Y-axis sliding platform 233 to move along the Y-axis lead screw guide 231, adjust the rotating platform 221 to be directly below the drilling tool 34, make the processing area coaxial with the drill bit 341, adjust the rotation angle of the rotating platform 221 to adapt to the processing of holes or corner holes, and the control device 5 controls the second motor to start, The Z-axis sliding platform 212 is driven to move along the Z-axis lead screw guide rail, and the Z-axis sliding platform 212 is adjusted so that the drilling tool 34 reaches a specific position for tool alignment; the laser controller 112 is controlled to start by the control device 5, so that the laser is emitted from the laser 111, and enters the beam shaping device 13 through the beam expander 121, the first reflector 122, the second reflector 123, and the third reflector 124, and forms two rectangular light beams through the beam shaping device 13, passes through the drill rod 342 and the drill bit 341 with two rectangular through holes, and emits two rectangular light spots in the processing area.

[0050] During processing, the control device 5 controls the first motor 311 to start, and drives the first bevel gear 315 to rotate through the first gear shaft 314. The first bevel gear 315 drives the second bevel gear 326 to rotate through the gear pair, thereby driving the link to rotate. Further, the beam shaping device 13 installed on the link is driven to rotate, so that the rectangular spot and the drilling tool 34 rotate at the same speed to achieve auxiliary heating of the processed surface. The control device 5 controls the second motor to feed in the vertical direction during the processing to complete the laser coaxial auxiliary heat drilling of the entire hole.

[0051] After the processing is completed, the control device 5 controls the first motor 311 to pull the drilling tool 34 out of the workpiece, and the processing is completed.

[0052] The present invention also provides a working method of a laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. The workpiece is placed on the rotating platform 221. By adjusting the X-axis motion system 22 and the Y-axis motion system 23, the hole processing area is made coaxial with the drill bit 341, and the angle of the rotating platform 221 is adjusted to meet the processing requirements;

[0054] S2, turn on the laser 111 and the beam shaping device 13, the laser is beam shaped by the reflector and the beam shaping device 13, and two rectangular beams are emitted through the hollow tool sleeve 328, the drill rod 342 and the drill bit 341;

[0055] S3, start the first motor 311, the first motor 311 drives the first bevel gear 315 to rotate, drives the second bevel gear 326 to rotate, so that the drill bit 341 and the beam shaping device 13 rotate at the same speed, so that the relative positions of the two rectangular beams and the rectangular hole of the drill bit 341 remain unchanged and are always inside the rectangular hole, and the drill bit 341 rotates at the same speed as the laser, so as to heat the processing area;

[0056] S4. With the downward feeding of the Z-axis motion system and the rotation of the drill bit 341, coaxial auxiliary heating of the laser is achieved during the entire drilling process.

[0057] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device, characterized in that: include: Optical transmission system, three-axis motion system, drilling system, rack and control system; The frame includes a gantry and a base; the optical transmission system is arranged on the top of the gantry, and the three-axis motion system and control system are arranged on one side of the gantry; The three-axis motion system includes a Z-axis motion system, an X-axis motion system and a Y-axis motion system, wherein the X-axis sliding platform and the Y-axis sliding platform are arranged on the base; the Z-axis motion system is composed of a second motor, a Z-axis sliding platform and a Z-axis fixed frame, wherein the Z-axis sliding platform is arranged on the top of one side of the gantry, and the second motor is arranged on the top of the Z-axis sliding platform, and the second motor drives the Z-axis sliding platform through a screw mechanism; The drilling system is arranged on the Z-axis sliding platform, and the drilling system includes a first gear device, a second gear device, an ultrasonic vibration device and a tool. One end of the first gear device and the second gear device are both arranged on the Z-axis sliding platform through a Z-axis fixing frame, and the other end of the first gear device is provided with a second support. The second gear device is also fixed to the Z-axis sliding platform through the first support. The other end of the second gear device is also provided with an ultrasonic vibration device, a tool sleeve and a drilling tool, and the ultrasonic vibration device is arranged on the outside of the tool sleeve; the drilling tool consists of a drill rod and a drill bit, and two rectangular holes are opened inside the drill rod and at the back face of the drill bit.

2. A laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The optical transmission system comprises a laser generating system, a reflector group and a beam shaping device, which is used to generate a light beam and adjust the light beam propagation path and the shape of the light beam; The reflector group includes a beam expander, a first reflector, a second reflector and a third reflector, wherein the laser generating system, the beam expander, the first reflector and the second reflector are arranged on the top of the gantry, and the third reflector is arranged on the top of the Z-axis sliding platform. The first reflector and the second reflector reflect the light beam horizontally, and the third reflector adjusts the horizontal light beam into vertical light.

3. The laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser generating system comprises a laser and a laser controller. The laser is arranged above the gantry, and the laser controller is arranged at one side of the laser.

4. The laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third reflector, the beam shaping device and the drilling tool are coaxially arranged.

5. The laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gear device includes a first motor, a first bearing sleeve, a first gear shaft, a first bevel gear, and a second bearing sleeve; the first motor is arranged above the Z-axis sliding platform and is connected to one end of the first gear shaft, the first bevel gear is arranged in the middle of the first gear shaft, a first bearing is arranged between the first gear shaft and the Z-axis fixing frame, and a first bearing sleeve is arranged between the first bearing and the Z-axis fixing frame; a second bearing is arranged between the other end of the first gear shaft and the second support, and a second bearing sleeve is arranged on the side of the second bearing away from the first bevel gear.

6. The laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second gear device is composed of a third bearing sleeve, a fourth bearing sleeve, a second gear shaft, a second bevel gear, a link and a tool sleeve; the second bevel gear is arranged in the middle of the second gear shaft, one end of the second gear shaft is connected to the Z-axis sliding platform through a Z-axis fixing frame, a first support is arranged between the second bevel gear and the Z-axis fixing frame, a third bearing is arranged between the Z-axis fixing frame and the second gear shaft, and a fourth bearing is arranged between the first support and the second gear shaft; a third bearing sleeve is arranged on one side of the third bearing, and a fourth bearing sleeve is arranged on one side of the fourth bearing.

7. The laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tool sleeve is connected to the second gear shaft through a connecting shaft, and a beam shaping device is provided at the core of the connecting shaft; the core of the second gear shaft, the connecting shaft and the tool sleeve are all provided with through holes, and a through hole is also provided on the Z-axis sliding platform corresponding to the axial position of the second gear shaft for passing the light beam.

8. The laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis motion system consists of a Y-axis screw guide, a fifth motor, a Y-axis sliding platform and a fourth motor; the Y-axis screw guide is arranged on the base, the Y-axis sliding platform is movably arranged above the Y-axis screw guide, a fifth motor is arranged on one side of the Y-axis screw guide, and the fifth motor drives the Y-axis sliding platform to move through a screw mechanism; the fourth motor is arranged on one side of the Y-axis sliding platform.

9. The laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The X-axis motion system consists of a rotating platform, a third motor and an X-axis sliding platform. The X-axis sliding platform is movably arranged above the Y-axis sliding platform, and the fourth motor drives the X-axis sliding platform to move through a screw mechanism; a third motor is arranged on one side of the X-axis sliding platform, and a rotating platform is arranged above the X-axis sliding platform, and the third motor is used to drive the rotating platform to rotate.

10. A working method of a laser coaxial heat-assisted drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The workpiece is placed on a rotating platform. By adjusting the X-axis motion system and the Y-axis motion system, the hole processing area is made coaxial with the drill bit, and the angle of the rotating platform is adjusted to meet the processing requirements; S2, turn on the laser and the beam shaping device, the laser is beam shaped by the reflector and the beam shaping device, and two rectangular beams are emitted through the hollow tool sleeve, the drill rod and the drill bit; S3, start the first motor, the first motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate, drives the second bevel gear to rotate, so that the drill bit and the beam shaping device rotate at the same speed, so that the relative positions of the two rectangular beams and the rectangular hole of the drill bit remain unchanged and are always inside the rectangular hole, and the drill bit and the laser rotate at the same speed to achieve heating of the processing area; S4. With the downward feed of the Z-axis motion system and the rotation of the drill bit, coaxial auxiliary heating of the laser is achieved during the entire drilling process.

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