Grab ship unloader dust suppression device and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a grab ship unloader dust suppression device and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of bulk cargo wharf grab ship unloaders, the grab ship unloader dust suppression device comprises a passive dust suppression device and an active dust suppression device; the passive dust suppression device comprises dust suppression protective covers arranged on the two sides of the hopper layer. The active dust suppression device comprises a watering dust suppression unit, a negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) control unit; the watering dust suppression unit is arranged on a feeding layer of the grab ship unloader, and dust suppression is achieved through pressurization watering; the negative-pressure wet-type dust suppression units are arranged on the two sides of a hopper of the hopper layer; the PLC control unit is arranged in a PLC chamber and used for controlling the watering dust suppression unit and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit to achieve dust suppression of the ship unloader. The device is simple in structure, low in cost, high in practicability, environmentally friendly and high in dust suppression capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grab ship unloaders for bulk material terminals, and in particular to a dust suppression device and a control method for grab ship unloaders. Background Art

[0002] As an important loading and unloading equipment at bulk material terminals, grab ship unloaders use grabs to grab materials from the cabin to the top of the grab ship unloader hopper, and then the bulk materials are dumped into the hopper, and then transmitted to the terminal material conveyor belt through the material conveying path under the hopper to complete the bulk material unloading process. The semi-open hopper structure and dumping loading and unloading method inevitably make the hopper area a high-concentration dust area, and the diffused dust will cause a certain degree of pollution to the surrounding environment. In order to improve the environmental performance of the equipment and reduce the dust pollution generated, conventional grab ship unloaders are equipped with water sprinkling dust suppression or high-pressure micro-mist dust suppression devices in the hopper area. When the grab opens the bucket to dump materials above the hopper, the water sprinkling dust suppression or spray dust suppression function is activated to suppress the generation of dust. However, due to water cost considerations, the water sprinkling dust suppression or spray dust suppression functions in the above methods are often only operated during the grab bucket opening and dumping stage where high-concentration dust will be generated, and there are no corresponding dust suppression measures in other stages. As national environmental protection standards become increasingly stringent, how to further improve the dust suppression capability of the entire work process of grab ship unloaders is a major challenge facing major OEMs and bulk cargo terminals. Summary of the invention

[0003] According to the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology, a dust suppression device and control method for a grab ship unloader are provided to construct the dust suppression function of the whole working process of the grab ship unloader and improve the overall dust suppression ability of the grab ship unloader. The present invention configures two sets of dust removal devices, namely water spraying dust removal and negative pressure wet dust removal, in the high dust area of ​​the grab ship unloader hopper layer, and matches the start and stop control of the two sets of dust removal devices with the operating state of the grab ship unloader, thereby constructing the dust suppression function of the whole working process of the grab ship unloader without increasing the water consumption. In addition, dust suppression protective covers are added on the left and right sides of the grab ship unloader hopper layer to further improve the overall dust suppression ability of the grab ship unloader.

[0004] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A dust suppression device for a grab ship unloader, comprising: a passive dust suppression device and an active dust suppression device;

[0006] The passive dust suppression device comprises: dust suppression protective covers arranged on both sides of the hopper layer;

[0007] The active dust suppression device includes: a water sprinkling dust suppression unit, a negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and a PLC control unit; the water sprinkling dust suppression unit is arranged at the feeding layer of the grab ship unloader, and dust is suppressed by pressurized water sprinkling; the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is arranged on both sides of the hopper of the hopper layer; the PLC control unit is arranged in the PLC room, and is used to control the water sprinkling dust suppression unit and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit to achieve dust suppression of the ship unloader.

[0008] Furthermore, the water sprinkling and dust suppression unit includes: a water tank, a water pump I, a water sprinkling valve and a water sprinkling nozzle; the water tank stores water for sprinkling and dust suppression; the water pump I is used to pressurize the water sprinkling pipeline; the water sprinkling valve is arranged on both sides of the hopper, and is used to spray the high-pressure water in the water sprinkling pipeline into the hopper through the water sprinkling nozzles located on the walls on both sides of the hopper to suppress dust.

[0009] Furthermore, the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit includes: a fan, an air duct and a wet dust suppression box; the fan is arranged on both sides of the hopper, and is used to suck the air in the hopper into the wet dust suppression boxes on the left and right sides of the hopper through the air ducts on the left and right sides of the hopper, so that a slight negative pressure is formed in the hopper to prevent dust from drifting out of the hopper; the air duct is arranged on both sides of the bottom of the hopper, and is used to transport the dust-mixed air sucked in by the fan to the wet dust suppression boxes on the left and right sides of the hopper.

[0010] Furthermore, a water pump II is arranged in the wet dust suppression box; the water pump II drives the water in the box to move at a high speed, forming a wet environment.

[0011] Furthermore, the PLC control unit includes: a PLC module and a DO module; the PLC module is used to control the start and stop states of the water sprinkler dust suppression unit and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit to match the operating state of the grab ship unloader; the DO module is used to directly control the water pump I and valve in the water sprinkler dust suppression device and the fan and water pump II in the negative pressure wet dust suppression device.

[0012] The present invention also includes a method for controlling a dust suppression device of a grab ship unloader, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: After the grab ship unloader is powered on, the dust suppression device is activated;

[0014] Step 2: The negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is controlled by the PLC control unit to form a slight negative pressure in the hopper, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts to filter the dust in the air in the hopper area;

[0015] Step 3: When the grab bucket reaches the hopper area and is about to open after taking the material, the PLC control unit stops the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and starts the watering dust suppression unit. The watering nozzles on the side wall of the hopper start to spray water to suppress dust.

[0016] Step 4: The driver's cab operates the grab bucket to open and unload materials in the hopper area, controls the grab bucket to leave the hopper, and the PLC control unit controls the start of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and stops the watering dust suppression unit. A slight negative pressure is formed in the hopper again, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts to filter the dust in the air in the hopper area;

[0017] Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 until the unloading operation is completed.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 3, the method for calculating the stopping time of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and the starting time of the water sprinkling dust suppression unit is:

[0019] When S TR HP +L*cosΦ, the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts; when the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts T DS After that, the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit stops; among them, S TR Indicates the real-time position value of the trolley hanging the grab bucket, S HP Indicates the position value of the sea side edge of the hopper; when the trolley hanging the grab bucket moves to the sea side edge of the hopper, S TR HP When S is reached, the grab bucket begins to open and dust begins to be suppressed. Since the water sprinkler and dust suppression unit needs a pressurization process from starting to spraying, the distance L*cosΦ is added as the advance amount; where L is the length of the wire rope hanging the grab bucket, and Φ is the maximum design angle of the bucket throwing material; when S TR HP +L*cosΦ, the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts; sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts T DS After that, the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit stops; among them, T DS Indicates the time required for the sprinkler and dust suppression unit to be pressurized and started.

[0020] Furthermore, the maximum design angle of the throwing bucket is 20° to 30°.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 4, the calculation method of the stopping time of the water sprinkling dust suppression unit and the starting time of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is:

[0022] When the grab is fully opened, the delay T G , the watering dust suppression unit stops, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts; among them, T G Indicates the time required for the dust-water mixture to fall freely at the highest point in the hopper:

[0023] T G =(2*H / g) 0.5 ;

[0024] Where H is the height of the hopper side wall and g is the acceleration due to gravity. ​​​

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] The device of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, strong practicability, environmental protection and strong dust suppression capability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the passive dust suppression device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the active dust suppression device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the water sprinkling and dust suppression unit of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is the layout diagram of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the PLC control unit of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the dust suppression device control method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0036] The present invention provides a dust suppression device for a grab ship unloader, comprising: a passive dust suppression device and an active dust suppression device;

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the passive dust suppression device includes: dust suppression protective covers arranged on both sides of the hopper layer. The dust suppression protective covers are made of steel fine mesh material, which can reduce wind resistance as much as possible while ensuring structural strength. When dust is scattered and contacts the dust suppression protective covers, it will be blocked by the dust suppression protective covers to prevent further diffusion. Then, the dust can be cleaned and recovered by disassembly cleaning or water gun flushing.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the active dust suppression device includes: a water sprinkling dust suppression unit, a negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and a PLC control unit; the water sprinkling dust suppression unit is arranged at the feeding layer of the grab ship unloader, and dust is suppressed by pressurized water sprinkling; the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is arranged on both sides of the hopper of the hopper layer; the PLC control unit is arranged in the PLC room, and is used to control the water sprinkling dust suppression unit and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit to achieve dust suppression of the ship unloader.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the water sprinkling and dust suppression unit includes: a water tank, a water pump I, a water sprinkling valve and a water sprinkling nozzle; the water tank stores water for sprinkling and dust suppression; the water pump I is used to pressurize the water sprinkling pipeline; the water sprinkling valve is arranged on both sides of the hopper, and is used to spray the high-pressure water in the water sprinkling pipeline into the hopper through the water sprinkling nozzles located on the walls on both sides of the hopper to suppress dust.

[0040] like Figure 4As shown, the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit includes: a fan, an air duct and a wet dust suppression box; the fan is arranged on both sides of the hopper, and is used to suck the air in the hopper into the wet dust suppression boxes on the left and right sides of the hopper through the air ducts on the left and right sides of the hopper, so that a slight negative pressure is formed in the hopper to prevent dust from drifting out of the hopper; the air duct is arranged on both sides of the bottom of the hopper, and is used to transport the dust-mixed air sucked by the fan to the wet dust suppression boxes on the left and right sides of the hopper. A water pump II is arranged in the wet dust suppression box; the water pump II drives the water in the box to move at a high speed, forming a wet environment, and the input air mixed with dust contacts the water particles in the wet environment in the box, so as to separate the dust from the air. The separated dust accumulates to the bottom of the box due to its own weight, and then the dust is cleaned and recovered regularly.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the PLC control unit includes: a PLC module and a DO module; the PLC module is used to control the start and stop states of the water sprinkler dust suppression unit and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit to match the operating state of the grab ship unloader; the DO module is used to directly control the water pump I and valve in the water sprinkler dust suppression device and the fan and water pump II in the negative pressure wet dust suppression device.

[0042] The present invention also includes a method for controlling a dust suppression device of a grab ship unloader, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: After the grab ship unloader is powered on, the dust suppression device is activated;

[0044] Step 2: The negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is controlled by the PLC control unit to form a slight negative pressure in the hopper, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts to filter the dust in the air in the hopper area;

[0045] Step 3: When the grab bucket is about to open the bucket after taking the material, the PLC control unit controls the stop of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit, starts the watering dust suppression unit, and the watering nozzles on the side wall of the hopper start to spray water to suppress dust; the calculation method for the stop time of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and the start time of the watering dust suppression unit is:

[0046] When S TR HP +L*cosΦ, the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts; when the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts T DS After that, the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit stops;

[0047] Among them, S TR Indicates the real-time position value of the trolley hanging the grab bucket, S HP Indicates the position value of the sea side edge of the hopper;

[0048] When the trolley hanging the grab bucket moves to the edge of the bucket sea side, S TR ​HP When the grab bucket starts to open, dust starts to be suppressed. Since the water sprinkler dust suppression unit needs a pressurization process from starting to spraying, the L*cosΦ distance is increased as the advance amount.

[0049] Among them, L represents the swing length of the wire rope hanging the grab bucket, Φ represents the maximum design angle of the grab bucket throwing materials; the maximum design angle of the grab bucket throwing materials is 20°~30°.

[0050] When S TR HP +L*cosΦ, the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts; sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts T DS After that, the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit stops, so that the sprinkler dust suppression unit and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit can work seamlessly, while preventing the negative pressure wet dust suppression from stopping too late, causing the spray water of the sprinkler dust suppression unit to enter the negative pressure wet dust suppression system channel;

[0051] Among them, T DS Indicates the time required for the sprinkler and dust suppression unit to be pressurized and started.

[0052] Step 4: The driver's cab operates the grab bucket to open and unload materials in the hopper area, controls the grab bucket to leave the hopper, and the PLC control unit controls the start of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and stops the water dust suppression unit. A slight negative pressure is formed in the hopper again, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts to filter the dust in the air in the hopper area. The calculation method for the stop time of the water dust suppression unit and the start time of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is:

[0053] When the grab is fully opened, the delay T G , the watering dust suppression unit stops, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts;

[0054] Among them, T G Indicates the time required for the dust-water mixture to fall freely at the highest point in the hopper:

[0055] T G =(2*H / g) 0.5 ;

[0056] Where H is the height of the hopper side wall and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0057] Delay T after grab is fully opened G The method of stopping the watering dust suppression unit and starting the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit at the same time can make the function switching of the two seamless. At the same time, during the delay process, most of the dust and water mixture in the hopper has fallen onto the material surface in the hopper through free fall, avoiding the dust and water mixture from being sucked into the negative pressure wet dust suppression system channel after the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is started.

[0058] Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 until the unloading operation is completed.​​

[0059] Example:

[0060] Taking the 1500t / h grab ship unloader product as an example, the dust suppression device and its control method are described. Figure 6 As shown:

[0061] The dust suppression device control method process is as follows Figure 6 As shown: After the grab ship unloader starts to operate and is powered on, the dust suppression function is automatically activated. The PLC control unit controls the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit to work, a slight negative pressure is formed in the hopper, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts to filter the dust in the hopper area. Then during the operation of the grab ship unloader, the PLC control unit monitors the operation of the grab in real time. When the PLC control unit detects that the grab is about to open the hopper area after taking the material, the PLC control unit controls the stop of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit, starts the watering dust suppression unit, and the watering nozzles on the side wall of the hopper start to spray water to suppress dust. When the PLC control unit detects that the driver's cab operates the grab to open the hopper area to unload materials and controls the grab to leave the hopper, the PLC control unit controls the start of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit, stops the watering dust suppression unit, and forms a slight negative pressure in the hopper again, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts to filter the dust in the hopper area. Repeat the above steps until the ship unloading operation is completed and the dust suppression function stops.

[0062] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. In the above embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for a grab ship unloader, characterized in that: include: Passive dust suppression devices and active dust suppression devices; The passive dust suppression device comprises: dust suppression protective covers arranged on both sides of the hopper layer; The active dust suppression device includes: a water sprinkling dust suppression unit, a negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and a PLC control unit; the water sprinkling dust suppression unit is arranged at the feeding layer of the grab ship unloader, and dust is suppressed by pressurized water sprinkling; the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is arranged on both sides of the hopper of the hopper layer; the PLC control unit is arranged in the PLC room, and is used to control the water sprinkling dust suppression unit and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit to achieve dust suppression of the ship unloader.

2. A dust suppression device for grab ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The watering and dust suppression unit comprises: a water tank, a water pump I, a watering valve and a watering nozzle; The water tank stores water for sprinkling and dust suppression; the water pump I is used to pressurize the sprinkler pipeline; the sprinkler valve is arranged on both sides of the hopper, and is used to spray the high-pressure water in the sprinkler pipeline into the hopper through the sprinkler nozzles located on the walls on both sides of the hopper to suppress dust.

3. The dust suppression device for grab ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure wet dust suppression unit comprises: a fan, an air duct and a wet dust suppression box; The fan is arranged on both sides of the hopper, and is used to suck the air in the hopper into the wet dust suppression boxes on the left and right sides of the hopper through the air duct management on the left and right sides of the hopper, so as to form a slight negative pressure in the hopper to prevent dust from drifting out of the hopper; the air duct pipeline is arranged on both sides of the bottom of the hopper, and is used to transport the air mixed with dust sucked by the fan to the wet dust suppression boxes on the left and right sides of the hopper.

4. A dust suppression device for grab ship unloader according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water pump II is arranged in the wet dust suppression box; the water pump II drives the water in the box to move at a high speed, forming a wet environment.

5. The dust suppression device for grab ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC control unit includes: a PLC module and a DO module; The PLC module is used to control the start and stop states of the water sprinkling dust suppression unit and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit to match the operating state of the grab ship unloader; the DO module is used to directly control the water pump I and valve in the water sprinkling dust suppression device and the fan and water pump II in the negative pressure wet dust suppression device.

6. A method for controlling a dust suppression device of a grab ship unloader, using the device described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: After the grab ship unloader is powered on, the dust suppression device is activated; Step 2: The negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is controlled by the PLC control unit to form a slight negative pressure in the hopper, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts to filter the dust in the air in the hopper area; Step 3: When the grab bucket is about to open the hopper area after taking the material, the PLC control unit stops the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit, starts the watering dust suppression unit, and the watering nozzles on the side wall of the hopper start to spray water to suppress dust; Step 4: The driver's cab operates the grab bucket to open and unload materials in the hopper area, controls the grab bucket to leave the hopper, and the PLC control unit controls the start of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and stops the watering dust suppression unit. A slight negative pressure is formed in the hopper again, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts to filter the dust in the air in the hopper area; Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 until the unloading operation is completed.

7. A dust suppression device control method for a grab ship unloader according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the method for calculating the stopping time of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit and the starting time of the water sprinkling dust suppression unit is: When S TR HP +L*cosΦ, the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts; when the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts T DS After that, the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit stops;​ Among them, S TR Indicates the real-time position value of the trolley hanging the grab bucket, S HP Indicates the position value of the sea side edge of the hopper; When the trolley hanging the grab bucket moves to the edge of the bucket sea side, S TR HP When the grab bucket starts to open, dust starts to be suppressed. Since the water sprinkler dust suppression unit needs a pressurization process from starting to spraying, the L*cosΦ distance is increased as the advance amount.​ Among them, L represents the swing length of the wire rope hanging the grab bucket, and Φ represents the maximum design angle of the bucket throwing materials; When S TR HP +L*cosΦ, the sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts; sprinkler and dust suppression unit starts T DS After that, the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit stops;​ Among them, T DS Indicates the time required for the sprinkler and dust suppression unit to be pressurized and started.

8. A method for controlling a dust suppression device of a grab ship unloader according to claim 7, characterized in that: The maximum design angle of the throwing bucket is 20° to 30°.

9. A method for controlling a dust suppression device of a grab ship unloader according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4, the method for calculating the stopping time of the water sprinkling dust suppression unit and the starting time of the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit is: When the grab is fully opened, the delay T G , the watering dust suppression unit stops, and the negative pressure wet dust suppression unit starts; Among them, T G Indicates the time required for the dust-water mixture to fall freely at the highest point in the hopper: T G =(2*H / g) 0.5 ; Where H is the height of the hopper side wall and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

Images