Aerobic composting device for efficiently degrading and converting waste straws regulated and controlled by microbial flora

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural waste degradation, and discloses a microbial flora regulated aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straws, the microbial flora regulated aerobic composting device comprises a reaction cabin, a mixing mechanism is arranged in the reaction cabin, the mixing mechanism is used for mixing and stirring straws and auxiliary materials, a heat recovery mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the reaction cabin, and the heat recovery mechanism is used for recovering heat from the reaction cabin. The pretreatment box is installed on the top of the reaction cabin and used for conducting chopping pretreatment on straw and auxiliary materials, a plurality of conveying pipes and a water tank are fixed to the end, away from the pretreatment box, of the reaction cabin, and the water tank is installed on the right side of the reaction cabin. Through cooperative work of the mixing mechanism and the spraying assembly, straw and a microbial agent are fully mixed in the reaction cabin, meanwhile, water mist is evenly sprayed through the spraying assembly, a proper humidity condition is provided for microorganisms, the local anaerobic problem is avoided, and therefore the composting process is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural waste degradation, in particular to an aerobic composting device for efficiently degrading and transforming waste straw regulated by microbial flora. Background Art

[0002] Waste straw refers to the remaining stems and leaves after the harvest of crops. It mainly contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and is an agricultural by-product. Traditionally, it is often burned, causing air pollution and waste of resources. Through modern technology, waste straw can be used as a resource, such as converted into organic fertilizer, biofuel, livestock feed or industrial raw materials, which not only reduces environmental pollution, but also promotes circular economy and sustainable development.

[0003] Aerobic composting refers to the biological treatment process of converting organic waste into stable organic matter by microorganisms under aerobic conditions. During the composting process, microorganisms use oxygen as an electron acceptor to carry out metabolic activities, release heat, increase the temperature of the compost, and then kill pathogens and weed seeds, and finally generate safe and nutrient-rich organic fertilizer. Aerobic composting requires the use of an aerobic composting device, which uses a specific microbial flora to biodegrade straw and convert it into organic fertilizer or other valuable resources.

[0004] The stirring device of traditional composting equipment rotates in one direction or only performs simple mechanical turning, lacking a multi-dimensional stirring function, resulting in insufficient turning of the upper and lower layers of the material, and some straw cannot effectively contact the microbial agent, extending the degradation cycle, and some equipment cannot perform corresponding precipitation spraying according to the stirring device, thereby forming local anaerobic conditions, resulting in a decrease in the mixing effect efficiency. To this end, the present invention provides an aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and transformation of waste straw regulated by a microbial flora to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora, which solves the problem of low degradation efficiency caused by anaerobic conditions between straw and microbial flora due to uneven mixing or insufficient humidity in traditional composting devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora, comprising:

[0007] A reaction chamber, wherein a mixing mechanism is provided inside the reaction chamber, and the mixing mechanism is used to mix and stir the straw and auxiliary materials, and a heat recovery mechanism is provided on the periphery of the reaction chamber;

[0008] A pre-processing box, which is installed on the top of the reaction chamber and is used for shredding and pre-processing the straw and auxiliary materials. A plurality of feed pipes are fixed to one end of the reaction chamber away from the pre-processing box;

[0009] A water tank, the water tank being installed on the right side of the reaction chamber;

[0010] A heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being installed on a side of the reaction chamber away from the water tank;

[0011] A compost collection box, the compost collection box is used to collect the degraded and converted compost, a filter box is installed on one side of the compost collection box close to the reaction chamber, two sieve plates are slidably arranged inside the filter box, and a sieve mechanism is arranged on one side of the filter box;

[0012] The mixing mechanism includes a motor 1, which is installed on the rear side of the reaction chamber, a gear 1 is fixed to the output end of the motor 1, a planet carrier is fixed to the outer periphery of the output end of the motor 1, a gear ring is fixed to the side of the planet carrier away from the motor 1, two gears 2 are rotated in the middle of the side of the planet carrier close to the gear ring, and the gears 2 are meshed with the gear 1 and the gear ring, a stirring fan is fixed to the side of the gear 2 close to the reaction chamber, a drive shaft is fixed to the side of the gear 1 close to the reaction chamber, and a spray assembly is provided at the end of the drive shaft away from the gear 1.

[0013] Preferably, the heat recovery mechanism includes a heat insulation plate, which is installed on the periphery of the reaction chamber, and a heat collection pipe is arranged inside the heat insulation plate, and the heat collection pipe is sleeved on the periphery of the reaction chamber, and circulation pipes are fixed to the front and rear ends of the heat collection pipe, and one end of the circulation pipe away from the heat collection pipe is installed at the front and rear ends of the heat exchanger, and steam pipes are also installed at the front and rear ends of the heat exchanger, and one end of the steam pipe away from the heat exchanger is installed on the side of the pretreatment box close to the heat exchanger.

[0014] Preferably, the screening mechanism includes a rotating rod, which rotates on the left side inside the filter box, and movable blocks are slidably provided at both upper and lower ends of the rotating rod close to the screening plate. A gear three is fixed to the end of the rotating rod away from the screening plate, a rack is provided at the bottom of the gear three, and the gear three is meshed with the rack. A driving assembly is provided on the side of the rack away from the gear three.

[0015] Preferably, a recovery box is provided on one side of the compost collection box close to the water tank, and two cleaning mechanisms are also provided inside the filter box.

[0016] Preferably, the spray assembly includes a rotating plate, which is installed at the end of the driving shaft away from the gear, an output pipe is fixed to the middle of the end of the rotating plate away from the driving shaft, a rotating tube is rotated on the outer periphery of the end of the output pipe away from the rotating plate, an input pipe is installed inside the end of the rotating tube away from the output pipe, and the end of the input pipe away from the rotating tube is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, a plurality of spray plates evenly distributed in a circle are fixed to the side of the rotating plate close to the driving shaft, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are arranged on the outer periphery of the spray plate.

[0017] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes an electric push rod, which is fixed on the left side inside the filter box, a movable plate is fixed on the side of the electric push rod close to the screen plate, a connecting rod slides inside the movable plate, a push plate is fixed on the side of the connecting rod close to the screen plate, and a support assembly is provided on the side of the connecting rod away from the push plate.

[0018] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a driving block, and the driving block is installed on the end of the rack away from the gear three, the driving block is provided with a driving arm for rotation on the side away from the screen plate, and the driving arm is provided with a turntable for rotation on the end away from the driving block, the filter box is provided with a motor two on the side away from the recovery box, and the turntable is fixed on the output end of the motor two at one end away from the driving block.

[0019] Preferably, the support assembly comprises a limit plate, the limit plate is fixed to a side of the connecting rod away from the push plate, and a damping rod is fixed to one end of the limit plate away from the connecting rod.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the feed pipe away from the reaction chamber is fixed to the filter box, and an air pipe is provided at the bottom of the rear end of the reaction chamber.

[0021] The present invention also provides an aerobic composting method for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1, straw and microbial agents enter the pretreatment box together, and are mechanically crushed to improve the efficiency of straw degradation;

[0023] S2, the crushed pre-treated straw and microbial agent enter the reaction chamber, where they are mixed by the stirring fan and sprayed with water mist evenly by the spray plate to optimize the activity of microorganisms;

[0024] S3. Microorganisms decompose cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the reaction chamber, generating heat that gradually increases the temperature of the reaction chamber;

[0025] S4, recovering the heat in the reaction chamber through the heat insulation plate and the heat exchanger and transporting it to the pretreatment box for steam softening;

[0026] S5. The degraded compost enters the filter box through the feed pipe, and the screening plate grades the compost to screen out the incompletely degraded materials;

[0027] S6. The materials that have not passed the screening are pushed into the recovery box by the push plate and transported back to the pre-treatment box for secondary treatment.

[0028] The present invention provides an aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention achieves sufficient mixing of straw and microbial agents in the reaction chamber through the cooperation of the mixing mechanism and the spraying assembly. At the same time, the spraying assembly evenly sprays water mist to provide suitable humidity conditions for the microorganisms, thereby avoiding the influence of material drying on the activity of the microorganisms. The periodic rotation and revolution of the mixing mechanism ensure uniform mixing of the materials and avoid local anaerobic problems, thereby optimizing the composting process. This design solves the problem of low degradation efficiency caused by uneven mixing or insufficient humidity in traditional composting devices, and greatly improves the composting efficiency and quality.

[0030] 2. The present invention realizes efficient recovery and reuse of heat in the composting process through a heat recovery mechanism. The heat generated during the microbial degradation of straw is recovered by the heat recovery mechanism and used in the steam softening process of the straw in the pretreatment box, thereby reducing the use of external energy and solving the problem of heat waste in traditional systems. It not only reduces the overall energy consumption, but also further improves the straw pretreatment efficiency, creating more favorable conditions for subsequent composting reactions.

[0031] 3. The present invention controls the reciprocating movement of two screening plates through a screening mechanism to perform graded processing on the compost, screens out incompletely degraded materials, and collects the incompletely degraded materials through a cleaning mechanism and returns them to the pretreatment box for degradation. At the same time, it solves the problem of waste of incompletely degraded materials in traditional composting devices and improves the resource utilization and operation efficiency of the entire equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reaction chamber of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat collection pipeline of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5It is a schematic structural diagram of the gear ring of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the screening plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rack of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the damping rod of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas transmission pipe of the present invention.

[0041] Among them, 1. reaction chamber; 2. mixing mechanism; 201. motor 1; 202. gear 1; 203. gear 2; 204. gear ring; 205. planetary frame; 206. stirring fan; 207. drive shaft; 3. spray assembly; 301. rotating plate; 302. input pipe; 303. rotating pipe; 304. output pipe; 305. spray plate; 306. atomizing nozzle; 4. heat recovery mechanism; 401. insulation board; 402. heat collection pipeline; 403. circulation pipeline; 404. steam pipeline; 5. screening mechanism; 501. rotating rod; 502. heat recovery mechanism; 503. circulation pipeline; 504. steam pipeline; 505. 02. movable block; 503. gear three; 504. rack; 6. drive assembly; 601. motor two; 602. turntable; 603. drive arm; 604. drive block; 7. cleaning mechanism; 701. electric push rod; 702. movable plate; 703. connecting rod; 704. push plate; 8. support assembly; 801. damping rod; 802. limit plate; 9. pretreatment box; 10. water tank; 11. compost collection box; 12. recycling box; 13. filter box; 14. heat exchanger; 15. screening plate; 16. gas pipe; 17. feed pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Please see attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 , Attachment Fig. 9 The embodiment of the present invention provides an aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora, comprising:

[0044] A reaction chamber 1 is provided for providing a chamber for microorganisms to degrade straw. A mixing mechanism 2 is provided inside the reaction chamber 1 for mixing and stirring the straw and auxiliary materials. A heat recovery mechanism 4 is provided on the periphery of the reaction chamber 1. A gas pipe 16 is provided at the bottom of the rear end of the reaction chamber 1 for delivering oxygen into the reaction chamber 1.

[0045] A pretreatment box 9 is installed on the top of the reaction chamber 1. The pretreatment box 9 is used to shred and pre-treat the straw and auxiliary materials. A plurality of conveying pipes 17 are fixed to one end of the reaction chamber 1 away from the pretreatment box 9. The conveying pipes 17 are used to convey the degraded compost and are provided with an electric switch;

[0046] A water tank 10 is installed on the right side of the reaction chamber 1 and is used to transport spray water to the interior of the reaction chamber 1;

[0047] A heat exchanger 14, which is installed on a side of the reaction chamber 1 away from the water tank 10;

[0048] A compost collecting box 11 is used to collect the degraded and converted compost. A filter box 13 is installed on the side of the compost collecting box 11 close to the reaction chamber 1. The end of the feed pipe 17 away from the reaction chamber 1 is fixed to the filter box 13. Two sieve plates 15 are slidably arranged inside the filter box 13. A sieve mechanism 5 is arranged on one side of the filter box 13.

[0049] Please see attached Figure 3 - Attachment Figure 5The mixing mechanism 2 includes a motor 201, which is installed at the rear side of the reaction chamber 1. The motor 201 is a driving source and provides power. The motor 201 is a Y series three-phase asynchronous motor. A gear 202 is fixed to the output end of the motor 201. A planet carrier 205 is fixed to the outer periphery of the output end of the motor 201. The motor 201 is connected to the gear 202. After the motor 201 is started, the gear 202 and the gear ring 204 are controlled to rotate together. A gear ring 204 is fixed to the side of the planet carrier 205 away from the motor 201. The planet carrier 205 is connected to the gear ring 204. When the planet carrier 205 rotates, the gear ring 204 is controlled to rotate together. There are two gears 203 rotating in the middle of the side of the planet carrier 205 close to the gear ring 204. The gear 203 Both are meshed with gear one 202 and gear ring 204, and gear one 202 and gear ring 204 each have only half a circle of teeth, while gear two 203 is meshed with gear one 202 and gear ring 204. When gear one 202 and gear ring 204 rotate, gear two 203 will successively mesh with gear one 202 and gear ring 204, so that gear two 203 will periodically produce forward and reverse rotation. A stirring fan 206 is fixed on the side of gear two 203 close to the reaction chamber 1, and the stirring fan 206 is connected to gear two 203. When gear two 203 rotates, it will drive the stirring fan 206 to rotate together, so as to mix the straw with the microbial flora. A driving shaft 207 is fixed on the side of gear one 202 close to the reaction chamber 1, and a spray assembly 3 is provided on the end of the driving shaft 207 away from gear one 202.

[0050] Please see attached Figure 2 - Attachment Figure 3 The heat recovery mechanism 4 includes a heat insulation board 401, which is installed on the periphery of the reaction chamber 1. The heat insulation board 401 is used to provide heat preservation and heat insulation to reduce heat loss. A heat collection pipe 402 is arranged inside the heat insulation board 401. The heat collection pipe 402 is sleeved on the periphery of the reaction chamber 1. The water inside the heat collection pipe 402 circulates so as to collect the temperature of the reaction chamber 1. The front and rear ends of the heat collection pipe 402 are fixed with a circulation pipe 403. The end of the circulation pipe 403 away from the heat collection pipe 402 is installed on the front and rear ends of the heat exchanger 14. Pipeline 403 connects the heat collection pipe 402 and the heat exchanger 14, so that the circulating water inside the heat collection pipe 402 can smoothly enter the heat exchanger 14, thereby completing the heat exchange. Steam pipes 404 are also installed at the front and rear ends of the heat exchanger 14. The end of the steam pipe 404 away from the heat exchanger 14 is installed on the side of the pretreatment box 9 close to the heat exchanger 14. The steam pipe 404 is used to convert the remaining heat after the exchange in the heat exchanger 14 into gas, and transport it to the pretreatment box 9 to soften the pretreated straw, which can improve the subsequent degradation efficiency.

[0051] Please see attached Figure 6 -Attached Figure 7The screening mechanism 5 includes a rotating rod 501, which rotates on the left side of the filter box 13. The rotating rod 501 is close to the screening plate 15 and has movable blocks 502 sliding on both ends. The rotating rod 501 rotates in the filter box 13, and the movable block 502 inside is connected to the screening plate 15. When the rotating rod 501 rotates, since the screening plate 15 can only move horizontally, the movable block 502 will slide in the rotating rod 501, and the rotating rod 501 will be away from the screening plate 15. A gear three 503 is fixed to one end of the screening plate 15, and the gear three 503 is connected to the rotating rod 501. When the gear three 503 rotates, the rotating rod 501 is driven to rotate together. A rack 504 is provided at the bottom of the gear three 503, and the gear three 503 is meshed with the rack 504. The gear three 503 is meshed with the rack 504. When the rack 504 moves, the gear three 503 can be controlled to rotate. A driving component 6 is provided on the side of the rack 504 away from the gear three 503.

[0052] Please see attached Figure 1 - Attachment Figure 2 A recycling box 12 is provided on one side of the compost collecting box 11 close to the water tank 10 . The recycling box 12 is used to collect the compost that is not completely degraded. Two cleaning mechanisms 7 are also provided inside the filter box 13 .

[0053] Please see attached Figure 3 - Attachment Figure 4 The spray assembly 3 includes a rotating plate 301, which is installed at one end of the driving shaft 207 away from the gear 202. The rotating plate 301 is installed inside the reaction chamber 1 and is connected to the driving shaft 207. When the driving shaft 207 rotates, the rotating plate 301 can be controlled to rotate. An output pipe 304 is fixed to the middle of the end of the rotating plate 301 away from the driving shaft 207. The output pipe 304 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 301. When the rotating plate 301 rotates, the output pipe 304 will rotate together with the rotating plate 301. A rotating pipe 303 rotates on the outer periphery of the end of the output pipe 304 away from the rotating plate 301. An input pipe 302 is installed inside the end of the rotating pipe 303 away from the output pipe 304. The input pipe 302 is away from the rotating pipe One end of 303 is connected to the water tank 10 through a pipeline, the input pipe 302 and the rotating pipe 303 are used to transport the spray water inside the water tank 10, the output pipe 304 is connected to the rotating pipe 303 through a rolling bearing, so that the output pipe 303 can rotate in the rotating pipe 304, and a plurality of spray plates 305 uniformly distributed in a circle are fixed on the side of the rotating plate 301 close to the driving shaft 207, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles 306 are arranged on the periphery of the spray plate 305, and the spray plate 305 and the rotating plate 301 are communicated, and after the water passes through the rotating plate 301, the spray water will gradually enter each spray plate 305, so that the spray water will be sprayed to the degrading straw and microbial flora through the plurality of atomizing nozzles 306 on the periphery of the spray plate 305.

[0054] Please see attached Figure 6 and attached Figure 8 The cleaning mechanism 7 includes an electric push rod 701, which is fixed on the left side of the filter box 13. A movable plate 702 is fixed on the side of the electric push rod 701 close to the screening plate 15. The electric push rod 701 is used to provide power to control the movement of the movable plate 702. The model of the electric push rod 701 is La12. A connecting rod 703 is sliding inside the movable plate 702. A push plate 704 is fixed on the side of the connecting rod 703 close to the screening plate 15. The connecting rod 703 is used to connect the push plate 704. The connecting rod 703 slides in the screening plate 15, thereby allowing the push plate 704 to slide in the movable plate 702. A support assembly 8 is provided on the side of the connecting rod 703 away from the push plate 704.

[0055] Please see attached Figure 7 The driving assembly 6 includes a driving block 604, which is installed on the end of the rack 504 away from the gear three 503. The driving block 604 is connected to the rack 504, and when the driving block 604 moves, the rack 504 can be driven to move together. A driving arm 603 rotates on the side of the driving block 604 away from the screening plate 15, and a turntable 602 rotates on the end of the driving arm 603 away from the driving block 604. The driving arm 603 is used to connect the driving block 604 and the turntable 602. When the turntable 602 rotates, the driving arm 603 will be controlled to move in a circle. A motor 2 601 is installed on the side of the filter box 13 away from the recovery box 12. The end of the turntable 602 away from the driving block 604 is fixed to the output end of the motor 2 601. The motor 2 601 is used to control the rotation of the turntable 602, so that the turntable 602 can control the movement of the driving arm 603.

[0056] Please see attached Figure 8 The support assembly 8 includes a limit plate 802, which is fixed on the side of the connecting rod 703 away from the push plate 704. A damping rod 801 is fixed on the end of the limit plate 802 away from the connecting rod 703. The damping rod 801 is used to provide support force for the limit plate 802. The limit plate 802 is used to limit the movement range of the connecting rod 703 to prevent the connecting rod 703 from excessive movement.

[0057] Working principle: When the straw is degraded and converted, the straw and the microbial agent are first transported to the pretreatment box 9 together, and then the straw and the microbial agent are pretreated and crushed by the pretreatment box 9, so that they can be easily mixed after entering the reaction chamber 1. The crushed pretreated straw and the microbial agent will enter the reaction chamber 1 from the pretreatment box 9;

[0058] After entering the reaction chamber 1, the motor 1 201 can be started, and spray water is transported into the reaction chamber 1 through the water tank 10 and the water pump. After the motor 1 201 is started, the gear 1 202 and the gear ring 204 will be controlled to rotate simultaneously. When the planet carrier 205 rotates, the gear ring 204 will be controlled to rotate as a whole. At this time, the gear 2 203 meshing with the gear 1 202 and the gear ring 204 will rotate while the gear ring 204 rotates. Because the gear 1 202 and the gear ring 204 only have half a circle of gears, the gear 2 203 will rotate periodically. When the gear 2 203 rotates, the stirring fan 206 connected to the gear 2 203 will mix the straw and the microbial agent;

[0059] While the gear 1 202 rotates, the driving shaft 207 controls the rotating plate 301 to rotate. When the water tank 10 delivers spray water to the reaction chamber 1, the water flows into the rotating plate 301 through the input pipe 302, the rotating pipe 303, and the output pipe 304 in sequence, and then flows into each spray plate 305 in the branch channel. The multiple atomizing nozzles 306 on the periphery of the spray plate 305 spray water mist, and spray the straw and the microbial agent with water mist, thereby reducing the impact of compost drying on the activity of microorganisms.

[0060] During the process of mixing the microbial agent with the straw, the microbial flora will degrade the straw, decompose cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and generate heat, so that the temperature in the reaction chamber 1 will gradually rise. At this time, the heat exchanger 14 can be started;

[0061] By starting the heat exchanger 14, the circulating water inside the heat insulation board 401 on the periphery of the reaction chamber 1 will gradually absorb the temperature of the reaction chamber 1 when circulating. The circulating water inside the heat insulation board 401 absorbs the temperature of the reaction chamber 1 to form hot water, which will enter the heat exchanger 14 for heat exchange, and the hot steam will remain in the heat exchanger 14. The temperature of the circulating water will drop, thereby circulating and absorbing the heat generated by the reaction chamber 1, and the hot steam inside the heat exchanger 14 will enter the pretreatment box 9 through the steam pipe 404 to steam soften the straw being pretreated, thereby increasing the overall degradation rate;

[0062] After the straw and microbial agent mixed in the reaction chamber 1 are fully mixed and degraded to form compost, the multiple feed pipes 17 can be opened to allow the compost to gradually enter the filter box 13. After the compost enters the filter box 13, the motor 2 601 can be started to allow the two screening plates 15 to enter the compost in the filter box 13 for screening.

[0063] After the motor 2 601 is started, the motor 2 601 will control the rotating disk 602 to rotate, so that the rotating disk 602 will control the driving arm 603 to rotate together, and at this time the driving arm 603 will drive the driving block 604 to move together, thereby forming a crank slider movement, and the driving block 604 will drive the rack 504 to move when it is driven by the driving arm 603 to slide, because the rack 504 is meshed with the gear 3 503, and at this time the movement of the rack 504 will control the gear 3 503 to rotate, so that the gear 3 503 controls the movable block 502 to rotate accordingly, and the rotating rod 501 will slide in the movable block 502 when the movable block 502 rotates, thereby controlling the sieve plate 15 to reciprocate in the filter box 13, and with the reciprocating movement of the sieve plate 15, the sieve plate 15 can screen and filter the compost entering the filter box 13 to avoid unqualified compost and affect the overall quality;

[0064] The compost that passes the screening will enter the compost collecting box 11, while the compost that does not pass the screening will remain on the surface of the screening plate 15. At this time, the electric push rod 701 can be started, and the electric push rod 701 controls the movement of the movable plate 702. When the movable plate 702 moves, it will drive the connecting rod 703 and the push plate 704 to move together. At this time, the push plate 704 is in contact with the incompletely degraded compost, and the damping rod 801 and the limit plate 802 will always provide elastic supporting force for the push plate 704, so that the push plate 704 can move to a certain extent, so as to better stack the incompletely degraded compost. The push plate 704 will push the compost remaining in the filter box 13 into the filter box 13, and the compost pushed out of the filter box 13 will fall into the recovery box 12, so that the incompletely degraded compost will be poured back into the pretreatment box 9 for re-degradation.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora, characterized in that: include: A reaction chamber (1), wherein a mixing mechanism (2) is provided inside the reaction chamber (1), and the mixing mechanism (2) is used to mix and stir the straw and auxiliary materials, and a heat recovery mechanism (4) is provided on the periphery of the reaction chamber (1); A pretreatment box (9), the pretreatment box (9) being installed on the top of the reaction chamber (1), the pretreatment box (9) being used for shredding and pretreatment of the straw and auxiliary materials, and a plurality of material conveying pipes (17) being fixed to one end of the reaction chamber (1) away from the pretreatment box (9); A water tank (10), wherein the water tank (10) is installed on the right side of the reaction chamber (1); a heat exchanger (14), the heat exchanger (14) being installed on a side of the reaction chamber (1) away from the water tank (10); A compost collection box (11), the compost collection box (11) being used to collect the compost after degradation and conversion, a filter box (13) being installed on a side of the compost collection box (11) close to the reaction chamber (1), two sieving plates (15) being slidably arranged inside the filter box (13), and a sieving mechanism (5) being arranged on one side of the inside of the filter box (13); The mixing mechanism (2) comprises a motor (201), the motor (201) being mounted on the rear side of the reaction chamber (1), a gear (202) being fixed to the output end of the motor (201), a planet carrier (205) being fixed to the outer periphery of the output end of the motor (201), a gear ring (204) being fixed to the side of the planet carrier (205) away from the motor (201), and a gear ring (204) being fixed to the side of the planet carrier (205) close to the gear ring (204). Two gears (203) are rotatable in the middle of the side, and the gears (203) are meshed with the gears (202) and the gear ring (204). A stirring fan (206) is fixed on the side of the gear (203) close to the reaction chamber (1), and a driving shaft (207) is fixed on the side of the gear (202) close to the reaction chamber (1). A spray assembly (3) is provided on the end of the driving shaft (207) away from the gear (202).

2. The aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat recovery mechanism (4) comprises a heat insulation plate (401), the heat insulation plate (401) being mounted on the periphery of the reaction chamber (1), a heat collection pipe (402) being arranged inside the heat insulation plate (401), the heat collection pipe (402) being sleeved on the periphery of the reaction chamber (1), a circulation pipe (403) being fixed at both the front and rear ends of the heat collection pipe (402), one end of the circulation pipe (403) being away from the heat collection pipe (402) being mounted at the front and rear ends of the heat exchanger (14), a steam pipe (404) being further mounted at the front and rear ends of the heat exchanger (14), and one end of the steam pipe (404) being away from the heat exchanger (14) being mounted on a side of the pretreatment box (9) close to the heat exchanger (14).

3. The aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening mechanism (5) comprises a rotating rod (501), the rotating rod (501) rotates on the left side inside the filter box (13), and movable blocks (502) are slidably arranged at the upper and lower ends of the rotating rod (501) on the side close to the screening plate (15), and a gear three (503) is fixed to the end of the rotating rod (501) away from the screening plate (15), a rack (504) is arranged at the bottom of the gear three (503), the gear three (503) is meshed with the rack (504), and a driving assembly (6) is arranged on the side of the rack (504) away from the gear three (503).

4. The aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A recovery box (12) is provided on one side of the compost collection box (11) close to the water tank (10), and two cleaning mechanisms (7) are also provided inside the filter box (13).

5. The aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray assembly (3) comprises a rotating plate (301), the rotating plate (301) being mounted on an end of the driving shaft (207) away from the gear one (202), an output pipe (304) being fixed in the middle of the end of the rotating plate (301) away from the driving shaft (207), a rotating pipe (303) being rotated on the outer periphery of the end of the output pipe (304) away from the rotating plate (301), an input pipe (302) being mounted inside the end of the rotating pipe (303) away from the output pipe (304), the end of the input pipe (302) away from the rotating pipe (303) being connected to the water tank (10) via a pipeline, a plurality of spray plates (305) evenly distributed in a circumference being fixed on a side of the rotating plate (301) close to the driving shaft (207), and a plurality of atomizing nozzles (306) being arranged on the outer periphery of the spray plate (305).

6. The aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (7) comprises an electric push rod (701), wherein the electric push rod (701) is fixed on the left side inside the filter box (13), a movable plate (702) is fixed on the side of the electric push rod (701) close to the screening plate (15), a connecting rod (703) is slidably provided inside the movable plate (702), a push plate (704) is fixed on the side of the connecting rod (703) close to the screening plate (15), and a support assembly (8) is provided on the side of the connecting rod (703) away from the push plate (704).

7. The aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly (6) comprises a driving block (604), wherein the driving block (604) is mounted on an end of the rack (504) away from the gear three (503), a driving arm (603) is rotatable on a side of the driving block (604) away from the sieve plate (15), a turntable (602) is rotatable on an end of the driving arm (603) away from the driving block (604), a motor two (601) is mounted on a side of the filter box (13) away from the recovery box (12), and an end of the turntable (602) away from the driving block (604) is fixed to an output end of the motor two (601).

8. The aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support assembly (8) comprises a limit plate (802), wherein the limit plate (802) is fixed to a side of the connecting rod (703) away from the push plate (704), and a damping rod (801) is fixed to one end of the limit plate (802) away from the connecting rod (703).

9. The aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the material delivery pipe (17) away from the reaction chamber (1) is fixed to the filter box (13), and an air delivery pipe (16) is provided at the bottom of the rear end of the reaction chamber (1).

10. An aerobic composting method for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora, according to the aerobic composting device for efficient degradation and conversion of waste straw regulated by microbial flora according to claims 1-9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the straw and the microbial agent enter the pretreatment box (9) together, and are mechanically crushed to improve the straw degradation efficiency; S2, the crushed pre-treated straw and the microbial agent enter the reaction chamber (1), are mixed by the stirring fan (206), and are evenly sprayed with water mist by the spray plate (305) to optimize the activity of the microorganisms; S3, microorganisms decompose cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the reaction chamber (1), generating heat so that the temperature of the reaction chamber gradually rises; S4, recovering the heat in the reaction chamber through the heat insulation plate (401) and the heat exchanger (14) and transporting it to the pretreatment box (9) for steam softening; S5, the degraded compost enters the filter box (13) through the feed pipe (17), and the screening plate (15) grades the compost to screen out the incompletely degraded materials; S6. The materials that have not passed the screening are pushed into the recovery box (12) by the push plate (704) and transported back to the pre-treatment box (9) for secondary treatment.

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