Flame-retardant coating for new energy battery and preparation method of flame-retardant coating

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flame-retardant coatings, in particular to a flame-retardant coating for a new energy battery and a preparation method thereof.The flame-retardant coating for the new energy battery comprises a component A and a component B. The component A comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 40-60 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-30 parts of melamine and 20-30 parts of pentaerythritol; 20 to 40 parts of mixed resin; and the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-20 parts of an alkali metal compound and 30-40 parts of a nucleating agent. The flame-retardant coating has excellent flame retardance and dripping resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flame retardant coatings, and in particular to a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The batteries currently used in new energy electric vehicles are mainly lithium batteries, which are covered with steel on the outside. In order to prevent the batteries from catching fire due to short circuits, overloads, etc., the new energy batteries need to be treated with fire retardant treatment.

[0003] Existing flame retardant methods usually involve coating the surface of battery substrates with flame retardant coatings to enhance the fire resistance of the substrate and prevent battery combustion. However, current flame retardant coatings are not heat resistant enough and are prone to decomposition and dripping after prolonged heating. The molten material may even cause additional fire points after dripping. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem described in the above background technology. A flame retardant coating for new energy batteries is proposed. The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries has strong heat resistance. After being heated for a long time, a shell layer will be formed on the surface of the coating to wrap the molten body.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries, the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries comprises component A and component B, wherein:

[0006] The A component includes the following components in parts by mass:

[0007]

[0008] The B component includes the following components in parts by mass:

[0009] 10-20 parts of alkali metal compound,

[0010] 30-40 parts of nucleating agent.

[0011] In the above technical scheme, the resin is melted by heat, ammonium polyphosphate can be decomposed by heat to release ammonia, water and phosphoric acid, melamine can release ammonia by heat, phosphoric acid and pentaerythritol react and dehydrate to form a carbon skeleton, ammonia promotes the expansion of the molten resin to form a carbon layer with a large number of pores, the carbon layer has a certain thickness, can be isolated from the external flame to form a temperature gradient; the alkali metal compound is decomposed by heat, part of the alkali metal enters the gas and reacts with water and other substances to form a relatively stable alkali metal hydroxide, the alkali metal hydroxide reaches the lower temperature side of the carbon layer along the pores and combines with the nucleating agent to form an isolation layer, further blocking the temperature and preventing the melt from dripping.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of component A to component B is (3-5):1.

[0013] Preferably, the mixed resin includes one or more of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin.

[0014] Preferably, the alkali metal compound includes one or more of alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal sulfates and alkali metal carboxylates, and the alkali metal includes at least one of sodium, calcium and magnesium.

[0015] Preferably, the alkali metal compound includes one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium sulfite, sodium carboxylate, and calcium carbonate.

[0016] Preferably, the nucleating agent includes one or more of sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate and silicon dioxide.

[0017] Preferably, the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries also includes a dispersant, and the dispersant is a silane coupling agent KH-550.

[0018] Preferably, the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries includes component A and component B, wherein:

[0019] The A component includes the following components in parts by mass:

[0020]

[0021] The B component includes the following components in parts by mass:

[0022] 15-20 parts of alkali metal compound,

[0023] 30-35 parts of nucleating agent.

[0024] A method for preparing the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries as described above, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1, mixing the formulated amounts of ammonium polyphosphate, titanium dioxide, melamine and pentaerythritol uniformly, and grinding them to obtain a first mixture;

[0026] S2, mixing the alkali metal compound and the nucleating agent in a formulated amount, and then ball milling to obtain a second mixture;

[0027] S3. After mixing the first mixture and the second mixture, add them into the mixed resin and stir to obtain a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries.

[0028] Preferably, the stirring is performed at a temperature of 45-75° C. and a stirring speed of 300-400 rpm.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. When the flame retardant coating of the present invention is burned by external flames, it will instantly expand to form a honeycomb carbon layer with a large number of pores. The carbon layer can block the flame and reduce the heat received by the battery.

[0031] 2. The flame retardant coating of the present invention will generate flame retardant gases such as carbon dioxide and water vapor as the flame burns, and the alkali metal oxide will volatilize and react with water vapor to form a relatively stable alkali metal hydroxide, which will combine with the nucleating agent in the coating to form a barrier layer. The barrier layer can not only block heat transfer, but also prevent the molten body from dripping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.

[0034] Illustration: 1. Molten layer, 2. Carbon layer, 3. Flame, 4. Barrier layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] The present invention is now further described in conjunction with specific examples. The following examples are only for explaining the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. The test samples and test processes used in the following examples include the following (if the specific experimental conditions are not indicated in the examples, they are usually in accordance with conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the reagent company; the reagents, consumables, etc. used in the following examples, if not otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial channels).

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A flame retardant coating for new energy batteries, the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries is composed of component A and component B, wherein:

[0040] The specific components of the A component are as follows according to mass fractions:

[0041]

[0042] The specific components of the B component are as follows according to mass fractions:

[0043] 10 parts of alkali metal compound,

[0044] 30 parts of nucleating agent.

[0045] The mass ratio of component A to component B is 3:1.

[0046] The mixed resin is a mixture of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin, and the mass ratio of the polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin is 1:3:1.

[0047] The alkali metal compound is sodium carbonate, and the nucleating agent is calcium sulfate.

[0048] The preparation method of the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries is as follows:

[0049] S1, mixing the formulated amounts of ammonium polyphosphate, titanium dioxide, melamine and pentaerythritol uniformly, and grinding them to obtain a first mixture;

[0050] S2, mixing the formulated amounts of sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate, and ball milling to obtain a second mixture;

[0051] S3. After mixing the first mixture and the second mixture, add them into the mixed resin and stir to obtain a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries.

[0052] The stirring was performed at a temperature of 55° C. and a stirring speed of 300 rpm.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A flame retardant coating for new energy batteries, the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries is composed of component A and component B, wherein:

[0055] The specific components of the A component are as follows according to mass fractions:

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] The specific components of the B component are as follows according to mass fractions:

[0059] 20 parts of alkali metal compound,

[0060] 40 parts of nucleating agent.

[0061] The mass ratio of component A to component B is 3:1.

[0062] The mixed resin is a mixture of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin, and the mass ratio of the polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin is 1:3:1.

[0063] The alkali metal compound is sodium carbonate, and the nucleating agent is calcium sulfate.

[0064] The preparation method of the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries is as follows:

[0065] S1, mixing the formulated amounts of ammonium polyphosphate, titanium dioxide, melamine and pentaerythritol uniformly, and grinding them to obtain a first mixture;

[0066] S2, mixing the formulated amounts of sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate, and ball milling to obtain a second mixture;

[0067] S3. After mixing the first mixture and the second mixture, add them into the mixed resin and stir to obtain a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries.

[0068] The stirring was performed at a temperature of 55° C. and a stirring speed of 300 rpm.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] A flame retardant coating for new energy batteries, the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries is composed of component A and component B, wherein:

[0071] The specific components of the A component are as follows according to mass fractions:

[0072]

[0073] The specific components of the B component are as follows according to mass fractions:

[0074] 15 parts of alkali metal compound,

[0075] 35 parts of nucleating agent.

[0076] The mass ratio of component A to component B is 3:1.

[0077] The mixed resin is a mixture of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin, and the mass ratio of the polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin is 1:3:1.

[0078] The alkali metal compound is sodium carbonate, and the nucleating agent is calcium sulfate.

[0079] The preparation method of the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries is as follows:

[0080] S1, mixing the formulated amounts of ammonium polyphosphate, titanium dioxide, melamine and pentaerythritol uniformly, and grinding them to obtain a first mixture;

[0081] S2, mixing the formulated amounts of sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate, and ball milling to obtain a second mixture;

[0082] S3. After mixing the first mixture and the second mixture, add them into the mixed resin and stir to obtain a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries.

[0083] The stirring was performed at a temperature of 55° C. and a stirring speed of 300 rpm.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] A flame retardant coating for a new energy battery. The components and preparation method of the flame retardant coating for a new energy battery are the same as those in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of component A to component B is 4:1.

[0086] Example 5

[0087] A flame retardant coating for a new energy battery. The components and preparation method of the flame retardant coating for a new energy battery are the same as those in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of component A to component B is 5:1.

[0088] Example 6

[0089] A flame retardant coating for new energy batteries. The components and preparation method of the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries are the same as those in Example 1, except that the alkali metal compound is sodium sulfite and the nucleating agent is calcium sulfate.

[0090] Example 7

[0091] A flame retardant coating for new energy batteries. The components and preparation method of the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries are the same as those in Example 1, except that the alkali metal compound is sodium sulfite and the nucleating agent is silicon dioxide.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] A flame retardant coating for a new energy battery, the flame retardant coating for a new energy battery is composed of the following components in parts by mass:

[0094]

[0095] The mixed resin is a mixture of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin, and the mass ratio of the polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin is 1:3:1.

[0096] The preparation method of the flame retardant coating for new energy batteries is as follows:

[0097] S1. Evenly mix the formulated amount of ammonium polyphosphate, titanium dioxide, melamine and pentaerythritol, grind them, add them into the mixed resin, stir them, and obtain a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries.

[0098] The stirring was performed at a temperature of 55° C. and a stirring speed of 300 rpm.

[0099] The flame retardant coatings for new energy batteries prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1 were tested, and the testing method was as follows; the fire resistance was tested with reference to the testing standard of GB 12441-2018, and the test results are shown in Table 1; the new energy battery substrate sprayed with the flame retardant coating was tested using a thermal radiation melt drip tester, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0100] Table 1

[0101] project Flame retardant time (min) Example 1 ≥70 Example 2 ≥75 Example 3 ≥80 Example 4 ≥65 Example 5 ≥65 Example 6 ≥70 Example 7 ≥65 Comparative Example 1 ≥40

[0102] Table 2

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, the addition of component B significantly increases the flame retardancy and anti-dripping properties of the flame retardant coating. The alkali metal oxide enters the gas under high temperature, reacts with water vapor to form a stable alkali metal hydroxide, and combines with the nucleating agent on the lower temperature side of the carbon layer to form a barrier layer. Its general structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the flame retardant coating forms a carbon layer 2 under the influence of the high temperature of the flame. The interior of the carbon layer 2 is full of pores. The top of the carbon layer is a molten layer 1. A barrier layer 4 is formed at the junction of the molten layer and the carbon layer. The barrier layer blocks heat and prevents the melt from dripping.

[0106] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0107] The above is a detailed introduction to a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame retardant coating for new energy batteries, characterized in that: The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries includes component A and component B, wherein: The A component includes the following components in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 40-60 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-30 parts of melamine, Pentaerythritol 20-30 parts, Mixed resin 20-40 parts; The B component includes the following components in parts by mass: 10-20 parts of alkali metal compound, 30-40 parts of nucleating agent.

2. The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of component A to component B is (3-5):

1.

3. The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed resin includes one or more of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and polypropylene resin.

4. The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali metal compound includes one or more of alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal sulfates and alkali metal carboxylates, and the alkali metal includes at least one of sodium, calcium and magnesium.

5. The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali metal compound includes one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium sulfite, sodium carboxylate, and calcium carbonate.

6. The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleating agent includes one or more of sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate and silicon dioxide.

7. The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries also includes a dispersant, and the dispersant is a silane coupling agent KH-550.

8. The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant coating for new energy batteries includes component A and component B, wherein: The A component includes the following components in parts by mass: 25-30 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 45-55 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-25 parts of melamine, Pentaerythritol 25-30 parts, Mixed resin 20-30 parts; The B component includes the following components in parts by mass: 15-20 parts of alkali metal compound, 30-35 parts of nucleating agent.

9. A method for preparing a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing the formulated amounts of ammonium polyphosphate, titanium dioxide, melamine and pentaerythritol uniformly, and grinding them to obtain a first mixture; S2, mixing the alkali metal compound and the nucleating agent in a formulated amount, and then ball milling to obtain a second mixture; S3. After mixing the first mixture and the second mixture, add them into the mixed resin and stir to obtain a flame retardant coating for new energy batteries.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The stirring is performed at a temperature of 45-75° C. and a stirring speed of 300-400 rpm.

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