Modification treatment system and method for optimizing and improving high-speed steel structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed steel, in particular to a modification treatment system and method for optimizing and improving a high-speed steel structure, and the modification treatment method comprises the steps that 1, heating treatment is conducted, specifically, the high-speed steel is heated to 800-1200 DEG C and kept for a certain time, and it is ensured that the steel structure is homogenized; secondly, alloy element precipitation control is conducted, the atmosphere in the furnace is adjusted, alloy elements are promoted to be precipitated, and element distribution is optimized; 3, rapid cooling is conducted, specifically, the heated high-speed steel is rapidly cooled, the cooling rate is controlled to be 10-50 DEG C / s, and the grain and phase change process of the steel is optimized; according to the method, the hardness, toughness and wear resistance of the high-speed steel are intelligently predicted through a multiple regression model in combination with a machine learning algorithm, the system analyzes and predicts the mechanical properties of the produced steel on the basis of historical data and real-time data in the production process, and the intelligent prediction can be used for optimizing production parameters and improving the production efficiency. The consistency and reliability of products are improved, and rework and quality loss are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-speed steel, and in particular to a modification treatment system and method for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel. Background Art

[0002] High-speed steel is a high-alloy steel widely used in tool, mold and precision machinery manufacturing for its excellent hardness, wear resistance and red hardness. Its performance is mainly determined by the microstructure. Traditionally, the microstructure of high-speed steel is optimized by heat treatment processes (such as quenching and tempering) to enhance hardness and wear resistance. However, the alloying elements in high-speed steel are complex. The temperature control, atmosphere adjustment and cooling rate during the heat treatment process will have a significant impact on the organization, resulting in the inhomogeneity of the organization and the fluctuation of mechanical properties.

[0003] In addition, existing improved technologies attempt to use atmosphere control and cooling mode adjustment during the heat treatment process in an attempt to optimize the precipitation state of alloy elements. However, these technologies require high process precision and require strict regulation of the atmosphere composition (such as argon, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc.) in the furnace to ensure uniform precipitation of alloy elements. Such processes require high equipment precision, which increases production costs. At the same time, it is difficult to stably optimize steel performance with different atmosphere combinations and changes in cooling rates.

[0004] In the traditional heat treatment process, there is a lack of quality prediction methods for the final material properties. The hardness, toughness and other properties are mainly determined by post-experimental testing. It is impossible to adjust the production parameters in real time to improve the consistency of material quality. This deficiency limits the controllability and stability of the process, reduces production efficiency and increases costs. Therefore, in response to the above problems, a metamorphic treatment system and method for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a metamorphic treatment system and method for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel, so as to solve the problem that in the traditional heat treatment process, there is a lack of quality prediction means for the final material properties, and the hardness, toughness and other properties are mainly determined by post-experimental testing. The production parameters cannot be adjusted in real time to improve the consistency of material quality. This deficiency limits the controllability and stability of the process, reduces production efficiency and increases costs.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A modification treatment system and method for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Heat treatment, heat the high-speed steel to 800-1200℃ and keep it for a certain period of time to ensure the uniformity of the steel structure;

[0009] Step 2: Alloy element precipitation control, adjust the furnace atmosphere, promote alloy element precipitation, and optimize element distribution;

[0010] Step 3: Rapid cooling: Rapidly cool the heated high-speed steel, with the cooling rate controlled at 10-50℃ / s to optimize the grain and phase change process of the steel;

[0011] Step 4: Tempering treatment: The cooled high-speed steel is tempered and kept at a temperature range of 200-600°C for a certain period of time to improve its toughness and impact resistance;

[0012] Step 5: Quality prediction: Use the following algorithm to predict the quality of the completed high-speed steel. Based on the input production process data (such as temperature, time, cooling rate, atmosphere control, etc.) and historical quality data, predict the hardness H, toughness T and wear resistance W of the high-speed steel. The quality prediction formula is:

[0013]

[0014] Where Y is the predicted quality index (hardness H, toughness T and wear resistance W), X1, X2, ..., X n They are the key process variables recorded during the production process (such as temperature, time, cooling rate, etc.), a i is the regression coefficient, γ ij is the cross-regression coefficient, which indicates the interaction between different process variables, δ i is the square term coefficient, which represents the nonlinear effect of each process variable on quality, and ε is the error term, which represents the random error in the model.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, the quality prediction step further includes using a machine learning model to train historical production data, and determining the regression coefficient through the least squares method or other optimization algorithms to improve the prediction accuracy.

[0016] As a further optimized content of the present invention, wherein: the quality prediction step uses the following regression model to simultaneously predict hardness, toughness and wear resistance:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, H, T, and W are the predicted values ​​of hardness, toughness, and wear resistance, respectively. ij are the corresponding regression coefficients, β1, β2, β3 are intercept terms, X1, X2, X3, ..., X n It is a key parameter in the production process.

[0019] As further optimized content of the present invention, the cooling rate is selected according to the type of steel, and is controlled by water cooling, oil cooling or air cooling during the cooling process. The atmosphere control step includes adjusting the mixing ratio of gases such as argon, nitrogen, and hydrogen during the heating process to control the precipitation of alloy phases such as carbides and nitrides in the steel, thereby optimizing the microstructure of the high-speed steel.

[0020] As a further optimization of the present invention, the temperature range of the heating treatment is 800-1200°C, and is appropriately adjusted according to the alloy composition of the steel during the heating process to ensure uniform heating of the steel and sufficient diffusion of the alloy elements. The tempering treatment step further includes controlling the tempering temperature and time according to the hardness requirements of the steel to optimize the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel.

[0021] As further optimized content of the present invention, among others: the method can significantly improve the toughness and wear resistance of high-speed steel while maintaining its hardness by precisely controlling the heating temperature, cooling rate and atmosphere composition, thereby meeting the manufacturing requirements of high-performance tools and components.

[0022] As a further optimized content of the present invention, wherein: the system comprises:

[0023] Heating furnace is used to heat high-speed steel, control heating temperature and heating time, and ensure that the steel reaches the predetermined heating temperature range;

[0024] The cooling unit is used to quickly cool the heated high-speed steel, control the cooling rate, and ensure the uniformity of the structure;

[0025] Atmosphere control device, used to adjust the atmosphere composition and pressure in the heating furnace and control the precipitation process of alloy elements;

[0026] The cooling control system is used to adjust the cooling rate, prevent cracks during the cooling process, and ensure the optimization of the steel's microstructure.

[0027] As a further optimization of the present invention, the cooling unit includes three cooling methods: water cooling, oil cooling and air cooling, and a suitable cooling method can be selected according to different steel types.

[0028] As a further optimization of the present invention, the atmosphere control device includes a gas mixed atmosphere adjustment system of argon, nitrogen, hydrogen and the like, which is used to adjust the composition of the atmosphere in the furnace and optimize the precipitation of alloy elements in the high-speed steel.

[0029] As a further optimization of the present invention, the heating furnace is provided with a temperature control device, which can accurately control the heating temperature to ensure that the steel maintains a uniform and stable temperature during the heating process.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. In the present invention, the hardness, toughness and wear resistance of high-speed steel are intelligently predicted by a multivariate regression model in combination with a machine learning algorithm. The system predicts the mechanical properties of the steel after production based on historical data and real-time data analysis during the production process. This intelligent prediction can be used to optimize production parameters, improve product consistency and reliability, and reduce rework and quality loss. At the same time, by optimizing the selection of atmosphere control and cooling methods, the system can reduce energy consumption, reduce gas emissions and production costs while ensuring material performance, and meet environmental protection requirements;

[0032] 2. In the present invention, a multi-step heat treatment process and precise atmosphere control are used to ensure that alloy elements such as carbides and nitrides in high-speed steel are uniformly precipitated to form a stable microstructure. The systematic heating and atmosphere adjustment steps effectively improve the hardness and wear resistance of the steel and enhance the uniformity of the structure.

[0033] 3. In the present invention, three cooling methods are provided: water cooling, oil cooling and air cooling. The cooling scheme can be flexibly selected according to the type of steel and the mechanical property requirements. The cooling rate can be precisely controlled through the cooling control system to refine the grain structure of the high-speed steel, effectively reduce the risk of crack formation, and ensure the toughness and stability of the high-speed steel in high-strength applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of a modification treatment system for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of a modification method for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] See also Figure 1-2 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0037] A modification treatment system and method for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel, the system mainly includes the following components:

[0038] Heating furnace: used to heat high-speed steel. The heating temperature is controlled within the range of 800-1200℃ to ensure that the steel reaches the predetermined temperature and maintains it for a period of time to achieve a uniform organizational structure. The heating furnace is equipped with a precise temperature control device to prevent uneven organization caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0039] Atmosphere control device: By adjusting the mixing ratio of argon, nitrogen, hydrogen and other gases, the atmosphere composition in the furnace is ensured to be appropriate, which promotes the uniform precipitation of alloy elements in high-speed steel and prevents excessive precipitation of alloy phases such as carbides and nitrides. The atmosphere control device can adjust the air pressure to optimize the microstructure of the steel;

[0040] Cooling unit: including water cooling, oil cooling and air cooling, which is used to quickly cool the heated high-speed steel. The cooling rate of this cooling unit is controllable between 10-50℃ / s, which can effectively control the phase change process of high-speed steel, refine the grains, and reduce cracks caused by uneven cooling;

[0041] Cooling control system: used to accurately control the cooling rate and ensure uniform transformation of grains and phases during the cooling process. The system effectively prevents cracks caused by excessive cooling and ensures the stability of the steel microstructure after cooling;

[0042] The microstructure optimization of high-speed steel is achieved through the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Heat treatment

[0044] Place the high-speed steel material in a heating furnace, heat it to a temperature of 800-1200℃, and maintain it for a certain period of time to ensure that the structure in the material is homogenized. This process relies on the temperature control device of the heating furnace to achieve uniform heating and prevent the segregation of alloy elements at high temperatures;

[0045] Step 2: Alloy element precipitation control

[0046] During the heating process, the atmosphere composition in the furnace is adjusted through the atmosphere control device, and appropriate proportions of argon, nitrogen, hydrogen and other gases are added to optimize the distribution of alloy elements inside the high-speed steel and promote the proper precipitation of carbides and nitrides to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the steel;

[0047] Step 3: Rapid Cooling

[0048] After the heating treatment is completed, the high-speed steel material is quickly cooled. Water cooling, oil cooling or air cooling is selected according to the needs of the steel, and the cooling rate is controlled within 10-50℃ / s to refine the grain structure of the high-speed steel. By controlling the cooling rate, the phase change process of the steel can be effectively adjusted to avoid cracks caused by uneven shrinkage during the cooling process;

[0049] Step 4: Tempering

[0050] After cooling, the high-speed steel is tempered at a temperature between 200 and 600°C and maintained for a certain period of time to optimize the microstructure of the steel and improve its toughness and impact resistance. According to the hardness requirements of the steel, the tempering temperature and time are adjusted to ensure that the toughness and impact resistance of the material are improved while maintaining the hardness;

[0051] Step 5: Quality prediction

[0052] The following algorithm is used to predict the quality of the completed high-speed steel. Based on the input production process data (such as temperature, time, cooling rate, atmosphere control, etc.) and historical quality data, the hardness H, toughness T and wear resistance W of the high-speed steel are predicted. The quality prediction formula is:

[0053]

[0054] Where Y is the predicted quality index (hardness H, toughness T and wear resistance W), X1, X2, ..., X n They are the key process variables recorded during the production process (such as temperature, time, cooling rate, etc.), a i is the regression coefficient, γ ij is the cross-regression coefficient, which indicates the interaction between different process variables, δ i is the square term coefficient, which indicates the nonlinear effect of each process variable on quality, and ε is the error term, which indicates the random error in the model;

[0055] Through the above algorithm, the system can accurately predict the hardness, toughness and wear resistance of high-speed steel based on input variables and historical quality data, and further optimize production parameters to improve material quality;

[0056] Microstructure optimization: Through a multi-step process of heating, atmosphere control and cooling, the system is able to refine the grain structure of high-speed steel, optimize the distribution of alloying elements, and significantly improve the hardness, toughness and wear resistance of the steel;

[0057] High quality prediction accuracy: Regression models and machine learning algorithms based on historical data and real-time production data can effectively predict the quality of steel after production and improve the controllability of the production process;

[0058] Diversified cooling methods: The cooling unit provides water cooling, oil cooling, air cooling and other options to meet the needs of different types of high-speed steel and further improve product quality;

[0059] Environmental friendliness: Through precise temperature and atmosphere control, the system reduces excessive energy consumption and waste gas emissions in traditional processes, meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0060] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above is only a preferred implementation of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for modification of high-speed steel structure optimization and improvement, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Heat treatment, heat the high-speed steel to 800-1200℃ and keep it for a certain period of time to ensure the uniformity of the steel structure; Step 2: Alloy element precipitation control, adjust the furnace atmosphere, promote alloy element precipitation, and optimize element distribution; Step 3: Rapid cooling: Rapidly cool the heated high-speed steel, with the cooling rate controlled at 10-50℃ / s to optimize the grain and phase change process of the steel; Step 4: Tempering treatment: The cooled high-speed steel is tempered and kept at a temperature range of 200-600°C for a certain period of time to improve its toughness and impact resistance; Step 5: Quality prediction: Use the following algorithm to predict the quality of the completed high-speed steel. Based on the input production process data and historical quality data, the hardness H, toughness T and wear resistance W of the high-speed steel are predicted. The quality prediction formula is: Where Y is the predicted quality index (hardness H, toughness T and wear resistance W), X1, X2, ..., X n They are the key process variables recorded during the production process (such as temperature, time, cooling rate, etc.), a i is the regression coefficient, γ ij is the cross-regression coefficient, which indicates the interaction between different process variables, δ i is the square term coefficient, which represents the nonlinear effect of each process variable on quality, and ε is the error term, which represents the random error in the model.

2. The method for modification of high-speed steel structure optimization and improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quality prediction step further includes using a machine learning model to train historical production data and determine regression coefficients through a least squares method or other optimization algorithms to improve prediction accuracy.

3. The method for modification of high-speed steel structure optimization and improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quality prediction step uses the following regression model to simultaneously predict hardness, toughness, and wear resistance: In the formula, H, T, and W are the predicted values ​​of hardness, toughness, and wear resistance, respectively. ij are the corresponding regression coefficients, β1, β2, β3 are intercept terms, X1, X2, X3, ..., X n It is a key parameter in the production process.

4. The method for modification of high-speed steel structure optimization and improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling rate is selected according to the type of steel and is controlled by water cooling, oil cooling or air cooling during the cooling process. The atmosphere control step includes adjusting the mixing ratio of gases such as argon, nitrogen, and hydrogen during the heating process to control the precipitation of alloy phases such as carbides and nitrides in the steel, thereby optimizing the microstructure of the high-speed steel.

5. The method for modification of high-speed steel structure optimization and improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature range of the heating treatment is 800-1200°C, and is appropriately adjusted according to the alloy composition of the steel during the heating process to ensure uniform heating of the steel and sufficient diffusion of the alloy elements. The tempering treatment step further includes controlling the tempering temperature and time according to the hardness requirements of the steel to optimize the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel.

6. The method for modification of high-speed steel structure optimization and improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method can significantly improve the toughness and wear resistance of high-speed steel while maintaining its hardness by precisely controlling the heating temperature, cooling rate and atmosphere composition, thereby meeting the manufacturing requirements of high-performance tools and parts.

7. A modification treatment system for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the system comprising: Heating furnace is used to heat high-speed steel, control heating temperature and heating time, and ensure that the steel reaches the predetermined heating temperature range; The cooling unit is used to quickly cool the heated high-speed steel, control the cooling rate, and ensure the uniformity of the structure; Atmosphere control device, used to adjust the atmosphere composition and pressure in the heating furnace and control the precipitation process of alloy elements; The cooling control system is used to adjust the cooling rate, prevent cracks during the cooling process, and ensure the optimization of the steel's microstructure.

8. The modification treatment system for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The cooling unit includes three cooling modes: water cooling, oil cooling and air cooling, and a suitable cooling mode can be selected according to different steel types.

9. The modification treatment system for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The atmosphere control device includes a gas mixed atmosphere adjustment system of argon, nitrogen, hydrogen and the like, which is used to adjust the composition of the atmosphere in the furnace and optimize the precipitation of alloy elements in the high-speed steel.

10. The modification treatment system for optimizing and improving the structure of high-speed steel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating furnace is provided with a temperature control device, which can accurately control the heating temperature and ensure that the steel maintains a uniform and stable temperature during the heating process.

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