Reverse machine erecting construction method for large-dip-angle rock stratum draw shaft drilling

Abstract

The invention discloses a reverse machine erecting construction method for large-dip-angle rock stratum draw shaft drilling, and relates to the technical field of draw shaft drilling construction. The reverse machine erecting construction method comprises the following steps that S1, construction preparation is conducted; s2, a drilling machine is installed in place; s3, a drilling machine is used for vertically and forwardly guiding holes; s4, reversely erecting the drilling machine; s5, drilling a hole for the second time; s6, a reaming cutter head is installed for reverse reaming; and S7, ending and handover. Through a raise boring machine vertical forward guide hole method, the guide hole drill bit deviation influenced by a large-dip-angle rock stratum is determined through a control variable research method, and therefore the direction and angle needing to be adjusted of a machine body are calculated in a back-stepping mode according to the similar triangle principle; according to the raise boring machine reverse machine erecting rule, reverse machine erecting is conducted according to the deflection direction and angle determined through the vertical forward guide hole method; the pressure of the drill bit is monitored in real time through the digital display technology in the hole guiding process, and correction is conducted in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chute drilling construction, and in particular to a reverse vertical machine construction method for chute drilling in rock formations with a large dip angle. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mineral mining and geological exploration, in order to obtain underground resources or conduct geological research, it is often necessary to drill a raise or pilot hole in the rock formation. These boreholes not only provide a channel for resource extraction, but also provide a means for geological exploration to directly obtain underground physical information. With the advancement of technology and the upgrading of equipment, drilling efficiency and safety have been continuously improved. However, in the face of complex geological conditions and changing mining needs, it is still necessary to continuously explore and innovate drilling technologies and methods.

[0003] However, when existing operations involve large-angle rock formations below the chute, the deflection of the pilot drill bit becomes an important issue due to the complex distribution of the rock formations and the inability to accurately determine geological data. The traditional approach is to adjust the body angle of the drill according to the theoretical inclination of the rock formation, but this method is difficult to ensure that the drill bit does not deflect. The deflection of the drill bit will cause the position of the hole to be inconsistent with the required position, thus affecting the quality of the entire project. Moreover, the deflection may cause the hole diameter to fail to meet the design requirements, thereby affecting the bearing capacity and stability of the structure.

[0004] There are related invention patents involved in the construction of chute drilling, as follows: Chinese patent application number: CN202410920396.5, the name of the invention patent is: Drilling construction method of a raise borer, the invention provides a drilling construction method of a raise borer, including: installing a raise borer at a preset position; debugging the raise borer, and when the debugging result meets the construction requirements, constructing the normal section of the guide hole and the broken rock section; wherein, lime is added to the slurry for the guide hole construction; installing a slag hole drilling rig, and drilling the lower hole through the slag hole drilling rig until the lower bore hole is connected with the upper guide hole; expanding the connected guide hole and the lower bore hole to complete the drilling construction of the raise borer. The above invention can improve the forming quality of the borehole and reduce the risk of hole collapse and drill jam.

[0005] However, in the above-mentioned existing patents, although the quality of the drilled hole can be improved and the risk of hole collapse and drill jamming can be reduced, it is difficult to ensure that the pilot drill bit is not deflected by adjusting the drill body angle only by the theoretical inclination of the rock formation. Due to the complex distribution of the rock formation and the inability to accurately determine the geological data, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the drilling position by adjusting the drill body angle only by the theoretical inclination. This may cause the drilling position to deviate from the design requirements, affecting the subsequent operation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a steeply inclined rock formation, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the steeply inclined rock formation affects the deviation of the guide hole drill bit.

[0007] The present invention determines the influence of high-angle rock formations on the deviation of the pilot hole drill bit through a controlled variable research method, and then uses the principle of similar triangles to reversely calculate the direction and angle that the drill body needs to adjust; the reverse vertical machine rule of the skylight drilling rig uses the deflected direction and angle determined by the vertical forward drilling method to reversely vertical the machine; during the drilling process, the digital display technology is used to monitor the drill bit pressure in real time and correct the deviation in time.

[0008] A reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation, specifically comprising the following steps: S1, Construction preparation: The drilling rig pours the foundation concrete and marks the foundation so that the drilling rig can be checked during the drilling process; S2, Drilling rig installed in place: After the foundation is poured and the strength is reached, the patio drilling rig can be installed in place; S3, vertical forward guide hole of drilling rig: After the drilling rig is installed in place, vertical forward guide hole operation is carried out to drill an initial guide hole at a predetermined position to provide guidance and positioning for subsequent construction steps; S4, reverse drilling rig erection: by laying rails, wooden boards, inclined pads and other auxiliary tools to raise the machine body in the opposite direction of the guide hole path, the reverse drilling rig erection can be achieved; S5, secondary drilling guide: reasonably configure the stable drill rod, control the drill bit to drill in a straight line along the hole opening direction during the drilling process, and reasonably control the drilling speed; S6, install the reaming cutter head for reverse reaming: reaming the hole from the other end of the drilled hole to reach the required hole diameter to meet the construction requirements; S7, finishing and handing over: The construction is completed after the drill bit hoisting, machine dismantling, working face cleaning, wellhead protection, working face handover and other works.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the step S5, the reasonable control of the drilling speed is controlled by a speed control device, the speed control device includes a fixed frame, a drill body is arranged inside the fixed frame, a telescopic rotating motor is arranged inside the drill body, a rotating drill bit is arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic rotating motor, the telescopic rotating motor and the rotating drill bit are used for vertical forward drilling of the skylight, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the fixed frame close to the drill body, the connecting block is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill body on the side away from the inner wall of the fixed frame, a plurality of insertion plates are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed frame, a level body is fixedly connected to the top end of the drill body, a wire hole is opened at the inner top end of the drill body, a fixing groove is opened at the bottom end of the wire hole in the drill body, and the top of the fixing groove in the drill body is There are two symmetrically arranged slots, and an arc slot is arranged at the bottom of the slot inside the drilling rig body. The telescopic rotary motor is fixedly connected inside the fixed slot, and the top of the telescopic rotary motor is fixedly connected with a series line 1, and the series line 1 is fixedly connected inside the wire hole, and the top of the series line 1 is fixedly connected with a start button, and the start button is fixedly connected to the top of the drilling rig body. The top of the telescopic rotary motor is located on both sides of the series line 1 and is symmetrically fixedly connected with two series lines 2, and the middle of the series line 2 is fixedly connected with a signal conversion device, and the bottom of the series line 2 is fixedly connected with an infrared detector, and the series line 2 and the signal conversion device are arranged inside the slot, and the two infrared detectors are respectively fixedly connected inside the two arc slots, and the bottom end of the telescopic rotary motor is provided with an automatic telescopic rod, and the rotary drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the automatic telescopic rod. Thereby ensuring that the fixed frame can protect the operator when the rotary drill bit is drilling, and the rotary drill bit always keeps the downward movement state.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the foundation concrete pouring needs to be cured for three to four days, and after the curing intensity reaches the standard, the center point of the drilling hole is measured and checked, and the center point of the drilling hole and the installation axis of the drilling rig are determined. The total power of the patio drilling rig is about 180kw, the power distribution station is no more than 500m away from the working surface, the transformer and power cable used in the patio construction are not shared with other equipment, and the working surface is provided with a ventilation system and a lighting system. This can prevent accidents caused by mutual influence between the transformer and the power cable.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the installation steps are to install tracks on the concrete foundation of the drilling rig, hoist the main machine, install the track clamp, install the hydraulic station, connect the oil pipe on the operating table, connect the cable water pipe and other auxiliary facilities, and debug the machine. The installation of the hydraulic pump station and the operating table needs to be installed according to the pre-arranged site and calibrated with a level ruler. Before the oil pipe is connected, all equipment parts must be cleaned up. The cleaning is used to ensure that debris does not enter the hydraulic system. After the electrical line is installed, the entire line system must be carefully checked. The debugging machine is used to ensure the correct installation and the safety of the equipment personnel. By installing the track on the concrete foundation, the stability and accuracy of the drilling rig operation are ensured.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the drilling rig is preliminarily calibrated to 90° by a digital display angle meter, a small mark is arbitrarily made on the reduction box of the drilling rig, and the coordinates of the marks when the reduction box falls to the lowest position and rises to the highest position are recorded. The coordinates can accurately display that the opening angle of the pilot hole of the host is 90°. A hole opening stabilizer is installed before the hole opening, and the hole opening stabilizer is used to stabilize the normal drilling of the drill rod. After the pilot hole is drilled through, the horizontality and verticality of the fuselage are accurately measured at multiple angles using a level ruler and plumb bob. After the measurement is completed, the guide hole path deviation direction, angle and distance are laid out in CAD using the principle of similar triangles. The drilling rig is preliminarily calibrated to 90° by a digital display angle meter. This high-precision calibration method ensures that the drilling rig has an accurate drilling angle in the initial state.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, when the drilling rig is in reverse standing, people are prohibited from standing next to it, and after the drilling rig's pitch cylinder is raised to the maximum stroke, the machine body is fixed to the main machine base by a diagonal tie rod. By fixing the machine body to the main machine base by the diagonal tie rod, a stable triangular structure can be formed, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the drilling rig and preventing the equipment from overturning due to shaking or external force.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S5, the wear condition of the wear-resistant alloy block of the stable drill rod is observed before drilling, and the observation is used to ensure that the drill bit and the drill rod are concentric and the drilling accuracy can be ensured. The reasonable control of the drilling speed is used to control the deviation of the angle, and the rotation speed determines the drilling speed. Timely observation and maintenance of the wear condition of the wear-resistant alloy block of the stable drill rod can ensure a good fit between the drill rod and the drill bit, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of drilling. As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S6, after the guide hole is penetrated, the guide hole drill bit is disassembled in the lower chamber with the assistance of oxygen and acetylene, and the reaming cutter disc is installed after the guide hole drill bit is disassembled. The rock debris broken down during the reaming drilling is transported out by the scraper, and the reaming cutter disc is connected and the drill tool is slowly lifted up. After the reaming cutter disc completely enters the rock, the lifting pulling force and speed can be appropriately increased to ensure that all the rollers are evenly stressed for reaming. An efficient disassembly method means shorter downtime, thereby improving overall operating efficiency and reducing the labor intensity and time cost required for manual disassembly.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S7, during the hole enlarging process, it is necessary to ensure that the roller cutter does not grind against the bottom of the drilling rig or other parts, and when the drill bit drills to 3m from the foundation, the drilling pressure is reduced and the drilling is slowed down until the hole enlarging is completed. Protecting the drilling rig parts can reduce the maintenance and replacement costs caused by damage, which helps to reduce the overall operating cost and improve economic benefits.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The vertical forward hole guiding method of the skydrill rig of the present invention determines the influence of the high-angle rock formation on the deviation of the pilot hole drill bit by the control variable research method, and then uses the principle of similar triangles to reversely calculate the direction and angle that the drill body must adjust; the reverse vertical machine method of the skydrill rig uses the deflection direction and angle determined by the vertical forward hole guiding method to reversely vertical ...

[0017] The new method of reverse vertical machine adopted by the skylight drilling rig in the present invention replaces the traditional practice of expanding and brushing the cutterhead chamber at the bottom of the chute, which not only ensures that the deviation rate of the drilling rig guide hole is within 1%, but also saves the cost of chute construction. In addition, the construction of the chute by the present invention not only saves 50% of the construction period, but also avoids the safety risks of brushing the top of the cutterhead chamber and replacing the roller cutter under the chute. The present invention can ensure that the deviation rate of the drilling rig guide hole is within 1%, greatly improving the accuracy of the drilling hole. The precise drilling trajectory helps to reduce errors and corrections in subsequent construction, thereby improving the overall construction efficiency. It also avoids the steps of expanding and brushing the cutterhead chamber at the bottom of the chute in the traditional practice, thereby reducing material and labor costs, thereby helping to reduce the overall construction cost and improve the cost performance of the project. It also avoids high-risk operations such as brushing the top of the cutterhead chamber and replacing the roller cutter under the chute in the traditional practice, which helps to reduce the risk of safety accidents and casualties during construction and ensure the life safety of operators.

[0018] Through the fixed frame, the insert plate, the connecting block, the telescopic rotating motor, the second series line, the signal conversion device, the infrared detector and the level meter body, the level meter body detects the horizontal state of the drilling rig body, and when the horizontal state is detected, the insert plate is inserted into the soil, and then the level meter body is observed again to fine-tune the fixed frame, so that the fixed frame is always in a vertical horizontal state, thereby achieving the state of always keeping the rotating drill bit moving downward, and can also ensure that the fixed frame can protect the operator when the rotating drill bit is drilling. The rotating drill bit always keeps the downward movement state, which can ensure the continuous drilling process and reduce the time waste caused by the stagnation or adjustment of the rotating drill bit. The design of the fixed frame provides a safe barrier for the operator, which can prevent the rotating drill bit from causing harm to the operator due to drill bit breakage or rock splashing during the drilling process. Moreover, when encountering different rock formations, the drilling speed can be reasonably controlled to ensure that the drill bit maintains the best working state in different rock formations and avoid the inefficiency caused by too fast or too slow drilling speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the speed control device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the drilling machine body, the level meter body and the rotating drill bit in the speed control device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 The speed control device of the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drilling rig body.

[0024] Figure 5 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic rotating motor, the signal conversion device and the infrared detector in the speed control device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drilling rig body in the speed control device of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 101, fixed frame; 102, insertion plate; 103, connecting block; 104, drilling rig body; 105, level body; 106, wire hole; 107, positioning slot; 108, fixing slot; 109, arc slot; 201, start button; 202, series line one; 203, telescopic rotating motor; 204, series line two; 205, signal conversion device; 206, infrared detector; 207, automatic telescopic rod; 208, rotating drill bit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment, a reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a well in a large-angle rock formation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1, construction preparation: The drilling rig is used to pour the foundation concrete, and the foundation is marked so that the drilling rig can be checked during the drilling process. After 3 to 4 days of maintenance, the center point of the borehole is measured and checked in detail by a total station after the strength is reached. The designed center point of the borehole and the installation axis of the drilling rig are determined, and the opening point is accurately placed on the foundation surface. The foundation is marked so that the drilling rig can be checked during the drilling process. Water for pilot hole construction (4-8 m³ / hour) and expansion hole construction water (10-15 m³ / hour) are connected to the working surface within 5 meters from the main water supply pipeline using a φ50mm welded pipe or PVC pipe. The total power of the skylight drilling rig is about 180kw. The power consumption of the project must meet the requirements of the drilling rig. The power distribution station is no more than 500m away from the working surface. If the power supply distance exceeds, other auxiliary measures must be taken to prevent excessive voltage drop from affecting the start-up and operation of the equipment. The transformer and power cable used in the skylight construction cannot be shared with other equipment to prevent accidents caused by mutual influence. The work surface must have a good ventilation system and lighting system to remove dust and cool the work surface and avoid safety hazards to equipment and personnel due to poor lighting.

[0029] S2, Drilling rig installation: After the foundation is poured and the strength is reached, the skylight drilling rig can be installed in place. After the foundation is poured and the strength is reached, the skylight drilling rig can be installed in place. The specific steps of equipment transportation, installation, commissioning and calibration are as follows: install the track on the concrete foundation of the drilling rig - hoist the main machine - install the track clamp - install the hydraulic station, operating table - connect the oil pipe - connect the cable water pipe and other auxiliary facilities - commission the machine. After the main machine is in place, install the hydraulic station according to the pre-arranged site layout and calibrate the level with a level ruler. Transport the operating table to the working surface and place it in a suitable position. The position of the operating table needs to consider the good sight during operation and the absolute safety of the operator and the operating table when loading and unloading the drill rod. After the installation and layout of the main machine, hydraulic station and operating table are completed, clean all equipment parts. Before connecting, clean the installation joints with clean hydraulic oil of the same model to ensure that debris does not enter the hydraulic system. After the installation is completed, carefully check the correct installation of each oil pipe according to the drawings. The installation of the electric line must be completed by a professional electrician. After the electric line is correctly connected, the entire line system must be carefully checked. After confirming that all cables are connected normally, power can be supplied. Confirm that the cables, oil pipes, etc. are correctly connected. After powering on, check whether the voltage, phase sequence and the display of each instrument are correct. After powering on for more than 1 hour, check the status of each part of the equipment again to ensure that the installation is correct and the safety of the equipment personnel is guaranteed. After confirming that all personnel on site are in a safe state, start the machine for trial operation. During the operation of the equipment, pay attention to the operation of the equipment. If any abnormality is found, stop the machine in time for processing.

[0030] S3, vertical forward guide hole of the drilling rig: After the drilling rig is installed in place, vertical forward guide hole operation is carried out to drill an initial guide hole at the predetermined position to provide guidance and positioning for subsequent construction steps. 1. In the construction of the skylight guide hole, vertical forward guide hole of the drilling rig is very critical. First, use the digital display angle meter to preliminarily calibrate the main engine to 90°, make a small mark point on the main engine reducer at will, drop the reducer to the lowest position, use the total station to accurately read the coordinates of the mark point, and make a record, then raise the reducer to the highest position, read the coordinates of the mark point, and the coordinates of the mark point can be read from the upper and lower positions. The coordinates of the mark point can be used to obtain the main engine's guide hole opening angle, and the calibration is checked multiple times. The opening stabilizer must be correctly installed before drilling, and the hole drilling rod is used to drill the hole at low drilling pressure and low drilling speed. The drilling depth is 3 meters. After the hole drilling is completed, remove the hole drilling rod and the hole opener, install the stabilizer drill rod and start normal drilling. When the soft rock layer is transitioning to the hard rock layer, the pressure cannot be increased quickly. The normal pressure can only be slowly increased when the guide rod and the stabilizer rod partially enter the hard rock. After the pilot hole is drilled through, the horizontality and verticality of the fuselage are accurately measured at multiple angles using a level ruler and plumb bob on site. After confirmation, the coordinates of the center point of the borehole and the bottom drill penetration point are re-measured in detail using a total station. Then, the principle of similar triangles is used to lay out the deflection direction, angle and distance of the pilot hole path in CAD.

[0031] S4, reverse vertical drilling rig: by laying rails, wooden boards, inclined shims and other auxiliary tools to raise the machine body in the opposite direction of the guide hole path, the machine can be vertically reversed. Before the drilling rig is vertically reversed, no one is allowed to stand next to the main machine. The machine can only be vertically reversed after checking that the vertical machine pull rods, pins, and support ears are correctly and securely installed. If the main machine is lowered too low, the main machine must be lifted up a certain distance with a jack before it can be vertically reversed. When vertically reversed, attention should be paid to the equipment and personnel, and the machine should be vertically reversed slowly and carefully. After the drilling rig's pitch cylinder is raised to the maximum stroke, the machine body is fixed to the main machine base with an inclined tie rod. The direction, angle and distance of the guide hole path deviation calculated by the above vertical forward guide method are used to raise the machine body in the opposite direction of the guide hole path deviation by laying rails, wooden boards, inclined shims and other auxiliary tools to achieve reverse vertical drilling.

[0032] S5, secondary pilot hole of drilling rig: reasonably configure stable drill rod, control the drill bit to drill straight along the direction of the hole during drilling, and reasonably control the drilling speed. The function of the stable drill rod is mainly to control the drill bit to drill straight along the direction of the hole during drilling, so the reasonable configuration of the stable drill rod and the drill bit diameter is an important condition to ensure the drilling accuracy. Before drilling, carefully observe the wear of the wear-resistant alloy block of the stable drill rod, and select a stable drill rod with the same diameter as the drill bit for configuration to ensure that the drill bit and the drill rod are concentric and ensure the accuracy of drilling. Reasonably control the drilling speed. Reasonable control of the pilot hole drilling speed is another key means to control deviation. The drilling pressure and speed determine the drilling speed, and the drilling speed depends on the operator's reasonable control of the drilling parameters. The drill rod is a rigid body with a certain deflection. During the hole making process, its deflection is proportional to the length and the applied drilling pressure. The greater the drilling pressure, the longer the length, and the greater the deflection. In this way, the probability of the drill rod deviating from the axis is also greater, and the accuracy is more difficult to ensure. Therefore, correctly controlling the drilling speed is one of the important conditions to ensure the accuracy of the pilot hole. At the same time, the selection of drilling parameters must be determined based on many factors such as formation conditions and drilling location, and appropriate adjustments must be made during construction according to different formation conditions.

[0033] First, the drilling rig body 104 is kept in a horizontal state by observing the spirit level body 105. Then, since the fixed frame 101 is fixed to the outside of the drilling rig body 104 through the connecting block 103, the insertion plate 102 is inserted into the ground while the fixed frame 101 is kept in a horizontal state. Then, the spirit level body 105 is kept in a horizontal state by fine-tuning the angle of the fixed frame 101. At this time, the rotating drill bit 208 located inside the drilling rig body 104 will ensure that it always moves downward when starting. When it is ensured that the rotary drill bit 208 can drill vertically downward, the start signal is transmitted to the telescopic rotary motor 203 through the start button 201 to issue a downward and rotation command. During the downward movement of the rotary drill bit 208, the soil material is detected in advance by the infrared detector 206, and then the signal detected by the infrared detector 206 is transmitted to the signal conversion device 205 through the series line 204 for processing. After the signal processing is completed, it will be converted into a speed control command, and then the speed command will be transmitted to the telescopic rotary motor 203 through the series line 204, thereby achieving the effect of using different speeds when encountering rock formations of different materials.

[0034] S6, install the reaming cutter head for reverse reaming: reaming operation is carried out from the other end of the drilled hole to achieve the required hole size to meet the construction requirements. After the pilot hole is penetrated, the pilot drill bit is removed in the lower chamber with the assistance of oxygen and acetylene, the reaming cutter head is connected, and the reaming is started from the bottom to the top. The rock chips broken down during reaming drilling fall to the lower flat hole by their own weight and are transported out by the scraper and other loading equipment. When the reaming drill bit is connected, the drill tool is lifted up slowly. Until the roller cutter begins to contact the rock, then stop lifting, and feed slowly to ensure that the drill roller cutter is not damaged by excessive impact. When starting to reaming, someone should observe below and notify the operator of the situation in time. When the drill bit is in full and uniform contact with the rock, the reaming parameters can be appropriately increased to start normal reaming drilling. After the reaming cutterhead completely enters the rock, ensure that all the rollers are evenly stressed. You can increase the lifting force and speed appropriately to expand the hole. When encountering a broken zone, the drilling pressure and speed should be reduced in time to minimize the vibration of the raise drilling rig and ensure stable operation. The operator should always pay attention to whether the sound of the reaming cutterhead drilling into the rock is stable, judge the changes in the rock formation, observe the changes in the rotating torque and various reaming parameters on the hydraulic gauge, and make timely adjustments if any abnormalities are found. When the rock hardness is high, the drilling pressure can be appropriately increased, otherwise it can be reduced.

[0035] S7, finishing and handing over: The construction is completed after the drill bit is hoisted, the machine is disassembled, the working surface is cleaned, the wellhead is protected, and the working surface is handed over. During the hole expansion process, carefully observe whether there are any abnormal phenomena around the foundation. If there are any, take timely measures to deal with them. Pay close attention to the roller so that it does not grind against the bottom of the drilling rig or other parts, anchor rods, etc. If so, stop the machine in time. When the drill bit drills to 3m from the foundation, reduce the drilling pressure and drill slowly, and expand the hole slowly until the hole expansion is completed. After the hole expansion is completed, the construction is completed after the drill bit is hoisted, the machine is disassembled, the working surface is cleaned, the wellhead is protected, and the working surface is handed over.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, Construction preparation: The drilling rig pours the foundation concrete and marks the foundation so that the drilling rig can be checked during the drilling process; S2, Drilling rig installed in place: After the foundation is poured and the strength is reached, the patio drilling rig can be installed in place; S3, vertical forward guide hole of drilling rig: After the drilling rig is installed in place, vertical forward guide hole operation is carried out to drill an initial guide hole at a predetermined position to provide guidance and positioning for subsequent construction steps; S4, reverse drilling rig erection: by laying rails, wooden boards, inclined pads and other auxiliary tools to raise the machine body in the opposite direction of the guide hole path, the reverse drilling rig erection can be achieved; S5, secondary drilling guide: reasonably configure the stable drill rod, control the drill bit to drill in a straight line along the hole opening direction during the drilling process, and reasonably control the drilling speed; S6, install the reaming cutter head for reverse reaming: reaming the hole from the other end of the drilled hole to reach the required hole diameter to meet the construction requirements; S7, finishing and handing over: The construction is completed after the drill bit hoisting, machine dismantling, working face cleaning, wellhead protection, working face handover and other works.

2. The reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the drilling speed is reasonably controlled by a speed control device, the speed control device comprising a fixed frame (101), a drilling rig body (104) is arranged inside the fixed frame (101), a telescopic rotary motor (203) is arranged inside the drilling rig body (104), a rotary drill bit (208) is arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic rotary motor (203), the telescopic rotary motor (203) and the rotary drill bit (208) are used to perform vertical forward drilling of the skylight, and a connecting block (103) is fixedly connected to an inner wall of one side of the fixed frame (101) close to the drilling rig body (104). The connecting block (103) is fixedly connected to the surface of the drilling machine body (104) at a side away from the inner wall of the fixed frame (101); a plurality of insertion plates (102) are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed frame (101); a level meter body (105) is fixedly connected to the top end of the drilling machine body (104); a wire hole (106) is provided at the top end of the drilling machine body (104); a fixing groove (108) is provided at the bottom end of the wire hole (106) inside the drilling machine body (104); and two locking grooves (107) are symmetrically provided at the top end of the fixing groove (108) inside the drilling machine body (104). The drilling rig body (104) is provided with an arc groove (109) at the bottom end of the positioning groove (107), the telescopic rotating motor (203) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing groove (108), the top of the telescopic rotating motor (203) is fixedly connected to a series line 1 (202), the series line 1 (202) is fixedly connected to the inside of the line hole (106), the top of the series line 1 (202) is fixedly connected to a start button (201), the start button (201) is fixedly connected to the top of the drilling rig body (104), and the top of the telescopic rotating motor (203) is located at both sides of the series line 1 (202). Two series wires (204) are symmetrically fixedly connected, the middle of each series wire (204) is fixedly connected to a signal conversion device (205), the bottom of each series wire (204) is fixedly connected to an infrared detector (206), the series wire (204) and the signal conversion device (205) are arranged inside a positioning slot (107), the two infrared detectors (206) are respectively fixedly connected inside two arc-shaped slots (109), the bottom end of the telescopic rotating motor (203) is provided with an automatic telescopic rod (207), and the rotary drill bit (208) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the automatic telescopic rod (207).

3. The reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the foundation concrete pouring needs to be cured for three to four days. After the curing intensity reaches the standard, the center point of the drilling is measured and verified, and the center point of the drilling and the drilling rig installation axis are determined. The total power of the patio drilling rig is about 180kw, and the power distribution station is no more than 500m away from the working face. The transformer and power cable used in the patio construction are not shared with other equipment, and the working face is equipped with a ventilation system and a lighting system.

4. The reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the installation steps are to install tracks on the concrete foundation of the drilling rig, hoist the main machine, install the track clamp, install the hydraulic station, connect the oil pipe on the operating table, connect the cable water pipe and other auxiliary facilities, and debug the machine. The installation of the hydraulic pump station and the operating table needs to be installed according to the pre-planned site layout and calibrated with a spirit level. All equipment components must be cleaned before the oil pipe is connected. The cleaning is used to ensure that debris does not enter the hydraulic system. The entire line system needs to be carefully checked after the electrical line is installed. The debugging machine is used to ensure correct installation and the safety of equipment personnel.

5. A reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the drilling rig is preliminarily calibrated to 90° by a digital angle meter, a tiny mark is arbitrarily made on the reduction box of the drilling rig, and the coordinates of the marks when the reduction box falls to the lowest position and rises to the highest position are recorded. The coordinates can accurately display that the guide hole opening angle of the host is 90°. A hole opening stabilizer is installed before the hole opening, and the hole opening stabilizer is used to stabilize the normal drilling of the drill rod. After the guide hole is drilled, the horizontality and verticality of the fuselage are accurately measured at multiple angles with a level ruler and a plumb bob. After the measurement is completed, the principle of similar triangles is used to lay out the deflection direction, angle and distance of the guide hole path in CAD.

6. A reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, when the drilling rig is in reverse standing position, people are prohibited from standing nearby. After the drilling rig's elevation and tilting cylinders are raised to their maximum stroke, the machine body and the main engine base are fixed with inclined tie rods.

7. The reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: In step S5, the wear condition of the wear-resistant alloy block of the stabilizing drill rod is observed before drilling, and the observation is used to ensure that the drill bit is concentric with the drill rod and the accuracy of drilling. The reasonable control of the drilling speed is used to control the deviation of the angle, and the rotation speed determines the drilling speed.

8. The reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step S6, after the guide hole is penetrated, the guide hole drill bit is disassembled in the lower chamber with the assistance of oxygen and acetylene. After the guide hole drill bit is disassembled, the reaming cutter disc is installed. The rock chips broken down during the reaming drilling are transported out by the scraper. After the reaming cutter disc is connected, the drill tool is slowly lifted up. After the reaming cutter disc completely enters the rock, the lifting pulling force and rotation speed can be appropriately increased to ensure that all the rollers are evenly stressed to carry out reaming.

9. The reverse vertical machine construction method for drilling a chute in a high-angle rock formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, during the hole enlarging process, care must be taken not to allow the roller cutter to grind against the bottom of the drilling rig or other parts. When the drill bit is 3 m from the foundation, the drilling pressure must be reduced and the drilling must be slowed down until the hole enlarging is completed.

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