Distributed measuring equipment in well drilling

Abstract

The invention discloses distributed measurement equipment in well drilling, which is characterized in that a distributed measurement module and a position marking module which are provided with respective position labels are arranged on a drill column from top to bottom, and a circulating measurement and control module which can circularly move among a ground terminal module, the drill column and a shaft is arranged; the circulating measurement and control module collects first data information in the movement process, the distributed measurement module collects second data information, and when the circulating measurement and control module moves to the detection range of the distributed measurement module, the second data information sent by the distributed measurement module is obtained and stored. When the circulating measurement and control module moves into the detection range of the position marking module, the position label sent by the position marking module is received, first data information collected at present is recorded, and when the circulating measurement and control module moves into the detection range of the ground terminal module, the ground terminal module reads the data information in the circulating measurement and control module and sends the data information to the ground terminal module; distributed measurement along a drill column in oil and gas drilling is achieved, and development of the drilling technology is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and in particular to a distributed measuring device in drilling. Background Art

[0002] High-precision mapping of borehole temperature, pressure and drilling tool stress field is the key to downhole drilling tool working condition analysis, construction efficiency evaluation, complex prevention and treatment, theoretical model improvement and optimization, drilling parameter decision and control, and is the core requirement for the application of intelligent drilling technology. However, due to the limited downhole data transmission rate, the research and development and application of high-frequency and high-resolution equipment are severely restricted; the existing downhole single-point measurement equipment is large in size and has high hydraulic friction, which cannot adapt to the needs of distributed, large-scale, high-resolution, and high-definition mapping and modeling, and cannot meet the data volume requirements of drilling digitization and intelligent decision-making.

[0003] Fiber optic measurement is a commonly used distributed measurement method, mainly including distributed temperature sensing (DTS), distributed stress sensing (DSS), distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), distributed pressure sensor (DPS) and other fiber optic sensing technologies. Among them, distributed temperature sensors are the most mature, and several other sensors have just been launched or are in the research and development test stage. However, since the optical fiber must be continuously inserted into the pipe, it is mutually exclusive with the non-continuous drill pipe order and drilling process of oil and gas drilling. At present, the relevant technology is only used in the fields of completion, cementing, and oil production, and does not meet the application conditions for drilling construction.

[0004] In view of this, how to provide a distributed measurement device along the drill string suitable for oil and gas drilling becomes a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a distributed measurement device in drilling, which can realize distributed measurement along the drill string in oil and gas drilling during use, thereby facilitating the development of drilling technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a distributed measurement device in drilling, comprising: a ground terminal module, a circulation measurement and control module, a distributed measurement module and a position marking module, wherein the distributed measurement module and the position marking module are distributed from top to bottom along the drill string, and the distributed measurement module and the position marking module are provided with respective position tags, and the circulation measurement and control module can perform a circulation motion between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore along the drill string and the wellbore; wherein:

[0007] The cyclic measurement and control module is used to collect first data information during the movement process, and when moving into the detection range of the distributed measurement module, obtain second data information sent by the distributed measurement module, and store the second data information; when moving into the detection range of the position marking module, receive the position tag sent by the position marking module, and record and store the position tag and the first data information currently collected;

[0008] The distributed measurement module is used to collect second data information and send the second data information to the cyclic measurement and control module when detecting that the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range;

[0009] The position marking module is used to send the position tag to the cycle measurement and control module when detecting that the cycle measurement and control module moves into its detection range;

[0010] The ground terminal module is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic measurement and control module when the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range.

[0011] In one embodiment, the distributed measurement module is disposed in a low temperature zone on the drill string; and the position marking module is disposed in a high temperature zone of the drill string.

[0012] In one embodiment, the ground terminal module is further used to write a control instruction to the cyclic measurement and control module when the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range, wherein the control instruction carries a target identification code;

[0013] The distributed measurement module is used to obtain the target identification code carried in the control instruction when detecting that the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range, and send the second data information to the cyclic measurement and control module when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code; the second data information carries the location tag of the distributed measurement module;

[0014] The position marking module is used to obtain the target identification code carried in the control instruction when it detects that the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range, and send the position tag to the cyclic measurement and control module when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second data information includes a combination of one or more of drill string weight on bit, drill string torque, fluid pressure in the drill string, fluid pressure in the annular space between the drill string and the wellbore, drill string vibration parameters, drill string rotation parameters and temperature.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first data information includes fluid pressure and temperature.

[0017] In one embodiment, the ground terminal module includes a sorting pool, a reading module, a writing module, a storage pool, a control terminal, an internal circulation pump and a control valve. The inlet of the sorting pool is connected to the upper outlet of the wellbore, the first outlet of the sorting pool is connected to the input end of the reading module, the output end of the reading module is connected to the first inlet of the storage pool, the internal circulation pump is connected to the second inlet of the storage pool, the output port of the storage pool is connected to the inlet of the writing module, the outlet of the writing module is connected to the first end of the control valve, the second end of the control valve is connected to the third inlet of the storage pool, the output end of the control valve is connected to the inlet of the drill string, and each control end of the control terminal is respectively connected to the control end of the reading module, the writing module, the control valve and the internal circulation pump, wherein:

[0018] The sorting tank is used to receive the fluid containing the circulation measurement and control module flowing out of the wellbore through the inlet, and output the circulation measurement and control module from the first outlet to the reading module;

[0019] The reading module is used to read the data information stored in the cycle measurement and control module and send the read data information to the control terminal;

[0020] The storage pool is used to temporarily store and charge the cycle measurement and control module;

[0021] The writing module is used to initialize the cyclic measurement and control module and write control instructions under the control of the control terminal;

[0022] The control valve is used to switch the circulation path within the ground control terminal module or the wellbore circulation path under the control of the control terminal;

[0023] The control terminal is used to control the reading module, the writing module and the control valve accordingly, and receive the data information sent by the reading module, and obtain the stress and temperature and pressure field distribution along the drill string based on the data information; and is used to send corresponding control instructions to the writing module;

[0024] The internal circulation pump is used to drive the circulation measurement and control module to circulate in the ground terminal module or to inject the circulation measurement and control module into the U-shaped space between the drill string and the wellbore.

[0025] In one embodiment, there are multiple circulation measurement and control modules, and each circulation measurement and control module is put into the drill string in batches at different times;

[0026] The control terminal is also used to record the input time corresponding to each of the cycle measurement and control modules.

[0027] In one embodiment, the circulation measurement and control module is a closed spherical module containing a biased cavity.

[0028] In one embodiment, the circulation measurement and control module includes: a spherical shell, a biased cavity arranged on one side of the spherical shell, a ring antenna arranged in the biased cavity, a first integrated circuit arranged on the other side of the spherical shell, a temperature and pressure measurement unit and a rechargeable battery, and epoxy resin filled around the first integrated circuit, the temperature and pressure measurement unit and the rechargeable battery.

[0029] In one embodiment, the distributed measurement module includes an integrated measurement and control module and a read-write antenna, and the distributed measurement module is connected to the drill string via threads.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention provides a distributed measurement device in drilling, including: a ground terminal module, a circulation measurement and control module, a distributed measurement module and a position marking module, the distributed measurement module and the position marking module are distributed from top to bottom along the drill string, the distributed measurement module and the position marking module are provided with respective position tags, and the circulation measurement and control module can perform a circulation movement between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore along the drill string and the wellbore; wherein: the circulation measurement and control module is used to collect first data information during the movement, and when moving into the detection range of the distributed measurement module, obtain second data information sent by the distributed measurement module, and store the second data information; during the movement When the drill string is within the detection range of the position marking module, the position tag sent by the position marking module is received, and the position tag and the first data information currently collected are recorded and stored; the distributed measurement module is used to collect the second data information, and when the circulation measurement and control module is detected to move into its detection range, the second data information is sent to the circulation measurement and control module; the position marking module is used to send the position tag to the circulation measurement and control module when the circulation measurement and control module is detected to move into its detection range; the ground terminal module is used to read the data information stored in the circulation measurement and control module when the circulation measurement and control module moves into its detection range, and obtain the temperature and pressure field distribution along the drill string based on the data information.

[0031] It can be seen that in the present application, a distributed measurement module and a position marking module with respective position tags are arranged from top to bottom on the drill string, and a circulating measurement and control module that can circulate between the ground terminal module, the drill string and the wellbore is arranged. The circulating measurement and control module collects first data information during the movement, and the distributed measurement module collects second data information. When the circulating measurement and control module moves within the detection range of the distributed measurement module, the second data information sent by the distributed measurement module is obtained and stored. When the circulating measurement and control module moves within the detection range of the position marking module, the position tag sent by the position marking module is received and the first data information currently collected is recorded. Then, when the circulating measurement and control module moves within the detection range of the ground terminal module, the ground terminal module reads the data information in the circulating measurement and control module, thereby realizing distributed measurement along the drill string in oil and gas drilling, which is beneficial to the development of drilling technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the prior art and the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed measurement device in drilling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cyclic measurement and control module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a distributed measurement module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a distributed measurement module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of another distributed measurement device in drilling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the posture of a horizontal wellbore / pipeline internal circulation measurement and control module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the posture of a horizontal wellbore / pipeline internal circulation measurement and control module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8A schematic diagram of a wellbore data structure within the T8 period provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention provides a distributed measurement device in drilling, which realizes distributed measurement along the drill string in oil and gas drilling during use, and is beneficial to the development of drilling technology.

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that optical fiber measurement is a commonly used distributed measurement method, mainly including distributed temperature sensing (DTS), distributed stress sensing (DSS), distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), distributed pressure sensor (DPS) and other optical fiber sensing technologies. Among them, distributed temperature sensors are the most mature, and the other sensors have just been launched or are in the research and development test stage.

[0044] However, fiber optic distributed measurement requires that a whole continuous optical fiber be inserted into the wellbore. In actual drilling operations, several thousand meters of drill string is threaded into the underground wellbore through 10-meter drill strings. Continuous optical fiber cannot be inserted into the non-continuous drill string without being cut off, which is mutually exclusive with the non-continuous drill pipe order and drilling process of oil and gas drilling. Therefore, existing optical fiber distributed measurement and other similar continuous measurement tools do not meet the application conditions of drilling construction.

[0045] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a distributed measurement device in drilling. Figure 1 , Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a distributed measurement device in drilling provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The distributed measurement device in drilling comprises: a ground terminal module 1, a circulating measurement and control module 2, a distributed measurement module 3 and a position marking module 4. The distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 are distributed from top to bottom along the drill string. The distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 are provided with respective position tags. The circulating measurement and control module 2 can perform a circulating motion along the drill string A and the wellbore B at the bottom of the ground terminal module 1 and the wellbore B; wherein:

[0046] The cyclic measurement and control module 2 is used to collect the first data information during the movement, and when it moves into the detection range of the distributed measurement module 3, obtain the second data information sent by the distributed measurement module 3, and store the second data information; when it moves into the detection range of the position marking module 4, receive the position tag sent by the position marking module 4, and record and store the position tag and the first data information currently collected;

[0047] The distributed measurement module 3 is used to collect the second data information and send the second data information to the cyclic measurement and control module 2 when detecting that the cyclic measurement and control module 2 moves into its detection range;

[0048] The position marking module 4 is used to send the position tag to the circulation measurement and control module 2 when it detects that the circulation measurement and control module 2 moves into its detection range;

[0049] The ground terminal module 1 is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic measurement and control module 2 when the cyclic measurement and control module 2 moves into its detection range.

[0050] In one embodiment, the distributed measurement module 3 is disposed in a low temperature area of ​​the drill string A; and the position marking module 4 is disposed in a high temperature area of ​​the drill string A.

[0051] It should be noted that the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 in the embodiment of the present invention can be arranged on the drill string A, and can be specifically distributed from top to bottom along the drill string A. The distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 are each provided with their own position tags. Through the relative position of the position tag surface itself on the drill string A, the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 are successively lowered into the wellbore as the drilling process proceeds. The circulation measurement and control module 2 can circulate in the U-shaped space formed between the ground terminal module 1 and the wellbore B. The circulation measurement and control module 2 can collect the first data information in real time during the movement. The distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 can both detect the circulation measurement and control module 2. Specifically, the distributed measurement module 3 will collect the second data information in real time, and when the circulation measurement and control module 2 moves into the detection range of the distributed measurement module 3, the second data information will be sent to (or written into) the circulation measurement and control module 2. After the circulation measurement and control module 2 obtains the second data information sent by the distributed measurement module 3, it will store the second data information. Specifically, the range of the second data information is all data collected after the last writing to the circulation measurement and control module 2 and before this writing, as well as the timestamp corresponding to each data. The second data information can carry the position tag of the distributed measurement module 3, so as to mark the position of the data collected at each collection moment in the second data information relative to the drill string through the position tag. Further, combined with the working time of the drill string, the sampling position corresponding to each collection moment can be determined, thereby determining the data information of each sampling position. In addition, after the distributed measurement module 2 sends the second data information to the cyclic measurement and control module 2 (that is, after the second data information is written into the cyclic measurement and control module 2), the distributed measurement module 2 will clear the cache and continue the collection and storage of the next cycle.

[0052] When the position marking module 4 detects that the cyclic measurement and control module 2 moves into the detection range of the position marking module 4, the position marking module 4 will send the corresponding position tag to the cyclic measurement and control module 2. After receiving the position tag sent by the position marking module 4, the position marking module 4 records the position tag, and records and stores the first data information currently collected. Specifically, the first data information currently collected can be marked with the position tag to mark the position of the first data information relative to the drill string A through the position tag. Further, combined with the working time of the drill string, the sampling position corresponding to the current collection moment can be determined, thereby determining the data information of the sampling position.

[0053] When the cyclic measurement and control module 2 moves into the detection range of the ground terminal module 1, the ground terminal module 1 can read the data information stored in the cyclic measurement and control module 2, thereby obtaining the data information collected at each sampling position and realizing distributed measurement of multiple sampling positions along the drill string A.

[0054] in addition, Figure 1 The drilling pump group in the well can drive the fluid to be injected into the drill string A. The circulation measurement and control module 2 of the sorting pool moves along the fluid channel in the drill string A and the drill tool-wellbore annular space under the drive of the ground drilling pump group.

[0055] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The circulation measurement and control module 2 in the embodiment of the present invention is a closed spherical module containing a biased cavity. The circulation measurement and control module 2 is subjected to the buoyancy and drag force of the fluid during movement, and thus circulates with the fluid in the U-shaped space formed between the ground terminal module 1 and the wellbore B.

[0056] Furthermore, the cyclic measurement and control module 2 includes: a spherical shell 20, a biased cavity 21 arranged on one side of the spherical shell 20, a loop antenna 22 arranged in the biased cavity 21, a first integrated circuit 23, a temperature and pressure measuring unit 24 and a rechargeable battery 25 arranged on the other side of the spherical shell 20, and an epoxy resin 26 filled around the first integrated circuit 23, the temperature and pressure measuring unit 24 and the rechargeable battery 25.

[0057] It should be noted that the circulation measurement and control module 2 in the embodiment of the present invention is a closed spherical device containing a biased cavity 21, which is used for mapping and storing the temperature and pressure field of the wellbore and for data interaction with the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4. Half of the sphere can be used to set the biased cavity 21, and the other half of the sphere can be arranged with a temperature and pressure measurement unit 24, a first integrated circuit 23, a rechargeable battery 25, and a loop antenna 22. Among them, the temperature and pressure measurement unit 24 can be composed of an optical fiber stress and temperature sensor, or a temperature-sensitive resistor and a strain gauge; the first integrated circuit 23 includes an antenna multiplexer, a receiver, a transmitter, a microcontroller, a memory, a timer and other electronic modules, which are used to integrate the charge and discharge management, data communication, data storage and other functions of the circulation measurement and control module; the temperature and pressure measurement unit 24, the first integrated circuit 23, and the rechargeable battery 25 are axially stacked and sealed by epoxy resin 26 in the circulation communication module housing, forming a closed sphere with an upper cavity and a lower epoxy resin. Specifically, the loop antenna can be sealed in epoxy resin or fixed inside the cavitation bubble.

[0058] Specifically, in practical applications, the first data information collected by the circulation measurement and control module 2 may include fluid pressure and temperature. The fluid pressure may be the fluid pressure in the drill string or the fluid pressure in the annular space between the drill string and the wellbore.

[0059] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The distributed measurement module 3 in the embodiment of the present invention includes an integrated measurement and control module and a read-write antenna, and the distributed measurement module 3 is connected to the drill string A through threads.

[0060] It should be noted that the distributed measurement module 3 in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to measure drilling pressure, torque, internal and external annular pressure, vibration, and rotation, and cache the measurement results inside the module until the cyclic measurement and control module 2 enters its radio frequency reading and writing range, and then writes the measurement results, timestamp, measurement position and other parameter information into the cyclic measurement and control module 2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The internal structure diagram and the overall structure diagram of the distributed measurement module are shown, wherein the overall structure diagram includes a main body 31, a downstream sealing ring 32, an electronic module 33, and an upstream sealing ring 34. The electronic module 33 of the distributed measurement module 3 can be composed of an integrated measurement and control module and a read-write antenna, which is independently powered by a downhole battery or a downhole generator, and the distributed measurement module 3 can be installed on the drill string A through threads.

[0061] Specifically, the second data information collected by the distributed measurement module 3 in the embodiment of the present invention may include a combination of one or more of the drill string drilling pressure, drill string torque, fluid pressure in the drill string, fluid pressure in the annular space between the drill string and the wellbore, drill string vibration parameters, drill string rotation parameters and temperature, and which data are specifically included can be determined according to actual needs.

[0062] In addition, the position marking module 4 in the embodiment of the present invention can be composed of an integrated control module and a read-write antenna, and can be independently powered by a downhole battery or a downhole generator. In practical applications, the position marking module 4 can form a short section by itself, or it can be attached to the inner and outer surfaces of the drill pipe after a simple modification of the drill pipe structure. After the circulating measurement and control module 2 enters the radio frequency reading and writing range of the position marking module 4, the position tag is written to the circulating measurement and control module 2. Of course, the surveying and mapping instructions can also be written to the circulating measurement and control module 2 according to actual needs.

[0063] That is, the distributed measurement module 3 in the embodiment of the present invention has the functions of position marking, parameter measurement, and data writing (circular measurement and control module 2); the position marking module 4 has the functions of position marking and data writing (circular measurement and control module 2). Among them, the function and structure of the position marking module 4 are simpler, and it can be installed at any position of the drill string A by pasting without changing the structure of the existing drilling tool, which is more flexible to use and has a lower cost.

[0064] It should be noted that the circulating measurement and control module 2 moves along the fluid channel in the drill string A and the annular space between the drill tool and the wellbore under the drive of the ground drilling pump group. Due to the influence of its own buoyancy and fluid drag force, the cavitation direction of the circulating measurement and control module 2 will deflect to a certain extent, resulting in the coil axis of the circulating measurement and control module 2 not always being consistent with the wellbore axis ( Figure 6 , Figure 7 ).

[0065] For radio frequency communication, the efficiency and effect are the highest when the direction of the communication magnetic field is perpendicular to the axis of the coil itself. Therefore, for low-power radio frequency data transmission, the axis of the read-write coil of the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 should be consistent with the axis of the coil of the circulation measurement and control module 2 as much as possible ( Figure 6 , Figure 7 ). However, considering that in actual drilling operations, the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 are lowered into the wellbore together with the drill bit, and affected by the wellbore trajectory, the same drilling tool will experience multiple posture changes from vertical to inclined to horizontal (except for completion tools and tubing, because completion tools and tubing are fixed, but drilling tools and tubing move up and down along the axis of the wellbore), it is impossible to specifically design antennas that meet the orientation requirements. Therefore, the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 can be composed of at least 3 directional antennas ( Figure 6 - Two can be set along the radial direction. Figure 7 1) can be set along the axial direction and arranged in sequence, so as to ensure that in any posture, the axial direction of at least one group of antennas is close to the axial direction of the antenna of the loop measurement and control module 2, thereby ensuring that the flux of the reading and writing magnetic field generated by the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 in the antenna of the loop measurement and control module 2 is not zero and is as large as possible, thereby improving the reliability of data interaction between modules.

[0066] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 The ground terminal module 1 in the embodiment of the present invention includes a sorting pool 11, a reading module 12, a writing module 13, a storage pool 14, a control terminal 15, an internal circulation pump 16 and a control valve 17. The inlet of the sorting pool 11 is connected to the upper outlet of the wellbore B, the first outlet of the sorting pool 11 is connected to the input end of the reading module 12, the output end of the reading module 12 is connected to the first inlet of the storage pool 14, the internal circulation pump 16 is connected to the second inlet of the storage pool 14, the output port of the storage pool 14 is connected to the inlet of the writing module 13, the outlet of the writing module 13 is connected to the first end of the control valve 17, the second end of the control valve 17 is connected to the third inlet of the storage pool 14, the output end of the control valve 17 is connected to the inlet of the drill string A, and the control ends of the control terminal 15 are respectively connected to the control ends of the reading module 12, the writing module 13, the control valve and the internal circulation pump 16, wherein:

[0067] The sorting tank 11 is used to receive the fluid containing the circulating measurement and control module 2 flowing out from the wellbore through the inlet, and output the circulating measurement and control module 2 from the first outlet to the reading module 13;

[0068] The reading module 12 is used to read the data information stored in the cycle measurement and control module 2 and send the read data information to the control terminal 15;

[0069] The storage pool 14 is used to temporarily store and charge the cycle measurement and control module 2;

[0070] The writing module 13 is used to initialize the cycle measurement and control module 2 and write control instructions under the control of the control terminal 15;

[0071] The control valve 17 is used to switch the circulation path in the ground control terminal module 1 or the circulation path in the wellbore B under the control of the control terminal 15;

[0072] The control terminal 15 is used to control the reading module 12, the writing module 13 and the control valve 17 accordingly, and receive the data information sent by the reading module 12, and obtain the stress and temperature and pressure field distribution along the drill string A based on the data information; and is used to send the corresponding control instructions to the writing module 13;

[0073] The internal circulation pump 16 is used to drive the circulation measurement and control module 2 to circulate in the ground terminal module 1 or to inject the circulation measurement and control module 2 into the U-shaped space between the drill string A and the wellbore B.

[0074] It should be noted that during the drilling process, the fluid containing the circulating measurement and control module 2 flowing out from the wellbore B enters the entrance of the sorting pool 11, and the sorting pool 11 outputs the circulating measurement and control module 2 in the fluid from the first outlet to the reading module 12, and the reading module 12 reads the data information stored in the circulating measurement and control module 2 entering, and sends the read data information to the control terminal 15, so that the control terminal 15 analyzes the received data information to obtain the stress and temperature and pressure field distribution along the drill string A; the reading module 12 outputs the circulating measurement and control module 2 to the storage pool 14, and the storage pool 14 can temporarily store the circulating measurement and control module 2, and can also charge the circulating measurement and control module, specifically, wireless charging, so that the circulating measurement and control module 2 can be charged in the ground terminal module 1 during the circulation process, without charging underground, reducing the consumption of underground electricity and reducing the setting of underground charging equipment, which is conducive to reducing the size of the equipment. Among them, a coil is wound inside the storage pool 14, and after the storage pool 14 is connected to an external power supply, wireless charging can be performed based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Specifically, the circulation measurement and control module 2 output from the storage pool 14 enters the writing module 13, the writing module 13 receives the control instruction of the control terminal 15, and initializes and writes the control instruction to the circulation measurement and control module 2 according to the control instruction, so that the circulation measurement and control module 2 carries the corresponding control instruction, and the writing module 13 outputs the circulation measurement and control module 2 with the initialization completed and the control instruction written to the control valve 17, the control valve 17 can switch the circulation within the ground control terminal module 1 or the drill string A-wellbore B circulation path according to the control instruction of the control terminal 15, and the internal circulation pump 16 drives the circulation measurement and control module 2 to circulate within the ground terminal module 1 or inject the circulation measurement and control module 2 into the U-shaped space between the drill string A and the wellbore B, that is, inject into the upstream inlet of the drill string A, and then enter the wellbore B through the drill bit water hole at the downstream end of the drill string A, and then enter the sorting pool 11 through the annular channel between the drill string A and the wellbore B through the upstream outlet of the wellbore B. That is, when circulating within the ground control terminal module 1, the circulation measurement and control module 2, driven by the internal circulation pump 16, circulates and processes information in the corresponding module within the ground control terminal module 1; when circulating the drill string A-wellbore B, the circulation measurement and control module 2 is driven by the internal circulation pump 16 and is injected into the upstream inlet of the drill string A, so that the circulation measurement and control module 2 circulates in the space between the drill string A and the wellbore B.

[0075] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, when performing underground ground communication, the control terminal 15 operates the internal circulation pump 16 to start, sends the control instructions that need to be written into the circulation measurement and control module 2 to the writing module 13, and the control valve 17 switches to the circulation channel of the drill string A. After the internal circulation pump 16 is turned on, the circulation measurement and control module 2 in the storage pool 14 enters the writing module 13 driven by the fluid, wherein the circulation measurement and control module 2 is in a dormant state by default and will only enter an activated state when it is written by radio frequency; the writing module 13 records the information of the circulation measurement and control module 2 entering the writing module 13 through radio frequency reading operation, and establishes data records; through radio frequency writing operation, the initialization activation and configuration writing operation of the circulation measurement and control module 2 are performed in sequence. When the circulation measurement and control module 2 receives the writing module initialization instruction, the storage chip formatting operation is performed; after receiving the writing module 13 configuration instruction, the configuration instruction is written into the storage chip. The content written by the configuration instruction can be the configuration parameters of the circulation measurement and control module 2 itself, or the instruction parameters that need to be passed from the circulation measurement and control module 2 to the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4. After the writing module 13 completes the writing, the outlet of the writing module 13 is opened, and the circulation measurement and control module 2 enters the control valve 17 along the fluid channel. The control valve 17 is switched to the drill string A circulation channel under the control of the control terminal 15. The circulation measurement and control module 2 is injected into the drill string A under the drive of the internal circulation pump 16.

[0076] It can be understood that the circulation measurement and control module 2 moves with the fluid under the drag of the fluid in the inlet tube, passes through the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 in sequence along the way, performs the stress measurement data writing and temperature and pressure data mapping tasks, and finally returns to the ground in a U-shaped trajectory and enters the sorting pool 11. Since the circulation measurement and control module 2 contains cavitation, it will float on the upper part of the sorting pool 11 in the sorting pool 11, and then can be sorted into the reading module 12 through the first outlet set above the sorting pool 11. The second outlet of the sorting pool 11 is set below the sorting pool, and the fluid can flow out to the solid control device of the circulation system through the second outlet below. The reading module 12 reads the data in the circulation measurement and control module 2 in batches through the radio frequency reader, and then sends the circulation measurement module 2 to the storage pool 14 for charging. The read data is uploaded to the control terminal 15 by the reading module 12, and after the data recorded by the writing module 13 are converged, subsequent analysis and processing are carried out.

[0077] In one embodiment, the ground terminal module 1 is further used to write a control instruction to the cyclic measurement and control module 2 when the cyclic measurement and control module 2 moves into its detection range, and the control instruction carries a target identification code;

[0078] The distributed measurement module 3 is used to obtain the target identification code carried in the control instruction when detecting that the cyclic measurement and control module 22 moves into its detection range, and send the second data information to the cyclic measurement and control module 2 when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code; the second data information carries the location tag of the distributed measurement module 3;

[0079] The position marking module 4 is used to obtain the target identification code carried in the control instruction when it detects that the cyclic measurement and control module 2 moves into its detection range, and send the position tag to the cyclic measurement and control module 2 when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code.

[0080] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, multiple distributed measurement modules 3, multiple position marking modules 4 and multiple cyclic measurement and control modules 2 can be set up, each distributed measurement module 3 is respectively provided with its own identification code, and each position marking module 4 is also respectively provided with its own identification code. After the circulating measurement and control module 2 enters the writing system 13 in the ground terminal module 1, the writing system 13 will initialize the circulating measurement and control module 2 and write control instructions. The written control instructions carry a target identification code. After the circulating measurement and control module 2 is injected into the drill string A, it performs corresponding movement. When it moves within the detection range of the distributed measurement module 3, the distributed measurement module 3 will obtain the target identification code carried by the control instruction in the circulating measurement and control module 2, and compare the target identification code with the identification code of the distributed measurement module 3 itself. When the two are consistent, it means that the control instruction is for the distributed measurement module 3. At this time, the distributed measurement module 3 can send the collected second data information to the circulating measurement and control module 2. The specific distributed measurement module 3 can also execute the control instruction sent by the circulating measurement and control module 2, wherein the second data information carries the location tag of the distributed measurement module 3, and of course the second data information can also carry the unique identification code of the distributed measurement module 3.

[0081] Specifically, when the cyclic measurement and control module 2 flows through the antenna read-write range of the distributed measurement module 3, after the distributed measurement module 3 reads the identification information of the cyclic measurement and control module 2, it writes the second data information cached in the cyclic measurement and control module 2, and its information range is all the measurement information with timestamps collected and stored in the time interval from the last write to the current write and the unique identification code of the distributed measurement module 3. After the second data information is written, the cache of the distributed measurement module 3 is cleared and the next cycle of collection and storage continues. When the self-identification code of the distributed measurement module 3 is consistent with the target identification code (that is, when the cyclic measurement and control module 2 stores the configuration command corresponding to the distributed measurement and control module), the distributed measurement module 3 operates according to the control instruction, and the operation content includes but is not limited to function execution, configuration command writing, collection data transmission, action execution feedback, configuration parameter feedback, etc.

[0082] It should also be noted that in actual applications, when the distributed measurement module 3 detects that the cyclic measurement and control module 22 moves into its detection range, it can actively obtain the target identification code carried in the control instruction of the cyclic measurement and control module 2 and match the target identification code with its own identification code, or it can send its own identification code to the cyclic measurement and control module 2, and the cyclic measurement and control module 2 will match the identification code sent by the distributed measurement module 3 with the identification code carried in the control instruction. There can be multiple control instructions, so as to determine whether there is a target identification code that matches the identification code of the distributed measurement module 3. If there is a matching target identification code, the control instruction corresponding to the target identification code can be sent to the distributed measurement module 3, so that the distributed measurement module 3 performs the operation corresponding to the control instruction.

[0083] In addition, after the distributed measurement module 3 writes data, the cyclic measurement and control module 2 can also synchronously perform a set of temperature and pressure measurements, and the measurement records are listed after the data records written by the distributed measurement module 3 (sharing the same unique identification code of the distributed measurement module 3 for measuring position positioning).

[0084] When the cycle measurement and control module 2 moves into the detection range of the position marking module 4, the position marking module 4 will obtain the target identification code carried by the control instruction in the cycle measurement and control module 2, and compare the target identification code with the identification code of the position marking module 4 itself. If the two are consistent, it means that the control instruction is for the position marking module 4. At this time, the position marking module 4 can send its position tag to the cycle measurement and control module 2. The cycle measurement and control module 2 records and stores the first data information currently collected, and uses the position tag to mark the first data information. The specific position marking module 4 can also execute the control instruction sent by the cycle measurement and control module 2.

[0085] In addition, when the loop measurement and control module 2 flows through the antenna reading and writing range of the position marking module 4, after the position marking module 4 reads the identification information of the loop measurement and control module 2, it can also write its unique identification code into the loop measurement and control module 2, and the loop measurement and control module 2 compares the target identification code carried in the control instruction with the identification code of the position marking module 4. When the two are consistent, it means that the loop measurement and control module 2 contains the control command corresponding to the position marking module. The loop measurement and control module 2 can send the matching control instruction to the position marking module 4, and the position marking module 4 performs corresponding operations according to the control instruction, wherein the operation content includes but is not limited to configuration command writing, mutual transmission of collected data, action execution feedback, configuration parameter feedback, etc.

[0086] It should also be noted that when the cyclic measurement and control module 2 is initialized and configured in the writing module 13, it can only write control instructions for a certain distributed measurement module 3 or position marking module 4, or it can write control instructions for multiple distributed measurement modules 3 or position marking modules 4, which can be specifically defined by the identification code. There are many types of identification codes: each module identification code is a unique code, corresponding to each module one by one, and is used for data aggregation, analysis, and processing. The universal identification code is a grouping identification code, which is used to group modules, and the control instructions based on the universal identification code standard are executed by all modules in the same universal identification code group. Among them, the universal identification code can be configured on the ground, or it can be configured underground by the cyclic measurement and control module 2.

[0087] Ground configuration of the universal identification code: Each distributed measurement module 3 or position marking module 4 can be configured directly through the host computer.

[0088] Downhole configuration of universal identification code: Distributed measurement module 3 or position marking module 4 is grouped and allocated with universal identification code at control terminal 15, and relevant configuration information is written into circulation measurement and control module 2 with identification code as label, and circulation measurement and control module 2 is injected into the wellbore circulation channel. After the distributed measurement module 3 or position marking module 4 recognizes that the circulation measurement and control module 2 has passed, it reads the instruction information in it, and after finding that the identification code of distributed measurement module 3 or position marking module 4 marked by it matches its own identification code, it executes the universal identification code configuration operation.

[0089] In one embodiment, there are multiple circulation measurement and control modules 2, and each circulation measurement and control module 2 is put into the drill string A in batches at different times;

[0090] The control terminal 15 is also used to record the input time corresponding to each cycle measurement and control module.

[0091] It should be noted that a circulation measurement and control module 2 can only perform pressure measurement and temperature measurement of the fluid environment in which it is located, and due to the method of placing the measurement, a single circulation measurement and control module 2 can only exist at a certain position inside or outside the drill string at a certain depth at the same time. Therefore, although a single circulation measurement and control module 2 can obtain the temperature and pressure data at each position of the entire circulation process, the time for obtaining each data is different, that is, a single circulation measurement and control module 2 cannot obtain the wellbore temperature and pressure field data at the same time. Therefore, the circulation measurement and control modules 2 in the embodiment of the present invention are multiple, and are placed in batches multiple times, so that at any time, there is no less than one circulation measurement and control module 2 distributed at each measuring point position within the entire wellbore range, so that after the data is summarized, the complete temperature and pressure field mapping data at each time can be obtained.

[0092] That is, due to the limitation of the flow rate of drilling fluid, the measurement data written by a single circulation measurement and control module 2 during the entire circulation measurement period are not at the same time or at similar times, and cannot reflect the temperature and pressure field and the distribution state of the drill tool stress field of the entire wellbore within a certain time range. Therefore, a large number of circulation measurement and control modules 2 are injected into the drill string in batches and successively according to time (that is, they are put into the drill string in batches at different times), and move from the inside of the drill string to the drill bit position with the movement of the fluid, and then circulate into the annular space, and finally circulate to the ground wellhead and enter the ground system. Therefore, after the ground terminal module 1 converges, the drill tool tension and compression, torsional stress and the temperature and pressure data curves in the drill tool and the wellbore annulus at multiple measuring points in multiple time periods can be formed. For example Figure 8 As shown, the tensile and compressive stresses of the drill bit and the torsional stresses at the measuring points S1-S4 during the T1-T8 period as well as the temperature and pressure data inside the drill bit and the wellbore annulus can be obtained.

[0093] The following example illustrates the placement method and data collection of the cyclic measurement and control module 2:

[0094] 1) For the cyclic measurement and control module, distributed measurement module and ground terminal module, please refer to Table 1 and combine Figure 8 Assuming that the movement speed of the circulating measurement and control module 2 (hereinafter referred to as the ball) is stable, the time from the insertion into the drill string to the drill bit position is 5t; if 4 distributed measurement modules S1-S4 are evenly arranged at 5 equally divided positions of the drill string, then the time from the insertion of the ball to the time of passing through a distributed measurement module is t.

[0095] If a batch of balls M1-M5... are released at time t, 2t, 3t, 4t, 5t... respectively, then

[0096] Time t: S1-S4 record the data from time 0 to time t. The first batch of balls pass through S1, and the data from time 0 to time t in S1 is recorded. The S1 cache is cleared.

[0097] At time 2t: S1 records the data from time t-2t, and S2-S4 records the data from time 0-2t; the second batch of balls passes through S1, and the data from time t-2t in S1 is recorded, and the cache of S1 is cleared; the first batch of balls passes through S2, and the data from time 0-2t in S2 is recorded (as well as the 0-t data when it last passed through S1), and the cache of S2 is cleared;

[0098] At time 3t, S1-S2 recorded 2t-3t, and S3-S4 recorded 0-3t; the third batch of balls passed through S1, and the 2t-3t data in S1 was recorded, and the S1 cache was cleared; the second batch of balls passed through S2, and the 2t-3t data in S2 (as well as the previous t-2t data in S1) was recorded, and the S2 cache was cleared; the first batch of balls passed through S3, and the 0-3t data in S3 was recorded (including the previous 0-2t in S2 and 0-t in S1), and the S3 cache was cleared.

[0099] At time 4t, S1-S3 recorded 3t-4t data, and S4 recorded 0-4t data; the 4th batch of balls passed through S1, and the 3t-4t data in S1 was recorded, and the S1 cache was cleared; the 3rd batch of balls passed through S2, and the 3t-4t data in S2 was recorded (including 2t-3t in S1), and the S2 cache was cleared; the 2nd batch of balls passed through S3, and the 3t-4t data in S3 was recorded (including 2t-3t in S2, t-2t in S1), and the S3 cache was cleared; the 1st batch of balls passed through S4, and the 0-4t data in S4 was recorded (including 0-3t in S3, 0-2t in S2, and 0-t in S1), and the S4 cache was cleared

[0100] At time 5t, S1-S4 recorded the data of 4t-5t; the 5th batch of balls passed through S1, and the data of 4t-5t in S1 was recorded, and the S1 cache was cleared; the 4th batch of balls passed through S2, and the data of 4t-5t in S2 was recorded (including 3t-4t in S1), and S2 was cleared; the 3rd batch of balls passed through S3, and the data of 4t-5t in S3 was recorded (including 3t-4t in S2, 2t-4t in S1), and S3 was cleared; the 2nd batch of balls passed through S4, and the data of 4t-5t in S4 was recorded (including 3t-4t in S3, 2t-3t in S2, and t-2t in S1), and S4 was cleared

[0101] …

[0102] At time nt, S1-S4 recorded (n-1)t~nt data, and the nth, n-1th, n-2nd, and n-3rd batches of balls passed through S1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively, and recorded...

[0103] After the data of each batch of balls are summarized, the temperature field of each measuring point at each time, the inner and outer annular pressure field, and the surveying and mapping data of the drill string drilling pressure, torque, vibration, and rotation can be obtained.

[0104] Table 1 Circular measurement and control module deployment method and surveying data

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] 2) For the cyclic measurement and control module, position tags and ground system, please refer to Table 2. Assume that the movement speed of the cyclic measurement and control module (hereinafter referred to as the ball) is stable, and the time from the insertion into the drill string to the drill bit position is 5t; if 4 position tags S1-S4 are evenly arranged at 5 equally divided positions of the drill string, the time from the insertion of the ball to the passing of each tag is t.

[0108] If a batch of balls are released at time t, 2t, 3t, 4t, 5t… respectively, then

[0109] Time t: The first batch of balls pass through S1, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S1 position tag and records the inner annular pressure and temperature data at S1 at time t.

[0110] At time 2t: the second batch of balls pass through S1, and the sensor inside the ball senses the position tag of S1, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data of S1 at time 2t; the first batch of balls pass through S2, and the sensor inside the ball senses the position tag of S2, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data of S2 at time 2t (including the data at S1 at time t).

[0111] 3t time: the third batch of balls passes through S1, the sensor in the ball senses the S1 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S1 at 3t time; the second batch of balls passes through S2, the sensor in the ball senses the S2 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S2 at 3t time (including the data at S1 at 2t time); the first batch of balls passes through S3, the sensor in the ball senses the S3 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S3 at 3t time (including the data at S2 at 2t time and the data at S1 at t time);

[0112] At time 4t: the 4th batch of balls passes through S1, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S1 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S1 at time 4t; the 3rd batch of balls passes through S2, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S2 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S2 at time 4t (including the data at S1 at time 3t); the 2nd batch of balls passes through S3, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S3 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S3 at time 4t (including the data at S2 at time 3t and the data at S1 at time 2t); the 1st batch of balls passes through S4, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S4 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S4 at time 4t (including the data at S3 at time 3t, the data at S2 at time 2t, and the data at S1 at time t);

[0113] 5t time: the 5th batch of balls passes through S1, the sensor in the ball senses the S1 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S1 at 5t time; the 4th batch of balls passes through S2, the sensor in the ball senses the S2 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S2 at 5t time (including the data at S1 at 4t time); the 3rd batch of balls passes through S3, the sensor in the ball senses the S3 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S3 at 5t time (including the data at S2 at 4t time and the data at S1 at 3t time); the 2nd batch of balls passes through S4, the sensor in the ball senses the S4 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S4 at 5t time (including the data at S3 at 4t time, the data at S2 at 3t time, and the data at S1 at 2t time); the 1st batch of balls reaches the bottom of the drill bit and circulates into the outer annulus between the drill string and the wellbore;

[0114] At time 6t: the 6th batch of balls passes through S1, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S1 position tag, and records the inner annular pressure and temperature data at S1 at time 6t; the 5th batch of balls passes through S2, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S2 position tag, and records the inner annular pressure and temperature data at S2 at time 6t (including the data at S1 at time 5t); the 4th batch of balls passes through S3, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S3 position tag, and records the inner annular pressure and temperature data at S3 at time 6t (including the data at S2 at time 5t and the data at S1 at time 4t); the 3rd batch of balls passes through S2, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S2 position tag, and records the inner annular pressure and temperature data at S3 at time 6t (including the data at S2 at time 5t and the data at S1 at time 4t); the 4th batch of balls passes through S3, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S3 position tag, and records the inner annular pressure and temperature data at S3 at time 6t (including the data at S2 at time 5t and the data at S1 at time 4t); the 3rd batch of balls passes through S4, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S4 position tag, and records the inner annular pressure and temperature data at S5 at time 6t The first batch of balls passes through S4, and the sensor in the ball senses the S4 position tag, and records the inner annular pressure and temperature data at S4 at 6t (including the data at S3 at 5t, the data at S2 at 4t, and the data at S1 at 3t); the second batch of balls reaches the bottom of the drill bit and circulates into the outer annulus between the drill string and the wellbore; the first batch of balls reaches the position tag S4 again in the outer annulus, and records the outer annular pressure and temperature at S4 at 6t (including the data at S4 at 4t, S3 at 3t, S2 at 2t, and the inner annular data at S1 at t);

[0115] At 7t: the 7th batch of balls passes through S1, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S1 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S1 at 7t; the 6th batch of balls passes through S2, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S2 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S2 at 7t (including the data at S1 at 6t); the 5th batch of balls passes through S3, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S3 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S3 at 7t (including the data at S2 at 6t and the data at S1 at 5t); the 4th batch of balls passes through S4, and the sensor inside the ball senses the S4 position tag, and records the inner annulus pressure and temperature data at S4 at 7t (including the data at S2 at 6t and the data at S1 at 5t). The third batch of balls arrive at the bottom of the drill bit and circulate into the outer annulus between the drill string and the wellbore; the second batch of balls arrive at the position label S4 again in the outer annulus, and record the outer annulus pressure and temperature at S4 at 7t (including the data at S4 at 5t, S3 at 4t, S2 at 3t, and the inner annulus data at S1 at 2t); the first batch of balls arrive at the position label S3 again in the outer annulus, and record the outer annulus pressure and temperature at S3 at 7t (including the outer annulus data at S4 at 6t and the inner annulus data at S4 at 4t, S3 at 3t, S2 at 2t, and S1 at t); …

[0116] Table 2 Circular measurement and control module deployment method and surveying data

[0117]

[0118]

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] It should be noted that each circulating measurement and control module 2 can and can only obtain data at one position inside or outside the drill string at the same time, and the distributed measurement and control module 3 can continuously collect data within the time interval between the release of two circulating measurement and control modules 2. In addition to the drilling pressure, torque, vibration, rotation, and temperature, the collected data can also measure the fluid pressure of the inner annulus (inside the drill string A) and the outer annulus (between the drill string A and the wellbore B). The embodiment of the present invention combines the distributed measurement and control module 3 and the position marking module 4, and releases the small ball at the same time, so that more complete wellbore data can be obtained.

[0124] In addition, since the circulating measurement and control module 2 circulates in the U-shaped space between the drill string and the wellbore, it is exposed to the high temperature zone (from the ground to the bottom of the well, the temperature is higher the closer to the bottom of the well) for less time and has a longer service life. The single cycle time of the circulating measurement and control module 2 is much shorter than the time the distributed measurement module 3 stays underground, the demand for power supply is smaller, and the overall cost and risk are lower.

[0125] The distributed measurement module 3 in the embodiment of the present invention can be better applied to well sections with low temperatures or requiring high-precision mapping, and the position identification module 4 is more suitable for well sections with low accuracy requirements or high bottom hole temperatures. Therefore, in practical applications, for wells with higher temperatures, a certain number of position tags and distributed measurement modules can be installed in sequence by calculation when the drill string is connected to a single root. Specifically, the position marking module 4 is installed near the drill bit (always at the bottom of the well), and the distributed measurement module 3 is installed near the wellhead. Of course, in practical applications, according to different data acquisition requirements, on the premise of meeting the temperature and endurance application requirements, the distributed measurement module 3 and the position marking module 4 can be alternated or interspersed according to certain rules, so as to achieve the acquisition of corresponding data according to design requirements.

[0126] It can be seen that in the present application, a distributed measurement module and a position marking module with respective position tags are arranged from top to bottom on the drill string, and a circulating measurement and control module that can circulate between the ground terminal module, the drill string and the wellbore is arranged. The circulating measurement and control module collects first data information during the movement, and the distributed measurement module collects second data information. When the circulating measurement and control module moves within the detection range of the distributed measurement module, the second data information sent by the distributed measurement module is obtained and stored. When the circulating measurement and control module moves within the detection range of the position marking module, the position tag sent by the position marking module is received and the first data information currently collected is recorded. Then, when the circulating measurement and control module moves within the detection range of the ground terminal module, the ground terminal module reads the data information in the circulating measurement and control module, thereby realizing distributed measurement along the drill string in oil and gas drilling, which is beneficial to the development of drilling technology.

[0127] That is, the present invention can provide a feasible distributed measurement method for drilling operations based on non-continuous drill strings, which can open up an efficient underground-ground communication link and accurately characterize the distribution of drill tool stress and wellbore temperature and pressure parameters; it can provide a basis for underground working condition identification, geological-wellbore data mining, and intelligent drilling decision-making; it is an important means to solve the problems of unclear real-time working conditions of bottom drill tools and insufficient support for intelligent drilling decisions, and it is the fundamental guarantee for opening up the key links of intelligent drilling and promoting the implementation of intelligent drilling technology systems, and it has great economic and social value.

[0128] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0129] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0130] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A distributed measurement device in drilling, characterized in that: include: A ground terminal module, a circulating measurement and control module, a distributed measurement module and a position marking module, wherein the distributed measurement module and the position marking module are distributed from top to bottom along the drill string, and the distributed measurement module and the position marking module are provided with respective position tags, and the circulating measurement and control module can perform a circulating motion between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore along the drill string and the wellbore; wherein: The cyclic measurement and control module is used to collect first data information during the movement process, and when moving into the detection range of the distributed measurement module, obtain second data information sent by the distributed measurement module, and store the second data information; when moving into the detection range of the position marking module, receive the position tag sent by the position marking module, and record and store the position tag and the first data information currently collected; The distributed measurement module is used to collect second data information and send the second data information to the cyclic measurement and control module when detecting that the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range; The position marking module is used to send the position tag to the cycle measurement and control module when detecting that the cycle measurement and control module moves into its detection range; The ground terminal module is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic measurement and control module when the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range.

2. The distributed measurement device in drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed measurement module is arranged in a low temperature area on the drill string; and the position marking module is arranged in a high temperature area on the drill string.

3. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground terminal module is further used to write a control instruction to the cyclic measurement and control module when the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range, wherein the control instruction carries a target identification code; The distributed measurement module is used to obtain the target identification code carried in the control instruction when detecting that the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range, and send the second data information to the cyclic measurement and control module when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code; the second data information carries the location tag of the distributed measurement module; The position marking module is used to obtain the target identification code carried in the control instruction when it detects that the cyclic measurement and control module moves into its detection range, and send the position tag to the cyclic measurement and control module when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code.

4. The downhole and surface communication device in drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second data information includes one or more combinations of drill string weight on bit, drill string torque, fluid pressure in the drill string, fluid pressure in the annular space between the drill string and the wellbore, drill string vibration parameters, drill string rotation parameters and temperature.

5. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first data information includes fluid pressure and temperature.

6. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ground terminal module includes a sorting pool, a reading module, a writing module, a storage pool, a control terminal, an internal circulation pump and a control valve. The inlet of the sorting pool is connected to the upper outlet of the wellbore, the first outlet of the sorting pool is connected to the input end of the reading module, the output end of the reading module is connected to the first inlet of the storage pool, the internal circulation pump is connected to the second inlet of the storage pool, the output port of the storage pool is connected to the inlet of the writing module, the outlet of the writing module is connected to the first end of the control valve, the second end of the control valve is connected to the third inlet of the storage pool, the output end of the control valve is connected to the inlet of the drill string, and each control end of the control terminal is respectively connected to the control end of the reading module, the writing module, the control valve and the internal circulation pump, wherein: The sorting tank is used to receive the fluid containing the circulation measurement and control module flowing out from the wellbore through the inlet, and output the circulation measurement and control module from the first outlet to the reading module; The reading module is used to read the data information stored in the cycle measurement and control module and send the read data information to the control terminal; The storage pool is used to temporarily store and charge the cycle measurement and control module; The writing module is used to initialize the cycle measurement and control module and write control instructions under the control of the control terminal; The control valve is used to switch the circulation path within the ground control terminal module or the wellbore circulation path under the control of the control terminal; The control terminal is used to control the reading module, the writing module and the control valve accordingly, and receive the data information sent by the reading module, and obtain the stress and temperature and pressure field distribution along the drill string based on the data information; and is used to send corresponding control instructions to the writing module; The internal circulation pump is used to drive the circulation measurement and control module to circulate in the ground terminal module or to inject the circulation measurement and control module into the U-shaped space between the drill string and the wellbore.

7. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are multiple circulation measurement and control modules, and each circulation measurement and control module is put into the drill string in batches at different times; The control terminal is also used to record the input time corresponding to each of the cycle measurement and control modules.

8. The distributed measurement device in drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation measurement and control module is a closed spherical module containing biased cavitation.

9. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cycle measurement and control module includes: a spherical shell, a biased cavity arranged on one side of the spherical shell, a loop antenna arranged in the biased cavity, a first integrated circuit arranged on the other side of the spherical shell, a temperature and pressure measurement unit and a rechargeable battery, and epoxy resin filled around the first integrated circuit, the temperature and pressure measurement unit and the rechargeable battery.

10. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed measurement module includes an integrated measurement and control module and a read-write antenna, and the distributed measurement module is connected to the drill string via threads.

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