A downhole and surface communication device in a well

Abstract

The application discloses a downhole and ground communication device in well drilling, which comprises a ground terminal module, a circulating communication module and a downhole control module. The downhole control module is arranged at a position corresponding to a downhole tool on a drill string. The downhole control module is connected with the downhole tool. The circulating communication module can move circularly along the drill string and the wellbore between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore. The ground terminal module is used for reading data information stored in the circulating communication module and writing control instructions into the circulating communication module when the circulating communication module moves into the detection range of the ground terminal module. The downhole control module is used for reading the control instructions stored in the circulating communication module when the circulating communication module moves into the detection range of the downhole control module, sending the control instructions to the corresponding downhole tool, so that the downhole tool executes the control instructions, and acquiring data information sent by the downhole tool and writing the data information into the circulating communication module. The bidirectional and efficient communication between the downhole and the ground in the well drilling process can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a downhole and surface communication device in drilling. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, thanks to the development and popularization of information and artificial intelligence technology, the international fossil energy industry has successively carried out digital intelligent layout and transformation. However, due to the influence of the complex geological environment in the downhole, the conventional technical means cannot meet the wireless communication demand under the condition of nearly ten thousand meters of high impedance and strong interference. At present, the downhole-surface data communication in the field of oil and gas drilling can only be carried out in the form of one-way communication of fluid pulse, and the communication rate is only dozens of bytes, which cannot meet the communication demand of bidirectional interconnection and high-speed transmission of digital intelligent drilling technology under the new situation.

[0003] Therefore, how to realize the bidirectional interconnection and efficient communication between the downhole and the surface in drilling has become a problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a downhole and surface communication device in drilling, which can realize bidirectional and efficient communication between the downhole and the surface in the drilling process.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a downhole and surface communication device in drilling, which comprises a surface terminal module, a circulating communication module and a downhole control module, the downhole control module is arranged at a position corresponding to a downhole tool on a drill string, the downhole control module is connected with the downhole tool, and the circulating communication module can move circularly between the surface terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore along the drill string and the wellbore.

[0006] The surface terminal module is used for reading the data information stored in the circulating communication module and writing the control instruction to the circulating communication module when the circulating communication module moves to the detection range thereof.

[0007] The downhole control module is used for reading the control instruction stored in the circulating communication module and sending the control instruction to the corresponding downhole tool when the circulating communication module moves to the detection range thereof, so that the downhole tool executes the control instruction, and the data information sent by the downhole tool is written to the circulating communication module.

[0008] In an embodiment, the ground terminal module comprises a sorting pool, a reading module, a writing module, a storage pool, a control terminal, an internal circulation pump and a control valve, an inlet of the sorting pool is connected with an upper outlet of the wellbore, a first outlet of the sorting pool is connected with an input end of the reading module, an output end of the reading module is connected with a first inlet of the storage pool, the internal circulation pump is connected with a second inlet of the storage pool, an output port of the storage pool is connected with an inlet of the writing module, an outlet of the writing module is connected with a first end of the control valve, a second end of the control valve is connected with a third inlet of the storage pool, an output end of the control valve is connected with an inlet of a drill string, and each control end of the control terminal is connected with a control end of the reading module, the writing module and the control valve respectively, wherein:

[0009] The sorting pool is configured to receive the fluid containing the circulation communication module flowing out of the wellbore through the inlet and output the circulation communication module from the first outlet to the reading module.

[0010] The reading module is configured to read the data information stored in the circulation communication module and send the read data information to the control terminal.

[0011] The storage pool is configured to temporarily store and charge the circulation communication module.

[0012] The writing module is configured to initialize and write control instructions to the circulation communication module under the control of the control terminal.

[0013] The control valve is configured to switch the internal circulation or the wellbore circulation path in the ground control terminal module under the control of the control terminal.

[0014] The control terminal is configured to control the reading module, the writing module and the control valve accordingly, receive the data information sent by the reading module and send corresponding control instructions to the writing module.

[0015] The internal circulation pump is configured to drive the circulation communication module to circulate in the ground terminal module or inject the circulation communication module into the wellbore.

[0016] In an embodiment, the sorting pool further comprises a second outlet configured to be connected with an inlet of a circulation solid control module, and the sorting pool is further configured to output the fluid to the circulation solid control module through the second outlet so as to transmit the fluid to a drilling pump module through the circulation solid control module.

[0017] In an embodiment, the circulation communication module is a sealed spherical module containing a biased cavitation bubble.

[0018] In an embodiment, the first outlet of the sorting tank is away from the ground, and the second outlet is close to the ground.

[0019] In an embodiment, the circulation communication module comprises a spherical shell, a biasing air bubble arranged on one side in the spherical shell, a loop antenna arranged in the biasing air bubble, a first integrated circuit and a rechargeable battery arranged on the other side in the spherical shell, and an epoxy resin filled around the first integrated circuit and the rechargeable battery.

[0020] In an embodiment, the downhole control module comprises a second integrated circuit and a read-write antenna.

[0021] In an embodiment, the read-write antenna comprises a radially distributed antenna and an axially distributed antenna.

[0022] In an embodiment, the downhole control module is connected with a corresponding downhole tool through a thread.

[0023] In an embodiment, the downhole control module is configured to read the control instruction stored in the circulation communication module when the circulation communication module moves into the detection range thereof, and determine a target downhole tool based on a tool identification carried in the control instruction, and send the control instruction to the target downhole tool.

[0024] In an embodiment, there are a plurality of downhole control modules, and each of the downhole control modules corresponds to one downhole tool.

[0025] Any of the downhole control modules is configured to read the control instruction stored in the circulation communication module when the circulation communication module moves into the detection range thereof, and determine a target identification code based on the control instruction, and send the control instruction to the corresponding downhole tool when the target identification code is consistent with the identification code of the downhole control module.

[0026] The embodiment of the present application provides a downhole and surface communication device in well drilling, which comprises a surface terminal module, a circulating communication module and a downhole control module, the downhole control module is arranged at a position corresponding to a downhole tool on a drill string, the downhole control module is connected with the downhole tool, and the circulating communication module can move circularly between the surface terminal module and the bottom of a wellbore along the drill string and the wellbore; wherein: the surface terminal module is used for reading data information stored in the circulating communication module and writing control instructions into the circulating communication module when the circulating communication module moves into the detection range of the surface terminal module; the downhole control module is used for reading the control instructions stored in the circulating communication module and sending the control instructions to the corresponding downhole tool so that the downhole tool executes the control instructions when the circulating communication module moves into the detection range of the downhole control module, and the downhole control module acquires data information sent by the downhole tool and writes the data information into the circulating communication module.

[0027] It can be seen that the circulating communication module in the embodiment of the present application can move circularly between the surface terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore along the drill string and the wellbore, and when the circulating communication module moves into the detection range of the surface terminal module, the surface terminal module can read the data information stored in the circulating communication module, the surface terminal also writes the control instructions into the circulating communication module, when the circulating communication module moves into the detection range of the downhole control module, the downhole control module reads the control instructions from the circulating communication module and sends the control instructions to the downhole tool connected with the downhole control module, the downhole tool performs corresponding operation based on the control instructions, and the downhole tool sends the generated data information to the downhole control module, and the downhole control module writes the received data information into the circulating communication module, so that the circulating communication module transmits the data information to the surface terminal module; in the present application, the surface terminal module, the circulating control module and the downhole control module can realize bidirectional and efficient communication between the downhole and the surface in the well drilling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the downhole and surface communication device in well drilling provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0030] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of another downhole and surface communication device in well drilling provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0031] Figure 3A structure schematic diagram of a circulating communication module provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0032] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of a downhole control module provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0033] Figure 5 A posture schematic diagram of a circulating communication module in a horizontal wellbore / pipeline provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0034] Figure 6 Another posture schematic diagram of a circulating communication module in a horizontal wellbore / pipeline provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiment of the present application provides a downhole and ground communication device in a drilling process, which can realize bidirectional and efficient communication between the downhole and the ground in the drilling process.

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiment of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiment in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] It should be noted that the communication between the downhole and the ground in the drilling process mainly includes three downhole-ground communication solutions, i.e., fluid pulse, wireless communication with relay and information drill pipe.

[0038] The fluid pulse is a downhole communication technology for realizing signal transmission by generating regular pressure fluctuation of drilling fluid through a pulse device. The device structure is simple and reliable, but due to the high pressure (30-80 MPa) in the downhole, only low-frequency pulse can be generated in the form of mechanical reciprocation, and the communication rate is often only dozens of bytes, which cannot meet the demand of high-speed transmission. The two types of communication devices between the ground and the downhole and between the downhole and the ground are mutually exclusive, and do not have bidirectional data communication capability.

[0039] Wireless communication is a common multi-channel high-speed communication technology in the conventional industry field, but in the oil and gas drilling field, due to the interference of the formation environment, the wireless signal is seriously attenuated, and a wireless relay needs to be matched. In addition, due to the process limitation of oil and gas well drilling operation, the relay equipment does not have the ground power supply condition, and can only be powered by high-temperature-resistant batteries or downhole power generation. However, due to the limited space in the downhole, the battery capacity cannot meet the long-time drilling requirement of oil and gas drilling, and the continuous working capacity is limited. Downhole power generation is to use the ground pump set to drive the downhole fluid circulation, and then drive the downhole turbine or screw rod to generate electricity mechanically, which has low power generation efficiency and seriously consumes the downhole hydraulic energy, affects the rock breaking speed energy distribution structure of the downhole tool, and reduces the drilling efficiency.

[0040] The information drill pipe is a more feasible communication solution in the current intelligent drilling field. The technology realizes bidirectional communication along the drill string in the form of threading inside the drill pipe and electromagnetic coupling between drill pipes, has the advantages of high communication rate and support for bidirectional data interaction, but the processing is more complex and the overall cost is higher. In addition, due to the interference of the drilling fluid and the downhole formation environment, the actual application effect of this technology has a huge difference with the theoretical effect. In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a downhole and ground communication equipment in drilling, which can realize downhole-ground bidirectional data communication, has small volume, low power consumption, small downhole power generation power demand of the system, small hydraulic energy consumption, and small influence on drilling efficiency.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The structure diagram of the downhole and ground communication equipment in drilling provided by the embodiment of the present application. The downhole and ground communication equipment in drilling comprises: a ground terminal module 1, a circulating communication module 2 and a downhole control module 3, the downhole control module 3 is arranged at a position corresponding to the downhole tool on the drill string A, the downhole control module 3 is connected with the downhole tool 2, and the circulating communication module 2 can move circularly along the drill string A and the wellbore B between the ground terminal module 1 and the bottom of the wellbore B; wherein:

[0042] The ground terminal module 1 is used for reading the data information stored in the circulating communication module 2 when the circulating communication module 2 moves to the detection range thereof, and writing the control instruction to the circulating communication module 2;

[0043] The downhole control module 3 is used for reading the control instruction stored in the circulating communication module 2 when the circulating communication module 2 moves to the detection range thereof, and sending the control instruction to the corresponding downhole tool, so that the downhole tool executes the control instruction; and acquiring the data information sent by the downhole tool and writing the data information to the circulating communication module 2.

[0044] It should be noted that the ground terminal module 1 is arranged on the ground, the downhole control module 3 is arranged on the drill string A, and the downhole control module 3 can be arranged near the downhole tool, for example, can be arranged within a preset distance from the downhole tool, and the downhole control module 3 is connected (communicatively connected) with the corresponding downhole tool, and the circulating communication module 2 can circulate in the u-shaped space formed between the ground terminal module 1 and the wellbore B.

[0045] Specifically, when the ground terminal module 1 detects that the circulating communication module 2 moves into its range, the ground terminal module 1 reads the data information stored in the circulating communication module 2, and can also write control instructions into the circulating communication module 2, so that the circulating communication module 2 carries the control instructions to the downhole. When the downhole control module 2 detects that the circulating communication module 2 moves into its detection range, on the one hand, the downhole control module 2 can read the control instructions carried by the circulating communication module 2, and send the control instructions to the downhole tool connected with the downhole control module 2, and after the downhole tool receives the control instructions sent by the downhole control module 2, the downhole tool executes the operation corresponding to the control instructions; on the other hand, the downhole tool writes the obtained data information into the downhole control module 2 connected with the downhole tool, and when the circulating communication module 2 moves into the detection range of the ground terminal module 1, the circulating communication module 2 transmits the stored data information to the ground terminal module 1, thereby realizing the bidirectional communication between the downhole and the ground in the drilling process.

[0046] In an embodiment, specifically refer to Figure 2 , the ground terminal module 1 comprises a sorting pool 11, a reading module 12, a writing module 13, a storage pool 14, a control terminal 15, an internal circulating pump 16 and a control valve 17, the inlet of the sorting pool 11 is connected with the upper outlet of the wellbore B, the first outlet of the sorting pool 11 is connected with the input end of the reading module 12, the output end of the reading module 12 is connected with the first inlet of the storage pool 14, the internal circulating pump 16 is connected with the second inlet of the storage pool 14, the output port of the storage pool 14 is connected with the inlet of the writing module 13, the outlet of the writing module 13 is connected with the first end of the control valve 17, the second end of the control valve 17 is connected with the third inlet of the storage pool 14, the output end of the control valve 17 is connected with the inlet of the drill string A, and each control end of the control terminal 15 is connected with the control end of the reading module 12, the writing module 13 and the control valve 17, wherein:

[0047] The sorting pool 11 is used for receiving the fluid containing the circulating communication module 2 flowing out from the wellbore through the inlet, and outputting the circulating communication module 2 from the first outlet to the reading module 1;

[0048] The reading module 12 is used for reading the data information stored in the circulating communication module 2, and sending the read data information to the control terminal 15;

[0049] A storage pool 14 is used for temporary storage and charging of the circulating communication module 2;

[0050] A writing module 13 is used for initialization and writing of control instructions of the circulating communication module 2 under the control of the control terminal 15;

[0051] A control valve 17 is used for switching of the circulating path in the ground control terminal module 1 or the wellbore under the control of the control terminal 15;

[0052] The control terminal 15 is used for corresponding control of the reading module 12, the writing module 13 and the control valve 17, and receiving the data information sent by the reading module 12, and sending corresponding control instructions to the writing module 13;

[0053] The inner circulating pump 16 is used for driving the circulating communication module 2 to circulate in the ground terminal module 1 or injecting the circulating communication module into the wellbore.

[0054] It should be noted that the fluid containing the circulating communication module 2 flowing out of the wellbore B in the drilling process enters the inlet of the sorting tank 11, the sorting tank 11 outputs the circulating communication module 2 in the fluid from the first outlet to the reading module 12, the reading module 12 reads the data information stored in the entering circulating communication module 2, and sends the read data information to the control terminal 15, so that the control terminal 15 analyzes the received data information to obtain specific information of the downhole tool; the reading module 12 outputs the circulating communication module 2 to the storage tank 14, and the storage tank 14 can temporarily store the circulating communication module 2, and can also charge the circulating communication module, and specifically can be wirelessly charged, so that the circulating communication module 2 can be charged in the ground terminal module 1 during the circulation, without the need for charging underground, reducing the consumption of underground power and reducing the setting of underground charging equipment, and facilitating the reduction of equipment size. The storage tank 14 is externally connected to a power supply and internally wound with a coil, and can wirelessly charge the circulating communication module 2 in the storage tank 14 under the control of the control module 15. Specifically, the circulating communication module 2 output from the storage tank 14 enters the writing module 13, the writing module 13 receives the control instruction of the control terminal 15, and writes the initialization and control instruction of the circulating communication module 2 according to the control instruction, and the writing module 13 outputs the circulating communication module 2 initialized and written with the control instruction to the control valve 17, the control valve 17 can switch the circulating path in the ground control terminal module 1 or the wellbore B according to the control instruction of the control terminal 15, and the circulating communication module 2 is driven by the inner circulating pump 16 to circulate in the ground control terminal module 1 or injected into the wellbore B. That is, when circulating in the ground control terminal module 1, the circulating communication module 2 circulates and processes information in the corresponding module in the ground control terminal module 1 under the drive of the inner circulating pump 16; when circulating in the wellbore B, the circulating communication module 2 is injected into the wellbore B under the drive of the inner circulating pump 16, so that the circulating communication module 2 circulates in the space between the wellbore B and the drill string A.

[0055] In addition, the sorting tank 11 in the embodiment of the present application further comprises a second outlet for connecting with the inlet of the circulating solid control module, and the sorting tank 11 is further used for outputting the fluid to the circulating solid control module through the second outlet, so as to transmit the fluid to the drilling pump module through the circulating solid control module. The first outlet of the sorting tank 11 is away from the ground, the second outlet is close to the ground, and the circulating communication module 2 is a sealed spherical module containing a biased cavity, so that it can flow out of the first outlet of the sorting tank 11 under the action of buoyancy.

[0056] In other words, the ground terminal module 1 in the embodiment of the present application is used for the storage maintenance, charging, data reading and writing, module sorting and injection and other operations of the circulating communication module 2. The sorting pool 11 contains drilling mud (i.e. fluid). The sorting pool 11 is a single inlet and double outlet fluid container. The circulating communication module 2 is separated from the drilling mud and cuttings under the action of buoyancy due to the air bubbles contained therein. The mud and cuttings flow out of the outlet and enter the drilling site circulation system for solid phase control and recycling. The floating circulating communication module 2 enters the reading module 12 from the upper outlet (i.e. the first outlet) of the sorting pool 11. The reading module 12 is composed of a conveyor belt and a radio frequency reader. The data read is uploaded to the control terminal 15 under the control of the control terminal. The storage pool 14 is used for the storage and charging of the circulating communication module 2. The writing module 13 is similar to the downhole control module 3. The writing module 13 is a radio frequency reading and writing device composed of a reading and writing antenna, an integrated circuit and an external power supply. The initialization and command writing of the circulating communication module 2 are performed under the control of the control terminal 15. The control valve 17 is a two-position three-way reversing valve. The reversing operation can be performed by the control of the control terminal. The switching of the ground terminal system internal circulation and the wellbore circulation passage can be realized. The internal circulation pump 16 can drive the circulating communication module 2 to circulate in the ground terminal module 1 or be used for the injection of the circulating communication module 2 into the wellbore B.

[0057] Specifically, when performing downhole-ground communication, the control terminal 15 operates the internal circulation pump 16 to open, sends the control instruction to be written into the circulating communication module 2 to the writing module 13, and controls the control valve 17 to switch to the wellbore circulation passage. After the internal circulation pump 16 is opened, the circulating communication module 2 in the storage pool 14 enters the writing module 13 under the action of the fluid. The circulating communication module 2 is in a dormant state by default. Only when it is written by radio frequency will it enter an active state. The writing module 13 records the data information stored in the circulating communication module 2 entering the writing module 13 through radio frequency reading operation, and establishes a data record. The initialization activation and configuration writing operation of the circulating communication module 2 are performed in turn through radio frequency writing operation. When the circulating communication module 2 receives the initialization instruction of the writing module 13, the storage chip formatting operation is performed. After the circulating communication module 2 receives the configuration instruction of the writing module 13, the configuration instruction is written into the storage chip. The content of the configuration instruction written can be the configuration parameter of the circulating communication module 2 itself, or the instruction parameter required to be transmitted by the circulating communication module 2 to the downhole tool. Specifically, after the writing is completed, the outlet of the writing module 13 is opened, and the circulating communication module 2 enters the control valve 17 along the fluid passage. The control valve 17 is switched to the wellbore circulation passage under the control of the control terminal 15. The circulating communication module 2 is injected into the wellbore B or the drill string A in the wellbore B under the drive of the internal circulation pump 16.

[0058] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3The circulating communication module 2 comprises a spherical shell 21, a biasing cavity 22 arranged at one side in the spherical shell 21, a loop antenna 23 arranged in the biasing cavity 22, a first integrated circuit 24 and a rechargeable battery 25 arranged at the other side in the spherical shell 21, and an epoxy resin 26 filled around the first integrated circuit 24 and the rechargeable battery 25.

[0059] It should be noted that the circulating communication module 2 in the embodiment of the present application is a sealed spherical device containing a biasing cavity, which can be used to store control instructions transmitted from the ground to the downhole tool or data fed back by the downhole sensor (i.e. the downhole tool). The spherical shell 21 can be divided into two parts, one part being the biasing cavity 22, and the other part being arranged with the first integrated circuit 24 and the rechargeable battery 25. The first integrated circuit 24 can include an antenna multiplexer, a receiver, a transmitter, a microcontroller, a memory, a timer and other electronic modules, which are used to integrally realize the functions of the circulating communication module such as charge and discharge management, data communication and data storage. The first integrated circuit 24, the loop antenna 23 and the rechargeable battery 25 are fixedly sealed in the spherical shell 21 of the circulating communication module 2 by the epoxy resin 26, forming a sealed sphere with an upper cavity and a lower epoxy resin. Specifically, the circulating communication module 2 moves along with the fluid in the wellbore under the fluid drag, sequentially performs communication tasks along the way, and finally returns to the ground in a U-shaped trajectory to enter the sorting pool 11. Since the circulating communication module 2 contains a cavity, it will float in the upper part of the sorting pool in the sorting pool 11, and then can be sorted into the reading module 12. The reading module 12 reads the data in the circulating communication module 2 in batches through a radio frequency reader, and then sends the circulating communication module 2 into the storage pool 14 for charging. The data after reading is uploaded to the control terminal 15 by the reading module 12, and is gathered with the data recorded by the writing module 13 for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0060] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the downhole control module 3 in the embodiment of the present application comprises a second integrated circuit 31 and a read-write antenna 32. Figure 4

[0061] It should be noted that the downhole control module 3 in the embodiment of the present application can read the control instructions in the circulating communication module 2 and write the feedback data of the sensor or the downhole tool into the circulating communication module 2. The downhole control module 3 can be composed of two parts of an integrated circuit and a read-write antenna. The downhole control module 3 is usually used in combination with a downhole measurement and control tool to form a downhole tool joint. Specifically, the downhole control module 3 can be connected to the upstream and downstream downhole tools through threads. The downhole control module 2 can be independently powered by a downhole battery or a downhole generator, or can be powered by the downhole tool.

[0062] In one embodiment, the read-write antenna 32 comprises radially distributed antennas and axially distributed antennas.​

[0063] It should be noted that the circulation communication module 2 is driven by the surface drilling pump set to move along the fluid passage in the drill string A and the annular space between the drilling tool and the wellbore, and due to the influence of its own buoyancy and fluid drag force, the cavity of the circulation communication module 2 will be deflected to a certain extent, so that the axis of the coil in the circulation communication module 2 is not always consistent with the axis of the wellbore (as shown in Figure 5 、 Figure 6 ).

[0064] Specifically, for radio frequency communication, the communication magnetic field direction is perpendicular to the axis of the coil, which has the highest efficiency and the best effect. Therefore, for data exchange between the downhole tool and the circulation communication module 2 with small power, the axis of the read-write coil of the downhole control module 3 should be consistent with the axis of the coil of the circulation communication module 2 as much as possible Figure 4 、 Figure 5 ). However, considering the actual drilling operation, the downhole control module 3 is lowered into the wellbore together with the drilling tool, and is affected by the well trajectory, so that the same drilling tool will experience various attitude changes from vertical to inclined to horizontal (except for completion tools and tubulars, because the completion tools and tubulars are fixed, but the drilling tools and tubulars move up and down along the axis of the wellbore), and it is impossible to design an antenna that meets the orientation requirements. Therefore, the read-write antenna 32 of the downhole control module 3 in the embodiment of the present application can include radially distributed antennas and axially distributed antennas, and specifically, the downhole control module 3 can be arranged in sequence by at least three directional antennas Figure 5 radially, which can be two; Figure 6 axially, which can be one), so that in any attitude, the axis of at least one group of antennas is close to consistent with the axis of the circulation communication module 2 antenna, so as to ensure that the read-write magnetic field generated by the downhole control module 3 has a non-zero flux in the circulation communication module 2 antenna and as large as possible, and to improve the reliability of data exchange between the downhole control module 3 and the circulation communication module 2.

[0065] In one embodiment, the downhole control module 3 is configured to read the control instruction stored in the circulation communication module 2 when the circulation communication module 2 moves into the detection range of the downhole control module 3, and determine the target downhole tool based on the tool identifier carried in the control instruction, and send the control instruction to the target downhole tool.

[0066] It should be noted that the circulating communication module 2 can write control instructions for only one downhole tool or write control instructions for multiple downhole tools when being initialized and configured in the writing module 13. That is, the circulating communication module 2 can store multiple control instructions, each of which can carry a corresponding tool identification, so that when the downhole control module 3 detects that the circulating communication module 2 moves into its detection range during the movement of the circulating communication module 2, the downhole control module 3 can determine each target downhole tool according to the tool identification carried in the control instruction of the circulating communication module 2, and send the corresponding control instruction to the corresponding target downhole tool. In an embodiment, there are multiple downhole control modules 3, each of which corresponds to one downhole tool.

[0067] Any downhole control module 3 is configured to read the control instruction stored in the circulating communication module 2 when the circulating communication module 2 moves into its detection range, and based on the target identification code carried in the control instruction, if the target identification code is consistent with the identification code of the downhole control module 3, the downhole control module 3 sends the control instruction to the corresponding downhole tool.

[0068] It should be noted that in actual application, each downhole tool can be set with a corresponding downhole control module 3, and the circulating communication module 2 can write control instructions for only one downhole tool or write control instructions for multiple tools when being initialized and configured in the writing module 13, which is defined by the identification code. The identification code includes multiple types: the circulating communication module 2 identification code is a unique code corresponding to each circulating communication module 2, which is used for data aggregation, analysis and processing. The identification code of the downhole control module 3 is a unique configuration code corresponding to each downhole control module 3, which is used for the downhole control module 3 to identify the acceptance object of the control instruction stored in the circulating communication module 2. The general identification code is a grouping identification code, which is used for grouping the downhole control modules 3, and the control instruction with the general identification code standard is executed by all downhole control modules 3 in the same general identification code group. The general identification code can be configured on the ground or configured downhole by the circulating communication module 2.

[0069] Specifically, the ground configuration of the general identification code: each downhole control module 3 is configured directly through the upper computer.

[0070] Downhole configuration of the general identification code: the downhole control module 3 is grouped and the general identification code is deployed in the control terminal 15, and the related configuration information is written into the circulating communication module 2 with the downhole control module 3 identification code as the label. The circulating communication module 2 is injected into the wellbore circulation channel, and after the downhole control module 3 recognizes the circulating communication module 2, it reads the instruction information in the circulating communication module 2, and after finding that the downhole control module 3 identification code labeled in the circulating communication module 2 matches the identification code of the downhole control module 3, the downhole control module 3 executes the general identification code configuration operation.

[0071] Cyclic communication module

[0072] It can be seen that the cyclic communication module in the embodiment of the present application can move cyclically along the drill string and the wellbore between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore, and when it moves into the detection range of the ground terminal module, the ground terminal module can read the data information stored in the cyclic communication module, and the ground terminal can also write control instructions into the cyclic communication module, when the cyclic communication module moves into the detection range of the downhole control module, the downhole control module reads the control instructions from the cyclic communication module, and sends the control instructions to the downhole tool connected with the downhole control module, the downhole tool performs corresponding operation based on the control instructions, and the downhole tool sends the generated data information to the downhole control module, and the downhole control module writes the received data information into the cyclic communication module, so that the cyclic communication module transmits the data information to the ground terminal module; in the present application, the ground terminal module, the cyclic control module and the downhole control module can realize bidirectional and efficient communication between the downhole and the ground during the drilling process.

[0073] It should be further pointed out that the present application can overcome the shortcomings of the existing mud pulse technology, such as slow communication rate, one-way communication from downhole to ground, signal attenuation in downhole wireless transmission, and large hydraulic energy loss in downhole, and provides a solution for downhole-ground bidirectional communication control with small size and low power consumption. Based on the process characteristics of the drilling fluid in the drill string and the outer annulus, the present application provides a feasible solution for distributed measurement along the drill string. The high-speed information communication link between the downhole and the ground is established, which breaks through the key technical barriers of intelligent drilling downhole data acquisition, ground intelligent decision-making and automatic control, and lays a foundation for the intelligent transformation of the oil and gas resource exploration and development technology industry.

[0074] The embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0075] It is also noted that, in this disclosure, relational terms such as first and second, and the like, can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0076] The above description of disclosed embodiments provides enabling concepts for practicing or using the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A downhole-to-surface communication device for drilling, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a ground terminal module, a circulating communication module, and a downhole control module. The downhole control module is positioned on the drill string at a location corresponding to the downhole tool and is connected to the downhole tool. The circulating communication module is capable of circulating along the drill string and wellbore between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore. The ground terminal module is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic communication module and write control commands to the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves into its detection range. The downhole control module is configured to, when the circulation communication module moves within its detection range, read the control commands stored in the circulation communication module and send the control commands to the corresponding downhole tool so that the downhole tool executes the control commands; acquire data information sent by the downhole tool and write the data information to the circulation communication module; wherein: The ground terminal module includes a sorting pool, a reading module, a writing module, a storage pool, a control terminal, an internal circulation pump, and a control valve. The inlet of the sorting pool is connected to the upper outlet of the wellbore; the first outlet of the sorting pool is connected to the input terminal of the reading module; the output terminal of the reading module is connected to the first inlet of the storage pool; the internal circulation pump is connected to the second inlet of the storage pool; the output port of the storage pool is connected to the inlet of the writing module; the outlet of the writing module is connected to the first terminal of the control valve; the second terminal of the control valve is connected to the third inlet of the storage pool; the output terminal of the control valve is connected to the inlet of the drill string; and each control terminal of the control terminal is connected to the control terminals of the reading module, the writing module, and the control valve, respectively. The sorting pool is used to receive fluid containing the circulating communication module flowing out of the well shaft through the inlet, and to output the circulating communication module from the first outlet to the reading module; The reading module is used to read the data information stored in the loop communication module and send the read data information to the control terminal; The storage pool is used for temporary storage and charging of the loop communication module; The writing module is used to initialize and write control commands to the loop communication module under the control of the control terminal. The control valve is used to switch the circulation path within the ground control terminal module or the wellbore circulation path under the control of the control terminal. The control terminal is used to control the reading module, the writing module and the control valve, and to receive data information sent by the reading module and send corresponding control commands to the writing module. The internal circulation pump is used to drive the circulation communication module to circulate within the ground terminal module or to inject the circulation communication module into the wellbore.

2. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting tank also includes a second outlet, which is used to connect to the inlet of the circulating solids control module. The sorting tank is also used to output fluid to the circulating solids control module through the second outlet, so that the circulating solids control module can transfer the fluid to the drilling pump module.

3. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cyclic communication module is a closed spherical module containing a biased cavitation.

4. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first outlet of the sorting pool is far from the ground, and the second outlet is close to the ground.

5. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cyclic communication module includes: a spherical shell, a bias cavitation bubble disposed on one side of the spherical shell, a loop antenna disposed within the bias cavitation bubble, a first integrated circuit and a rechargeable battery disposed on the other side of the spherical shell, and epoxy resin filling the space around the first integrated circuit and the rechargeable battery.

6. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downhole control module includes a second integrated circuit and a read / write antenna.

7. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that, The read / write antenna includes antennas distributed radially and antennas distributed axially.

8. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that, The downhole control module is connected to the corresponding downhole tool via threads.

9. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The downhole control module is used to read the control command stored in the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves into its detection range, and to determine the target downhole tool based on the tool identifier carried in the control command, and send the control command to the target downhole tool.

10. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, There are multiple downhole control modules, and each downhole control module corresponds to a downhole tool. Any of the downhole control modules is configured to read the control command stored in the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves to its detection range, and based on the target identification code carried in the control command, send the control command to the corresponding downhole tool if the target identification code matches its own identification code.

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