Comprehensive on-line monitoring device for distribution transformer

Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive online monitoring device for a distribution transformer, which integrates a multifunctional acquisition sensor and an intelligent monitoring system of a repeater, and aims to monitor key parameters such as pressure, temperature, water content and oil level height in an oil cavity of the transformer in real time and realize remote analysis and fault early warning through remote data transmission. The operation and maintenance efficiency of the transformer is improved; the system comprises a multifunctional acquisition sensor and a repeater, wherein the multifunctional acquisition sensor and the repeater are connected through an RS485; the multifunctional acquisition sensor comprises a liquid level floater, the center position of the upper end of the liquid level floater is connected with a floater connecting rod, the floater connecting rod is sleeved with a buoy, annular grooves are formed in the outer surfaces of the floater connecting rod at the upper end and the lower end of the buoy respectively, and second blocking clamps are arranged in the annular grooves and used for limiting the two ends of the buoy. An induction magnet is arranged in the center of the upper part of the floater connecting rod; the shell is of a tubular structure, and a connecting pipe body is arranged on the upper portion of the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of transformer monitoring, and in particular to a comprehensive online monitoring device for a distribution transformer. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, transformers, as one of the key equipment, undertake important tasks such as voltage conversion, power transmission and distribution. Their operating status directly affects the safety and stability of the power grid. Traditional transformer monitoring methods, such as installing liquid level indicators, can only provide basic information on whether the oil level is normal, and cannot meet the needs of real-time monitoring of multiple parameters inside the transformer. With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, big data analysis and remote communication technology, the power industry has put forward higher requirements for intelligent and remote monitoring of key equipment such as transformers.

[0003] 1. Improve monitoring accuracy and real-time performance Real-time monitoring of oil level: Traditional level indicators can only show whether the oil level is normal, but cannot accurately reflect the dynamic changes of the oil level. The development of a new monitoring system can monitor the oil level in real time, detect oil level abnormalities in time, and prevent equipment failures caused by low or high oil levels; Comprehensive monitoring of oil chamber internal parameters: In addition to the oil level, transformer oil pressure, temperature and water content are also important indicators for evaluating its operating status. Real-time monitoring of these parameters helps to promptly detect problems such as equipment overheating and oil quality deterioration, and improves the accuracy of fault warning.

[0004] 2. Realize remote monitoring and data analysis Remote data upload and analysis: The monitoring data is uploaded to the data center in real time through wireless transmission, so that operation and maintenance personnel can understand the equipment status without going to the site in person, which greatly improves work efficiency and response speed; Historical data analysis and prediction: Combining historical monitoring data and using big data analysis technology, we can predict the trend of the transformer's operating status, detect potential faults in advance, and provide a scientific basis for preventive maintenance.

[0005] 3. Improve equipment operation and maintenance efficiency and safety Quick response to failures: The remote monitoring system can immediately send out an alarm when a device fails, so that operation and maintenance personnel can quickly locate the problem and take corresponding measures to reduce equipment downtime and maintenance costs; Ensure grid safety: Real-time monitoring and early warning mechanisms help to promptly detect and handle transformer failures, avoid grid accidents caused by equipment failures, and improve the stability and safety of grid operations.

[0006] In summary, the development of a monitoring system with online monitoring and data remote alarm functions for parameters such as the internal pressure, temperature, water content, and oil level of the transformer oil cavity is of great significance for improving the operation and maintenance efficiency of transformers, ensuring the safety of power grids, and promoting the intelligent transformation of the power industry. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to address the technical defects of the prior art and provide a comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformers. It integrates a multi-functional acquisition sensor and an intelligent monitoring system with a repeater, and aims to monitor key parameters such as pressure, temperature, water content and oil level inside the transformer oil cavity in real time, and realize remote analysis and fault warning through remote data transmission, thereby improving the operation and maintenance efficiency of the transformer.

[0008] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformers, comprising a multifunctional acquisition sensor and a repeater, wherein the multifunctional acquisition sensor and the repeater are connected via RS485; Multifunctional acquisition sensors include: A liquid level float, wherein the center position of the upper end of the liquid level float is connected to a float connecting rod, a buoy is sleeved on the float connecting rod, annular grooves are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the float connecting rod at the upper and lower ends of the buoy, a second stopper is provided in the annular groove for limiting the two ends of the buoy, and an induction magnet is provided at the center of the upper part of the float connecting rod; A guide sleeve is provided between the buoy and the liquid level float, the float connecting rod can be guided and moved in the guide sleeve, an annular groove is provided on the outer surface of the float connecting rod at the bottom of the guide sleeve, and a first stopper is provided in the annular groove for limiting the position of the liquid level float; A notch is provided at the center of the bottom of the liquid level float, a temperature and humidity sensor is provided in the notch, and the temperature and humidity sensor is electrically connected to the circuit board; A housing, wherein the housing is a tubular structure, a connecting tube body is provided at the upper portion of the housing, a circuit board is provided within the connecting tube body, and a position sensor is provided at the middle of the circuit board; The bottom of the shell is threadedly connected with a connector, a guide sleeve is fixedly arranged in the connector, and an observation window is provided on the outer surface of the shell, and the position of the observation window corresponds to the position of the buoy; A signal connector is also provided on the outer surface of the housing; A pressure relief valve, wherein the pressure relief valve is threadedly connected to the connecting pipe body; The repeater includes a box body, which is hinged to a box cover. A lithium battery, a control board, and a digital board are arranged in the box body. A self-reset switch, a wiring connector, a 4-core aviation plug, and a 6-core aviation plug are arranged at the bottom of the box body. An antenna is arranged on the upper part of the box body. A transparent window is arranged on the box cover corresponding to the position of the digital board for displaying temperature, humidity, pressure, and position data. The repeater transmits the data to the data center.

[0009] Furthermore, the float connecting rod is configured as a hollow structure, an outer surface of an upper end of the float connecting rod is provided with an opening, and the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the circuit board through an FPC flexible flat cable passing through the opening of the float connecting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a glass cover is bonded to the inner side of the observation window, and the glass cover is a cylindrical tube structure.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide piece is sleeved on the upper end of the float connecting rod, an opening is provided on one side of the guide piece, a circle of annular groove is provided on the inner surface of the shell corresponding to the position where the guide piece is installed, a second pressure ring is embedded in the annular groove for limiting the upper end of the guide piece, and the lower end of the guide piece contacts and limits the upper end of the glass cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the circuit board includes a microprocessor, a pressure sensor, a position sensor, a power module, and a communication module; The output ends of the pressure sensor, the position sensor and the power module are connected to the microprocessor, and the output end of the microprocessor is connected to the communication module.

[0013] Furthermore, the buoy includes a red buoy and a blue buoy, and the red buoy is arranged above the blue buoy.

[0014] Furthermore, the position sensor adopts a Hall sensor or a reed switch.

[0015] Furthermore, an opening is provided in the middle of the guide sleeve, the opening is used to be sleeved on the float connecting rod, a guide groove is provided inside the opening, a guide protrusion corresponding to the guide groove is provided on the float connecting rod, and a plurality of spokes are extended outward from the opening.

[0016] Furthermore, a circle of annular grooves is provided on the inner surface of the connector, and a first pressure ring is embedded in the annular groove for limiting the lower end of the guide sleeve. The connector is provided with an annular convex edge structure inwardly for limiting the upper end of the guide sleeve.

[0017] Furthermore, the liquid level float, float connecting rod, guide sleeve, guide member, first stopper, second stopper and buoy are all made of plastic.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention discloses a comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformers, an intelligent monitoring system integrating a multifunctional acquisition sensor and a repeater, which is intended to monitor key parameters such as pressure, temperature, water content and oil level height inside the transformer oil cavity in real time. Through the RS485 communication protocol, the multifunctional acquisition sensor and the repeater realize data transmission to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the monitoring data. The system not only improves the efficiency and safety of transformer operation and maintenance, but also provides a scientific basis for preventive maintenance. The device includes a multifunctional acquisition sensor and a repeater, wherein the multifunctional acquisition sensor includes: The liquid level float floats up and down with the oil level through buoyancy and is the core component for monitoring the oil level. The float connecting rod connects the liquid level float and the buoy to ensure that the up and down movement of the buoy can accurately reflect the changes in the oil level. The buoy is provided with annular grooves at the upper and lower ends and a second stopper to limit the position and prevent the buoy from separating from the float connecting rod. When the buoy moves up or down, it can be directly seen through the observation window; The guide sleeve provides guidance for the float connecting rod to ensure the smooth movement of the float in the vertical direction. The annular groove at the bottom of the guide sleeve and the first stopper are used to limit the liquid level float; The temperature and humidity sensor is installed in the notch at the bottom of the liquid level float and is directly immersed in the transformer oil. It is used to monitor the temperature and humidity in the transformer oil cavity in real time. The monitoring data is converted into electrical signals for transmission through an electrical connection to the circuit board. The position sensor is installed in the middle of the circuit board to detect the position of the induction magnet on the float connecting rod, thereby indirectly measuring the oil level and transmitting the oil level alarm signal to the data center. By cooperating with the buoy, accurate monitoring of the oil level can be achieved. The shell is a tubular structure used to protect the internal circuit and sensor. A circuit board is arranged in the connecting tube body for circuit control and transmission. The connector is used to connect with the oil cavity of the transformer to ensure that the sensor can accurately monitor the internal parameters of the oil cavity. The observation window is used to visually observe the position of the buoy, which is convenient for on-site inspection; The pressure relief valve is threadedly connected to the connecting pipe body and is used to automatically release the pressure when the pressure inside the oil chamber is too high to protect the transformer from damage; The signal connector is used to communicate with the repeater to achieve the transmission of monitoring data; The specific structure of the repeater is as follows: Box body: It is equipped with lithium battery, circuit board, oil level digital board and other important components to provide power support and data processing functions for the normal operation of the device. The bottom is equipped with self-reset switch, threading connector, 4-core aviation plug and 6-core aviation plug. These interfaces and switches are used to realize power control, signal transmission and connection and communication with other devices. Box cover: It is hinged on the box body, which is convenient to open and close, and protects the components in the box body. A transparent window is provided on the box cover corresponding to the position of the digital board. The transparent window design enables the numbers on the digital board to be clearly displayed, so that the staff can intuitively read the monitoring data such as temperature, humidity, pressure, position, etc., so as to timely understand the operating status of the transformer; Antenna: It is installed on the upper part of the box body. It uploads the monitored data to the data center through wireless communication to realize real-time online monitoring of the transformer. The repeater receives the monitoring data transmitted by the multi-function acquisition sensor through the RS485 protocol, and uploads the data to the data center through the 4G network or other communication methods for further analysis and processing, so that the operation and inspection personnel can grasp the operation status of the equipment anytime and anywhere, and timely discover and deal with possible abnormal situations; Based on the above structural characteristics, this device has the following advantages: 1. Improve monitoring accuracy and real-time performance Real-time monitoring of oil level: It can monitor the oil level in real time, detect oil level abnormalities in time, and prevent equipment failures caused by too low or too high oil level; Comprehensive monitoring of internal parameters of the oil chamber: Monitoring the oil level, pressure, temperature and water content of the transformer oil helps to promptly detect problems such as equipment overheating and oil quality deterioration, and improves the accuracy of fault warning; 2. Realize remote monitoring alarm and data analysis Remote data upload and alarm: The monitoring data is uploaded to the data center in real time through wireless transmission. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset threshold, the system automatically triggers the oil level alarm mechanism and sends the alarm information to the data center, which greatly improves work efficiency and response speed; Historical data analysis and prediction: Combine historical monitoring data and use big data analysis technology to predict the operating status of the transformer and provide fault warnings; 3. Improve equipment operation and maintenance efficiency and safety Quick response to failures: The remote monitoring system can immediately send out an alarm when a device fails, so that operation and maintenance personnel can quickly locate the problem and take corresponding measures to reduce equipment downtime and maintenance costs; In summary, the comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformers is an efficient and intelligent monitoring system that can monitor the key parameters inside the transformer oil cavity in real time, improve operation and maintenance efficiency and safety, and provide a scientific basis for preventive maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded view of the illustrated embodiment; Figure 3Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide sleeve; Figure 4 It is a control structure diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Description of reference numerals: 1. Temperature and humidity sensor; 2. Liquid level float; 3. Float connecting rod; 4. Observation window; 5. Induction magnet; 6. Position sensor; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Signal connector; 9. Pressure release valve; 10. Float; 11. Circuit board; 12. Shell; 13. Guide sleeve; 14. First stopper; 15. Second stopper; 16. Guide piece; 17. First pressure ring; 18. Connecting tube; 19. Glass cover; 20. Connector; 13-1, spoke; 13-2, guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it shows a specific embodiment of the present invention: like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the integrated online monitoring device for distribution transformers disclosed in the present invention comprises a multifunctional acquisition sensor and a repeater, wherein the multifunctional acquisition sensor and the repeater are connected via RS485; Multifunctional acquisition sensors include: A liquid level float 2, wherein the center position of the upper end of the liquid level float 2 is connected to a float connecting rod 3, a buoy 10 is sleeved on the float connecting rod 3, annular grooves are respectively provided on the outer surface of the float connecting rod 3 at the upper and lower ends of the buoy 10, a second stopper 15 is provided in the annular groove for limiting the two ends of the buoy 10, and an induction magnet 5 is provided at the upper center of the float connecting rod 3; A guide sleeve 13 is provided between the buoy 10 and the liquid level float 2, and the float connecting rod 3 can be guided and moved in the guide sleeve 13. An annular groove is provided on the outer surface of the float connecting rod 3 at the bottom of the guide sleeve 13, and a first stopper 14 is provided in the annular groove for limiting the position of the liquid level float 2; A notch is provided at the center of the bottom of the liquid level float 2, and a temperature and humidity sensor 1 is arranged in the notch. The temperature and humidity sensor 1 is electrically connected to the circuit board 11; A housing 12, wherein the housing 12 is a tubular structure, a connecting tube 18 is provided on the upper portion of the housing 12, a circuit board 11 is provided inside the connecting tube 18, and a position sensor 6 is provided at the middle of the circuit board 11; The bottom of the housing 12 is threadedly connected with a connector 20, a guide sleeve 13 is fixedly arranged inside the connector 20, and an observation window 4 is provided on the outer surface of the housing 12, the position of the observation window 4 corresponds to the position of the buoy 10; The outer surface of the housing 12 is also provided with a signal connector 8; A pressure relief valve 9, wherein the pressure relief valve 9 is threadedly connected to the connecting pipe body 18; The repeater includes a box body, which is hinged to a box cover. A lithium battery, a control board, and a digital board are arranged in the box body. A self-reset switch, a wiring connector, a 4-core aviation plug, and a 6-core aviation plug are arranged at the bottom of the box body. An antenna is arranged on the upper part of the box body. A transparent window is arranged on the box cover corresponding to the position of the digital board for displaying temperature, humidity, pressure, and position data. The repeater transmits the data to the data center.

[0023] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, the float connecting rod 3 is configured as a hollow structure, an upper outer surface of the float connecting rod 3 is provided with an opening, and the temperature and humidity sensor 1 is connected to the circuit board 11 through an FPC flexible flat cable passing through the opening of the float connecting rod 3 .

[0024] The float connecting rod 3 is designed as a hollow structure. The design of the hollow structure is used to reduce weight on the one hand, and to allow the FPC soft flat cable to pass through on the other hand to achieve the connection between the temperature and humidity sensor 1 and the circuit board 11. An opening is provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the float connecting rod 3. This opening is to allow the FPC soft flat cable to pass through the float connecting rod 3 smoothly and thus be connected to the circuit board 11. In the present invention, the temperature and humidity sensor 1 is connected to the circuit board 11 via an FPC (flexible circuit board) soft flat cable. The FPC soft flat cable has soft and bendable characteristics, can adapt to the connection requirements of different shapes and spaces, and provide a stable electrical connection to ensure that the temperature and humidity sensor 1 can accurately transmit data.

[0025] The hollow structure and opening design of the float connecting rod 3 make the entire connection structure more compact and save space. The FPC flexible cable has soft characteristics and stable electrical connection performance, which can ensure the stable connection between the temperature and humidity sensor 1 and the circuit board 11. The selection of the FPC flexible cable can adapt to the connection requirements of different shapes and spaces, making the entire system more flexible and customizable.

[0026] In summary, the hollow structure and opening design of the float connecting rod 3 and the way in which the temperature and humidity sensor 1 is connected to the circuit board 11 via the FPC flexible cable provide strong guarantees for the stability and flexibility of the system. This connection method has broad application prospects in transformer monitoring systems.

[0027] Preferably, Figure 2As shown, a glass cover 19 is bonded to the inner side of the observation window 4, and the glass cover 19 is a cylindrical tube structure.

[0028] The observation window 4 is designed as a transparent window for outsiders to observe the oil level. Therefore, the present invention adopts a glass cover 19, which has a cylindrical tube shape. This structure is usually used to provide a clear field of view and protect internal components from interference from the external environment. The cylindrical tube shape can ensure that the light maintains a certain directionality during propagation, reduce scattering and reflection, and thus improve the clarity of observation.

[0029] In the transformer monitoring system, the observation window 4 and the glass cover 19 inside it are used to monitor the status inside the transformer oil cavity. Through the combined design of the window and the glass cover 19, the operation and maintenance personnel can clearly observe the key information such as the oil level, color, bubbles, etc. inside the oil cavity, so as to timely judge the operating status of the transformer and take necessary maintenance measures.

[0030] In summary, the viewing window 4 and the cylindrical tube structure glass cover 19 bonded to the inner side thereof play an important role in providing a clear view and protecting the internal components. This design has a wide range of application prospects in systems that need to monitor or view the internal status.

[0031] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, the upper end of the float connecting rod 3 is also sleeved with a guide member 16, one side of the guide member 16 is provided with an opening, and the inner surface of the shell 12 is provided with a circle of annular grooves corresponding to the position where the guide member 16 is installed, and a second pressure ring is embedded in the annular groove for limiting the upper end of the guide member 16, and the lower end of the guide member 16 contacts and limits the upper end of the glass cover 19.

[0032] The guide member 16 is designed as a kit and is tightly mounted on the upper end of the float connecting rod 3. This design ensures that the float connecting rod 3 can maintain stable guidance when moving or operating, preventing it from deviating from a predetermined track.

[0033] An opening is provided on one side of the guide member 16, and the opening may be used for convenient operation when installing, removing or adjusting the guide member 16. The design of the opening needs to take into account the strength and stability of the guide member 16 to ensure that it will not be damaged by the opening during use.

[0034] On the inner surface of the housing 12, a circle of annular grooves are provided corresponding to the positions of the installation guides 16. The annular grooves are designed to accommodate and fix the second pressing ring, which ensures that the second pressing ring can be stably installed in the housing 12 and plays a limiting role.

[0035] Embedding of the second pressing ring: The second pressing ring is embedded in the annular groove to limit the upper end of the guide member 16. This design can prevent the guide member 16 from exceeding a predetermined range when moving up and down, thereby maintaining the stability and reliability of the entire structure.

[0036] The contact limit between the guide member 16 and the glass cover 19, the lower end of the guide member 16 contacts the upper end of the glass cover 19, and the lower end of the guide member 16 is in close contact with the upper end of the glass cover 19, forming a limiting relationship. Through the contact limit between the guide member 16 and the glass cover 19, the entire structure is effectively supported and fixed in the vertical direction, which has the following advantages: Improved structural stability: The design of the guide 16, the annular groove and the second pressure ring together improves the stability of the entire structure. This stability is crucial for monitoring systems that need to operate for a long time and withstand external pressure.

[0037] Easy installation and maintenance: The opening design makes the guide member 16 more convenient to install and maintain. The operation and maintenance personnel can easily install or remove the guide member 16 through the opening without complicated disassembly of the entire structure.

[0038] In summary, the guide member 16 sleeved on the upper end of the float connecting rod 3 and its related structures play an important role in improving structural stability and facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0039] Preferably, Figure 4 As shown, the circuit board 11 includes a microprocessor, a pressure sensor 7, a position sensor 6, a power module, and a communication module; The output ends of the pressure sensor 7, the position sensor 6 and the power module are connected to the microprocessor, and the output end of the microprocessor is connected to the communication module.

[0040] The circuit board 11 is composed of the following: Microprocessor: The core control unit is responsible for processing data from various sensors, executing preset algorithms or logical judgments, and controlling the communication module for data transmission. The microprocessor has powerful data processing capabilities and can quickly respond to changes in sensors to ensure the real-time and accuracy of data.

[0041] Pressure sensor 7: used to measure the pressure of transformer oil. The pressure sensor 7 converts the sensed pressure into an electrical signal output, which is then received and processed by the microprocessor.

[0042] Position sensor 6: used to monitor the height of the transformer oil level. Position sensor 6 uses a float type to detect the position of the oil level and converts the position information into an electrical signal output.

[0043] Power module: provides stable DC power to the entire circuit board 11. The power module includes components such as rectifiers, filters, and voltage stabilizers to ensure stable operation of the circuit.

[0044] Communication module: responsible for transmitting the data processed by the microprocessor to an external device or data center through a specific communication protocol. In this embodiment, the communication module uses the RS485 communication protocol to transmit data with the repeater. RS485 is a differential communication protocol with the advantages of strong anti-interference ability and long transmission distance.

[0045] The working principle of the present application is as follows: the pressure sensor 7, the position sensor 6, and the temperature and humidity sensor 1 respectively collect the pressure, oil level, temperature and humidity data information of the transformer oil, and convert these data information into electrical signals for output. The microprocessor receives the electrical signals from each sensor and converts them into digital data for processing, and performs data filtering, calibration, calculation and other steps to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. The processed data is transmitted to the repeater through the communication module using the RS485 protocol. The repeater plays the role of data forwarding and further transmits the received data to the data center or remote monitoring system. The data center or remote monitoring system receives and stores the data from the circuit board 11, and displays the status information of the transformer in real time through charts, alarms and the like. The operation and maintenance personnel can perform timely maintenance and troubleshooting of the transformer based on this information.

[0046] By real-time monitoring of key data such as transformer oil level, pressure, temperature and water content, operation and maintenance personnel can promptly detect abnormal conditions of the transformer and take necessary maintenance measures to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0047] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the buoy 10 includes a red buoy and a blue buoy, and the red buoy is arranged above the blue buoy.

[0048] The present application is a transformer liquid level and status monitoring device that integrates multiple functions, and aims to improve the monitoring capability of the transformer through intuitive and remote real-time monitoring.

[0049] The observation window 4 can visually observe the oil level warning situation. The buoy 10 is composed of a red buoy and a blue buoy, which are designed on the liquid level float 2. The intersection of the red buoy and the blue buoy is set as the highest safety limit or alarm limit of the oil level, which has a clear warning effect. When the oil level rises to the intersection of the blue and red buoys, it means that the oil level has approached or reached the highest safety limit, which should attract the attention of on-site personnel and may trigger the alarm mechanism.

[0050] The blue buoy is used to normally display the height of the oil level. As the oil level rises and falls, the position of the blue buoy will also change accordingly, providing intuitive oil level information to on-site personnel. When the blue buoy moves within the normal range, it means that the transformer oil level is in normal condition.

[0051] The installation method of this device is to replace the original liquid level indicator on the transformer. The original liquid level indicator can only display the oil level height through a float and has a single function. The buoy 10 set in this application can realize real-time monitoring of key data such as the transformer oil level height, pressure, temperature and water content while maintaining the original on-site observation function, so as to detect abnormal conditions of the transformer in time.

[0052] The liquid level float 2 is provided with a position sensor 6, which not only displays the oil level, but also transmits the oil level data remotely. It also integrates key components such as the pressure sensor 7 and the temperature and humidity sensor 1, and can monitor the key data such as the oil level, pressure, temperature and water content of the transformer in real time.

[0053] The buoy 10 device can transmit the collected data to the data center or remote monitoring system in real time through the microprocessor and communication module on the circuit board 11. When abnormal data is detected, the system can automatically trigger the early warning mechanism to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures.

[0054] The design of this application takes into account the needs of convenient installation and replacement. It can directly replace the original liquid level indicator on the transformer without large-scale transformation or shutdown of the transformer. This not only reduces installation costs, but also improves work efficiency.

[0055] Preferably, the position sensor 6 is a Hall sensor or a reed switch.

[0056] In this embodiment, the position sensor 6 is designed to adopt a Hall sensor or a reed switch, combined with the induction magnet 5 arranged at the upper center of the float connecting rod 3, to achieve accurate monitoring and alarm functions of the oil level of the transformer.

[0057] Working principle of position sensor 6: Hall sensor: An induction magnet 5 is set at the upper center of the float connecting rod 3. As the oil level rises and falls, the float connecting rod 3 drives the induction magnet 5 to move up and down, thereby changing the relative position of the magnetic field and the Hall sensor. The Hall sensor outputs a corresponding electrical signal according to the change in the intensity of the induced magnetic field, which is used to indicate the height of the oil level.

[0058] Reed switch: An induction magnet 5 is set at the upper center of the float connecting rod 3. As the oil level rises and falls, the induction magnet 5 approaches or moves away from the reed switch, thereby controlling the on and off state of the reed switch. By monitoring the circuit state of the reed switch, the height of the oil level can be determined.

[0059] When the oil level detected by the position sensor 6 reaches or exceeds the preset alarm limit, the alarm logic is triggered. It is suitable for real-time monitoring of the oil level of the transformer.

[0060] In summary, the use of Hall sensor or reed switch as position sensor 6, combined with the induction magnet 5 set on the float connecting rod 3, can realize the accurate monitoring and alarm function of the oil level of the transformer, which has the advantages of high precision, high reliability, easy installation and maintenance, and has broad application prospects in the power system.

[0061] Preferably, Figures 2-3 As shown, the guide sleeve 13 has an opening in the middle, the opening is used to be sleeved on the float connecting rod 3, a guide groove 13-2 is provided inside the opening, the float connecting rod 3 is provided with a guide protrusion corresponding to the guide groove 13-2, and a plurality of spokes 13-1 are extended outward from the opening.

[0062] The guide sleeve 13 is provided with an opening in the middle thereof, and is sleeved on the float connecting rod 3. The existence of the opening enables the guide sleeve 13 to be flexibly installed on the float connecting rod 3 without complicated assembly process.

[0063] The guide groove 13-2 is arranged at the inner side of the opening of the guide sleeve 13. The shape and size of the guide groove 13-2 match the guide protrusion on the float connecting rod 3. The main function of the guide groove 13-2 is to guide the movement trajectory of the float connecting rod 3 in the guide sleeve 13, ensuring that the float connecting rod 3 can move stably and smoothly in the guide sleeve 13.

[0064] A plurality of spokes 13-1 are provided extending outward from the opening of the guide sleeve 13. The design of the spokes 13-1 enhances the structural strength of the guide sleeve 13, enabling it to better withstand the force and pressure generated by the movement of the float connecting rod 3. At the same time, the spokes 13-1 also play a role in fixing and supporting the guide sleeve 13, ensuring its stability and reliability during operation.

[0065] A guide protrusion corresponding to the guide groove 13-2 is provided on the float connecting rod 3. The shape, size and position of the guide protrusion match the guide groove 13-2, so that the float connecting rod 3 can be accurately inserted into the opening of the guide sleeve 13 and form a close fit with the guide groove 13-2.

[0066] When the float connecting rod 3 moves in the guide sleeve 13, the guide protrusion will slide in the guide groove 13-2. Due to the close fit between the guide groove 13-2 and the guide protrusion, the movement trajectory of the float connecting rod 3 is strictly limited within the range of the guide groove 13-2, thereby achieving accurate control of the movement direction of the float connecting rod 3.

[0067] This matching relationship between the guide sleeve 13 and the float connecting rod 3 ensures the stability and reliability of the entire system. The close matching between the guide groove 13-2 and the guide protrusion reduces the friction and wear during the movement and prolongs the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the supporting effect of the spokes 13-1 also enhances the structural strength of the guide sleeve 13, enabling it to better withstand various forces and pressures during the working process.

[0068] In summary, the design of the guide sleeve 13 and the float connecting rod 3 makes the whole system more stable and reliable. The close fit between the guide groove 13-2 and the guide protrusion ensures the precise control of the movement direction of the float connecting rod 3, while the supporting effect of the spoke 13-1 enhances the structural strength of the guide sleeve 13. This design not only improves the performance and service life of the equipment, but also reduces the maintenance cost and failure rate.

[0069] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the inner surface of the connector 20 is provided with a circle of annular grooves, in which the first pressure ring 17 is embedded for limiting the lower end of the guide sleeve 13 , and the connector 20 is provided with an annular convex structure inwardly for limiting the upper end of the guide sleeve 13 .

[0070] An annular groove is provided on the inner surface of the connector 20, and the annular groove is specially designed to accommodate and fix the first pressing ring 17. The size and shape of the annular groove match the first pressing ring 17 to ensure that the first pressing ring 17 can be stably embedded therein.

[0071] After the first pressing ring 17 is embedded in the annular groove, it mainly plays the role of limiting the lower end of the guide sleeve 13. Through the pressing of the first pressing ring 17, the guide sleeve 13 will be effectively stopped at a certain position when moving downward. The annular convex structure corresponds to the upper end of the guide sleeve 13. The main function of the annular convex structure is to limit the upward movement range of the guide sleeve 13, so the upper and lower limit positions ensure the fixation of the guide sleeve 13.

[0072] Through the combined effect of the first pressure ring 17 and the annular flange structure, the position of the guide sleeve 13 in the connector 20 is effectively limited and fixed. This design not only improves the stability of the system, but also ensures that the guide sleeve 13 can accurately perform its guiding function.

[0073] In summary, the design of the annular groove of the connector 20, the first pressure ring 17 and the annular convex structure together realizes effective positioning of the upper and lower ends of the guide sleeve 13. This design not only improves the stability and safety of the system, but also ensures the guiding function of the guide sleeve 13.

[0074] Preferably, the liquid level float 2, the float connecting rod 3, the guide sleeve 13, the guide member 16, the first stopper 14, the second stopper 15, and the buoy 10 are all made of plastic.

[0075] Plastic materials have lower density than traditional metal materials. Therefore, components such as the liquid level float 2, the float connecting rod 3, and the guide sleeve 13 made of plastic can significantly reduce the overall weight and achieve lightweight.

[0076] Plastic materials generally have excellent corrosion resistance and can resist corrosion from a variety of chemicals. In a level monitoring system, these components may come into contact with transformer oil or other chemicals, so the corrosion resistance of plastic materials is crucial to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0077] At the same time, plastic material also has good durability, can maintain stable performance in harsh working environments, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0078] In summary, the use of plastic materials to make components such as the liquid level float 2, the float connecting rod 3, and the guide sleeve 13 can significantly reduce the overall weight of the liquid level monitoring system and achieve a lightweight design. At the same time, the plastic material also has good corrosion resistance and durability, and is suitable for long-term installation in the transformer oil environment. Therefore, in the design of the liquid level monitoring system, the use of plastic materials is a choice with significant advantages.

[0079] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the field without departing from the purpose of the present invention. These changes involve related technologies well known to those skilled in the art, which all fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

[0080] Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention.It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformers, characterized in that: It includes a multifunctional data acquisition sensor and a repeater, wherein the multifunctional data acquisition sensor and the repeater are connected via RS485; Multifunctional acquisition sensors include: A liquid level float (2), wherein the center position of the upper end of the liquid level float (2) is connected to a float connecting rod (3), a buoy (10) is sleeved on the float connecting rod (3), annular grooves are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the float connecting rod (3) at the upper and lower ends of the buoy (10), a second stopper (15) is provided in the annular groove for limiting the two ends of the buoy (10), and an induction magnet (5) is provided at the center of the upper part of the float connecting rod (3); A guide sleeve (13) is provided between the buoy (10) and the liquid level float (2), and the float connecting rod (3) can be guided and moved in the guide sleeve (13). An annular groove is provided on the outer surface of the float connecting rod (3) at the bottom of the guide sleeve (13), and a first stopper (14) is provided in the annular groove for limiting the position of the liquid level float (2); A notch is provided at the center of the bottom of the liquid level float (2), a temperature and humidity sensor (1) is arranged in the notch, and the temperature and humidity sensor (1) is electrically connected to the circuit board (11); A housing (12), the housing (12) being a tubular structure, a connecting tube (18) being provided at the upper portion of the housing (12), a circuit board (11) being provided in the connecting tube (18), and a position sensor (6) being provided at the middle of the circuit board (11); The bottom of the shell (12) is threadedly connected to a connector (20), a guide sleeve (13) is fixedly arranged inside the connector (20), an observation window (4) is provided on the outer surface of the shell (12), and the position of the observation window (4) corresponds to the position of the buoy (10); A signal connector (8) is also provided on the outer surface of the housing (12); A pressure relief valve (9), wherein the pressure relief valve (9) is threadedly connected to the connecting pipe body (18); The repeater includes a box body, which is hinged to a box cover. A lithium battery, a control board, and a digital board are arranged in the box body. A self-reset switch, a wiring connector, a 4-core aviation plug, and a 6-core aviation plug are arranged at the bottom of the box body. An antenna is arranged on the upper part of the box body. A transparent window is arranged on the box cover corresponding to the position of the digital board for displaying temperature, humidity, pressure, and position data. The repeater transmits the data to the data center.

2. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The float connecting rod (3) is configured as a hollow structure, an upper end outer surface of the float connecting rod (3) is provided with an opening, and the temperature and humidity sensor (1) is connected to the circuit board (11) via an FPC flexible flat cable passing through the opening of the float connecting rod (3).

3. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A glass cover (19) is bonded to the inner side of the observation window (4), and the glass cover (19) is a cylindrical tube structure.

4. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The upper end of the float connecting rod (3) is also sleeved with a guide member (16), one side of the guide member (16) is provided with an opening, the inner surface of the housing (12) is provided with a circle of annular grooves corresponding to the position where the guide member (16) is installed, a second pressure ring is embedded in the annular groove for limiting the upper end of the guide member (16), and the lower end of the guide member (16) contacts the upper end of the glass cover (19) for limiting.

5. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The circuit board (11) comprises a microprocessor, a pressure sensor (7), a position sensor (6), a power module, and a communication module; The output ends of the pressure sensor (7), the position sensor (6) and the power module are connected to the microprocessor, and the output end of the microprocessor is connected to the communication module.

6. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The buoy (10) comprises a red buoy and a blue buoy, wherein the red buoy is arranged above the blue buoy.

7. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The position sensor (6) is a Hall sensor or a reed switch.

8. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformers according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The guide sleeve (13) is provided with an opening in the middle, the opening being used to be sleeved on the float connecting rod (3), a guide groove (13-2) being provided inside the opening, a guide protrusion corresponding to the guide groove (13-2) being provided on the float connecting rod (3), and a plurality of spokes (13-1) extending outward from the opening are provided.

9. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner surface of the connector (20) is provided with an annular groove, in which a first pressure ring (17) is embedded, which is used to limit the lower end of the guide sleeve (13). The connector (20) is provided with an annular convex structure inwardly, which is used to limit the upper end of the guide sleeve (13).

10. The comprehensive online monitoring device for distribution transformers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The liquid level float (2), the float connecting rod (3), the guide sleeve (13), the guide member (16), the first stopper (14), the second stopper (15), and the buoy (10) are all made of plastic material.

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