Full-working-condition simulation test device for power servo tool rest

Abstract

The invention relates to an all-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest. The all-condition simulation test device comprises a cutting force simulation loading assembly, the cutter is used for applying cutting force and restoring the motion state in the actual cutting process; the torque loading assembly is assembled at the end part of the cutting force simulation loading assembly and is used for applying a rotating torque to the cutting force simulation loading assembly so as to realize accurate transmission of the torque; the machine tool power assembly is connected with the cutting force simulation loading assembly and provides high-precision power input required by rotation and cutting motion for the test; the measuring assembly is connected with the torque loading assembly and used for monitoring and recording mechanical data in the cutting process in real time; the device is simple in structure, through the synergistic effect of the cutting force simulation loading assembly, the torque loading assembly, the machine tool power assembly and the measuring assembly, the device can apply accurate axial loading and torque loading in a cutting simulation test, and high-precision measurement is conducted on mechanical response in the test process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical testing equipment, and in particular relates to a full-working-condition simulation testing device for a power servo tool rest. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of equipment manufacturing industry in recent years, my country has become a major country in the production and application of CNC machine tools. At present, the CNC machine tools developed in China have made significant progress in precision, speed, large-scale and multi-axis linkage. However, with the increase of functions, the hidden dangers of failure increase, advanced functions and performance indicators cannot be maintained, and the reliability problem is serious. It has become the focus of attention of enterprises, users and sales markets and the bottleneck of the development of CNC machine tool industry. One of the main reasons for the low reliability level of domestic CNC machine tools is the low reliability level of key functional components of domestic CNC machine tools. Therefore, the research and development of reliability test equipment and test technology for key functional components of CNC machine tools has important practical significance. As one of the key functional components of high-end CNC lathes, the reliability level of the power servo tool holder itself has an important impact on the reliability level of the whole machine.

[0003] The research on reliability test of key functional components of CNC machine tools in my country started late, and currently there are only some reliability test devices with simple functions. For example, some test benches can perform idling test and eccentric load test on power servo tool holders, or use hydraulic cylinders or air cylinders to simulate static and dynamic cutting force loading test on simulated tools; however, they are not combined with actual cutting force loading components and torque loading components, which limits the loading range and the loading force accuracy. Especially in extremely complex environments, the overall performance of the system is unstable, which brings inconvenience to use.

[0004] In view of the above problems, it is necessary to improve them. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power servo tool holder full-working condition simulation test device which has a simple structure, ingenious design, can realize accurate loading of cutting force and torque, and can perform real-time measurement of mechanical response during cutting.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the patent of this invention is: a power servo tool holder full-working condition simulation test device, including a cutting force simulation loading component; used to apply cutting force to restore the motion state in the actual cutting process; a torque loading component, assembled at the end of the cutting force simulation loading component, used to apply rotational torque to the cutting force simulation loading component to achieve precise transmission of torque; a machine tool power component, connected to the cutting force simulation loading component, to provide the test with high-precision power input required for rotation and cutting motion; a measurement component, connected to the torque loading component, used to monitor and record the mechanical data in the cutting process in real time.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, it also includes a fixed bracket, which is made of a high-strength metal frame and is used to support and fix the cutting force simulation loading component, the torque loading component, the machine tool power component and the measuring component.

[0008] As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the cutting force simulation loading assembly includes a loading support rod, a loading support rod fixed support, a feedback spring, a loading ball socket, a piezoelectric ceramic loading rod, a piezoelectric ceramic sleeve, a cutting force simulation device support base and a cutting force simulation device moving guide rod; the feedback spring is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base and the cutting force simulation device support base, and is used to provide elastic restoring force when the loading support rod is subjected to force, thereby simulating the dynamic elastic change characteristics during the cutting process; the cutting simulation device support base is fixed to the cutting simulation device moving guide rod by pins to ensure the adjustable mobility of the cutting simulation device; the bottom end of the cutting simulation device moving guide rod is fixed to the fixed base by bolts; the loading ball socket is connected to the top of the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod by threads, and can be freely adjusted in multiple directions to adapt to the cutting working conditions; the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod is installed in the piezoelectric ceramic sleeve, and the piezoelectric ceramic sleeve is fixed to the loading support rod fixed support by screws.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the movement of the movable guide rod of the cutting simulation device realizes precise displacement in the horizontal direction, thereby meeting different test requirements; when the cutting force simulation loading component is switched to a non-working state, the movement of the movable guide rod of the cutting simulation device makes it completely withdraw from the working area, providing an interference-free space for the operation of the torque loading component.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the cutting force simulation loading assembly also includes a loading support rod sleeve and a piezoelectric ceramic fixed base; the loading support rod sleeve is fixed to the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base by bolts, providing a guiding function and limiting the lateral displacement of the loading support rod, and the loading support rod fixed support is fixed to the moving guide rod of the cutting force simulation device by pins; one end of the loading support rod passes through the loading support rod sleeve, and the other end is connected to the loading support rod fixed support by bolts to form a stable support structure.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a height adjustment mechanism is installed between the feedback spring and the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base; the height adjustment mechanism includes an upper wedge plate, a middle wedge plate, a lower wedge plate, a bayonet, a screw and a washer support plate; the upper wedge plate, the lower wedge plate and the middle wedge plate are interconnected by an inclined slot, and a bayonet and a screw are fixed inside to form a wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism to achieve stable force transmission and fine-tuning of the height of the device; the upper wedge plate is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base, and the lower wedge plate is connected to the washer support plate.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the torque loading assembly includes a first coupling, a torque sensor, a magnetic powder brake and a second coupling; the first coupling and the second coupling are used to achieve precise transmission of torque, one end of the magnetic powder brake is connected to the torque loading fixed support, and the other end is connected to the torque sensor through the first coupling, and the other end of the torque sensor is connected to the power head of the power servo tool holder through the second coupling, wherein the torque loading fixed support is fixedly connected to the fixed base.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the magnetic powder brake is fixedly mounted on a torque loading fixed support, and generates a precisely controllable damping torque through electromagnetic action, thereby applying a rotational torque to the cutting force simulation loading component; the torque sensor is used to detect the torque value applied by the magnetic powder brake in real time, and feed back the measurement result to the measuring component to complete real-time monitoring; the high rigidity and high concentricity design of the first coupling and the second coupling ensure the stability of the torque loading and the measurement accuracy.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the machine tool power assembly includes a CNC lathe chuck, a cutting force loading rod and a power servo tool holder; the CNC lathe chuck is used to fix the base, and the CNC lathe chuck is connected to the CNC system through a high-precision servo spindle to achieve high-precision rotation; one end of the cutting force loading rod is connected to the cutting force simulation loading assembly through a loading ball socket, and the other end is fixed on the power servo tool holder, which is used to transmit power input and apply cutting force to the power servo tool holder.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the power servo tool holder is connected to a high-precision servo drive motor, and the servo drive motor can accurately adjust the rotation accuracy and movement accuracy to match the cutting force simulation loading component.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the measuring component includes a pressure sensor, a torque sensor, a displacement sensor and a control system; the pressure sensor is located at the upper end of the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base and is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod, and is used to measure the loading force and output a signal to the control system; the torque sensor is used to detect the torque value transmitted in the torque loading component; the control system dynamically adjusts the output parameters of the loading component and the torque loading component by receiving the pressure sensor and torque sensor signals, thereby realizing accurate simulation and real-time control of the cutting process.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The present invention has a simple structure. Through the synergy between the cutting force simulation loading component, the torque loading component, the machine tool power component and the measuring component, the device can apply precise axial loading and torque loading in the cutting simulation test, and perform high-precision measurement of the mechanical response during the test; the modular design of the device is easy to adjust and expand, and can meet the research needs under different cutting conditions and mechanical conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the cutting test.

[0019] 2. This device breaks through the traditional design and innovatively realizes the horizontal dynamic adjustment function of the cutting force simulation loading component; in the torque loading mode, the device can move accurately to the rear, and quickly switch to the front when the cutting force is loaded, thereby completely avoiding interference between loading conditions; this dynamic and coordinated design not only makes full use of limited space, but also realizes the accurate reproduction of complex mechanical environments with ultra-high precision loading control, creating a new standard for the design of force loading devices; through the innovative combination of piezoelectric ceramic cutting force loading and magnetic powder brake torque loading technology, the device successfully realizes the division of labor and cooperation of force loading functions; the cutting force and torque loading systems are independent of each other and work closely together during operation, which not only effectively avoids interference between working conditions, but also greatly optimizes the dynamic performance and operating efficiency of the equipment; this multi-dimensional collaborative design enables the device to stably achieve loading tasks in extremely complex environments, providing a revolutionary solution for CNC lathe performance testing and multi-condition simulation.

[0020] 3. The device adopts a modular and highly compatible design concept, successfully breaking through the traditional loading device's dependence on specific lathe models, and constructing a fully compatible architecture that is suitable for CNC lathes of various brands and models; through this cross-brand and cross-model adaptability, the device not only meets the needs of complex industrial scenarios, but also gives users extremely high flexibility, becoming an important supporting platform in the future smart manufacturing field; this universal capability has greatly expanded the device's potential in the global industrial market and promoted industry standardization and equipment popularization.

[0021] 4. This device can accurately simulate the dynamic mechanical loading of CNC lathes under different working conditions, and can quickly switch the loading state without making any changes to the lathe hardware; through efficient simulation of various working conditions, the device provides strong support for equipment performance testing, operation optimization and R&D innovation; especially in the fields of lathe dynamic performance research, complex mechanical environment simulation and equipment function optimization, advanced piezoelectric ceramics are used as the core components of cutting force loading, with its excellent sensitivity, high-frequency response capability and nanometer-level precision control characteristics, it achieves extremely high accuracy and dynamic response capability of cutting force loading; this loading technology can complete mechanical adjustment in an instant, adapt to the high-precision simulation requirements under different processing conditions, and provide a new dimension of technical support for the research of complex cutting mechanical environments; at the same time, the low energy consumption and high stability characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics enable the device to maintain reliability during long-term operation, creating a technical benchmark for a new generation of force loading systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view of a simulation test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a simulation test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a state diagram of a simulation test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the cutting force simulation loading component and the torque loading component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A diagram showing the connection state of a cutting force simulation loading component and a torque loading component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a working principle diagram of a measuring component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment mechanism structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a structural exploded view of the height adjustment mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: fixed base 1, cutting force simulation loading component 2, torque loading component 3, machine tool power component 4, measuring component 5, torque loading fixed support 6, height adjustment mechanism 7, loading support rod 20, loading support rod sleeve 21, loading support rod fixed support 22, feedback spring 23, loading ball socket 24, piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25, piezoelectric ceramic sleeve 26, piezoelectric ceramic fixed base 27, cutting force simulation device support base 28, annular groove 28-1, cutting force simulation device moving guide rod 29, first coupling 30, torque sensor 31, magnetic powder brake 32, second coupling 33, CNC lathe chuck 40, cutting force loading rod 41, power servo tool holder 42, servo spindle 43, CNC system 44, pressure sensor 50, torque sensor 31, displacement sensor 52, control system 53, upper wedge plate 70, middle wedge plate 71, lower wedge plate 72, pin 73, screw 74, pad iron support plate 75. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, a power servo tool holder full-condition simulation test device can realize accurate loading of cutting force and torque, and measure the mechanical response in the cutting process in real time; the device includes a cutting force simulation loading component 2; used to apply cutting force and restore the motion state in the actual cutting process; a torque loading component 3, which is assembled at the end of the cutting force simulation loading component 2, and is used to apply rotational torque to the cutting force simulation loading component 2 to realize accurate torque transmission; a machine tool power component 4, which is connected to the cutting force simulation loading component 2, provides the test with high-precision power input required for rotation and cutting motion; a measuring component 5, which is connected to the torque loading component 3, is used to monitor and record the mechanical data in the cutting process in real time; the present invention has a simple structure, and through the synergy between the cutting force simulation loading component, the torque loading component, the machine tool power component and the measuring component, the device can apply accurate axial loading and torque loading in the cutting simulation test, and measure the mechanical response in the test process with high precision. The modular design of the device is easy to adjust and expand, can meet the research needs under different cutting conditions and mechanical conditions, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the cutting test.

[0035] Moreover, a power servo tool holder full-condition simulation test device can realize intermittent switching between two loading modes, which is particularly important in some application scenarios that require precise control of different forces. This adjustable design helps to accurately control pressure and loading methods, especially for applications that require high precision, such as micro-machining, material research and other fields. It enhances the applicability and reliability of the device.

[0036] By designing the cutting force simulation loading component 2, it can be moved to the rear when torque loading is performed, and moved to the front when cutting force loading is performed, effectively avoiding interference between the two; this horizontally adjustable design enables the equipment to achieve complex force loading requirements in a limited space without interfering with each other, thereby increasing the flexibility and accuracy of operation.

[0037] The design is not limited to a certain model or a specific lathe, but is applicable to various types of CNC lathes, which greatly enhances the applicability and versatility of the device. Traditional loading devices are often customized for specific models of lathes. This design breaks through this limitation and can support CNC lathes of different brands and models. This feature makes the device have greater market potential and is suitable for more production environments and working condition simulations.

[0038] The device can simulate different working conditions of the lathe, which means that the loading conditions of various working conditions can be simulated by adjusting the device without changing the lathe hardware. This simulation function can perform performance testing, debugging or research under different working conditions of the lathe, which greatly facilitates the research and development and optimization of the equipment.

[0039] The device can load the power head of the CNC lathe with a torque of up to 60Nm, meeting the loading requirements of different power heads. This high load capacity is very suitable for testing and debugging under precision machining and heavy load conditions, and can also adapt to high-demand power head testing or optimization processes.

[0040] A power servo tool holder full-working condition simulation test device also includes a fixed bracket (not shown in the figure), which is the basic frame of the device, used to support and fix the cutting force simulation loading component 2, the torque loading component 3, the machine tool power component 4 and the measurement component 5; specifically, the fixed bracket is the core basic structure of the device, which is made of a high-strength metal frame to ensure the overall rigidity and stability of the device.

[0041] This device breaks through the traditional design and innovatively realizes the horizontal dynamic adjustment function of the cutting force simulation loading component 2. In the torque loading mode, the device can move accurately to the rear, and quickly switch to the front when the cutting force is loaded, thereby completely avoiding interference between loading conditions. This dynamic and coordinated design not only makes full use of limited space, but also realizes the accurate reproduction of complex mechanical environments with ultra-high precision loading control, creating a new standard for the design of force loading devices. Through the innovative combination of piezoelectric ceramic cutting force loading and magnetic powder brake torque loading technology, the device successfully realizes the division of labor and cooperation of force loading functions. The cutting force and torque loading systems are independent of each other and work closely together during operation, which not only effectively avoids interference between working conditions, but also greatly optimizes the dynamic performance and operating efficiency of the equipment. This multi-dimensional collaborative design enables the device to stably achieve loading tasks in extremely complex environments, providing a revolutionary solution for CNC lathe performance testing and multi-condition simulation.

[0042] The device adopts a modular and highly compatible design concept, successfully breaking through the traditional loading device's dependence on specific lathe models, and constructing a fully compatible architecture that is suitable for CNC lathes of various brands and models; through this cross-brand and cross-model adaptability, the device not only meets the needs of complex industrial scenarios, but also gives users extremely high flexibility, becoming an important supporting platform in the future smart manufacturing field; this universal capability has greatly expanded the device's potential in the global industrial market and promoted industry standardization and equipment popularization.

[0043] This device can accurately simulate the dynamic mechanical loading of CNC lathes under different working conditions, and can quickly switch loading states without making any changes to the lathe hardware; through efficient simulation of various working conditions, the device provides strong support for equipment performance testing, operation optimization, and R&D innovation; especially in the fields of lathe dynamic performance research, complex mechanical environment simulation, and equipment function optimization, advanced piezoelectric ceramics are used as the core components of cutting force loading, and with their excellent sensitivity, high-frequency response capability, and nanometer-level precision control characteristics, extremely high accuracy and dynamic response capability of cutting force loading are achieved; this loading technology can complete mechanical adjustments in an instant, adapt to the high-precision simulation requirements under different processing conditions, and provide a new dimension of technical support for the research of complex cutting mechanical environments; at the same time, the low energy consumption and high stability characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics enable the device to maintain reliability during long-term operation, creating a technical benchmark for a new generation of force loading systems.

[0044] like Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the cutting force simulation loading assembly 2 includes a loading support rod 20, a loading support rod fixed support 22, a loading ball socket 24, a piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25, a piezoelectric ceramic sleeve 26, a cutting force simulation device support base 28 and a cutting force simulation device moving guide rod 29; the cutting simulation device support base 28 is fixed to the cutting simulation device moving guide rod 29 by pins to ensure the adjustable mobility of the cutting simulation device; the bottom end of the cutting simulation device moving guide rod 29 is fixed to the fixed base 1 by bolts; the loading ball socket 24 is connected to the top of the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25 by threads, and can be freely adjusted in multiple directions to meet the cutting working conditions; the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25 is installed in the piezoelectric ceramic sleeve 26, and the piezoelectric ceramic sleeve 26 is fixed to the loading support rod fixed support 22 by screws; the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25 applies precise cutting force through the piezoelectric effect, and its end is connected to the pressure sensor 50, and the pressure sensor 50 detects the magnitude of the loading force in real time, and feeds back the data to the control system 53 for closed-loop control to ensure the accuracy and stability of the loading force.

[0045] Specifically, a piezoelectric ceramic sleeve 26 and a piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25 are provided to provide a core driving force for cutting force loading; piezoelectric ceramics have ultra-high dynamic response capabilities and micron-level precision, but their range of motion is limited, which is a well-known limitation in the industry; but by providing a feedback spring 23 at the bottom of the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25, the dynamic expansion and contraction of the feedback spring 23 compensates for the insufficient displacement of the ceramic loading, which not only expands the loading range, but also realizes a more flexible and smoother transmission of the cutting force; this combination not only breaks through the performance limitations of a single component, but also makes the loading force transmission more accurate and stable, thereby improving the overall performance of the system.

[0046] At the same time, as an important auxiliary component, the function of the feedback spring 23 is not limited to the traditional telescopic buffering effect. By accurately calculating the dynamic matching between the stiffness of the feedback spring 23 and the output force of the piezoelectric ceramic, the feedback spring 23 not only realizes the displacement compensation during the entire loading process, but also performs real-time feedback adjustment on the loading state of the piezoelectric ceramic; this feedback mechanism significantly improves the response stability of the system under complex working conditions; in addition, the compensation effect of the feedback spring 23 further optimizes the operating conditions of the magnetic powder brake 32, making the torque loading process smoother, thereby achieving the coordinated optimization between the two core loading systems.

[0047] The feedback spring 23 can compensate for the insufficient range of motion of the piezoelectric ceramics and provide real-time feedback on the state of the piezoelectric ceramics to avoid failure or instability due to limited range of motion. This design effectively solves the problem of limited range of motion of the piezoelectric ceramics, improves the stability of the equipment, and enables fine-tuning in real time. This is particularly important in dynamic load applications and can ensure the stability of the device and the reliability of long-term operation.

[0048] The movement of the moving guide rod 29 of the cutting simulation device realizes precise displacement in the horizontal direction, thereby meeting different test requirements; when the cutting force simulation loading component 2 is switched to the non-working state, the movement of the moving guide rod 29 of the cutting simulation device makes it completely withdraw from the working area, providing an interference-free space for the operation of the torque loading component 3; this horizontal movement mechanism not only improves the operational flexibility of the device, but also ensures the repeatability of the cutting force loading position through the high-precision guiding function of the moving guide rod 29 of the cutting simulation device, thereby further improving the reliability of the loading experiment.

[0049] The cutting force simulation loading assembly 2 also includes a loading support rod sleeve 21, a feedback spring 23 and a piezoelectric ceramic fixed base 27; the loading support rod sleeve 21 is fixed to the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base 27 by bolts, providing a guiding function and limiting the lateral displacement of the loading support rod 20, and the loading support rod fixed support 22 is fixed to the cutting force simulation device moving guide rod 29 by pins; one end of the loading support rod 20 passes through the loading support rod sleeve 21, and the other end is connected to the loading support rod fixed support 22 by bolts to form a stable support structure; the feedback spring 23 is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base 27 and the cutting force simulation device support base 28, and is used to provide elastic restoring force when the loading support rod 20 is subjected to force, thereby simulating the dynamic elastic change characteristics during the cutting process.

[0050] In addition, the design of the loading support rod 20, the loading support rod sleeve 21 and the fixed base 1 not only provides mechanical structural stability, but also disperses the transmission path of the multi-axis loading force through a clever geometric layout. This design avoids the single-point stress concentration phenomenon and improves the rigidity and fatigue resistance of the overall device through a reasonable support structure. At the same time, the adjustable design of the loading support rod 20 enables the device to be flexibly adapted to CNC lathes of different specifications, significantly enhancing the versatility of the device.

[0051] As an extension of this embodiment, we can adjust the height of the cutting force simulation loading assembly 2 to accurately control the contact force of the piezoelectric ceramic and the contact mode between the piezoelectric ceramic and the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25. This design effectively solves the problem of limited range of motion of the piezoelectric ceramic, improves the stability of the device, and enables fine-tuning in real time. This is particularly important in dynamic load applications, which can ensure the stability of the device and the reliability of long-term operation.

[0052] like Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the torque loading assembly 3 includes a first coupling 30, a torque sensor 31, a magnetic powder brake 32 and a second coupling 33; the first coupling 30 and the second coupling 33 are used to achieve precise transmission of torque, one end of the magnetic powder brake 32 is connected to the torque loading fixed support 6, and the other end is connected to the torque sensor 31 through the first coupling 30, and the other end of the torque sensor 31 is connected to the power head of the power servo tool holder through the second coupling 33, wherein the torque loading fixed support 6 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 1.

[0053] The magnetic powder brake 32 is fixedly mounted on the torque loading fixed support 6, and generates a precisely controllable damping torque through electromagnetic action, thereby applying a rotational torque to the cutting force simulation loading component 2; the torque sensor 31 is used to detect the torque value applied by the magnetic powder brake 32 in real time, and feed back the measurement result to the measuring component 5 to complete real-time monitoring; the high rigidity and high concentricity design of the first coupling 30 and the second coupling 33 ensure the stability of the torque loading and the measurement accuracy.

[0054] Specifically, the magnetic powder brake 32 provides a lightweight and efficient solution for torque loading. By precisely controlling the magnetic field strength, the magnetic powder brake 32 can dynamically adjust the loading torque to achieve high-precision torque output. However, its innovation lies not only in the performance advantage of a single component, but also in the fact that through the optimized design of the first coupling 30 and the fixed support 6, it forms a clever decoupling and cooperative relationship with the cutting force simulation loading component 2. Specifically, under the cutting loading condition, the operation of the magnetic powder brake 32 can be dynamically adjusted to avoid interference, thereby achieving efficient switching and collaborative work of the two loading modes in the same device.

[0055] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the machine tool power assembly 4 includes a CNC lathe chuck 40, a cutting force loading rod 41 and a power servo tool holder 42; the CNC lathe chuck 40 is used to fix the base 1, and the CNC lathe chuck 40 is connected to the CNC system 44 through a high-precision servo spindle 43 to achieve high-precision rotation; one end of the cutting force loading rod 41 is connected to the cutting force simulation loading assembly 2 through a loading ball socket 24, and the other end is fixed to the power servo tool holder 42, which is used to transmit power input and apply cutting force to the power servo tool holder 42; the power servo tool holder 42 is connected to a high-precision servo drive motor 45, and the servo drive motor 45 can accurately adjust the rotation accuracy and movement accuracy to match the cutting force simulation loading assembly 2.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, the measuring component 5 includes a pressure sensor 50, a torque sensor 31, a displacement sensor 52 and a control system 53; the pressure sensor 50 is located at the upper end of the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base 27, connected to the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25, and is used to measure the loading force and output a signal to the control system 53; the torque sensor 31 is used to detect the torque value transmitted in the torque loading component 3; the control system 53 dynamically adjusts the output parameters of the loading component 2 and the torque loading component 3 by receiving the signals from the pressure sensor 50 and the torque sensor 31, thereby realizing accurate simulation and real-time control of the cutting process.

[0057] like Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, a height adjustment mechanism 7 is installed between the feedback spring 23 and the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base 27; the height adjustment mechanism 7 includes an upper wedge plate 70, a middle wedge plate 71, a lower wedge plate 72, a latch 73, a screw 74 and a washer support plate 75; the upper wedge plate 70, the lower wedge plate 72 and the middle wedge plate 71 are interconnected through an inclined slot, and a latch 73 and a screw 74 are fixed inside to form a wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism to achieve stable force transmission and fine-tuning of the height of the device; the upper wedge plate 70 is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base 27, and the lower wedge plate 72 is connected to the washer support plate 75; by setting the height adjustment mechanism 7, accurate force transmission is achieved, and the height of the piezoelectric ceramic can be adjusted at the same time to ensure that the piezoelectric ceramic preload is sufficient, so that both feedback and accurate force transmission can be achieved; the pre-compression amount of the feedback spring 23 is optimized by the height adjustment mechanism 7 to ensure that the inner and outer springs are loaded synergistically at different working stages, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of force transmission. It can also eliminate installation errors, maintain coaxial loading, reduce lateral force interference during loading, and ensure a more stable and reliable force transmission path.

[0058] like Figure 4-Figure 5As shown, the feedback spring 23 is located in the middle position between the cutting force simulation device support base 28 and the shim support plate 75, and is below the loading support rod 20; the feedback spring 23 is an inner and outer double-layer spring, and the low-rigidity spring of the outer circle is concentrically arranged around the inner circle spring; an annular groove 28-1 is formed on the cutting force simulation device support base 28, and the bottom end of the feedback spring 23 is fixed on the annular groove 28-1, and the annular groove 28-1 ensures that the feedback spring 23 is firmly supported to prevent the feedback spring 23 from shifting when subjected to force; the top of the feedback spring 23 is fixed by the shim support plate 75 to ensure that the loading force can be transmitted to the height adjustment mechanism 7 through the feedback spring 23.

[0059] Specifically, a sensor assembly for monitoring the feedback spring 23 can be set inside the feedback spring 23 to ensure stability during dynamic loading between the feedback spring 23 and the piezoelectric ceramic, absorb excess displacement of the feedback spring 23 through its flexible deformation, and reduce the impact transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic. A rigid force distribution plate is added above the damping layer to smooth the nonlinear deformation output by the spring. A force sensor is also required to monitor the spring. If the sensor detects that the loading is not stable, the dynamic parameters of the damping layer or the rigid support are adjusted; or the outer layer of the double-layer spring with low stiffness is used to handle large displacement changes, absorb a large range of deformation, provide elastic compensation, and avoid the problem of insufficient compression in the system; the inner layer of the high stiffness spring handles small-range displacement changes, ensures the accuracy of force transmission, enhances the stability of force, and provides high-precision loading within a small displacement range; the two springs of the inner and outer double-layer springs are installed on the same base to ensure the stability of the overall structure and the characteristics of easy installation; the tops of the two springs are connected to the pad iron support plate 75, and the pad iron support plate 75 is connected to the loading support rod 20 to ensure the smooth transmission of force.

[0060] The operating principle of the full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest in this embodiment is:

[0061] When loading the tool holder with cutting force, adjust the device to a suitable height and move the device on the moving guide rod 29 of the cutting force simulation device to avoid interference with torque loading. Run the lathe, push the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25 on the tool holder to the loading ball socket 24 on the piezoelectric ceramic, and check whether it is firmly pressed by the feedback spring 23 below. It can also make up for the insufficient moving distance of the piezoelectric ceramic during actual operation. The frequency change of the piezoelectric ceramic during loading can be observed through the jumping of the feedback spring 23. When performing torque loading, move the cutting force simulation loading component 2 to avoid interference with the torque loading device. Fix the torque loading component 3 together through the coupling and the loading rod on the power head. Run the magnetic powder brake 32 to adjust the torque to meet the simulation of various working conditions.

[0062] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention; therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0063] Although this article uses more figure marks for description: fixed base 1, cutting force simulation loading component 2, torque loading component 3, machine tool power component 4, measurement component 5, torque loading fixed support 6, height adjustment mechanism 7, loading support rod 20, loading support rod sleeve 21, loading support rod fixed support 22, feedback spring 23, loading ball socket 24, piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 25, piezoelectric ceramic sleeve 26, piezoelectric ceramic fixed base 27, cutting force simulation device support base 28, annular groove 28-1, cutting The cutting force simulation device includes the moving guide rod 29, the first coupling 30, the torque sensor 31, the magnetic powder brake 32, the second coupling 33, the CNC lathe chuck 40, the cutting force loading rod 41, the power servo tool holder 42, the servo spindle 43, the CNC system 44, the pressure sensor 50, the torque sensor 31, the displacement sensor 52, the control system 53, the upper wedge plate 70, the middle wedge plate 71, the lower wedge plate 72, the latch 73, the screw 74, the pad support plate 75 and other terms, but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only for more convenient description and explanation of the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest, characterized in that: include A cutting force simulation loading component (2); used for applying cutting force to restore the motion state in the actual cutting process; The torque loading component (3) is assembled at the end of the cutting force simulation loading component (2) and is used to apply a rotational torque to the cutting force simulation loading component (2) to achieve accurate transmission of the torque; The machine tool power assembly (4) is connected to the cutting force simulation loading assembly (2) to provide high-precision power input required for rotation and cutting motion for the test; The measuring component (5) is connected to the torque loading component (3) and is used for real-time monitoring and recording of mechanical data during the cutting process.

2. A full-operation simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixed bracket, which is made of a high-strength metal frame and is used to support and fix the cutting force simulation loading component (2), the torque loading component (3), the machine tool power component (4) and the measuring component (5).

3. A full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cutting force simulation loading assembly (2) comprises a loading support rod (20), a loading support rod fixed support (22), a loading ball socket (24), a piezoelectric ceramic loading rod (25), a piezoelectric ceramic sleeve (26), a cutting force simulation device support base (28) and a cutting force simulation device movable guide rod (29); the cutting simulation device support base (28) is fixed to the cutting simulation device movable guide rod (29) by pins to ensure the adjustable mobility of the cutting simulation device; the bottom end of the cutting simulation device movable guide rod (29) is fixed to the fixed base (1) by bolts; the loading ball socket (24) is connected to the top of the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod (25) by threads and can be freely adjusted in multiple directions to meet the requirements of cutting working conditions; the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod (25) is installed in the piezoelectric ceramic sleeve (26), and the piezoelectric ceramic sleeve (26) is fixed to the loading support rod fixed support (22) by screws.

4. The full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movement of the movable guide rod (29) of the cutting simulation device achieves precise displacement in the horizontal direction, thereby meeting different test requirements; when the cutting force simulation loading component (2) is switched to a non-working state, the movement of the movable guide rod (29) of the cutting simulation device causes it to completely withdraw from the working area, thereby providing an interference-free space for the operation of the torque loading component (3).

5. The full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cutting force simulation loading assembly (2) also includes a loading support rod sleeve (21), a feedback spring (23) and a piezoelectric ceramic fixed base (27); the loading support rod sleeve (21) is fixed to the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base (27) by bolts, providing a guiding function and limiting the lateral displacement of the loading support rod (20); the loading support rod fixed support (22) is fixed to the cutting force simulation device moving guide rod (29) by pins; one end of the loading support rod (20) passes through the loading support rod sleeve (21), and the other end is connected to the loading support rod fixed support (22) by bolts to form a stable support structure; the feedback spring (23) is arranged between the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base (27) and the cutting force simulation device support base (28), and is used to provide elastic restoring force when the loading support rod (20) is subjected to force, thereby simulating the dynamic elastic change characteristics during the cutting process.

6. A full-operation-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 5, characterized in that: A height adjustment mechanism (7) is arranged between the feedback spring (23) and the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base (27); the height adjustment mechanism (7) comprises an upper wedge plate (70), a middle wedge plate (71), a lower wedge plate (72), a latch (73), a screw (74) and a washer support plate (75); the upper wedge plate (70), the lower wedge plate (72) and the middle wedge plate (71) are connected to each other via an inclined slot, and a latch (73) and a screw (74) are fixed inside to form a wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism, so as to achieve stable force transmission and fine adjustment of the height of the device; the upper wedge plate (70) is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base (27), and the lower wedge plate (72) is connected to the washer support plate (75).

7. The full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque loading assembly (3) comprises a first coupling (30), a torque sensor (31), a magnetic powder brake (32) and a second coupling (33); the first coupling (30) and the second coupling (33) are used to achieve accurate transmission of torque; one end of the magnetic powder brake (32) is connected to the torque loading fixed support (6), and the other end is connected to the torque sensor (31) through the first coupling (30); the other end of the torque sensor (31) is connected to the power head of the power servo tool holder through the second coupling (33); wherein the torque loading fixed support (6) is fixedly connected to the fixed base (1).

8. The full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool power assembly (4) comprises a CNC lathe chuck (40), a cutting force loading rod (41) and a power servo tool holder (42); the CNC lathe chuck (40) is used to fix the base (1), and the CNC lathe chuck (40) is connected to a CNC system (44) via a high-precision servo spindle (43) to achieve high-precision rotation; one end of the cutting force loading rod (41) is connected to a cutting force simulation loading assembly (2) via a loading ball socket (24), and the other end is fixed to the power servo tool holder (42) to transmit power input and apply cutting force to the power servo tool holder (42).

9. The full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power servo tool rest (42) is connected to a high-precision servo drive motor (45), and the servo drive motor (45) can accurately adjust the rotation accuracy and movement accuracy to match the cutting force simulation loading component (2).

10. The full-operating-condition simulation test device for a power servo tool rest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring component (5) comprises a pressure sensor (50), a torque sensor (31), a displacement sensor (52) and a control system (53); the pressure sensor (50) is located at the upper end of the piezoelectric ceramic fixed base (27), connected to the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod (25), and is used to measure the loading force and output a signal to the control system (53); the torque sensor (31) is used to detect the torque value transmitted in the torque loading component (3); the control system (53) dynamically adjusts the output parameters of the loading component (2) and the torque loading component (3) by receiving the signals from the pressure sensor (50) and the torque sensor (31), thereby realizing accurate simulation and real-time control of the cutting process.

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