Multi-bolt looseness automatic detection, tracking and positioning method and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a multi-bolt looseness automatic detection, tracking and positioning method and system, relates to the field of bolt looseness detection, and can improve the efficiency and accuracy of multi-bolt rapid nondestructive detection and tracking and positioning. The multi-bolt looseness automatic detecting, tracking and positioning method comprises the steps that modeling analysis is conducted on a structural body and bolts installed on the structural body, and simulation values of vibration parameters are obtained; obtaining an actual measurement value of the analysis item; according to the simulation value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item, whether the measured value of the analysis item exceeds a preset threshold value or not is judged, and if the measured value of the analysis item exceeds the preset threshold value, alarm information is sent out. The bolt looseness detection device is suitable for bolt looseness detection occasions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of bolt loosening detection, and in particular to a method and system for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening. Background Art

[0002] Bolt connection is a common connection method in steel structure connection. It is very common in ancient buildings, modern historical building reinforcement structures, and modern building structures. Due to the influence of disrepair, environmental corrosion, fatigue vibration, etc., bolts often have defects such as loosening, deformation, falling off, and breaking. Among these types of defects, deformation, falling off, and breaking are obvious phenomena and can be directly judged by observation; while bolt loosening is difficult to identify because the phenomenon is not obvious. The method of manual regular inspection has low work efficiency, and when the bolt position is high, there are greater safety hazards. At the same time, since some parts are not easy to observe, it is easy to miss the inspection. In addition, the current method is suitable for the detection of a single bolt, and cannot track the position of the loose bolt as a whole. When multiple bolted joints need to be inspected regularly, the use of existing detection methods makes the accuracy and efficiency of bolt loosening detection low. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a method and system for automatically detecting and tracking the loosening of multiple bolts, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of rapid non-destructive detection and tracking and positioning of multiple bolts.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this application is: In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening, comprising: Modeling and analyzing a structure and bolts installed on the structure to obtain simulated values ​​of vibration parameters, wherein the vibration parameters include at least one of the following: vibration frequency, amplitude, resonance frequency, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolts; obtaining measured values ​​of analysis items, wherein the analysis items include at least the vibration parameters; judging whether the measured values ​​of the analysis items exceed a preset threshold value based on the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items, and if so, issuing an alarm message.

[0005] In a specific implementation manner, the issuing of an alarm message includes: determining the location of a loose bolt and issuing a laser to point to the loose bolt.

[0006] In a specific embodiment, obtaining the measured value of the analysis item includes: Performing an acoustic resonance test on the structure or the bolt, and obtaining the measured value of the acoustic resonance frequency of the structure or the bolt; and / or performing a vibration test on the structure or the bolt, and obtaining the measured values ​​of the vibration frequency, amplitude, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolt under excitation.

[0007] In a specific embodiment, the analysis items also include at least one of the following analysis items: thermal imaging of the structure or the bolt, deformation of the structure or the bolt, time, amplitude, and frequency of ultrasonic echo of the structure or the bolt.

[0008] The obtaining of the measured value of the analysis item also includes: performing thermal imaging detection on the structure or the bolt to obtain a heat distribution image of the structure or the bolt; and / or performing radar wave detection on the structure or the bolt, performing a surface scan on the structure or the bolt without excitation and obtaining first scanning data, and performing a surface scan on the structure or the bolt under excitation and obtaining second scanning data, so as to determine the deformation of the structure or the bolt based on the first scanning data and the second scanning data; and / or performing ultrasonic detection on the structure or the bolt, sending ultrasonic waves to the structure or the bolt and receiving echoes, and determining the time, amplitude, and frequency of the ultrasonic echo of the structure or the bolt.

[0009] In a specific implementation manner, obtaining the measured value of the analysis item includes measuring the structure or the bolt according to a preset collection frequency and a preset collection time, and obtaining the measured value of the analysis item.

[0010] In a specific implementation manner, after obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, the method further includes analyzing the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item, and using a machine learning algorithm to establish a characteristic model of the bolt loosening.

[0011] After obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, the method also includes storing the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item in a detection database for data tracing; and / or uploading the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item to a cloud server for big data analysis and trend prediction.

[0012] After obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, the method further includes calibrating the measured value of the analysis item to eliminate the influence of temperature and humidity on the measured value of the analysis item, and compensating for the measurement error generated by the structure or the bolt during the detection process.

[0013] In the second aspect, in order to implement the above-mentioned method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening, the present application provides a system for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening, including: A modeling module is used to perform modeling and analysis on a structure and bolts installed on the structure to obtain simulated values ​​of vibration parameters, wherein the vibration parameters include at least one of the following: vibration frequency, amplitude, resonance frequency, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolts; a detection module is used to perform on-site detection on the structure or the bolts to obtain measured values ​​of analysis items, wherein the analysis items include at least the vibration parameters; an analysis module is used to determine whether the measured value of the analysis item exceeds a preset threshold value based on the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item, and if so, issue an alarm message.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for loosening multiple bolts also includes an alarm and tracking positioning module, which is provided with a tracking mirror. The alarm and tracking positioning module is used to determine the position of the loose bolts. The tracking mirror rotates to track the loose bolts and emits a laser to point to the loose bolts.

[0015] The detection module includes an acoustic wave resonance detection device, which is equipped with an acoustic wave sensor for measuring the acoustic wave resonance frequency of the structure or the bolt; and / or the detection module includes a vibration sensor detection device, which is equipped with a vibration sensor for measuring and analyzing the vibration frequency, amplitude, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolt under excitation.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the analysis items also include at least one of the following: thermal imaging of the structure or the bolt, deformation of the structure or the bolt, time, amplitude, and frequency of ultrasonic echo of the structure or the bolt.

[0017] The detection module also includes a thermal imaging detection device, which is used to scan and detect the structure or the bolt to obtain a heat distribution image of the structure or the bolt; and / or the detection module also includes a radar wave detection device, which is used to perform a surface scan on the structure or the bolt without excitation and obtain first scanning data, and perform a surface scan under excitation and obtain second scanning data, so as to determine the deformation of the structure or the bolt based on the first scanning data and the second scanning data; and / or the detection module also includes an ultrasonic detection device, which is used to send ultrasonic waves to the structure or the bolt and receive echoes, so as to determine the time, amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic echo of the structure or the bolt.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for loosening multiple bolts also includes a data acquisition and control module, which is used to control the detection module to measure the structure or the bolt according to a preset acquisition frequency and a preset acquisition time, and obtain the actual measured value of the analysis item.

[0019] In a specific implementation scheme, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for loosening multiple bolts also includes a data analysis and fusion module. The data analysis and fusion module is used to analyze the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items after obtaining the measured values ​​of the analysis items, and to use a machine learning algorithm to establish a characteristic model of the bolt loosening.

[0020] In a specific implementation scheme, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for loosening multiple bolts also includes a data storage and tracing module, which is used to, after obtaining the measured values ​​of the analysis items, store the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items into a detection database for data tracing; and / or upload the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items to a cloud server for big data analysis and trend prediction.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for loosening multiple bolts also includes a calibration and compensation module, which is used to calibrate the measured value of the analysis item after obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, eliminate the influence of temperature and humidity on the measured value of the analysis item, and compensate for the measurement error of the structure or the bolt generated during the detection process.

[0022] The embodiment of the present application provides a method and system for automatically detecting and tracking the looseness of multiple bolts. By modeling and analyzing the structure and the bolts installed on the structure, the simulated value of the vibration parameter is obtained, and the vibration parameter includes at least one of the following: the vibration frequency, amplitude, resonance frequency, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolt; then the measured value of the analysis item is obtained, and the analysis item includes at least the vibration parameter; then, based on the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item, it is determined whether the measured value of the analysis item exceeds the preset threshold value, and if it exceeds, an alarm message is issued. This method can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of rapid non-destructive detection and tracking and positioning of multiple bolts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a system for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening provided in an embodiment of the present application; Description of main reference numerals: 1-Modeling module; 2-Detection module; 3-Analysis module; 4-Alarm and tracking and positioning module; 5-Data acquisition and control module; 6-Data analysis and fusion module; 7-Data storage and traceability module; 8-Calibration and compensation module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] Bolt connection is a common connection method in steel structure connection, and is very common in ancient buildings, modern historical building reinforcement structures, and modern building structures. Due to the influence of disrepair, environmental corrosion, fatigue vibration, etc., bolts often have defects such as loosening, deformation, falling off, and breaking. The method of manual regular inspection has low work efficiency. When the bolt position is high, there is a large safety hazard, and it is easy to miss the inspection. In addition, the position of the loose bolts cannot be tracked as a whole, which makes the accuracy and efficiency of bolt loosening detection low. In order to solve the above problems, on the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for automatic detection and tracking of multiple bolt loosening, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of rapid non-destructive detection and tracking and positioning of multiple bolts.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening may include: S101: Modeling and analyzing the structure and the bolts installed on the structure to obtain simulation values ​​of vibration parameters, where the vibration parameters include at least one of the following: vibration frequency, amplitude, resonance frequency, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolts; The structure and the bolts installed on the structure have their basic characteristics. By modeling and analyzing the structure and the bolts installed on the structure, the simulation values ​​of the basic characteristics can be obtained, and these simulation values ​​are the reference for subsequent analysis and comparison; for example, the basic characteristics can be vibration parameters, which are the vibration frequency, amplitude, resonance frequency, vibration mode, etc. of the structure or the bolts installed on the structure.

[0029] S102: obtaining measured values ​​of analysis items, where the analysis items at least include vibration parameters; To determine whether the bolts are loose, it is necessary to analyze some parameters of the structure or the bolts installed on the structure; corresponding testing instruments can be used to test the structure or the bolts installed on the structure to obtain actual measured values; for example, vibration sensors and acoustic resonance sensors can be used to obtain actual measured values ​​of vibration parameters.

[0030] S103: judging whether the actual measured value of the analysis item exceeds a preset threshold value according to the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the actual measured value of the analysis item, and if so, issuing an alarm message.

[0031] Compare and analyze the actual measured values ​​of various analysis items of the structure or the bolts installed on the structure measured by the detection instrument and the theoretical simulation calculated values ​​of the vibration parameters to determine whether the actual measured value exceeds the preset value. If it exceeds the preset value, an audible and visual alarm message is issued.

[0032] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for automatically detecting and tracking the looseness of multiple bolts. By modeling and analyzing the structure and the bolts installed on the structure, the simulated value of the vibration parameter is obtained, and the vibration parameter includes at least one of the following: the vibration frequency, amplitude, resonance frequency, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolt; then the measured value of the analysis item is obtained, and the analysis item includes at least the vibration parameter; then, based on the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item, it is determined whether the measured value of the analysis item exceeds the preset threshold value, and if it exceeds, an alarm message is issued. This method can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of rapid non-destructive detection and tracking and positioning of multiple bolts.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, in step S103, the alarm information is specifically issued when it is detected that the bolt looseness reaches a set threshold value, and an audible and visual alarm is issued. The characteristic model of the loose bolts mentioned above is input through a tracking mirror equipped with a motor that can rotate 360 ​​degrees up and down and left and right. Through the analysis of the field measured data, the automatic rotation tracking of the tracking mirror is automatically realized, and the loose bolts are pointed at by the laser, and the field of view is enlarged on the observation screen of the tracking mirror. When multiple bolts are loose, in addition to realizing the detection of the loose bolts, the laser can also be automatically pointed to multiple loose bolt parts in sequence. The tracking mirror does not come into contact with the component to be measured, and can be at a certain distance, facing the component to be measured.

[0034] In order to determine the position of the loose bolt, it is necessary to obtain the spatial coordinates of the loose bolt. There are many ways to obtain the spatial coordinates. For example, you can use a measuring instrument to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of a specific point on the component; you can also use the relative positioning method to determine the baseline and measure the relative distance and angle between the component and the baseline; you can also use the laser measurement method; there is no specific restriction on how to obtain the spatial coordinates, and it can be used alone or in combination. In this way, it is possible to accurately track and locate the loose bolt.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, in step S102, obtaining the measured value of the analysis item includes at least one of the following: performing acoustic resonance detection on the structure or bolt, and obtaining the measured value of the acoustic resonance frequency of the structure or bolt; when the bolt is in a tightened state, its inherent acoustic resonance frequency is within a specific range, and when the bolt is loose, its acoustic resonance frequency will change; at the same time, the acoustic resonance frequency is the easiest to measure and relatively accurate, and the required instrument is simple and easy to install; and / or performing vibration detection on the structure or bolt, and obtaining the measured value of the vibration frequency, amplitude, and vibration mode of the structure or bolt under excitation; arranging a micro vibration sensor on the structure or bolt to detect the vibration frequency and amplitude of the structure (including the bolt) under external excitation. External excitation can be knocked with a small wooden hammer or a small rubber hammer, and the specific method of excitation is not limited here. Perform spectral analysis on the data collected by vibration. When the bolt is loose, the vibration frequency, vibration mode, and amplitude of the structure will change, and the looseness of the bolt can be analyzed and judged by these changes.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, in step S102, the analysis items further include at least thermal imaging of the structure or the bolt, deformation of the structure or the bolt, and one of time, amplitude, and frequency of ultrasonic echo of the structure or the bolt.

[0037] In step S102, obtaining the measured value of the analysis item also includes: performing thermal imaging detection on the structure or bolt to obtain the heat distribution image of the structure or bolt; in the actual detection of bolt loosening, the position of the bolt or the structure where the bolt is located often shows a large difference, and at this time a single measurement method cannot meet the detection of multiple bolts; therefore, the present application provides different detection methods for bolts in different situations, and also provides corresponding analysis items; for example, the bolt position is relatively high and people cannot go up, or the space is narrow and people cannot pass through, at this time, thermal imaging can be used for detection; and / or Perform radar wave detection on the structure or bolt, perform surface scanning on the structure or bolt without excitation and obtain first scanning data, perform surface scanning on the structure or bolt under excitation and obtain second scanning data, so as to determine the deformation of the structure or bolt according to the first scanning data and the second scanning data; when performing the above radar wave detection, it is necessary to perform it under excitation, and a small wooden hammer or a small rubber hammer can be used for knocking, and the specific method of excitation is not limited here; and / or Ultrasonic testing is performed on structures or bolts. Ultrasonic waves are sent to the structures or bolts and echoes are received to determine the time, amplitude, and frequency of the ultrasonic echoes of the structures or bolts. The basic principle of ultrasonic bolt loosening detection is the acoustic elasticity theory. When the bolts are tightened, the ultrasonic waves propagate relatively stably on the contact surface between the structure and the bolts, and the echo frequency, amplitude, and propagation time are relatively fixed. When the bolts are loose, the state of the contact surface changes. If the contact pressure decreases, the propagation characteristics of the ultrasonic waves will change. The ultrasonic testing method has high precision and can accurately measure the tightening force of the bolts with very small errors. Ultrasonic testing is a non-destructive testing method that will not cause any damage to the bolts and will not affect the bolt connection structure. It is easy to operate, low cost, and can measure the real thing, and the information can be easily saved.

[0038] In a specific implementation, in step S102, the measured value of the analysis item is obtained, specifically, the structure or the bolt is measured according to a preset collection frequency and a preset collection time, and the measured value of the analysis item is obtained.

[0039] During the specific implementation, the preset collection frequency and the preset collection time can be set to 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 1 hour, 12 hours, 1 day, 5 days, etc. according to the actual situation, including single detection or long-term monitoring; the same collection frequency and collection time are set for each bolt to be tested, and each detection instrument is controlled to synchronously detect and collect data; it can also be set to be the same for some and different for others, and the collection frequency and collection time of each bolt to be tested can also be set to be different from each other; the data collection frequency can also be set to a specific time point, and detection and data collection are carried out when the specific time point is reached, such as setting 21:00 on August 5, 2024, 21:00 on August 7, 2024, 10:00 on August 15, 2024, etc.; the operation of each detection instrument is controlled by the set collection frequency and collection time; in this way, automatic detection of bolt loosening is realized, and the staff does not need to go to the site to detect bolt loosening every time, which greatly improves the detection efficiency of multiple bolt loosening.

[0040] Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, after obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, the method also includes analyzing the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item, and using a machine learning algorithm to establish a characteristic model of bolt loosening.

[0041] The common machine learning algorithms are as follows: Data collection: First, you need to collect enough data to ensure that the quantity and quality of the data can meet the needs of modeling; this includes operations such as deduplication, standardization, error correction, and saving in a format suitable for subsequent processing; Data preprocessing: In order to improve data quality, data preprocessing is required, such as processing missing values, outliers, data normalization, etc.; Feature engineering: Feature engineering is a crucial step in machine learning, including sub-processes such as feature extraction, feature construction, and feature selection; Model training: At this stage, you need to select a suitable algorithm (such as linear regression, decision tree, support vector machine, etc.) for training according to the type of problem; Model evaluation: The process of measuring model performance through test data sets. Common evaluation indicators include accuracy, recall rate, F1 score, etc.; Model deployment: After satisfactory evaluation, the model can be deployed to actual applications for prediction tasks. Using machine learning algorithms, machine learning is performed on the measured values ​​of each analysis item and the simulated values ​​of vibration parameters to establish a characteristic model for bolt loosening, which effectively improves the accuracy of bolt loosening detection.

[0042] Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, after obtaining the measured values ​​of the analysis items, the method also includes storing the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items in a detection database for data tracing; and / or uploading the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items to a cloud server for big data analysis and trend prediction.

[0043] The simulated values ​​of vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of analysis items are stored. These stored data can be viewed locally; they can also be uploaded to a cloud server so that people in different geographical locations can easily view them on their terminal devices, which can be mobile phones, desktops and / or tablets. These stored data greatly facilitate future inquiries, re-analysis and reference learning, and professionals in the industry can view these data so that the data information of bolt loosening detection can be fed back to users in a timely manner and measures can be taken to avoid dangers and losses caused by loose bolts in structures such as ancient buildings.

[0044] Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, after obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, the method further includes calibrating the measured value of the analysis item, eliminating the influence of temperature and humidity on the measured value of the analysis item, and compensating for the measurement error generated by the structure or bolt during the detection process. Because in the actual detection environment, the temperature, humidity, gas composition, light, and the structure where the bolt is located are all different, when performing detection under these different environmental conditions, the influence of these factors on the detection must be considered, and measures must be taken to reduce or even eliminate these influences, so as to obtain accurate and effective data and effectively improve the accuracy of bolt loosening detection.

[0045] On the second aspect, in a specific implementation, the method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple loose bolts is implemented based on an automatic detecting, tracking and locating system for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple loose bolts.

[0046] See also Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a system for automatically detecting and tracking the loosening of multiple bolts, comprising: Modeling module 1, used for modeling and analyzing the structure and the bolts installed on the structure to obtain simulation values ​​of vibration parameters, where the vibration parameters include at least one of the following: vibration frequency, amplitude, resonance frequency, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolt; Detection module 2, used to perform on-site detection on the structure or bolts to obtain measured values ​​of analysis items, where the analysis items at least include vibration parameters; The analysis module 3 is used to determine whether the actual measured value of the analysis item exceeds a preset threshold value based on the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the actual measured value of the analysis item, and if so, issue an alarm message.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for multiple loose bolts also includes an alarm and tracking and positioning module 4 for locating the loose bolts and pointing the loose bolts with lasers.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the alarm and tracking and positioning module 4 includes a tracking mirror, a laser, a support frame and an audible and visual alarm; the laser is installed on the tracking mirror, so that the laser can move with the movement of the tracking mirror, and the laser is used to shine on the loose bolts. The tracking mirror is set at the upper end of the support frame, and the audible and visual alarm is installed on the side of the support frame.

[0049] Furthermore, the alarm and tracking positioning device 4 is arranged at a certain distance from the bolt to be tested; the tracking mirror can rotate 360 ​​degrees up and down, left and right, and can also enlarge the field of view of the tracked loose bolt; the laser color of the laser can be red, blue, or green; the shape of the laser spot can be a dot, a "cross", a "M" shape, etc.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the detection module 2 includes an acoustic wave resonance detection device, which is equipped with an acoustic wave sensor for measuring the acoustic wave resonance frequency of the structure or bolt; and / or the detection module 2 includes a vibration sensor detection device, which is equipped with a vibration sensor for measuring and analyzing the vibration frequency, amplitude, and vibration mode of the structure or bolt under excitation.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the analysis items further include at least one of the following: thermal imaging of the structure or bolt, deformation of the structure or bolt, time, amplitude, and frequency of the structure or bolt in response to ultrasonic echoes.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the detection module 2 also includes a thermal imaging detection device, which is used to scan and detect the structure or bolt to obtain a heat distribution image of the structure or bolt; and / or the detection module 2 also includes a radar wave detection device, which is used to perform a surface scan on the structure or bolt without excitation and obtain first scanning data, and to perform a surface scan under excitation and obtain second scanning data, so as to determine the deformation of the structure or bolt based on the first scanning data and the second scanning data; and / or the detection module 2 also includes an ultrasonic detection device, which is used to send ultrasonic waves to the structure or bolt and receive echoes, so as to determine the time, amplitude, and frequency of the structure or bolt in response to the ultrasonic echo.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for loosening multiple bolts also includes a data acquisition and control module 5, which is used to control the detection module to measure the structure or bolts according to a preset acquisition frequency and a preset acquisition time, and obtain the actual measured values ​​of the analysis items.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for multiple bolt loosening also includes a data analysis and fusion module 6, which is used to analyze the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items after obtaining the measured values ​​of the analysis items, and use a machine learning algorithm to establish a characteristic model of bolt loosening.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for loosening multiple bolts also includes a data storage and tracing module 7. The data storage and tracing module 7 is used to, after obtaining the measured values ​​of the analysis items, store the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items into the detection database for data tracing; and / or upload the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items to the cloud server for big data analysis and trend prediction.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the automatic detection, tracking and positioning system for loosening multiple bolts also includes a calibration and compensation module 8. The calibration and compensation module 8 is used to calibrate the measured values ​​of the analysis items after obtaining the measured values ​​of the analysis items, eliminate the influence of temperature and humidity on the measured values ​​of the analysis items, and compensate for the measurement errors generated by the structure or bolts during the detection process.

[0057] The embodiment of the present application specifically provides an application example of a system for automatically detecting and tracking the loosening of multiple bolts: the modeling module 1 first models and analyzes the structure and the bolts installed on the structure to obtain simulated values ​​of vibration parameters; when detection is required, the data acquisition and control module 5 controls the corresponding detection device in the detection module 2 to detect the bolts and collect the measured data according to the set collection frequency and collection time, thereby realizing automatic detection and collection of measured data without the participation of staff; after completing the detection and collection of measured data, the data storage and tracing module 7 stores the simulated values ​​and measured data of the vibration parameters in the detection database for data tracing; the simulated values ​​and measured data of the vibration parameters can also be uploaded to the cloud server for big data analysis and trend prediction; the data analysis and fusion module 6 analyzes the simulated values ​​and measured data of the vibration parameters, and A machine learning algorithm is used to establish a characteristic model of bolt loosening, and the accuracy of bolt loosening detection is continuously improved; the calibration and compensation module 8 calibrates the measured data, eliminates the influence of temperature and humidity on the measured data, and compensates for the measurement errors generated by the structure or bolts during the detection process, further improving the accuracy of bolt loosening detection; the analysis module 3 determines whether the measured value of the analysis item exceeds the preset threshold value based on the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured data, combined with the bolt loosening characteristic model obtained by the machine learning algorithm. If it exceeds, the relevant information is sent to the alarm and tracking and positioning module 4. According to the relevant information, the sound and light alarm emits a sound and light alarm, the tracking mirror locates the loose bolt, and the laser emitted by the laser points to the loose bolt; therefore, it can be concluded that the technical solution provided by the present application can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of rapid non-destructive detection and tracking and positioning of multiple bolts.

[0058] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening, characterized in that: include: Modeling and analyzing a structure and a bolt installed on the structure to obtain a simulation value of a vibration parameter, wherein the vibration parameter includes at least one of the following: a vibration frequency, an amplitude, a resonance frequency, and a vibration mode of the structure or the bolt; Acquiring measured values ​​of analysis items, wherein the analysis items at least include the vibration parameters; According to the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item, it is judged whether the measured value of the analysis item exceeds a preset threshold value, and if so, an alarm message is issued.

2. The method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sending of the alarm information includes: determining the position of the loose bolt and sending a laser to point to the loose bolt.

3. The method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the measured value of the analysis item includes: Performing an acoustic resonance test on the structure or the bolt, and obtaining a measured value of the acoustic resonance frequency of the structure or the bolt; and / or Vibration detection is performed on the structure or the bolt, and actual measured values ​​of the vibration frequency, amplitude, and vibration mode of the structure or the bolt under excitation are obtained.

4. The method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The analysis items further include at least one of the following: thermal imaging of the structure or the bolt, deformation of the structure or the bolt, time, amplitude, and frequency of ultrasonic echo of the structure or the bolt; The obtaining of the measured value of the analysis item further includes: performing thermal imaging detection on the structure or the bolt to obtain a heat distribution image of the structure or the bolt; and / or Performing radar wave detection on the structure or the bolt, performing surface scanning on the structure or the bolt without excitation and obtaining first scanning data, and performing surface scanning on the structure or the bolt under excitation and obtaining second scanning data, so as to determine the deformation of the structure or the bolt according to the first scanning data and the second scanning data; and / or Perform ultrasonic testing on the structure or the bolt, send ultrasonic waves to the structure or the bolt and receive echoes, and determine the time, amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic echoes from the structure or the bolt.

5. The method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The obtaining of the measured value of the analysis item includes: According to the preset collection frequency and the preset collection time, the structure or the bolt is measured, and the measured value of the analysis item is obtained.

6. The method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening according to claim 1, characterized in that: After obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, the method further includes: analyzing the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the measured value of the analysis item, and using a machine learning algorithm to establish a characteristic model of the bolt loosening.

7. The method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening according to claim 1, characterized in that: After obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, the method further includes: The simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items are stored in a detection database for data tracing; and / or the simulated values ​​of the vibration parameters and the measured values ​​of the analysis items are uploaded to a cloud server for big data analysis and trend prediction.

8. The method for automatically detecting, tracking and locating multiple bolt loosening according to claim 1, characterized in that: After obtaining the measured value of the analysis item, the method further includes: calibrating the measured value of the analysis item to eliminate the influence of temperature and humidity on the measured value of the analysis item, and compensating for the measurement error generated by the structure or the bolt during the detection process.

9. A multi-bolt loosening automatic detection tracking and positioning system, characterized in that: include: A modeling module, used for modeling and analyzing a structure and a bolt installed on the structure to obtain a simulation value of a vibration parameter, wherein the vibration parameter includes at least one of the following: a vibration frequency, an amplitude, a resonance frequency, and a vibration mode of the structure or the bolt; A detection module, used for performing on-site detection on the structure or the bolt to obtain measured values ​​of analysis items, wherein the analysis items at least include the vibration parameters; The analysis module is used to determine whether the actual measured value of the analysis item exceeds a preset threshold value based on the simulated value of the vibration parameter and the actual measured value of the analysis item, and if so, issue an alarm message.

10. The multiple bolt loosening automatic detection tracking and positioning system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes an alarm and tracking positioning module, which is provided with a tracking mirror. The alarm and tracking positioning module is used to determine the position of the loose bolt. The tracking mirror rotates to track the loose bolt and emits a laser to point to the loose bolt.

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