Test method for evaluating environmental reliability of rear spoiler

Abstract

The invention discloses a test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler. The test method comprises the following steps: arranging a vibration test bed in an environmental chamber; installing the rear spoiler and the environment part corresponding to the rear spoiler on the vehicle body, and installing the vehicle body on a vibration test bench; carrying out a vibration fatigue test on the vehicle body provided with the rear spoiler according to preset test parameters; the test parameters comprise environmental parameters and vibration parameters, the environmental parameters comprise temperature parameters and humidity parameters of an environmental chamber, and the temperature parameters and the humidity parameters are arranged in a stepped manner; the vibration parameters comprise the vibration frequency, the acceleration power spectral density and the test time t of the vibration test stand; and evaluating the performance of the rear spoiler. The invention has the advantages that the temperature parameter and the humidity parameter of the environmental chamber are arranged in a stepped manner, the test environment can be enhanced, the cyclic load working condition under climate alternation can be quickly verified, the part quality and the whole vehicle requirement can be met, the reliability evaluation time can be shortened, and the test cost can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rear spoilers, and in particular to a test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of rear spoilers. Background Art

[0002] Environmental reliability tests are conducted to analyze, evaluate, verify and improve product reliability. By analyzing the test results, we can fully identify the problems and weak links in product design, manufacturing, use, maintenance, etc., so as to propose targeted improvement plans and improve the reliability level of the car.

[0003] At present, the reliability test of the rear spoiler is generally verified by a four-channel road simulation test on the whole vehicle or a 14,500km road intensive verification. It is necessary to install all components such as wheels and wiring harnesses on the whole vehicle, which takes a long time to prepare the vehicle and has high test costs. In addition, the four-channel road simulator is loaded and moved by four electro-hydraulic servo actuators, and the test equipment is complex and energy-intensive. The 14,500km road intensive verification takes about 6 weeks and the test cost is about 300,000 yuan, which is a long cycle and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler, wherein the rear spoiler and an environmental component corresponding to the rear spoiler are installed on a vehicle body, the vehicle body is installed on a vibration test bench, the vibration test bench is set in an environmental chamber, and the temperature parameters and humidity parameters of the environmental chamber are set in a step-by-step manner to strengthen the real vehicle environment simulating the rear spoiler, thereby improving the reliability level of the rear spoiler.

[0005] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution:

[0006] A test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Set the vibration test bench in the environmental chamber;

[0008] Step 2: Install the rear spoiler and the environmental parts corresponding to the rear spoiler on the vehicle body, and install the vehicle body on the vibration test bench;

[0009] Step 3, performing a vibration fatigue test on the vehicle body with the rear spoiler installed according to pre-set test parameters; the test parameters include environmental parameters and vibration parameters, the environmental parameters include temperature parameters and humidity parameters of the environmental chamber, and the temperature parameters and humidity parameters are set in a step-by-step manner; the vibration parameters include the vibration frequency, acceleration power spectrum density and test time t of the vibration test bench;

[0010] Step 4: Evaluate the performance of the rear spoiler.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature parameters include T1 and T2, temperature T1 is set to 70°C~85°C, temperature T2 is set to -45°C~-35°C, and the holding time of temperature T1 and T2 is set to 1%t~3.5%t; the humidity parameters include a first humidity and a second humidity, the first humidity is set to 60%RH~90%RH, and the second humidity is set to 0%RH~10%RH.

[0012] Furthermore, when the test time is between 0 and t1, the temperature parameter also includes T0, the temperature is set according to T0→T1→T0→T2→T0, and the humidity parameter is set to the first humidity;

[0013] When the test time is between t1 and t2, the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 are set alternately. When the temperature parameter is set to T1, the humidity parameter is set to the first humidity. When the temperature parameter is set to T2, the humidity parameter is set to the second humidity.

[0014] The temperature T0 is set to 20°C~28°C, and t1 is set to 40%t~50%t.

[0015] Furthermore, when the test time is between 0 and t1, the temperature parameters also include T3, T4, T5 and T6, and the temperatures increase and decrease in sequence; temperature T3 is set to 30°C~45°C, temperature T4 is set to -10°C~0°C, and the holding time of temperatures T3 and T4 is set to 4%t~6%t; temperature T5 is set to 55°C~65°C, temperature T6 is set to -30°C~-20°C, and the holding time of temperatures T5 and T6 is set to 1%t~3.5%t; the holding time of temperature T0 between temperature T1 and temperature T2 is set to 7%t~9%t.

[0016] Further, the method for setting the temperature parameters and humidity parameters includes: when the test time is between 0 and 50%t, the temperature is set in a step-by-step manner of 40°C → 60°C → 80°C → 60°C → 40°C → 20°C → 0°C → -20°C → -40°C → -20°C → 0°C → 20°C, wherein the holding time of the temperature of 40°C and 0°C is set to 5%t, the holding time of the temperature of 60°C, 80°C, -20°C and -40°C is set to 2.5%t, and the holding time of the temperature of 20°C is set to 7.5%t; the humidity is set to 0%RH;

[0017] When the test time is between 50%t~t, the temperature is set alternately from 80℃→-40℃, and the holding time is set to 2.5%t; when the temperature is 80℃, the humidity is set to 80%RH, and when the temperature is -40℃, the humidity is set to 0%RH.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for setting the vibration parameters includes setting the vibration frequency and the corresponding acceleration power spectrum density of the vibration test bench according to the acceleration power spectrum density-frequency curve.

[0019] Furthermore, the test time t is set to be one of 150 to 250 hours.

[0020] Furthermore, the vehicle body is configured as a rear half of the vehicle body, which can save test resources and does not require the provision of a complete vehicle.

[0021] Furthermore, the vibration test bench is configured as a uniaxial vibration test bench; when the vehicle body is mounted on the vibration test bench, the center of gravity of the rear half of the vehicle body is kept consistent with the center of gravity of the uniaxial vibration test bench, and the structure is simple.

[0022] Furthermore, the environmental chamber includes a climate box, which saves test space.

[0023] Furthermore, the method for evaluating the performance of the rear spoiler includes:

[0024] Before the test, the initial torque M1 of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is tested. After the test, the residual torque M2 of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is tested. If the residual torque percentage X of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, the mounting bolt torque of the rear spoiler is qualified, where: ; Preferably, the torque threshold is set to one of 45%~60%.

[0025] Furthermore, the method for evaluating the performance of the rear spoiler also includes:

[0026] Before the test, the gap L1 between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is tested, and after the test, the gap L2 between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is tested. If the absolute value of the change in the gap δL between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is less than or equal to the gap threshold, the gap between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is qualified, wherein δL=L2-L1; preferably, the gap threshold is set to one of 0.2~0.5mm.

[0027] Furthermore, the method for evaluating the performance of the rear spoiler also includes: after the test, visually inspecting whether the buckles of the rear spoiler are loose, whether the bonding parts are debonded, and whether the rear spoiler is broken.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) The temperature and humidity parameters of the environmental chamber are set in a step-by-step manner, which is more stringent than the actual vehicle environment of the rear spoiler. This can strengthen the test environment and quickly verify the cyclic load conditions under climate changes, which not only meets the quality requirements of parts and the entire vehicle, but also shortens the reliability evaluation time and saves test costs.

[0030] (2) The rear half of the vehicle body is used for testing, and the parts can be installed flexibly. The test resources are transferred from the whole vehicle to the rear half of the vehicle body, saving one whole vehicle. The test cycle is shortened from 8 weeks to 2 weeks. The cost is reduced from RMB 300,000 to about RMB 40,000. The test cost is low and the cycle is short. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to better understand the above and other purposes, features, advantages and functions of the present invention, reference may be made to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings refer to the same components. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the accompanying drawings are intended to schematically illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention and have no limiting effect on the scope of the present invention, and the components in the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of setting the temperature parameters and humidity parameters of the environmental chamber of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the acceleration power spectrum density-frequency curve of the vibration test bench of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present invention to facilitate understanding, which should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, it should be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Similarly, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, the description of well-known functions and structures is omitted in the following description.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "including" and its variations represent open inclusion, that is, "including but not limited to". The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] The present invention provides a test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Set the vibration test bench in the environmental chamber;

[0038] Step 2: Install the rear spoiler and the environmental parts corresponding to the rear spoiler on the vehicle body, and install the vehicle body on the vibration test bench;

[0039] Step 3, performing a vibration fatigue test on the vehicle body with the rear spoiler installed according to pre-set test parameters; the test parameters include environmental parameters and vibration parameters, the environmental parameters include temperature parameters and humidity parameters of the environmental chamber, and the temperature parameters and humidity parameters are set in a step-by-step manner; the vibration parameters include the vibration frequency, acceleration power spectrum density and test time t of the vibration test bench;

[0040] Step 4: Evaluate the performance of the rear spoiler.

[0041] When the rear spoiler is installed on the vehicle body, in order to be consistent with the assembly state of the actual vehicle, it is necessary to install the environmental parts corresponding to the rear spoiler on the vehicle body, such as the rear windshield, the rear cover sheet metal, the side panels and other parts that match and contact the rear spoiler. After the vehicle body is installed on the vibration test bench, the vehicle body can be subjected to a vibration fatigue test. After the test, the performance of the rear spoiler is evaluated to determine whether the vibration fatigue performance of the rear spoiler is qualified. Preferably, the test time t is set to one of 150 to 250 hours. For example, the test time t can be set to 150 hours, 160 hours, 170 hours, 180 hours, 190 hours, 200 hours, 210 hours, 220 hours, 230 hours, 240 hours, 250 hours, etc.

[0042] The step-by-step setting of the temperature parameters and humidity parameters includes that the pre-set minimum and maximum temperatures of the environmental chamber can be directly alternating, or can be heated or cooled in steps, and the minimum and maximum humidity of the environmental chamber can be directly alternating, or can be increased or decreased in steps. The temperature and humidity of the environmental chamber change in a step-by-step manner as a whole, so that the environmental changes simulated by the environmental chamber are more severe than the actual vehicle test environment of the rear spoiler, which can strengthen the test environment and quickly verify the cyclic load conditions under climate changes, which can not only meet the quality of parts and the requirements of the whole vehicle, but also shorten the reliability evaluation time and save test costs. The vibration parameters use random vibration, which can better simulate the actual vehicle driving conditions.

[0043] In one embodiment, the temperature parameters include T1 and T2, where temperature T1 and temperature T2 are respectively the highest temperature and the lowest temperature set in the environmental chamber, and temperature T1 is set to 70°C~85°C, for example, temperature T1 can be set to 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, etc., to simulate the working condition of the rear spoiler exposed to the sun for a long time in a high temperature environment; temperature T2 is set to -45°C~-35°C, for example, temperature T2 can be set to -45°C, -40°C, -35°C, etc., to simulate the working condition of the rear spoiler in a low temperature environment. The holding time of temperature T1 and T2 is set to 1%t~3.5%t, for example, the holding time of temperature T1 and T2 can be set to 1%t, 1.5%t, 2%t, 2.5%t, 3%t, 3.5%t, etc. The humidity parameters include a first humidity and a second humidity, the first humidity and the second humidity are respectively the maximum humidity and the minimum humidity set for the environmental chamber, the first humidity is set to 60%RH~90%RH, for example, the first humidity can be set to 60%RH, 65%RH, 70%RH, 75%RH, 80%RH, 85%RH, 90%RH, etc., to simulate the working condition of the rear spoiler in a high humidity environment; the second humidity is set to 0%RH~10%RH, for example, the second humidity can be set to 0%RH, 1%RH, 2%RH, 3%RH, 4%RH, 5%RH, 6%RH, 7%RH, 8%RH, 9%RH, 10%RH, etc., to simulate the working condition of the rear spoiler in a dry environment.

[0044] In one embodiment, the temperature and humidity of the environmental chamber can be set to different control modes in different test time periods. When the test time is between 0 and t1, the temperature parameter also includes T0, and the temperature T0 is set to 20°C to 28°C. For example, the temperature T0 can be set to 20°C, 21°C, 22°C, 23°C, 24°C, 25°C, 26°C, 27°C, 28°C, etc. The temperature T0 can be set to the room temperature of the environmental chamber. The temperature of the environmental chamber is set as T0→T1→T0→T2→T0, and the humidity parameter is set to the first humidity, which can simulate the working conditions of the rear spoiler in most climate environments; when the test time is between t1 and t, the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 are set alternately, when the temperature parameter is set to T1, the humidity parameter is set to the first humidity, and when the temperature parameter is set to T2, the humidity parameter is set to the second humidity, so that the load of the environmental chamber alternates between high temperature and high humidity and low temperature and dry environment, which can further increase the severity of the environmental change of the environmental chamber and verify the cyclic load conditions under rapid changes in extreme climates, which not only meets the quality of parts and the requirements of the whole vehicle, but also shortens the reliability evaluation time and saves test costs. Preferably, t1 is set to 40%t~50%t. For example, t1 can be set to 40%t, 41%t, 42%t, 43%t, 44%t, 45%t, 46%t, 47%t, 48%t, 49%t, 50%t, etc., to increase the test time of alternating changes between the environmental chamber temperature T1 and the temperature T2, thereby improving the reliability of the rear spoiler.

[0045] In one embodiment, when the test time is between 0 and t1, the temperature parameters also include T3, T4, T5 and T6, and the temperature increases and decreases in sequence. Temperature T3 is set to 30°C to 45°C, temperature T4 is set to -10°C to 0°C, and the holding time of temperature T3 and T4 is set to 4%t to 6%t; temperature T5 is set to 55°C to 65°C, temperature T6 is set to -30°C to -20°C, and the holding time of temperature T5 and T6 is set to 1%t to 3.5%t; the holding time of temperature T0 between temperature T1 and temperature T2 is set to 7%t to 9%t. For example, temperature T3 can be set to 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, etc., temperature T4 can be set to -10°C, -5°C, 0°C, etc., the holding time of temperatures T3 and T4 can be set to 4%t, 4.5%t, 5%t, 5.5%t, 6%t, etc., temperature T5 can be set to 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, temperature T6 can be set to -30°C, -25°C, -20°C, etc., the holding time of temperatures T5 and T6 can be set to 1%t, 1.5%t, 2%t, 2.5%t, 3%t, 3.5%t, etc.; the holding time of temperature T0 between temperature T1 and temperature T2 can be set to 7%t, 7.5%t, 8%t, 8.5%t, 9%t, etc.

[0046] When the test time is between 0 and t1, the temperature of the environmental chamber increases and decreases in sequence. Specifically, the temperature of the environmental chamber is T0 at the beginning of the test. At this time, the temperature of the environmental chamber has not yet increased to T1. The temperature of the environmental chamber increases directly from temperature T0 to temperature T3, and then increases in steps according to T3→T5→T1, and then decreases in steps according to T1→T5→T3→T0→T4→T6→T2, and then increases in steps according to T2→T6→T4→T0. Temperature T0, which is between temperature T1 and temperature T2, is maintained for a certain period of time to form a relatively gentle step.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the test time t is set to 200 hours, and the method of setting the temperature parameters and humidity parameters includes: when the test time is between 0 and 100 hours, the temperature is set in a step-by-step manner of 40℃→60℃→80℃→60℃→40℃→20℃→0℃→-20℃→-40℃→-20℃→0℃→20℃, wherein the holding time of the temperature of 40℃ and 0℃ is set to 10 hours, the holding time of the temperature of 60℃, 80℃, -20℃ and -40℃ is set to 5 hours, and the holding time of the temperature of 20℃ is set to 15 hours; the humidity is set to 0%RH. When the test time is between 100 hours and 200 hours, the temperature is set alternately from 80℃ to -40℃, and the holding time is set to 5 hours; when the temperature is 80℃, the humidity is set to 80%RH, and when the temperature is -40℃, the humidity is set to 0%RH.

[0048] In one embodiment, the method for setting vibration parameters includes setting the vibration frequency and corresponding acceleration power spectrum density of the vibration test bench according to the acceleration power spectrum density-frequency curve. The acceleration power spectrum density (abbreviated as power spectrum density, acceleration spectrum density)-frequency curve can be obtained by fitting the vibration frequency and power spectrum density collected during the existing vehicle enhanced road test. During the test, the power spectrum density-frequency curve is pre-input into the vibration test bench, and the vibration test bench randomly selects the frequency and the power spectrum density corresponding to the selected frequency according to the power spectrum density-frequency curve for testing, so that the movement process of the rear spoiler through the test bench is consistent with the movement process of the vehicle enhanced road test, so as to simulate the randomness of vibration during the vehicle enhanced road test.

[0049] The power spectrum density and frequency collected during the vehicle enhanced road test are shown in Table 1. According to the data in Table 1, the acceleration power spectrum density-frequency curve can be fitted, as shown in Figure 2 During the test, the vibration test bench performs random vibration according to the acceleration power spectrum density-frequency curve.

[0050] Table 1 Power spectral density and frequency values ​​of vehicle enhanced road test

[0051]

[0052] Preferably, the vehicle body is configured as a rear half vehicle body. In this way, the entire vehicle body can be divided into a front half and a rear half. The front half vehicle body can be used for other tests, and the rear half vehicle body is used for the environmental reliability test of the rear spoiler. There is no need to provide a complete vehicle, which can save test resources, and provide a vehicle body more conveniently and quickly. Moreover, the installation of parts is flexible, and the test cycle can be shortened from 8 weeks to 2 weeks, and the cost is reduced from 300,000 yuan to about 40,000 yuan. The test cost is low and the cycle is short. Accordingly, the vibration test bench can be configured as a uniaxial vibration test bench to perform a vibration fatigue test in the Z direction. When the vehicle body is installed on the vibration test bench, the center of gravity of the rear half vehicle body is consistent with the center of gravity of the uniaxial vibration test bench. The uniaxial vibration test bench has a simple structure, occupies a small area, and saves space. The environmental chamber can use a climate box to save test space.

[0053] After the test, the vibration fatigue performance of the rear spoiler needs to be evaluated. For example, the appearance of the rear spoiler, the torque of the mounting bolts, the gap between the rear spoiler and the environmental parts, and other performance evaluations need to be carried out. If any unqualified items are found, the unqualified items can be analyzed to provide targeted guidance on the improvement plan of the rear spoiler.

[0054] Specifically, the method for evaluating the torque performance of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler includes:

[0055] Before the test, the initial torque M1 of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is tested. After the test, the residual torque M2 of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is tested. If the residual torque percentage X of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, the mounting bolt torque of the rear spoiler is qualified, where: Preferably, the torque threshold is set to one of 45% to 60%. For example, the torque threshold can be set to 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, etc.

[0056] Specifically, the method for evaluating the clearance performance of the rear spoiler includes:

[0057] Before the test, the gap L1 between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is tested. After the test, the gap L2 between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is tested. If the absolute value of the change in the gap δL between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is less than or equal to the gap threshold, the gap between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is qualified, where δL=L2-L1. Preferably, the gap threshold is set to one of 0.2~0.5mm. For example, the gap threshold can be set to 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, etc.

[0058] The torque of the mounting bolts can be measured using tools such as a torque calibrator and a digital wrench, and the gap can be measured using tools such as a feeler gauge. For example, the rear spoiler of a certain model includes a main spoiler and a side spoiler. The torque measurement of the 5 mounting bolts of the main spoiler is shown in Table 2, and the gap measurement of the side spoiler is shown in Table 3.

[0059] Table 2 Torque of main spoiler mounting bolts

[0060]

[0061] The torque threshold is set to 50%. It can be seen from Table 2 that after the test, the residual torque percentages of the five mounting bolts are all greater than 50%, and the torques of the five mounting bolts are all qualified.

[0062] Table 3 Clearance between side spoiler and environmental parts

[0063]

[0064] In Table 3, points 1-4 are the gaps between the side spoiler and the upper side panel, point 5 is the gap between the side spoiler and the main spoiler, points 6-9 are the gaps between the side spoiler and the rear windshield, and points 10-14 are the gaps between the side spoiler and the lower side panel. The gap threshold is set to 0.3 mm. It can be seen from Table 3 that the gap changes between the side spoiler and the environmental parts at the 5th and 8th points are greater than 0.3 mm, and it is necessary to improve the assembly gaps between the side spoiler and the main spoiler, and the assembly gaps between the side spoiler and the rear windshield.

[0065] The method for evaluating the performance of the rear spoiler also includes: after the test, visually inspect whether the rear spoiler buckles are loose, whether the bonding parts are debonded, whether the rear spoiler is broken, and other defects.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Set the vibration test bench in the environmental chamber; Step 2: Install the rear spoiler and the environmental parts corresponding to the rear spoiler on the vehicle body, and install the vehicle body on the vibration test bench; Step 3, performing a vibration fatigue test on the vehicle body with the rear spoiler installed according to pre-set test parameters; the test parameters include environmental parameters and vibration parameters, the environmental parameters include temperature parameters and humidity parameters of the environmental chamber, and the temperature parameters and humidity parameters are set in a step-by-step manner; the vibration parameters include the vibration frequency, acceleration power spectrum density and test time t of the vibration test bench; Step 4: Evaluate the performance of the rear spoiler.

2. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature parameters include T1 and T2, temperature T1 is set to 70°C~85°C, temperature T2 is set to -45°C~-35°C, and the holding time of temperature T1 and T2 is set to 1%t~3.5%t; the humidity parameters include a first humidity and a second humidity, the first humidity is set to 60%RH~90%RH, and the second humidity is set to 0%RH~10%RH.

3. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the test time is between 0 and t1, the temperature parameter also includes T0, the temperature is set according to T0→T1→T0→T2→T0, and the humidity parameter is set to the first humidity; When the test time is between t1 and t2, the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 are set alternately. When the temperature parameter is set to T1, the humidity parameter is set to the first humidity. When the temperature parameter is set to T2, the humidity parameter is set to the second humidity. The temperature T0 is set to 20°C~28°C, and t1 is set to 40%t~50%t.

4. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the test time is between 0~t1, the temperature parameters also include T3, T4, T5 and T6, and the temperatures increase and decrease in sequence; temperature T3 is set to 30℃~45℃, temperature T4 is set to -10℃~0℃, and the holding time of temperatures T3 and T4 is set to 4%t~6%t; temperature T5 is set to 55℃~65℃, temperature T6 is set to -30℃~-20℃, and the holding time of temperatures T5 and T6 is set to 1%t~3.5%t; the holding time of temperature T0 between temperature T1 and temperature T2 is set to 7%t~9%t.

5. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The method for setting temperature parameters and humidity parameters includes: when the test time is between 0 and 50%t, the temperature is set in a step-by-step manner of 40℃→60℃→80℃→60℃→40℃→20℃→0℃→-20℃→-40℃→-20℃→0℃→20℃, wherein the holding time of 40℃ and 0℃ is set to 5%t, the holding time of 60℃, 80℃, -20℃ and -40℃ is set to 2.5%t, and the holding time of 20℃ is set to 7.5%t; the humidity is set to 0%RH; When the test time is between 50%t~t, the temperature is set alternately from 80℃→-40℃, and the holding time is set to 2.5%t; when the temperature is 80℃, the humidity is set to 80%RH, and when the temperature is -40℃, the humidity is set to 0%RH.

6. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for setting the vibration parameters includes setting the vibration frequency and the corresponding acceleration power spectrum density of the vibration test bench according to the acceleration power spectrum density-frequency curve.

7. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test time t is set to be between 150 and 250 hours.

8. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle body is configured as a rear half vehicle body.

9. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vibration test bench is configured as a uniaxial vibration test bench; when the vehicle body is mounted on the vibration test bench, the center of gravity of the rear half of the vehicle body is consistent with the center of gravity of the uniaxial vibration test bench.

10. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The environmental chamber includes a climate box.

11. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methods for evaluating the performance of the rear spoiler include: Before the test, the initial torque M1 of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is tested. After the test, the residual torque M2 of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is tested. If the residual torque percentage X of the mounting bolts of the rear spoiler is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, the mounting bolt torque of the rear spoiler is qualified, where: ; Preferably, the torque threshold is set to one of 45%~60%.

12. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for evaluating the performance of the rear spoiler also includes: Before the test, the gap L1 between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is tested, and after the test, the gap L2 between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is tested. If the absolute value of the change in the gap δL between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is less than or equal to the gap threshold, the gap between the rear spoiler and the environmental part is qualified, wherein δL=L2-L1; preferably, the gap threshold is set to one of 0.2~0.5mm.

13. The test method for evaluating the environmental reliability of a rear spoiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for evaluating the performance of the rear spoiler also includes: after the test, visually inspecting whether the rear spoiler buckles are loose, whether the bonding parts are debonded, and whether the rear spoiler is broken.

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