A soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, and discloses a soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management, which includes a vehicle body, a vertical guide frame, a lifting slide plate, a control motor, a connecting rod, a transmission shaft, a transmission gear, a top plate, a lining plate, an inner guide plate, a bottom plate, a placement frame, etc.; a vertical guide frame is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, there are two vertical guide frames, a guide groove is opened on the inner side surface of the vertical guide frame, a lifting slide plate is slidably connected in the vertical guide frame, a through hole capable of placing a clamping rod is opened on the outer side of the vertical guide frame, and depth marks are engraved at each through hole on the outer side of the vertical guide frame. This device integrates the functions of digging a pit and sampling. When digging a pit, the soil dug out by the spiral drill rod is conveyed upward by the soil discharge spiral blade, so that the large sampling frame composed of the top plate, the lining plate, the placement frame, the inner guide plate and the bottom plate enters the pit dug out by the spiral drill rod. Subsequently, continuous sampling is carried out on the pit wall through the sampling mechanism, realizing the integrated function of digging a pit and sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, and in particular to a soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing attention of people to soil conditions, for poor soil conditions, soil improvement is of utmost importance. It mainly uses certain theoretical knowledge and scientific and technological means to eliminate or prevent adverse factors that affect crop growth and cause soil degradation, improve soil properties, and increase soil fertility. During the soil improvement process, it is necessary to sample the target soil through a sampling device.

[0003] The patent of CN217819457U discloses a soil sampling device, including a moving support. A threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the moving support. A screw rod is in threaded fit with the threaded sleeve. A rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve. The rotating cylinder is slidably connected to the screw rod. A cover plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw rod. A sampling drill cylinder is clamped and equipped outside the cover plate. A connecting ring is arranged in the sampling drill cylinder. The connecting ring is connected to the cover plate through a plurality of connecting plates. And a plurality of baffle plates are rotatably connected to the connecting ring. The technical solution of this application drives the rotating cylinder to rotate through a motor. The slider and the chute cooperate to drive the screw rod to rotate. The screw rod and the threaded sleeve cooperate to drive the sampling drill cylinder to rotate for soil sampling. The baffle plate and the connecting ring cooperate to stably place the drilled soil in the sampling drill cylinder to prevent it from falling. The structure is compact and convenient for popularization and use. Although the above device can quickly carry out soil sampling work and can take out the soil completely after sampling, the detection results of samples at different depths are different. The above device cannot distinguish the samples in detail according to the sampling depth, and the detection results are not accurate enough. Moreover, during the sampling process of the above device, after each sampling is completed, the equipment needs to be pulled out of the soil, and then the sample is taken out before subsequent sampling can be carried out, and the sampling efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management to solve the technical problems that existing equipment is difficult to distinguish samples according to depth and cannot continuously and quickly sample.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management, comprising a vehicle body, a vertical guide frame, a lifting slide plate, a control motor, a connecting rod, a transmission shaft, a transmission gear, a top plate, a lining plate, an inner guide plate, a bottom plate, a placement frame, an earth-digging mechanism and a sampling mechanism. A vertical guide frame is fixedly connected to the vehicle body. A lifting slide plate is slidably connected inside the vertical guide frame. A through hole capable of placing a clamping rod is opened on the outer side of the vertical guide frame. Inserting the clamping rod into the through hole inside the vertical guide frame can support the lifting slide plate. A control motor is installed on the lifting slide plate. A connecting rod is fixedly connected inside the lifting slide plate. A transmission shaft is rotatably connected inside the connecting rod. The output shaft of the control motor is connected to the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the top plate. The top plate, the placement frame, the lining plate, the inner guide plate and the bottom plate together form a large sampling frame. A placement frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate. The bottom of the placement frame is fixedly connected to the lining plate. The lining plate, the inner guide plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected by an arc-shaped outer plate. The earth-digging mechanism is used for digging soil downward along the ground, and the sampling mechanism is used for collecting test samples from the dug pit wall.

[0006] Preferably, the earth-digging mechanism includes an earth-digging gear, a spiral drill rod and a soil discharging component. A spiral drill rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner guide plate. An earth-digging gear is fixedly connected to the top of the spiral drill rod. The soil discharging component is installed inside the large sampling frame and is used for upwardly conveying the soil loosened by the spiral drill rod.

[0007] Preferably, the soil discharging component includes a soil discharging gear, a soil discharging spiral blade, a soil discharging cylinder and a rotating gear. Soil discharging cylinders are fixedly connected to both the inner guide plate and the bottom plate. A soil discharging spiral blade is rotatably connected inside the soil discharging cylinder. A soil discharging gear is rotatably connected to the top of the soil discharging spiral blade. The soil discharging gear meshes with the transmission gear. A rotating gear is rotatably connected to the top of the soil discharging cylinder on the bottom plate. The soil discharging spiral blade is fixedly connected to the rotating gear. The rotating gear meshes with the earth-digging gear.

[0008] Preferably, the sampling mechanism includes a guide plate, a soil sampling frame, a connecting shaft, a transmission cam group, a rotating connecting rod, a sliding block and a transmission connection component. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the top of the inner guide plate. A sliding block is slidably connected inside the guide plate. The soil sampling frame is stored in the placement frame, and the rear side of the soil sampling frame cooperates with the sliding block. A connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the lining plate. A transmission cam group is rotatably connected to the inner guide plate. A rotating connecting rod is rotatably connected at an eccentric position inside the transmission cam group. The other end of the rotating connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sliding block. The transmission connection component is installed inside the top plate and the lining plate and is used for connecting the transmission shaft and the connecting shaft together.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission connection assembly includes a spline shaft, a lifting frame, a connecting sleeve, a guide cylinder, a guide rod, a support spring and a limiting assembly. The bottom of the transmission gear is fixedly connected with the spline shaft. The lifting frame is slidably connected inside the top plate. The bottom of the lifting frame is rotatably connected with the connecting sleeve. The connecting sleeve is slidably connected outside the spline shaft. The guide cylinder is installed on the top of the top plate. The sliding rod in the guide cylinder is connected with the lifting frame. The guide rod is installed on the top of the inner lining plate. The lifting frame is slidably connected with the guide rod. A support spring is arranged between the lifting frame and the inner lining plate. The limiting assembly is installed in the guide rod and is used to limit the position of the lifting frame.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes a rotating shaft, a rotating torsion spring, a wedge block, a connecting spring, a moving pull block, a connecting pull rod and an unlocking assembly. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the guide rod. The bottom of the rotating shaft passes through the guide rod. The rotating shaft and the guide rod are connected by the rotating torsion spring. The wedge block is slidably connected inside the guide rod. The moving pull block is slidably connected inside the wedge block. The top of the moving pull block is rotatably connected with the connecting pull rod. The other end of the connecting pull rod is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. A connecting spring is arranged between the wedge block and the moving pull block.

[0011] Preferably, the unlocking assembly includes an L-shaped rod, a rotating push rod and a pushing torsion spring. The L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block. The rotating push rod is rotatably connected to the L-shaped rod. A pushing torsion spring is arranged between the rotating push rod and the L-shaped rod.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a soil storage frame, a sliding support plate, a reset spring, a fixed wedge block, a fixed concave frame, a wedge-shaped lifting block, a cylindrical rod and a supporting spring. The soil storage frame is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The top of the soil storage frame is fixedly connected to the inner guide plate. The sliding support plate is slidably connected inside the inner guide plate. A reset spring is arranged between the sliding support plate and the inner guide plate. The fixed wedge block is fixedly connected inside the inner guide plate. The fixed concave frame is installed inside the sliding support plate. The wedge-shaped lifting block is slidably connected inside the fixed concave frame. A supporting spring is arranged between the wedge-shaped lifting block and the fixed concave frame. Cylindrical rods are fixedly connected to both ends of the wedge-shaped lifting block.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a top support rod, and the top support rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes a sliding baffle and a material retaining spring. The sliding baffle is slidably connected to the bottom of the bottom plate. The sliding baffle and the bottom plate are connected by the material retaining spring.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The device integrates the functions of digging holes and sampling. When digging a hole, the soil dug out by the screw drill rod is conveyed upward by the soil discharging screw blade, so that the large sampling frame composed of the top plate, the inner lining plate, the placing frame, the inner guide plate and the bottom plate enters the hole dug by the screw drill rod. Subsequently, the sampling mechanism samples on the hole wall, realizing the integrated function of digging holes and sampling.

[0016] 2. During the sampling process, three soil sampling frames on the same layer collect soil samples to be tested at the same height simultaneously. During the sampling process, the height of the lifting frame is restricted by the limit component, and after sampling, the restriction on the lifting frame is automatically released by the unlocking component. After sampling, the connecting sleeve rises and resets to automatically release the connection between the connecting shaft and the spline shaft. After each sampling, sampling can continue at a deeper depth to ensure the sampling efficiency.

[0017] 3. During the sampling process, the sliding support plate provides support for the soil sampling frame. After sampling, the sliding support plate slides into the inner guide plate. At this time, the sliding support plate no longer provides support for the soil sampling frame, and the soil sampling frame can then fall downward into the soil storage frame. After sampling, the sliding baffle at the bottom of the soil storage frame is pulled open, and the sampling depths of the soil sampling frames in the soil storage frame decrease sequentially from top to bottom.

[0018] 4. During the sampling process, the lifting slide plate is blocked by the clamping rod, and the clamping rods outside the vertical guide frame are evenly spaced during the sampling process. Each time sampling is carried out, the lifting slide plate is restricted by the clamping rod to prevent the auger from contacting the soil and continuing to dig downward, avoiding changes in the height of the soil sampling frame during sampling and affecting the sampling results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the whole invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the top plate, inner lining plate, inner guide plate and bottom plate of the invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the auger of the invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the soil discharge cylinder of the invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the connecting rod of the invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the components between the top plate, inner lining plate, inner guide plate and bottom plate of the invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the inner guide plate of the invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding block of the invention.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the guide rod of the invention.

[0028] Figure 10 It is an exploded view of the structure of the wedge block of the invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the L-shaped rod of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding support plate of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed concave frame of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic structural diagram under the bottom plate of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1, vehicle body; 101, vertical guide frame; 102, lifting slide plate; 103, control motor; 104, connecting rod; 1041, transmission shaft; 105, transmission gear; 1051, spline shaft; 106, soil discharging gear; 107, soil discharging spiral blade; 1071, soil discharging cylinder; 108, rotating gear; 109, soil excavating gear; 110, screw drill rod; 2, top plate; 201, inner lining plate; 202, inner guide plate; 203, bottom plate; 204, placing frame; 205, soil storage frame; 3, guide plate; 301, soil sampling frame; 302, connecting shaft; 303, transmission cam group; 304, rotating connecting rod; 305, sliding block; 3051, top support rod; 3052, L-shaped rod; 3053, rotating push rod; 3054, pushing torsion spring; 4, lifting frame; 4001, connecting sleeve; 401, guide cylinder; 402, guide rod; 403, support spring; 404, rotating shaft; 405, rotating torsion spring; 406, wedge block; 4061, connecting spring; 407, moving pull block; 408, connecting pull rod; 5, sliding support plate; 501, reset spring; 502, fixed wedge block; 503, fixed concave frame; 504, wedge-shaped lifting block; 5041, cylindrical rod; 505, supporting spring; 6, sliding baffle; 601, material blocking spring. Specific embodiments

[0034] The following are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly.

[0035] Embodiment 1: A soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management, as Figures 1 - 14As shown in the figure, it includes a vehicle body 1, a vertical guide frame 101, a lifting slide plate 102, a control motor 103, a connecting rod 104, a transmission shaft 1041, a transmission gear 105, a top plate 2, an inner lining plate 201, an inner guide plate 202, a bottom plate 203, a placement frame 204, an earth excavation mechanism and a sampling mechanism. A vertical guide frame 101 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1. There are two vertical guide frames 101. A guide groove is provided on the inner side surface of the vertical guide frame 101. A lifting slide plate 102 is slidably connected inside the vertical guide frame 101. A through hole for placing a clamping rod is provided on the outer side of the vertical guide frame 101, and a depth mark is engraved at each through hole outside the vertical guide frame 101 to extract soil samples at different depths. Inserting the clamping rod into the through hole inside the vertical guide frame 101 can support the lifting slide plate 102 to limit the height of the lifting slide plate 102. A control motor 103 is installed on the lifting slide plate 102. A connecting rod 104 is fixedly connected inside the lifting slide plate 102. A transmission shaft 1041 is rotatably connected inside the connecting rod 104. The output shaft of the control motor 103 is connected to the transmission shaft 1041. The control motor 103 can drive the transmission shaft 1041 to rotate. The transmission shaft 1041 is rotatably connected to the top plate 2. The top plate 2, the placement frame 204, the inner lining plate 201, the inner guide plate 202 and the bottom plate 203 together form a large sampling frame. The placement frame 204 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 2. The bottom of the placement frame 204 is fixedly connected to the inner lining plate 201. The inner lining plate 201, the inner guide plate 202 and the bottom plate 203 are fixedly connected by an arc-shaped outer plate. The earth excavation mechanism is used for excavating the soil downward along the ground, and the sampling mechanism is used for collecting test samples from the dug pit wall.

[0036] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown in the figure, the earth excavation mechanism includes an earth excavation gear 109, a spiral drill rod 110 and a soil discharge assembly. The spiral drill rod 110 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner guide plate 202. The spiral drill rod 110 rotates and digs a pit downward along the ground. The earth excavation gear 109 is fixedly connected to the top of the spiral drill rod 110. The soil discharge assembly is installed inside the large sampling frame. The soil discharge assembly is used for conveying upward the soil loosened by the spiral drill rod 110.

[0037] As Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the soil discharging assembly includes a soil discharging gear 106, a soil discharging spiral blade 107, a soil discharging cylinder 1071 and a rotating gear 108. Soil discharging cylinders 1071 are fixedly connected to both the inner guide plate 202 and the bottom plate 203. A soil discharging spiral blade 107 is rotatably connected inside the soil discharging cylinder 1071. A soil discharging gear 106 is rotatably connected to the top of the soil discharging spiral blade 107. The soil discharging gear 106 meshes with the transmission gear 105. When the control motor 103 rotates forward, the soil discharging gear 106 and the soil discharging spiral blade 107 are driven to rotate by the transmission shaft 1041 and the transmission gear 105. A rotating gear 108 is rotatably connected to the top of the soil discharging cylinder 1071 on the bottom plate 203. The soil discharging spiral blade 107 is fixedly connected to the rotating gear 108. The rotating gear 108 meshes with the soil excavating gear 109. The soil discharging spiral blade 107 drives the soil excavating gear 109 and the auger 110 to rotate through the rotating gear 108.

[0038] During sampling, the sampler pushes the vehicle body 1 to the sampling location. Subsequently, after pulling out the clamping rod supporting the lifting slide plate 102, the control motor 103 is started, and the control motor 103 rotates forward. The control motor 103 drives the transmission shaft 1041 and the transmission gear 105 to rotate. When the transmission gear 105 rotates, it can drive the soil discharge spiral blade 107 to rotate through the soil discharge gear 106. The rotating gear 108 rotates accordingly. When the rotating gear 108 rotates, it drives the auger 110 to rotate through the soil excavation gear 109. During the rotation of the auger 110, it gradually digs downward along the ground. And during the soil excavation process, the blades outside the auger 110 can send the excavated soil outward. When the bottom plate 203 descends to the height flush with the ground, as the auger 110 continues to rotate downward to excavate soil, the lifting slide plate 102 can continue to slide downward along the vertical guide frame 101. When the bottom plate 203 descends below the ground, the soil on the auger 110 will contact the soil discharge spiral blade 107. And as the soil discharge spiral blade 107 continues to rotate, the soil discharge spiral blade 107 conveys the soil on the auger 110 upward. The soil on the soil discharge spiral blade 107 will be discharged upward along the soil discharge cylinder 1071 to the top of the top plate 2, so that the large sampling frame composed of the top plate 2, the inner lining plate 201, the inner guide plate 202, the bottom plate 203, etc. can enter the pit excavated by the auger 110. When the lifting slide plate 102 descends to the sampling depth, the clamping rod at the corresponding height can limit the lifting slide plate 102 to prevent the lifting slide plate 102 from continuing to descend. At this time, the auger 110 is also restricted from descending. At this time, soil samples are extracted from the inner wall of the soil pit through the sampling mechanism. After sampling is completed, the clamping rod at the corresponding height is pulled out. At this time, under the action of the auger 110, the sampling mechanism can continue to descend. When reaching the next sampling depth, the clamping rod at the corresponding height still restricts the height of the large sampling frame through the lifting slide plate 102. Subsequently, sampling is continuously carried out at the corresponding sampling depths in turn. When enough samples are extracted, the control motor 103 is rotated in the reverse direction. The sampler manually pushes the lifting slide plate 102 to rise and reset along the vertical guide frame 101. During the rising process, the soil discharge spiral blade 107 continuously sends the soil on the top plate 2 downward back into the soil pit. When the equipment is completely taken out of the soil pit, the sampling is completed.

[0039] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figures 5 - 11As shown, the sampling mechanism includes a guide plate 3, a soil sampling frame 301, a connecting shaft 302, a transmission cam group 303, a rotating connecting rod 304, a sliding block 305 and a transmission connection assembly. The guide plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner guide plate 202, and the sliding block 305 is slidably connected in the guide plate 3. The soil sampling frame 301 is stored in the placement frame 204, and the rear side of the soil sampling frame 301 cooperates with the sliding block 305. The top of the inner lining plate 201 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 302, the inner guide plate 202 is rotatably connected to the transmission cam group 303, and the eccentric position of the transmission cam group 303 is rotatably connected to the rotating connecting rod 304, and the other end of the rotating connecting rod 304 is rotatably connected to the sliding block 305. The transmission connection assembly is installed in the top plate 2 and the inner lining plate 201, and the transmission connection assembly is used to connect the transmission shaft 1041 and the connecting shaft 302 together.

[0040] When the lifting slide 102 descends to the sampling depth, the connecting shaft 302 is connected to the transmission gear 105 through the transmission connection assembly, and the transmission gear 105 can drive the transmission cam group 303 to rotate through the connecting shaft 302. When the transmission cam group 303 rotates, it can push the sliding block 305 to slide outward along the guide plate 3 by rotating the connecting rod 304, and the soil frame 301 moves outward accordingly. Under the action of the driving cam group 303, the sliding block 305 and the soil sampling frame 301 are completely pushed out from the large sampling frame by rotating the connecting rod 304. At this time, the soil sampling frame 301 is filled with sample soil. As the driving cam group 303 continues to rotate, the driving cam group 303 drives the sliding block 305 to slide and reset along the guide plate 3 by rotating the connecting rod 304. The soil sampling frame 301 is reset accordingly and the sample soil is taken back, thereby realizing the function of automatic sampling.

[0041] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figures 8 - 11As shown in the figure, the transmission connection assembly includes a spline shaft 1051, a lifting frame 4, a connecting sleeve 4001, a guide cylinder 401, a guide rod 402, a support spring 403, and a limiting assembly. A spline shaft 1051 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission gear 105. The bottom surface of the spline shaft 1051 contacts the top surface of the connecting shaft 302. A lifting frame 4 is slidably connected inside the top plate 2. The bottom of the lifting frame 4 is rotatably connected to a connecting sleeve 4001. The connecting sleeve 4001 is slidably connected outside the spline shaft 1051. A guide cylinder 401 is installed on the top of the top plate 2. The sliding rod inside the guide cylinder 401 is connected to the lifting frame 4. A guide rod 402 is installed on the top of the inner lining plate 201. The lifting frame 4 is slidably connected to the guide rod 402. A support spring 403 is provided between the lifting frame 4 and the inner lining plate 201. The support spring 403 is sleeved outside the guide rod 402. One end of the support spring 403 is fixed on the lifting frame 4, and the other end is fixed on the top of the inner lining plate 201. The limiting assembly is installed inside the guide rod 402 and is used to limit the position of the lifting frame 4.

[0042] When the lifting slide plate 102 descends to the sampling depth, manually push the lifting frame 4 to descend along the guide rod 402 and compress the support spring 403. During the descent of the lifting frame 4, the connecting sleeve 4001 is driven to descend. When the connecting sleeve 4001 descends, it can be sleeved outside the connecting shaft 302. At this time, the spline shaft 1051 and the connecting shaft 302 are connected through the connecting sleeve 4001. When the transmission gear 105 rotates, the spline shaft 1051 drives the connecting sleeve 4001 and the connecting shaft 302 to rotate. During the descent of the lifting frame 4, it is restricted by the limiting assembly to prevent the lifting frame 4 from being pushed upward and reset by the support spring 403 during the sampling process.

[0043] As Figures 9 - 11 shown in the figure, the limiting assembly includes a rotating shaft 404, a rotating torsion spring 405, a wedge block 406, a connecting spring 4061, a moving pull block 407, a connecting pull rod 408, and an unlocking assembly. A rotating shaft 404 is rotatably connected inside the guide rod 402. The bottom of the rotating shaft 404 passes through the guide rod 402. The rotating shaft 404 and the guide rod 402 are connected through a rotating torsion spring 405. A wedge block 406 is slidably connected inside the guide rod 402. The side of the wedge block 406 facing the lifting frame 4 is an inclined surface. A moving pull block 407 is slidably connected inside the wedge block 406. The top of the moving pull block 407 is rotatably connected to a connecting pull rod 408. The other end of the connecting pull rod 408 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 404. A connecting spring 4061 is provided between the wedge block 406 and the moving pull block 407. One end of the connecting spring 4061 is fixed on the wedge block 406, and the other end is fixed on the moving pull block 407.

[0044] As Figure 8 and Figure 11As shown in the figure, the unlocking assembly includes an L-shaped rod 3052, a rotating push rod 3053, and a pushing torsion spring 3054. An L-shaped rod 3052 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 305. A rotating push rod 3053 is rotatably connected to the L-shaped rod 3052. A pushing torsion spring 3054 is provided between the rotating push rod 3053 and the L-shaped rod 3052.

[0045] During the downward movement of the lifting frame 4, it will contact the wedge block 406. The lifting frame 4 will push the wedge block 406 to slide along the guide rod 402. Since the rotating shaft 404 is restricted by the rotating torsion spring 405 and cannot rotate at this time, the connecting pull rod 408 on the rotating shaft 404 cannot rotate either, and the moving pull block 407 is restricted by the connecting pull rod 408 and will not move. When the wedge block 406 slides into the guide rod 402, it will compress the connecting spring 4061. When the lifting frame 4 is disengaged from the wedge block 406, under the push of the connecting spring 4061, the wedge block 406 slides outwards along the guide rod 402 to reset. At this time, the wedge block 406 presses on the lifting frame 4 to restrict its upward movement. During the sampling process, the connecting shaft 302 pushes the sliding block 305 to slide outwards along the guide plate 3 towards the outside of the large sampling frame through the transmission cam group 303 and the rotating connecting rod 304. The L-shaped rod 3052 and the rotating push rod 3053 on the sliding block 305 move and contact the rotating shaft 404. At this time, the rotating push rod 3053 will swing downwards. When the rotating push rod 3053 is disengaged from the rotating shaft 404, under the action of the pushing torsion spring 3054, the rotating push rod 3053 swings upwards to reset. After sampling, the connecting shaft 302 drives the sliding block 305 to slide inwards along the guide plate 3 towards the inside of the large sampling frame through the transmission cam group 303 and the rotating connecting rod 304 to reset. At this time, the L-shaped rod 3052 and the rotating push rod 3053 contact the lower end of the rotating shaft 404 again. When the rotating push rod 3053 continues to move, it can push the rotating shaft 404 to rotate and deform the rotating torsion spring 405. When the rotating shaft 404 rotates, it pulls the moving block to move towards the inside of the guide rod 402 through the connecting pull rod 408. The moving block pulls the wedge block 406 to slide towards the inside of the guide rod 402 through the connecting spring 4061, so that the wedge block 406 is disengaged from the lifting frame 4. At this time, the supporting spring 403 pushes the lifting frame 4 to slide upwards along the guide rod 402 to reset. When the rotating push rod 3053 is disengaged from the rotating shaft 404, the lifting frame 4 has risen above the wedge block 406. The rotating torsion spring 405 drives the rotating shaft 404 to rotate and reset. During the process of the rotating shaft 404 rotating and resetting, it will push the moving pull block 407, the connecting spring 4061, and the wedge block 406 to slide outwards along the guide rod 402 to reset through the connecting pull rod 408.

[0046] Embodiment 3: On the basis of Embodiment 2, as Figure 6 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown in the figure, it further includes a soil storage frame 205, a sliding support plate 5, a return spring 501, a fixed wedge block 502, a fixed concave frame 503, a wedge-shaped lifting block 504, a cylindrical rod 5041 and a supporting spring 505. A soil storage frame 205 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 203. The top of the soil storage frame 205 is fixedly connected to the inner guide plate 202. A sliding support plate 5 is slidably connected inside the inner guide plate 202. A return spring 501 is provided between the sliding support plate 5 and the inner guide plate 202. One end of the return spring 501 is fixed on the sliding support plate 5, and the other end is fixed inside the inner guide plate 202. A fixed wedge block 502 is fixedly connected inside the inner guide plate 202. A fixed concave frame 503 is installed inside the sliding support plate 5. A wedge-shaped lifting block 504 is slidably connected inside the fixed concave frame 503. A supporting spring 505 is provided between the wedge-shaped lifting block 504 and the fixed concave frame 503. One end of the supporting spring 505 is fixed on the wedge-shaped lifting block 504, and the other end is fixed inside the fixed concave frame 503. Cylindrical rods 5041 are fixedly connected to both ends of the wedge-shaped lifting block 504, and the positions of the cylindrical rods 5041 correspond to the fixed wedge block 502.

[0047] When the sliding block 305 slides along the guide plate 3 and pushes the soil sampling frame 301 to collect samples outward, when the sliding block 305 contacts the wedge-shaped lifting block 504, the wedge-shaped lifting block 504 is pushed to slide downward along the fixed concave frame 503 and compress the supporting spring 505. When the sliding block 305 disengages from the wedge-shaped lifting block 504, under the push of the supporting spring 505, the wedge-shaped lifting block 504 slides upward along the fixed concave frame 503 to reset. After sampling, the sliding block 305 slides along the guide plate 3 to reset. During the reset process of the sliding block 305, it contacts the vertical surface of the wedge-shaped lifting block 504. Subsequently, when the sliding block 305 continues to move and reset, it can drive the sliding support plate 5 to slide along the bottom plate 203 through the wedge-shaped lifting block 504 and the fixed concave frame 503. When the sliding block 305 moves and resets, the sliding support plate 5 no longer provides support for the soil sampling frame 301, and the soil sampling frame 301 slides downward along the sliding block 305 into the soil storage frame 205. And when the sliding block 305 moves and resets, the fixed wedge block 502 pushes the wedge-shaped lifting block 504 to descend along the fixed concave frame 503 and compress the supporting spring 505 through the cylindrical rod 5041. At this time, under the push of the return spring 501, the sliding support plate 5 and the devices thereon slide along the inner guide plate 202 to reset to the top of the soil storage frame 205. After the soil sampling frame 301 slides downward into the soil storage frame 205, the soil sampling frame 301 in the placement frame 204 slides downward into the slot at the front end of the sliding block 305. At this time, the sliding support plate 5 is just pushed by the return spring 501 to reset and is stuck at the bottom of the soil sampling frame 301 to provide support for the soil sampling frame 301.

[0048] As Figure 8 shown in the figure, it further includes a top support rod 3051. A top support rod 3051 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 305, and the top support rod 3051 is used to support the soil sampling frame 301 in the placement frame 204.

[0049] When the sliding block 305 slides along the guide plate 3 and pushes the soil sampling frame 301 to slide outwards for soil sampling, the top support rod 3051 moves to the bottom of the placement frame 204 along with the sliding block 305 to support the soil storage frame 205 in the placement frame 204. When the sliding block 305 slides back along the guide plate 3, the top support rod 3051 moves away from the bottom of the placement frame 204, and the soil storage frame 205 in the placement frame 204 slides downwards for the next sampling.

[0050] As Figure 14 shown, it further includes a sliding baffle 6 and a material retaining spring 601. The bottom of the bottom plate 203 is slidably connected with a sliding baffle 6. The sliding baffle 6 is located at the bottom of the soil storage frame 205. The sliding baffle 6 is used to support the soil sampling frame 301 stored in the soil storage frame 205. The sliding baffle 6 and the bottom plate 203 are connected by a material retaining spring 601. One end of the material retaining spring 601 is fixed on the sliding baffle 6, and the other end is fixed on the bottom plate 203.

[0051] After the soil sampling frame 301 falls into the soil storage frame 205, it will be supported by the sliding baffle 6. After the sampling is completed, the sliding baffle 6 is manually pulled open. At this time, the material retaining spring 601 is compressed, and the bottom outlet of the soil storage frame 205 is opened, so that the soil sampling frame 301 in the soil storage frame 205 can be taken out. After the collection is completed, the sliding baffle 6 is released, and the material retaining spring 601 can pull the sliding baffle 6 to move back to its original position and cover the bottom outlet of the soil storage frame 205 again.

[0052] The above has introduced this application in detail. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

Claims

1. A soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management, characterized in that: It includes a vehicle body (1), a vertical guide frame (101), a lifting slide plate (102), a control motor (103), a connecting rod (104), a transmission shaft (1041), a transmission gear (105), a top plate (2), a lining plate (201), an inner guide plate (202), a bottom plate (203), a placement frame (204), an earth excavation mechanism and a sampling mechanism. A vertical guide frame (101) is fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1). A lifting slide plate (102) is slidably connected inside the vertical guide frame (101). A through hole capable of placing a clamping rod is formed on the outer side of the vertical guide frame (101). Inserting the clamping rod into the through hole inside the vertical guide frame (101) can support the lifting slide plate (102). A control motor (103) is installed on the lifting slide plate (102). A connecting rod (104) is fixedly connected inside the lifting slide plate (102). A transmission shaft (1041) is rotatably connected inside the connecting rod (104). The output shaft of the control motor (103) is connected to the transmission shaft (1041). The transmission shaft (1041) is rotatably connected to the top plate (2). The top plate (2), the placement frame (204), the lining plate (201), the inner guide plate (202) and the bottom plate (203) together form a large sampling frame. A placement frame (204) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate (2). The bottom of the placement frame (204) is fixedly connected to the lining plate (201). The lining plate (201), the inner guide plate (202) and the bottom plate (203) are fixedly connected by an arc-shaped outer plate. The earth excavation mechanism is used for excavating the soil downward along the ground. The sampling mechanism is used for collecting test samples from the excavated pit wall; The sampling mechanism includes a guide plate (3), a soil collection frame (301), a connecting shaft (302), a transmission cam group (303), a rotating connecting rod (304), a sliding block (305) and a transmission connection assembly. A guide plate (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner guide plate (202). A sliding block (305) is slidably connected inside the guide plate (3). The soil collection frame (301) is stored inside the placement frame (204), and the rear side of the soil collection frame (301) cooperates with the sliding block (305). A connecting shaft (302) is rotatably connected to the top of the lining plate (201). A transmission cam group (303) is rotatably connected to the inner guide plate (202). A rotating connecting rod (304) is rotatably connected at an eccentric position inside the transmission cam group (303). The other end of the rotating connecting rod (304) is rotatably connected to the sliding block (305). The transmission connection assembly is installed inside the top plate (2) and the lining plate (201). The transmission connection assembly is used for connecting the transmission shaft (1041) and the connecting shaft (302) together; The transmission connection assembly includes a spline shaft (1051), a lifting frame (4), a connecting sleeve (4001), a guide cylinder (401), a guide rod (402), a support spring (403) and a limiting assembly. The bottom of the transmission gear (105) is fixedly connected with a spline shaft (1051). The lifting frame (4) is slidably connected inside the top plate (2). The bottom of the lifting frame (4) is rotatably connected with a connecting sleeve (4001). The connecting sleeve (4001) is slidably connected outside the spline shaft (1051). The guide cylinder (401) is installed on the top of the top plate (2). The slide rod inside the guide cylinder (401) is connected to the lifting frame (4). The guide rod (402) is installed on the top of the inner lining plate (201). The lifting frame (4) is slidably connected with the guide rod (402). A support spring (403) is arranged between the lifting frame (4) and the inner lining plate (201). The limiting assembly is installed inside the guide rod (402) and is used to limit the position of the lifting frame (4).

2. The soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil excavation mechanism includes an excavation gear (109), a screw drill rod (110) and a soil discharging assembly. The screw drill rod (110) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner guide plate (202). The top of the screw drill rod (110) is fixedly connected with an excavation gear (109). The soil discharging assembly is installed inside the large sampling frame and is used to convey the soil loosened by the screw drill rod (110) upward.

3. The soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil discharging assembly includes a soil discharging gear (106), a soil discharging spiral blade (107), a soil discharging cylinder (1071) and a rotating gear (108). Soil discharging cylinders (1071) are fixedly connected to both the inner guide plate (202) and the bottom plate (203). The soil discharging spiral blade (107) is rotatably connected inside the soil discharging cylinder (1071). The top of the soil discharging spiral blade (107) is rotatably connected with a soil discharging gear (106). The soil discharging gear (106) meshes with the transmission gear (105). The top of the soil discharging cylinder (1071) on the bottom plate (203) is rotatably connected with a rotating gear (108). The soil discharging spiral blade (107) is fixedly connected with the rotating gear (108). The rotating gear (108) meshes with the excavation gear (109).

4. The soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a rotating shaft (404), a rotating torsion spring (405), a wedge block (406), a connecting spring (4061), a moving pull block (407), a connecting pull rod (408) and an unlocking assembly. The rotating shaft (404) is rotatably connected inside the guide rod (402). The bottom of the rotating shaft (404) passes through the guide rod (402). The rotating shaft (404) and the guide rod (402) are connected by a rotating torsion spring (405). The wedge block (406) is slidably connected inside the guide rod (402). The moving pull block (407) is slidably connected inside the wedge block (406). The top of the moving pull block (407) is rotatably connected with a connecting pull rod (408). The other end of the connecting pull rod (408) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (404). A connecting spring (4061) is arranged between the wedge block (406) and the moving pull block (407).

5. The soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unlocking component includes an L-shaped rod (3052), a rotating push rod (3053), and a pushing torsion spring (3054). The L-shaped rod (3052) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (305). The rotating push rod (3053) is rotatably connected to the L-shaped rod (3052), and a pushing torsion spring (3054) is provided between the rotating push rod (3053) and the L-shaped rod (3052).

6. The soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a soil storage frame (205), a sliding support plate (5), a return spring (501), a fixed wedge block (502), a fixed concave frame (503), a wedge-shaped lifting block (504), a cylindrical rod (5041), and a propping spring (505). The soil storage frame (205) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (203). The top of the soil storage frame (205) is fixedly connected to the inner guide plate (202). The sliding support plate (5) is slidably connected inside the inner guide plate (202), and a return spring (501) is provided between the sliding support plate (5) and the inner guide plate (202). The fixed wedge block (502) is fixedly connected inside the inner guide plate (202). The fixed concave frame (503) is installed inside the sliding support plate (5). The wedge-shaped lifting block (504) is slidably connected inside the fixed concave frame (503), and a propping spring (505) is provided between the wedge-shaped lifting block (504) and the fixed concave frame (503). Cylindrical rods (5041) are fixedly connected to both ends of the wedge-shaped lifting block (504).

7. The soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management according to claim 6, characterized in that: It further includes a top support rod (3051), and the top support rod (3051) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (305).

8. The soil sampling instrument for natural grassland ecological management according to claim 6, characterized in that: It further includes a sliding baffle (6) and a material blocking spring (601). The sliding baffle (6) is slidably connected to the bottom of the bottom plate (203), and the sliding baffle (6) is connected to the bottom plate (203) through the material blocking spring (601).

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