Movable field spectrum acquisition device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a movable field spectrum acquisition device and method. The device comprises an acquisition trolley, a spectrometer and a shading mechanism, wherein the spectrometer and the shading mechanism are arranged on the acquisition trolley; the acquisition trolley comprises a frame and a walking mechanism arranged at the bottom of the frame, an acquisition darkroom is arranged in the frame, and the spectrometer is arranged above the acquisition darkroom; the shading mechanism comprises two groups of shading brush rollers which are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the acquisition darkroom, and each group of shading brush rollers comprises two shading brush rollers which are vertically and rotatably arranged; soft bristles are densely distributed on the shading brush roller. According to the invention, the interference of ambient light can be effectively avoided, and more accurate spectral data can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to spectrum acquisition technology, and in particular to a movable field spectrum acquisition device and method. Background Art

[0002] Plant canopy spectral data can reflect comprehensive information such as the composition distribution, growth status and canopy structure of the entire canopy. Acquisition and analysis of canopy spectral information through spectral technology has the advantages of being simple, fast, intuitive, highly accurate and non-destructive. It has become an important means of obtaining spectral images of plants such as rapeseed, corn and sorghum, and has good application prospects in plant growth monitoring, nutritional diagnosis, precision fertilization management, yield estimation and disease monitoring.

[0003] Spectral systems using drones as carriers are widely used in the field of field crop spectral data acquisition, but the spectral data obtained lacks details and near-ground canopy information. Therefore, technicians in this field use large laboratory spectral instruments and manual handheld spectral instruments to acquire detailed information on single plants or a small number of crops, but the information acquisition rate is extremely low. The prior art also discloses the use of a self-propelled vehicle as a carrier to carry relevant spectral cameras to collect field crop spectral data to improve spectral acquisition efficiency, such as a field crop spectral acquisition device disclosed in the invention application with application publication number CN116858773A.

[0004] Existing field crop spectrum acquisition devices are easily disturbed by ambient light, resulting in inaccurate collected spectral data. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a movable field spectrum collection device, which can effectively avoid the interference of ambient light and is conducive to obtaining more accurate spectrum data.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a movable field spectrum acquisition method.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A movable field spectrum collection device comprises a collection vehicle, a spectrometer and a shading mechanism arranged on the collection vehicle;

[0009] The collection vehicle comprises a frame and a running mechanism arranged at the bottom of the frame, a collection darkroom is arranged in the frame, and the spectrometer is arranged above the collection darkroom;

[0010] The shading mechanism includes shading brush rollers, which are provided in two groups and are respectively arranged at the entrance and exit of the collection darkroom, and each group of shading brush rollers includes two shading brush rollers that are arranged to rotate vertically; the shading brush rollers are densely covered with soft bristles.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two high-stability halogen lamps are provided in the darkroom to provide a uniform and stable light source. The illumination characteristics of the halogen lamps are suitable for spectral collection requirements, and can cover ultraviolet, visible light and near-infrared bands, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the collected data.

[0012] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that a universal bracket is provided inside the collection darkroom, which can carry various types of spectrometers (such as portable spectrometers or high-precision desktop spectrometers). Users can replace the spectrometer according to crop types and collection requirements to meet specific collection tasks.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shading mechanism further includes a rotary drive mechanism for rotating the shading brush roller, the rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary drive motor and a rotary transmission assembly, the rotary transmission assembly includes a rotary transmission pulley and a rotary transmission belt, the rotary transmission pulley is provided with two and is respectively connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive motor and the shading brush roller, and the rotary transmission belt is connected between the two rotary transmission pulleys. Through the above structure, the shading brush roller can be driven to rotate, thereby actively moving the crop into the collection darkroom, which can prevent the crop from being squeezed and damaged.

[0014] A preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the shading mechanism also includes black curtains, which are arranged on both sides of the acquisition darkroom. The black curtains are used to cover the windows on both sides of the frame, thereby providing an efficient light and dust isolation environment and ensuring the accuracy of spectral data acquisition.

[0015] A preferred solution of the present invention further includes a data processing and storage system, which includes a processor module, a storage module, a data transmission module, a positioning module and a power module.

[0016] A preferred solution of the present invention further includes a heat dissipation structure disposed on the top of the collection vehicle, the heat dissipation structure including a heat dissipation fan and a heat sink.

[0017] A movable field spectrum collection method comprises the following steps:

[0018] Move the collection vehicle to the farmland area where spectrum collection is required;

[0019] According to the distribution of crops in the farmland and the collection needs, the location information and collection path of the collection point are input through the remote control device or software interface, and the mobile route is planned in real time through the positioning system;

[0020] The collection trolley moves along a preset route. When it reaches the collection point, the crop approaches the two light-shielding brush rollers at the entrance of the collection darkroom and squeezes part of the soft bristles of the two light-shielding brush rollers to enter the collection darkroom.

[0021] Start the spectrometer to collect accurate spectral data of crops; during the spectral collection process, perform real-time noise reduction, filtering and spectral correction operations on the collected data to improve data quality. The processed data is automatically stored in the data storage device and classified and managed according to the location information of the collection point;

[0022] After the spectral data collection is completed, the data transmission module transmits the data to the remote terminal or data center in real time for further analysis by professionals;

[0023] After completing the task at the current collection point, the crop leaves the collection darkroom through the exit of the collection darkroom, and the collection vehicle moves along the preset route to the next collection point;

[0024] Repeat the spectrum acquisition steps until all target areas are covered.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The spectrum acquisition device of the present invention can not only ensure the smooth passage of crops by arranging shading brush rollers at the inlet and outlet of the acquisition darkroom, but also block the light from the outside, ensure the shading effect inside the acquisition darkroom, effectively avoid the interference of ambient light, and facilitate the acquisition of more accurate spectral data.

[0027] 2. When the crop passes between the two shading brush rollers, the soft bristles of the two shading brush rollers can also clean the surface of the crop, removing dust or impurities on the surface of the crop to avoid affecting the collection of spectral data, thereby further improving the accuracy of the spectral data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1-Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure diagrams of the movable field spectrum collection device of the present invention are shown in two different viewing angles.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a bottom view of the movable field spectrum collection device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0031] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3The movable field spectrum collection device of this embodiment includes a collection vehicle 1, a spectrometer 2 and a shading mechanism arranged on the collection vehicle 1; the collection vehicle 1 includes a frame and a walking mechanism arranged at the bottom of the frame, a collection darkroom 1-1 is arranged in the frame, and the spectrometer 2 is arranged above the collection darkroom 1-1.

[0032] Furthermore, the chassis of the collection vehicle 1 is made of lightweight metal materials to reduce the overall weight and facilitate operation. The universal wheel design enables the platform to move flexibly in complex farmland terrain (such as muddy, potholes, and uneven surfaces) and has good obstacle crossing capabilities.

[0033] Furthermore, the chassis of the collection vehicle 1 is equipped with an efficient motor drive system, powered by a rechargeable lithium battery pack, which supports long-term field work. The control system supports wireless remote control operation, and the user can manually control the moving direction and speed of the platform.

[0034] Furthermore, in order to ensure the stability of the platform on rugged terrain, the chassis is designed with a multi-stage shock-absorbing structure, which can effectively buffer the vibration caused by uneven ground and ensure that the equipment remains stable during the collection process.

[0035] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The shading mechanism includes a shading brush roller 3 and a black curtain 4. The shading brush roller 3 is provided with two groups and is respectively arranged at the entrance and exit of the collection darkroom 1-1. Each group of shading brush rollers 3 includes two shading brush rollers 3 that are arranged to rotate vertically; the shading brush rollers 3 are densely covered with soft bristles.

[0036] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The black curtains 4 are arranged on both sides of the darkroom 1-1 for covering the windows on both sides of the frame, providing an efficient light and dust isolation environment to ensure the accuracy of spectral data collection.

[0037] Combination Figure 3 The darkroom 1-1 is provided with two high-stability halogen lamps 5 to provide a uniform and stable light source. The illumination characteristics of the halogen lamps 5 are suitable for spectrum collection requirements, and can cover ultraviolet, visible light and near-infrared bands to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the collected data.

[0038] Specifically, a universal bracket is provided inside the collection darkroom 1-1, which can carry various types of spectrometers 2 (such as a portable spectrometer or a high-precision desktop spectrometer). Users can replace the spectrometer 2 according to the crop type and collection requirements to meet specific collection tasks.

[0039] Specifically, the shading mechanism also includes a rotary drive mechanism for rotating the shading brush roller 3, the rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary drive motor and a rotary transmission assembly, the rotary transmission assembly includes a rotary transmission pulley and a rotary transmission belt, the rotary transmission pulley is provided with two and is respectively connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive motor and the shading brush roller 3, and the rotary transmission belt is connected between the two rotary transmission pulleys. Through the above structure, the shading brush roller 3 can be driven to rotate, so as to actively put the crop into the collection darkroom 1-1, which can prevent the crop from being squeezed and damaged.

[0040] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The movable field spectrum acquisition device of this embodiment also includes a data processing and storage system, which is located at the top of the darkroom and is linked with the spectrum acquisition device to be responsible for real-time processing and storage of the acquired data. The data processing and storage system includes a processor module, a storage module, a data transmission module, a positioning module 6 and a power supply module 7.

[0041] Specifically, the system has a built-in high-performance processor that can perform real-time noise reduction, filtering and spectral correction on the collected spectral data to improve data quality.

[0042] The data processing and storage system is equipped with a large-capacity memory (such as SSD or memory card) to support the classified storage of spectral data (by time, location, crop variety, etc.). The storage system is dust-proof and moisture-proof, suitable for harsh field environments.

[0043] The data processing and storage system supports wireless transmission function, which can send data to user terminal devices or remote data centers in real time, facilitating instant analysis and management of data.

[0044] The data processing and storage system uses a high-capacity lithium battery pack to support the power supply needs of the entire platform's drive motor, spectrum acquisition device, halogen lamp and data processing system.

[0045] The data processing and storage system is equipped with an intelligent charging management module that can adjust the charging current and voltage according to the battery power to extend the battery life. The real-time power monitoring function can remind users to charge or replace the battery in time.

[0046] The data processing and storage system adopts the RTK (real-time dynamic positioning technology) system to provide high-precision positioning support for field spectrum collection tasks.

[0047] The RTK system achieves centimeter-level positioning accuracy by receiving differential signals sent by the base station, ensuring the accurate positioning and path recording of the platform in the field.

[0048] The RTK positioning system works in conjunction with the data acquisition device to bind and store the high-precision location information of the acquisition point with the spectral data, providing a reliable geographic reference for subsequent analysis.

[0049] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The movable field spectrum collection device of this embodiment also includes a heat dissipation structure arranged on the top of the collection vehicle 1, and the heat dissipation structure includes a heat dissipation fan 8 and a heat sink.

[0050] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The movable field spectrum acquisition method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0051] During operation, move the collection vehicle 1 to the farmland area where spectrum collection is required, check the equipment status, ensure that the power system has sufficient power, turn on the RTK positioning system, and calibrate the current position.

[0052] According to the distribution of farmland crops and collection needs, the location information and collection path of the collection point are input through the remote control device or software interface. The RTK positioning system plans the mobile route in real time to ensure accurate coverage of the collection points.

[0053] The collection vehicle 1 moves along a preset route, and the RTK positioning system monitors and adjusts the position and direction of the collection vehicle 1 in real time to ensure that the platform accurately reaches each predetermined collection point during the movement; when arriving at the collection point, the crop approaches the two light-shielding brush rollers 3 at the entrance of the collection darkroom 1-1, and squeezes part of the soft bristles of the two light-shielding brush rollers 3 to enter the collection darkroom 1-1. Among them, since the soft bristles of the light-shielding brush rollers 3 are soft and intact, it can not only ensure that the crop passes smoothly, but also block the light from the outside, ensure the light-shielding effect inside the collection darkroom 1-1, effectively avoid the interference of ambient light, and facilitate the acquisition of more accurate spectral data, which is very clever. Furthermore, when the crop passes between the two light-shielding brush rollers 3, the soft bristles of the two light-shielding brush rollers 3 can also clean the surface of the crop to remove dust or impurities on the surface of the crop to avoid affecting the collection of spectral data, further improving the accuracy of spectral data.

[0054] Turn on the halogen lamp 5 in the darkroom 1-1 to provide uniform and stable lighting for the crops; start the spectrometer 2 to collect accurate spectral data of the crops;

[0055] During the spectrum acquisition process, the collected data is subjected to real-time noise reduction, filtering and spectrum correction operations to improve data quality. The processed data is automatically stored in the data storage device and classified and managed according to the location information of the acquisition point.

[0056] After the spectral data collection is completed, the data transmission module transmits the data in real time to the remote terminal or data center for further analysis by professionals; the RTK precise location information of the collection point is uploaded synchronously to facilitate subsequent data spatial analysis.

[0057] After completing the task at the current collection point, the crop leaves the collection darkroom 1-1 through the exit of the collection darkroom 1-1, and the collection vehicle 1 moves along the preset route to the next collection point. Repeat the spectral collection operation steps until all target areas are covered.

[0058] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable field spectrum collection device, characterized in that: It includes a collection trolley, a spectrometer and a shading mechanism arranged on the collection trolley; The collection vehicle comprises a frame and a running mechanism arranged at the bottom of the frame, a collection darkroom is arranged in the frame, and the spectrometer is arranged above the collection darkroom; The shading mechanism includes shading brush rollers, which are provided in two groups and are respectively arranged at the entrance and exit of the collection darkroom, and each group of shading brush rollers includes two shading brush rollers that are arranged to rotate vertically; the shading brush rollers are densely covered with soft bristles.

2. The movable field spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection darkroom is provided with a halogen lamp for supplementary lighting.

3. The movable field spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A universal bracket is provided inside the collection darkroom, which can carry different types of spectrometers.

4. The movable field spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shading mechanism also includes a rotational drive mechanism for rotating the shading brush roller, the rotational drive mechanism includes a rotational drive motor and a rotational transmission assembly, the rotational transmission assembly includes a rotational transmission pulley and a rotational transmission belt, the rotational transmission pulley is provided with two and is respectively connected to the output shaft of the rotational drive motor and the shading brush roller, and the rotational transmission belt is connected between the two rotational transmission pulleys.

5. The movable field spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shading mechanism also includes a black curtain, which is arranged on both sides of the darkroom and is used to cover the windows on both sides of the frame.

6. The movable field spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a data processing and storage system, which includes a processor module, a storage module, a data transmission module, a positioning module and a power module.

7. The movable field spectrum acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat dissipation structure arranged on the top of the collection vehicle, and the heat dissipation structure includes a heat dissipation fan and a heat sink.

8. A collection method for the movable field spectrum collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Move the collection vehicle to the farmland area where spectrum collection is required; According to the distribution of crops in the farmland and the collection needs, the location information and collection path of the collection point are input through the remote control device or software interface, and the mobile route is planned in real time through the positioning system; The collection trolley moves along a preset route. When it reaches the collection point, the crop approaches the two light-shielding brush rollers at the entrance of the collection darkroom and squeezes part of the soft bristles of the two light-shielding brush rollers to enter the collection darkroom. Start the spectrometer to collect accurate spectral data of crops; During the spectrum acquisition process, the collected data is subjected to real-time noise reduction, filtering and spectrum correction operations to improve data quality. The processed data is automatically stored in the data storage device and classified and managed according to the location information of the acquisition point. After the spectral data collection is completed, the data transmission module transmits the data to the remote terminal or data center in real time for further analysis by professionals; After completing the task at the current collection point, the crop leaves the collection darkroom through the exit of the collection darkroom, and the collection vehicle moves along the preset route to the next collection point; Repeat the spectrum acquisition steps until all target areas are covered.

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