Waveguide antenna testing device and waveguide antenna testing combination device

Abstract

The invention discloses a waveguide antenna testing device and a waveguide antenna testing combination device, and relates to the technical field of waveguide antennae, the waveguide antenna testing device is used for detecting an open waveguide antenna, and the waveguide antenna testing device comprises a connecting piece and a testing structure; a mounting surface and a testing surface are formed on two opposite side surfaces of the connecting piece, the mounting surface is used for being attached to the open end of the open waveguide antenna, and a transmission hole penetrating through the testing surface and the mounting surface is formed in the connecting piece and is used for being aligned with at least one radiation groove of the open waveguide antenna; the test structure is arranged on the test surface, is electrically connected with the connecting piece, and is used for transmitting an electromagnetic signal to the transmission hole and receiving a reflected signal; according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the connecting piece is arranged at the open end of the open waveguide antenna, and the transmission hole aligned with the radiation slot of the open waveguide antenna is formed in the connecting piece, so that the matching difficulty of the test piece and the waveguide antenna is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waveguide antennas, and in particular to a waveguide antenna testing device and a waveguide antenna testing assembly device. Background Art

[0002] The new generation of millimeter wave radar antennas are mostly designed with waveguide structure as the main body. The waveguide antenna includes a waveguide body and a transfer structure. The waveguide body is provided with a transmission slot for transmitting signals. The transfer structure is arranged on one side of the waveguide body to electrically connect with the chip on the PCBA board. Among them, the transfer structure often adopts a metal wall + choke slot design, that is, multiple conductive protrusions are arranged on one side of the waveguide body. The current test of millimeter wave antennas is to replace the PCBA board with a waveguide antenna test piece. In this way, the waveguide antenna test piece is connected to the waveguide body through the conductive protrusions. The waveguide antenna test piece injects a signal into the waveguide body. The waveguide antenna test piece monitors the energy of the signal reflected back, thereby obtaining the voltage standing wave ratio or S11 of the waveguide antenna, that is, detecting whether the waveguide antenna matches the air; if the reflected signal is at least one order of magnitude lower than the amplitude of the incident signal, the waveguide antenna is considered normal, otherwise it is abnormal.

[0003] The shape of the connection surface of the waveguide antenna test piece used to connect to the waveguide antenna needs to be adapted to the adapter structure. However, due to the small size of the chip and the fact that the adapter structure has dozens of corresponding conductive protrusions, multiple conductive protrusions are densely arranged, making coordination extremely difficult and reducing the processing yield.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the difficulty of matching the test piece with the waveguide antenna is an urgent problem to be solved by people in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a waveguide antenna testing device, aiming at reducing the difficulty of matching a test piece with a waveguide antenna.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the waveguide antenna test device proposed in the present invention is used to detect an open waveguide antenna, and the waveguide antenna test device includes a connector and a test structure; two opposite side surfaces of the connector form a mounting surface and a test surface, the mounting surface is used to fit with the open end of the open waveguide antenna, and a transmission hole penetrating the test surface and the mounting surface is provided on the connector, which is used to align with at least one radiation slot of the open waveguide antenna; the test structure is arranged on the test surface and is electrically connected to the connector, emitting an electromagnetic signal toward the transmission hole and receiving a reflected signal.

[0007] In one embodiment, the transmission hole includes a test section, a transition section and a matching section connected in sequence; the test section is used to correspond to the test structure; the transition section is connected to the test section, and the cross-sectional area of ​​at least one section is set to be variable; the matching section is connected to the transition section, and its shape is used to adapt to the notch of the radiation slot, and is used to connect with the radiation slot.

[0008] In one embodiment, the transition section is consistent with the shape of the radiation slot, and in the direction away from the testing section, the cross-sectional area variation trend of the transition section is opposite to the cross-sectional area variation trend of the radiation slot.

[0009] In one embodiment, the open waveguide antenna has multiple radiation slots; the test section, the transition section and the matching section together form a transmission unit; the transmission hole has a receiving section and multiple transmission units connected to the receiving section; the connector also includes a power divider, the power divider is arranged in the receiving section, the power divider has an input port and multiple output ports, the input port is electrically connected to the test structure, and the multiple output ports are respectively embedded in the multiple test sections.

[0010] In one embodiment, a plurality of matching sections in a plurality of transmission units are arranged to be interconnected.

[0011] In one embodiment, a plurality of matching sections are interconnected to form a matching cavity, and a dielectric material is filled in the matching cavity. The dielectric constant of the dielectric material is ε, and 2≤ε≤5.

[0012] In one embodiment, the test surface is plated with a surface coating material to reduce the surface roughness of the test surface.

[0013] In one embodiment, the test structure includes a measurement module and a calibration module; the measurement module is electrically connected to the connector, emits an electromagnetic signal and receives a reflected signal, and the measurement module includes at least one of a vector network analyzer, a spectrum analyzer or a time domain reflectometer; the calibration module is electrically connected to the measurement module, and is used to eliminate the measurement error of the measurement module.

[0014] The present invention also proposes a waveguide antenna test combination device, including an open waveguide antenna and a waveguide antenna test device for testing the open waveguide antenna; a plurality of slots are provided on the edge of the open waveguide antenna; the waveguide antenna test device is used to detect the open waveguide antenna, and the waveguide antenna test device includes a connector and a test structure; two opposite side surfaces of the connector form a mounting surface and a test surface, the mounting surface is used to fit with the open end of the open waveguide antenna, and a transmission hole is provided on the connector that passes through the test surface and the mounting surface, so as to be aligned with at least one radiation slot of the open waveguide antenna; the test structure is provided on the test surface and is electrically connected to the connector, emitting electromagnetic signals toward the transmission hole and receiving reflected signals; a plurality of buckles are provided on the edge of the connector, and the plurality of buckles are adapted to the plurality of slots, so as to align the transmission hole with the radiation slot.

[0015] In one embodiment, the material of the waveguide antenna test assembly device includes a conductive material; or, the material of the waveguide antenna test assembly device includes a non-conductive material, and a conductive coating material is plated on the inner wall of the transmission hole.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention arranges a connector at the open end of an open waveguide antenna, and opens a transmission hole in the connector that is aligned with the radiation slot of the open waveguide antenna. The radiation slot of the open waveguide antenna is fewer and sparser than the conductive protrusions, thereby reducing the difficulty of matching the test piece with the waveguide antenna. When testing, the test structure transmits an electromagnetic signal toward the transmission hole and receives a reflected signal, thereby obtaining the voltage standing wave ratio or S11 of the open waveguide antenna, and the radiation slot of the open waveguide antenna itself is matched with the impedance of the free space. The electromagnetic signal emitted by the test structure toward the transmission hole reaches the free space through the radiation slot without an obvious reflected signal, and the antenna has reciprocity, and the difference in transmission paths will not affect the accuracy of the test results, thereby achieving efficient and accurate waveguide antenna performance evaluation and improving test efficiency and data reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a waveguide antenna test assembly device provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the waveguide antenna and the PCBA board in the related technology;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the detection structure of the waveguide antenna in the related art;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the waveguide antenna test assembly device in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the waveguide antenna test assembly device in Example 2;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the waveguide antenna test assembly device in Example 3;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of voltage standing wave ratio of Example 2;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage standing wave ratio of Example 3.

[0026] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0027] 100. Waveguide antenna test device; 1. Connector; 1A. Mounting surface; 1B. Test surface; 11. Transmission hole; 111. Test section; 112. Transition section; 113. Matching section; 114. Accommodation section; 2. Test structure;

[0028] 200, open waveguide antenna; 201, waveguide body; 202, radiation slot; 203, feeder line; 204, conductive protrusion;

[0029] 300, PCBA board; 301, chip.

[0030] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0034] See also Figures 2 to 3 The waveguide antenna includes a waveguide body 201 and a transfer structure. The waveguide body 201 is provided with a transmission slot for transmitting signals. The transfer structure is arranged on one side of the waveguide body 201 to be electrically connected to the chip 301 on the PCBA board. The transfer structure often adopts a metal wall + choke slot design, that is, a plurality of conductive protrusions 204 are arranged on one side of the waveguide body 201. At present, the test of the millimeter wave antenna is to replace the PCBA with a waveguide antenna test piece. In this way, the waveguide antenna test piece is connected to the waveguide body 201 through the conductive protrusions 204. The waveguide antenna test piece injects a signal into the waveguide body 201 through the conductive protrusions 204 (the same as the signal transmission path of the waveguide antenna). The waveguide antenna test piece monitors the energy of the signal reflected back, thereby obtaining the voltage standing wave ratio or S11 of the waveguide antenna, that is, detecting whether the waveguide antenna matches the air; if the reflected signal is at least one order of magnitude lower than the amplitude of the incident signal, the waveguide antenna is considered to be normal, otherwise it is abnormal.

[0035] Therefore, the shape of the connection surface of the waveguide antenna test piece with the waveguide antenna needs to be adapted to the adapter structure. However, since the chip 301 is small in size and the adapter structure has dozens of corresponding conductive protrusions 204, and multiple conductive protrusions 204 are densely arranged, the matching difficulty is extremely high, which reduces the processing yield.

[0036] Based on this, the present invention proposes a waveguide antenna testing device 100. Figure 1 The waveguide antenna testing device 100 is used to detect an open waveguide antenna 200. The waveguide antenna testing device 100 includes a connector 1 and a test structure 2. Two opposite side surfaces of the connector 1 form a mounting surface 1A and a test surface 1B. The mounting surface 1A is used to fit with the open end of the open waveguide antenna 200. The connector 1 is provided with a transmission hole 11 that passes through the test surface 1B and the mounting surface 1A, and is used to align with at least one radiation slot 202 of the open waveguide antenna 200. The test structure 2 is arranged on the test surface 1B and is electrically connected to the connector 1, and transmits an electromagnetic signal toward the transmission hole 11 and receives a reflected signal.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention sets the connector 1 at the open end of the open waveguide antenna 200, and opens a transmission hole 11 in the connector 1 to align with the radiation slot 202 of the open waveguide antenna 200, and the radiation slot 202 of the open waveguide antenna 200 is less and sparser than the conductive protrusion 204, thereby reducing the difficulty of matching the test piece with the waveguide antenna; when testing, the test structure 2 transmits an electromagnetic signal toward the transmission hole 11 and receives a reflected signal, thereby obtaining the voltage standing wave ratio or S11 of the open waveguide antenna 200, and the radiation slot 202 of the open waveguide antenna 200 itself matches the impedance of the free space, and the electromagnetic signal emitted by the test structure 2 toward the transmission hole 11 reaches the free space through the radiation slot 202 without an obvious reflected signal, and the antenna has reciprocity, even if the test is performed through the signal receiving path of the open waveguide antenna 200, it will not affect the accuracy of the test result, thereby achieving efficient and accurate waveguide antenna performance evaluation and improving test efficiency and data reliability.

[0038] In the present invention, the test structure 2 emits an electromagnetic signal, which passes through the transmission space of the connector 1 to reach the radiation slot 202 of the open waveguide antenna 200, and further passes through the feeder 203 of the open waveguide antenna 200 to reach the conductive protrusion 204. At this time, the conductive protrusion 204 radiates the electromagnetic signal into the free space, and the reflected electromagnetic signal returns to the test structure 2 through the original path, which receives and analyzes the reflected signal strength, thereby evaluating the performance of the waveguide antenna.

[0039] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission hole 11 includes a test section 111, a transition section 112, and a matching section 113 connected in sequence; the test section 111 is used to correspond to the test structure 2; the transition section 112 is connected to the test section 111, and the cross-sectional area of ​​at least one section is set to be variable; the matching section 113 is connected to the transition section 112, and its shape is used to adapt to the notch of the radiation slot 202, and is used to communicate with the radiation slot 202. In this way, the test section 111 is used to correspond to the test structure 2, and the electromagnetic signal emitted by the test structure 2 enters the transition section 112 through the test section 111. The transition section 112 smoothes the signal transmission through the change of the cross-sectional area to reduce reflection; the matching section 113 ensures accurate docking with the notch of the radiation slot 202, further improving the test accuracy and stability.

[0040] Among them, the test section 111 corresponds to the test structure 2, which means that the end port of the test section 111 close to the test structure 2 is connected to the transmitting port of the test structure 2; the cross-sectional area of ​​at least one section of the transition section 112 is set to be variable, which means that the cross-sectional area of ​​part or all of the sections of the transition section 112 gradually increases from small to large or from large to small, and the cross-sectional size and shape of the two end faces are respectively adapted to the test section 111 and the matching section 113; the matching section 113 is used to align the end face of the radiation slot 202 with the slot size and shape of the radiation slot 202, to ensure that the electromagnetic signal has no significant loss during the transmission process of the connector 1, and impedance matching can be achieved by adjusting the length of the matching section 113.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transition section 112 is consistent with the shape of the radiation slot 202, and in the direction away from the test section 111, the cross-sectional area change trend of the transition section 112 is opposite to the cross-sectional area change trend of the radiation slot 202. In this way, the transition section 112 and the radiation slot 202 are symmetrically arranged along a middle plane, so that the electromagnetic signal can smoothly transition during the transmission process, reduce reflection and loss, and further improve the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0042] In the first embodiment, the open waveguide antenna 200 has a radiation slot 202 , and a port of the test section 111 of the transmission hole 11 is directly connected to the test structure 2 .

[0043] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present invention, the open waveguide antenna 200 has a plurality of radiation slots 202; the test section 111, the transition section 112 and the matching section 113 together form a transmission unit; the transmission hole 11 has a receiving section 114 and a plurality of transmission units connected to the receiving section 114; the connector 1 also includes a power divider, which is disposed in the receiving section 114, and has an input port and a plurality of output ports, the input port is electrically connected to the test structure 2, and the plurality of output ports are respectively embedded in the plurality of test sections 111. In this way, the electromagnetic signal emitted by the test structure 2 sequentially passes through the power divider and the transmission unit to reach the radiation slot 202, so as to meet the measurement requirements of the open waveguide antenna 200 with a plurality of radiation slots 202.

[0044] It should be noted that a power divider is a device that divides one input signal into multiple outputs or merges multiple input signals into one. In one embodiment, the power divider is a multi-stage one-to-two power divider connected in series; in another embodiment, the power divider includes a radio frequency switch matrix.

[0045] In Embodiment 2, specific parameters of the open waveguide antenna 200 and the waveguide antenna testing device 100 are as follows:

[0046] The operating frequency band of the open waveguide antenna 200 is 76GHz-77GHz. A plurality of radiation slots 202 are arranged at intervals in one direction to form a 1×4 array. The four horns are connected to the conductive protrusion 204 through a two-stage one-to-two power divider and a feeder. Each radiation slot 202 is a horn, and the depth of the horn is 3.3mm. The cross-sectional dimensions of the bottom of the horn are consistent with the cross-sectional dimensions of the feeder, both of which are 2.8mm×1mm.

[0047] The connector of the antenna test device 100 is externally connected to the WR12 waveguide standard and is connected to the test structure 2. The transmission hole 11 includes four transmission units. The test section is consistent with the specifications of the WR12 waveguide standard, with a cross-sectional size of 3.1mm×1.55mm. The transition section 112 has the same shape and size as the trumpet mouth and is symmetrically arranged. The ports of the four matching sections 113 are respectively aligned with the notches of the four trumpets, and the edges are connected. The length of each matching section 113 is 2mm. The power divider includes two stages of one-to-two power dividers connected in series.

[0048] See also Figure 7 The matching of the open waveguide antenna 200 and the waveguide antenna testing device 100 after connection is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the voltage standing wave ratio does not exceed 2.5 in the range of 75.56-77.5GHz.

[0049] See also Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present invention, multiple matching sections 113 in multiple transmission units are interconnected. In this way, the structural design is simplified, the processing of the transmission hole 11 is facilitated, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost, and at the same time, the signal synchronization between the transmission units is ensured, further improving the stability and consistency of the overall test system.

[0050] Furthermore, impedance matching can be achieved by adjusting the length of the matching section 113. In Embodiment 3, specific parameters of the open waveguide antenna 200 and the waveguide antenna testing device 100 are as follows:

[0051] The operating frequency band of the open waveguide antenna 200 is 76GHz-77GHz. A plurality of radiation slots 202 are arranged at intervals in one direction to form a 1×4 array. The four horns are connected to the conductive protrusion 204 through a two-stage one-to-two power divider and a feeder. Each radiation slot 202 is a horn, and the depth of the horn is 3.3mm. The cross-sectional dimensions of the bottom of the horn are consistent with the cross-sectional dimensions of the feeder, both of which are 2.8mm×1mm.

[0052] The connector of the antenna test device 100 is externally connected to the WR12 waveguide standard and is connected to the test structure 2. The transmission hole 11 includes four transmission units. The test section is consistent with the specifications of the WR12 waveguide standard, with a cross-sectional size of 3.1mm×1.55mm. The transition section 112 has the same shape and size as the trumpet mouth and is symmetrically arranged. The ports of the four matching sections 113 are respectively aligned with the notches of the four trumpets, and the edges are connected. The length of each matching section 113 is 1.4mm; the power divider includes two stages of one-to-two power dividers connected in series.

[0053] See also Figure 7 The matching of the open waveguide antenna 200 and the waveguide antenna testing device 100 after connection is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the voltage standing wave ratio does not exceed 2.5 in the range of 75.56-77.5GHz.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of matching sections 113 are interconnected to form a matching cavity, and a dielectric material is filled in the matching cavity, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric material is ε, 2≤ε≤5. In this way, the matching cavity effectively adjusts the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves, reduces signal interference, improves the accuracy and consistency of test data, and ensures the efficiency and reliability of antenna performance evaluation.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the test surface 1B is plated with a surface coating material to reduce the surface roughness of the test surface 1B. In this way, by reducing the surface roughness of the test surface 1B, the scattering and reflection of electromagnetic waves are reduced, the signal transmission efficiency is improved, and the accuracy and stability of the test results are further optimized.

[0056] The surface coating material is preferably a material with high conductivity and low loss characteristics and uniform thickness, which can effectively reduce the scattering and absorption of electromagnetic waves on the test surface 1B, further improve the signal transmission efficiency, and ensure the accuracy and stability of the test results.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the test structure 2 includes a measurement module and a calibration module; the measurement module is electrically connected to the connector 1, emits an electromagnetic signal and receives a reflected signal, and the measurement module includes at least one of a vector network analyzer, a spectrum analyzer, or a time domain reflectometer; the calibration module is electrically connected to the measurement module to eliminate the measurement error of the measurement module. In this way, the authenticity and consistency of the measurement data are ensured through calibration, the accuracy and reliability of the test results are further improved, and the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the antenna performance evaluation are guaranteed.

[0058] The present invention also proposes a waveguide antenna test assembly device, comprising an open waveguide antenna 200 and a waveguide antenna test device 100 for testing the open waveguide antenna 200; a plurality of slots are provided at the edge of the open waveguide antenna 200; the waveguide antenna test device 100 is used to detect the open waveguide antenna 200, and the waveguide antenna test device 100 comprises a connector 1 and a test structure 2; two opposite side surfaces of the connector 1 form a mounting surface 1A and a test surface 1B, the mounting surface 1A is used to fit with the open end of the open waveguide antenna 200, and a transmission hole 11 penetrating the test surface 1B and the mounting surface 1A is provided on the connector 1, so as to be aligned with at least one radiation slot 202 of the open waveguide antenna 200; the test structure 2 is provided on the test surface 1B and is electrically connected to the connector 1, emitting electromagnetic signals toward the transmission hole 11 and receiving reflected signals; a plurality of buckles are provided at the edge of the connector 1, and the plurality of buckles are adapted to the plurality of slots, so as to align the transmission hole 11 with the radiation slot 202. With such a configuration, the transmission hole 11 and the radiation slot 202 are accurately aligned through the precise fit of the buckle and the slot. Since the waveguide antenna test assembly device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the waveguide antenna test assembly device includes a conductive material; or, the material of the waveguide antenna test assembly device includes a non-conductive material, and a conductive coating material is plated on the inner wall of the transmission hole 11. In this way, there are multiple processing forms, which facilitates the production of the waveguide antenna test assembly device. In a first embodiment, the waveguide antenna test assembly device is formed by CNC cutting of metal; in a second embodiment, the waveguide antenna test assembly device is formed by injection molding of plastic parts or CNC cutting of plastic parts, and a conductive coating is uniformly plated on the inner wall of the transmission hole 11; in a third embodiment, the waveguide antenna test assembly device is made using 3D printing technology.

[0060] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waveguide antenna testing device for testing a waveguide antenna, characterized in that: The waveguide antenna testing device is used to detect an open waveguide antenna, and the waveguide antenna testing device comprises: A connector, wherein two opposite side surfaces of the connector form a mounting surface and a test surface, the mounting surface is used to fit with the open end of the open waveguide antenna, and the connector is provided with a transmission hole that passes through the test surface and the mounting surface, so as to be aligned with at least one radiation slot of the open waveguide antenna; and The test structure is arranged on the test surface and is electrically connected to the connecting member, and transmits electromagnetic signals toward the transmission hole and receives reflected signals.

2. The waveguide antenna testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission hole comprises: A test segment, corresponding to the test structure; a transition section, connected to the test section, and having a cross-sectional area of ​​at least one section being variable; and, The matching section is connected to the transition section, has an outer shape adapted to match the notch of the radiation slot, and is connected to the radiation slot.

3. The waveguide antenna testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition section is consistent with the shape of the radiation slot, and in the direction away from the test section, the cross-sectional area variation trend of the transition section is opposite to the cross-sectional area variation trend of the radiation slot.

4. The waveguide antenna testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The open waveguide antenna has a plurality of radiation slots; The test section, the transition section and the matching section together form a transmission unit; The transmission hole has a receiving section and a plurality of transmission units connected with the receiving section; The connector also includes a power distributor, which is disposed in the accommodating section. The power distributor has an input port and a plurality of output ports. The input port is electrically connected to the test structure, and the plurality of output ports are respectively embedded in the plurality of test sections.

5. The waveguide antenna testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple matching sections in the multiple transmission units are connected to each other.

6. The waveguide antenna testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of matching sections are interconnected to form a matching cavity. The matching cavity is filled with a dielectric material. The dielectric constant of the dielectric material is ε, 2≤ε≤5.

7. The waveguide antenna testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test surface is plated with a surface coating material to reduce the surface roughness of the test surface.

8. The waveguide antenna testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test structure includes: a measuring module, electrically connected to the connecting member, emitting an electromagnetic signal and receiving a reflected signal, the measuring module comprising at least one of a vector network analyzer, a spectrum analyzer or a time domain reflectometer; and The calibration module is electrically connected to the measuring module and is used to eliminate the measurement error of the measuring module.

9. A waveguide antenna test assembly device, comprising an open waveguide antenna, characterized in that: The waveguide antenna test assembly device also includes the waveguide antenna test device described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a plurality of slots are provided at the edge of the open waveguide antenna; A plurality of buckles are arranged on the edge of the connecting member, and the plurality of buckles are matched with the plurality of slots to align the transmission hole with the radiation slot.

10. The waveguide antenna testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The material of the waveguide antenna test assembly device includes a conductive material; or, The material of the waveguide antenna test assembly device includes a non-conductive material, and a conductive coating material is plated on the inner wall of the transmission hole.

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