Orchard targeting spraying control system based on ROS system
By integrating single-line lidar, rotary encoder and imu sensors on orchard robots, the three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit tree is obtained, and accurate target detection and spray control is achieved, which solves the problems of low pesticide utilization and pollution in the existing technology, and improves pesticide utilization efficiency and environmental safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510072650.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
AI Technical Summary
The existing orchard robots have problems such as low pesticide utilization rate, excessive pesticide residues in agricultural products, and chemical environmental pollution during pesticide spraying, which is mainly due to the reduction in target detection sensor accuracy and water mist.
The orchard target spray control system based on the ROS system is adopted, combined with single-line lidar, rotary encoder and imu sensors, and the three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit tree is obtained to achieve accurate target detection and spray control.
Through precise target detection and spray control, pesticide waste and pollution are reduced, pesticide utilization rate is improved, and pesticide residues in agricultural products are reduced.
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Figure CN119937399A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent control of agricultural orchard machinery and equipment, and in particular to an orchard target spray control system based on a ROS system. Background Art
[0002] ROS (Robot Operating System) is a computer operating system architecture designed for robot software development. It is an open source meta-level operating system (post-operating system) that provides services similar to operating systems, including hardware abstract description, underlying driver management, execution of shared functions, inter-program message passing, and program distribution package management. It also provides some tools and libraries for acquiring, building, writing, and executing multi-machine fusion programs. Robots can improve work efficiency and are widely used. For example, they are used in agricultural orchards to perform tasks such as picking fruits and spraying pesticides.
[0003] Pesticide spraying is an important means of disease prevention and control in orchard crop production, and is also the most effective and commonly used chemical control method in the field of agricultural plant protection. However, the existing robot pesticide application method usually only uses a single application amount for continuous single spraying operations in the operation area. In the absence of comprehensive information on the growth status of fruit trees and planting conditions, it often causes problems such as low pesticide utilization, excessive pesticide residues in agricultural products, and chemical environmental pollution.
[0004] According to the current pesticide application conditions, the target variable spray control technology can achieve effective pesticide application effects. However, the target detection sensors on the robot are mainly visual image sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and infrared sensors, which are easily affected by the water mist during the application process, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy of the target detection sensor. The application in the actual orchard environment will be greatly limited and cannot accurately detect the position of the fruit tree target. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide an orchard target spray control system based on the ROS system, which can realize target spray control, reduce the pesticide waste and pesticide pollution problems of orchard robots, reduce the influence of water mist during the application of pesticides on target detection sensors, and realize accurate detection of the position of fruit tree targets.
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0007] An orchard target spray control system based on the ROS system includes a robot body, a main control module, a fruit tree information collection module and a spray control module; wherein,
[0008] The fruit tree information acquisition module includes a single-line laser radar, a rotary encoder and an imu sensor; the single-line laser radar is vertically arranged at the front end of the robot body, and the single-line laser radar, the rotary encoder and the imu sensor are all connected to the main control module;
[0009] The spray control module includes a pwm output control module and a solenoid valve nozzle; the solenoid valve nozzle is arranged at the rear end of the robot body, one end of the pwm output control module is connected to the main control module, and the other end is connected to the solenoid valve nozzle.
[0010] The working principle of the above-mentioned orchard target spray control system based on the ROS system is:
[0011] The single-line laser radar is placed vertically at the front end of the robot body, so that it can obtain all the laser point cloud information in the vertical direction. The rotary encoder and the imu sensor are used to obtain the forward distance and forward direction information of the robot body. The laser point cloud information, forward distance and forward direction information are combined to obtain three-dimensional laser point cloud information. That is, in the orchard environment, the robot body can scan and obtain the laser point cloud information of the fruit trees during the process of moving forward, that is, the three-dimensional laser point cloud information, and convert it into fruit tree information through the fruit tree canopy volume calculation method. The obtained three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit tree is converted into fruit tree information to guide spraying, so as to achieve precise spraying.
[0012] A preferred solution of the present invention, wherein the orchard target spray control system further includes a relay, a medicine pump motor and a fan motor; one end of the relay is connected to the main control module, and the other end of the relay is connected to the medicine pump motor and the fan motor respectively. In the above structure, the medicine pump motor is used to pump the spray liquid, and the fan motor is used to blow the spray sprayed from the solenoid valve nozzle farther; the main control module can input voltage to the relay, so that the relay is energized to the other end to connect the circuit and output two voltages to the medicine pump motor and the fan motor to start working.
[0013] Preferably, the orchard target spray control system further includes a display screen, which is connected to the main control module. By setting the display screen, the content of the main control module and the upper computer interface of the display system can be viewed, which is mainly used to input spray parameters including the specification parameters of the robot body, such as length, width, and height; and whether to turn on the fan motor and the drug pump motor. The command parameters are then transmitted to the main operation program.
[0014] Preferably, the single-line laser radar is used to obtain the laser point cloud information of the fruit tree, and the laser point cloud information of the fruit tree needs to be delayed by a distance of the length of the robot body. Since the single-line laser radar is located at the front end of the robot body and the solenoid valve nozzle is located at the rear end of the robot body, for the accuracy of target detection, the laser point cloud information of the fruit tree needs to be delayed by a distance of the length of the robot body to reduce the rain and fog dripping onto the surface of the single-line laser radar during the spraying process, thereby affecting the normal operation of the single-line laser radar.
[0015] Preferably, the rotary encoder and the imu sensor communicate with the main control module through a 485 to USB module; the pwm output control module communicates with the main control module through another 485 to USB module; the single-line laser radar communicates with the main control module through a network cable; the main control module is connected through a Gpio to DI-DO module; the display screen is connected to the main control module through an HDMI interface. In the above structure, the single-line laser radar adopts the TCP communication protocol, the 485 communication adopts the standard modbus protocol, the main control module outputs a 5v signal through two Gpio ports, and converts it to the Gpio to DI-DO module to output two 24v voltages. The two 24v voltages are input to the relay, so that the relay is energized to the other end to connect the circuit and output two 72v voltages to the medicine pump motor and the fan motor to start working.
[0016] Preferably, the fruit tree information collection module collects the three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit tree, obtains the canopy volume of the fruit tree, and controls the flow of the solenoid valve nozzle by the canopy volume of the fruit tree. The control method is:
[0017] There are multiple solenoid valve nozzles, which are evenly arranged from top to bottom, dividing the current fruit tree canopy into multiple areas horizontally. The number of solenoid valve nozzles working in each area is determined according to the different volumes of the current fruit tree canopy and the current position of the robot body, so as to adjust the spray flow of the fruit tree according to the required canopy volume.
[0018] Preferably, the main control module is an industrial computer.
[0019] Preferably, the software sub-nodes in the ROS system include a lidar data acquisition node, an imu data acquisition node, a rotary encoder data acquisition node, a data fusion targeting node, a Pwm output control node, a front-end interface program, a front-end instruction reading node, a Gpio output node, and a machine direction and travel distance node.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] 1. The orchard targeted spray control system based on the ROS system in the present invention can obtain the three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit trees through the coordinated work of the single-line laser radar, the rotary encoder and the imu sensor. The obtained three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit trees is converted into the fruit tree information for guiding the spraying, which can realize the targeted spray control and reduce the pesticide waste and pesticide pollution problems of the orchard robot.
[0022] 2. The orchard target spray control system based on the ROS system in the present invention has a better rain and fog penetration effect by setting a single-line laser radar; the single-line laser radar is vertically set at the front end of the robot body, and the solenoid valve nozzle is set at the rear end of the robot body, so as to reduce the influence of water mist on the target detection sensor (single-line laser radar) during the application of pesticides, and realize accurate detection of the position of the fruit tree target, which not only solves the influence of rain and fog itself on the target detection information during the spraying process, but also solves the problem that rain and fog dripping on the surface of the single-line laser radar during the spraying process affects the operation of the sensor itself.
[0023] 3. The orchard target spray control system based on the ROS system in the present invention can effectively reduce the overall cost of the system compared to the existing multi-line laser radar by combining single-line laser radar, rotary encoder and imu sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an orchard target spray control system based on a ROS system in the present invention.
[0025] Figure 2 It is an operation logic diagram of the software sub-node in the ROS system of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 3 It is a spray schematic diagram of the orchard target spray control system in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
[0028] See also Figure 1 This embodiment discloses an orchard target spray control system based on the ROS system, including a robot body, a main control module, a fruit tree information collection module and a spray control module. The fruit tree information collection module is used to obtain fruit tree information for targeting; the spray control module performs spray control in combination with the acquired target information; the main control module serves as the main control of the entire control system, and the entire control system is developed based on the ROS robot operating system in the Linux system.
[0029] See also Figure 1 The fruit tree information collection module includes a single-line laser radar, a rotary encoder and an im u The single-line laser radar is vertically arranged at the front end of the robot body, and the single-line laser radar, rotary encoder and im u The sensors are all connected to the main control module. The single-line laser radar is the Sugikawa 3i-T1 single-line laser radar, and the imu sensor is the N100WP nine-axis imu sensor.
[0030] See also Figure 1 The spray control module includes a pwm output control module and a solenoid valve nozzle; the solenoid valve nozzle is set at the rear end of the robot body, one end of the pwm output control module is connected to the main control module, and the other end is connected to the solenoid valve nozzle. The solenoid valve in the solenoid valve nozzle adopts the AirTac 2WH030-08 solenoid valve, which is controlled by 12V; the pwm output control module input voltage is 12V, and the output pwm wave voltage is also 12V. The solenoid valve
[0031] See also Figure 1 The orchard target spray control system also includes a relay, a medicine pump motor and a fan motor; one end of the relay is connected to the main control module, and the other end of the relay is connected to the medicine pump motor and the fan motor respectively. In the above structure, the medicine pump motor is used to pump the spray liquid, and the fan motor is used to blow the spray sprayed from the solenoid valve nozzle farther; the main control module can input voltage to the relay, so that the relay is powered on to the other end to connect the circuit and output two voltages to the medicine pump motor and the fan motor to start working.
[0032] See also Figure 1 The orchard target spray control system also includes a display screen, which is connected to the main control module. By setting the display screen, the content of the main control module and the upper computer interface of the display system can be viewed, which is mainly used to input spray parameters including the specification parameters of the robot body, such as length, width, and height; and whether to turn on the fan motor and the medicine pump motor. The command parameters are then transmitted to the main running program.
[0033] See also Figure 1 The single-line laser radar is used to obtain the laser point cloud information of the fruit tree, and the laser point cloud information of the fruit tree needs to be delayed by a distance of the length of the robot body. Since the single-line laser radar is located at the front end of the robot body and the solenoid valve nozzle is located at the rear end of the robot body, in order to ensure the accuracy of target detection, the laser point cloud information of the fruit tree needs to be delayed by a distance of the length of the robot body to reduce the rain and fog dripping onto the surface of the single-line laser radar during the spraying process, thereby affecting the normal operation of the single-line laser radar.
[0034] See also Figure 1, the rotary encoder and the imu sensor communicate with the main control module through the 485 to usb module 1; the pwm output control module communicates with the main control module through the 485 to usb module 2; the single-line laser radar communicates with the main control module through a network cable; the main control module is connected through the Gpio to DI-DO module; the display screen is connected to the main control module through the HDMI interface. In the above structure, the single-line laser radar adopts the TCP communication protocol, the 485 communication adopts the standard modbus protocol, the main control module outputs 5v signals through two Gpio ports, and converts them into two 24v voltages for the Gpio to DI-DO module. The two 24v voltages are input to the relay, so that the relay is energized to the other end to connect the circuit and output two 72v voltages to the medicine pump motor and the fan motor to start working.
[0035] See also Figure 1 The solenoid valve nozzle includes a solenoid valve and a nozzle connected to the solenoid valve; the solenoid valve is controlled by a pwm wave, and the nozzle flow is controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the pwm wave. When the pwm duty cycle is adjusted from 0% to 100%, the nozzle flow is also linearly related from 0% to 100%. Therefore, the pwm output control module communicates with the main control module through another 485 to usb module, so that it outputs pwm waves with different duty cycles to control the solenoid valve nozzle flow.
[0036] See also Figure 1 , the main control module is an industrial computer.
[0037] See also Figure 1 The number of solenoid valve nozzles is 14. The pwm output control module communicates with the main control module through a 485-to-usb module, so that the 485-to-usb module outputs 14 pwm waves with a voltage of 12v and different duty cycles, thereby individually controlling the flow of the 14 solenoid valve nozzles.
[0038] See also Figure 1 , the pwm output control module is a 20-channel pwm output control module.
[0039] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 The fruit tree information acquisition module acquires the three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit tree, obtains the canopy volume of the fruit tree, and controls the flow of the solenoid valve nozzle by the canopy volume of the fruit tree. The control method of converting the canopy volume of the fruit tree into the flow of the solenoid valve nozzle is:
[0040] Multiple solenoid valve nozzles are evenly arranged from top to bottom, dividing the current fruit tree canopy into multiple areas in the horizontal direction. The flow regulation of the solenoid valve nozzle requires adjusting the duty cycle of the solenoid valve nozzle, so it is necessary to understand the relationship between the fruit tree canopy volume and the PWM duty cycle. Taking half of the fruit tree as an example, when the robot body moves to the position of area 1, it turns on nozzles 2 to 5, and the number of nozzles working is 4, that is, the number of solenoid valve nozzles working is 4, and the fruit tree canopy corresponding to the area is sprayed; when the robot body moves to the position of area 2, it turns on nozzles 2 to 6, and the number of nozzles working is 5. This is followed by analogy until the next tree, and this operation is repeated.
[0041] See also Figure 1 In summary, the number of solenoid valve nozzles working in each area is determined according to the current canopy volume of the fruit tree and the current position of the robot body, so as to adjust the spray flow rate of the fruit tree according to the required canopy volume of the fruit tree; the specific calculation method is as follows:
[0042] First determine the total spray flow rate can be calculated from the following formula:
[0043] Q=aqP
[0044] Among them, Q represents the total spray flow rate, in L / s; q represents the maximum flow rate of a single solenoid valve nozzle, in L / s; P represents the duty cycle; a represents the number of solenoid valve nozzles currently working;
[0045] Then the total spray flow rate for a single fruit tree can be calculated from the following formula:
[0046] Vu=Qt=aqPt
[0047] Where t is the spraying time in seconds; u is the spray volume per unit canopy volume in L / m 3 ; V represents the canopy volume (total volume) of a single fruit tree, in m 3 ;
[0048] The spraying time for a single fruit tree can be calculated from the following formula:
[0049] t=l / v
[0050] Among them, l represents the canopy amplitude of a single fruit tree, that is, the horizontal width, in meters; v represents the driving speed of the robot, in meters per second;
[0051] From the total spray flow rate of a single fruit tree and the spray time formula of a single fruit tree, it can be known that the formula for the duty cycle of each solenoid valve nozzle in the current work is:
[0052] P=Vvu / alq
[0053] The formula for the duty cycle of each solenoid valve nozzle can be used to calculate the duty cycle of the solenoid valve nozzle that needs to be adjusted based on the currently detected canopy volume of the fruit tree, the number of solenoid valve nozzles that need to work at the current position, and the remaining known parameters: robot body speed, canopy spray volume per unit volume, maximum flow rate of a single solenoid valve nozzle, and canopy amplitude of a single fruit tree. These parameters can be used to calculate the duty cycle of the solenoid valve nozzle that needs to be adjusted.
[0054] See also Figure 2 ,The software sub-nodes in the ROS system include the LiDAR data acquisition node, the imu data acquisition node, the rotary encoder data acquisition node, the data fusion targeting node, the Pwm output control node, the front-end interface program, the front-end instruction reading node, the Gpio output node, and the machine direction and travel distance node.
[0055] The data transmission interaction and operation logic of each sub-node in the ROS system are as follows Figure 2 As shown, the collection function of the fruit tree information collection module is mainly realized by the lidar data collection node, the imu data collection node, and the rotary encoder data collection node.
[0056] The laser radar data collection node mainly realizes the function of collecting laser radar data. The laser radar data collection node mainly parses the laser radar data (laser point cloud information) transmitted from the network port, and extracts the valid laser point cloud data (laser point cloud information) according to the laser radar communication protocol. The laser point cloud data is saved in a one-dimensional array. The laser point cloud data is published to the topic / laserscan, and the message format is sensor_msgs / LaserScan.msg.
[0057] The imu data acquisition node mainly realizes the function of collecting imu data. The imu data acquisition node mainly parses the imu sensor data transmitted from the USB port, and parses the valid imu sensor data according to the modbus protocol of the imu sensor. The imu sensor data is saved and published to the topic / imu. The message format is sensor_msgs / Imu.msg.
[0058] The rotary encoder data acquisition node mainly realizes the function of collecting rotary encoder data. The rotary encoder data acquisition node mainly parses the rotary encoder data transmitted from the USB port, parses the valid rotary encoder data according to the modbus protocol of the rotary encoder, saves the parsed rotary encoder data, and publishes the rotary encoder data to the custom topic / rotary_encoder. The message format is std_msgs.
[0059] The main functions of data fusion for target nodes are:
[0060] 1. Get the laser radar data on the topic / laserscan, get the imu sensor data on the topic / imu, get the rotary encoder data on the topic / rotary_encoder, and the machine specification data on the topic / user_data.
[0061] 2. Fuse and calculate the data from the previous three topics to obtain the point cloud data (3D laser point cloud data) of the fruit tree canopy during the robot's walking process. Then use the volume estimation algorithm to calculate the point cloud volume of the current fruit tree canopy (fruit tree canopy volume). Then calculate the spray volume based on the point cloud volume of the current fruit tree canopy. Send the required total spray flow data to the topic / spray, and the message format is std_msgs. Calculate the nozzle number of the solenoid valve nozzle to be opened based on the fruit tree canopy point cloud data and send it to the topic / spray_num. The message format is std_msgs. And send the number of solenoid valve nozzles to be opened to the topic / spray_data, and the message format is std_msgs.
[0062] The main functions of the Pwm output control node are:
[0063] 1. Get the total spray flow data from the topic / spray, get the nozzle number to be opened from the topic / spray_num, and get the number of opened solenoid valve nozzles from the topic / spray_data.
[0064] 2. Arrange the data obtained from the three topics, and calculate the PWM duty cycle of the solenoid valve nozzle to be opened according to the total spray flow, the nozzle number to be opened, and the number of solenoid valve nozzles to be opened to control the solenoid valve nozzles, so as to adjust the spray flow according to demand. Then, according to the calculated PWM duty cycle and nozzle number, send it out from the USB port according to the standard modbus protocol of the PWM output control module, so as to control the solenoid valve nozzles.
[0065] The front-end interface program mainly enables users to input the initial values of the spray parameters and the machine parameters. The key machine parameters in this system are the specification parameters of the robot body, such as length, width, height, and the command parameters for whether to turn on the fan motor and the medicine pump motor. The input parameters are saved to a local json format data file through the front-end interface program, and the file name is user.json.
[0066] The front-end command reading node mainly reads the spray parameters input by the user. It obtains the spray parameters input by the user by parsing the local json file user.json. The parameters are mainly the machine's specifications, length, width and height, and the command parameters for whether to turn on the fan and medicine pump. The robot's specification parameters, such as length, width and height parameters, are sent to the topic / user_data, and the message format is std_msgs. The command parameters for whether to turn on the fan motor and medicine pump motor are sent to the topic / gpio, and the message format is std_msgs.
[0067] The main function of the Gpio output node is to obtain the command parameters on the topic / gpio on whether to turn on the fan motor and the medicine pump motor, and determine whether to turn on the fan motor and the medicine pump motor. If it needs to be turned on, the Gpio output node will issue a 5V voltage to the two gpio ports of the industrial computer connected to the Gpio to DI-DO module, otherwise the output voltage is 0V.
[0068] The main functions of the machine direction and travel distance nodes are to obtain the imu sensor data on the topic / imu and the rotary encoder data on the topic / rotary_encoder. The two sets of data are used to calculate the robot's forward direction and forward speed.
[0069] See also Figure 1 The working principle of the above-mentioned orchard target spray control system based on ROS system is:
[0070] The single-line laser radar is placed vertically at the front end of the robot body so that it can obtain all the laser point cloud information in the vertical direction. The rotary encoder and the imu sensor are used to obtain the forward distance and forward direction information of the robot body. The laser point cloud information, forward distance and forward direction information are combined to obtain the three-dimensional laser point cloud information. That is, in the orchard environment, the robot body can scan and obtain the laser point cloud information of the fruit trees in the process of moving forward, that is, the three-dimensional laser point cloud information, and convert it into fruit tree information through the fruit tree canopy volume calculation method. The obtained three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit tree is converted into the fruit tree information for guiding spraying to achieve precise spraying. The obtained three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit tree is converted into the fruit tree information for guiding spraying. The specific method refers to the above control method. Then the display screen can display the upper computer program, which is mainly used to input the spray parameters including the specification parameters of the robot body, such as length, width, height, and whether to turn on the fan motor and the medicine pump motor. The instruction parameters are then transmitted to the main running program.
[0071] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An orchard target spray control system based on ROS system, characterized in that: It includes a robot body, a main control module, a fruit tree information collection module and a spray control module; among which, The fruit tree information acquisition module includes a single-line laser radar, a rotary encoder and an imu sensor; the single-line laser radar is vertically arranged at the front end of the robot body, and the single-line laser radar, the rotary encoder and the imu sensor are all connected to the main control module; The spray control module includes a pwm output control module and a solenoid valve nozzle; the solenoid valve nozzle is arranged at the rear end of the robot body, one end of the pwm output control module is connected to the main control module, and the other end is connected to the solenoid valve nozzle.
2. The orchard targeted spray control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orchard target spray control system also includes a relay, a medicine pump motor and a fan motor; one end of the relay is connected to the main control module, and the other end of the relay is connected to the medicine pump motor and the fan motor respectively.
3. The orchard targeted spray control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The orchard target spray control system also includes a display screen, which is connected to the main control module.
4. The orchard targeted spray control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-line laser radar is used to obtain laser point cloud information of the fruit tree, and the laser point cloud information of the fruit tree needs to be delayed by a distance of the length of the robot body.
5. The orchard targeted spray control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary encoder and the imu sensor communicate with the main control module through a 485 to usb module; the pwm output control module communicates with the main control module through another 485 to usb module; the single-line laser radar communicates with the main control module through a network cable; the main control module is connected through a Gpio to DI-DO module; the display screen is connected to the main control module through an HDMI interface.
6. The orchard targeted spray control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fruit tree information collection module collects the three-dimensional laser point cloud information of the fruit tree, obtains the canopy volume of the fruit tree, and controls the flow of the solenoid valve nozzle according to the canopy volume of the fruit tree. The control method is: There are multiple solenoid valve nozzles, which are evenly arranged from top to bottom, dividing the current fruit tree canopy into multiple areas horizontally. The number of solenoid valve nozzles working in each area is determined according to the different volumes of the current fruit tree canopy and the current position of the robot body, so as to adjust the spray flow of the fruit tree according to the required canopy volume.
7. The orchard targeted spray control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module is an industrial computer.
8. The orchard targeted spray control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The software sub-nodes in the ROS system include lidar data acquisition node, imu data acquisition node, rotary encoder data acquisition node, data fusion target node, PWM output control node, front-end interface program, front-end instruction reading node, Gpio output node, and machine direction and travel distance node.