Floating photovoltaic high-resolution site selection method

Abstract

The invention provides a floating photovoltaic high-resolution site selection method, which can be applied to the technical field of power systems, and comprises the following steps: acquiring natural data of each region; selecting a target area suitable for deploying floating photovoltaic power generation by analyzing natural data; according to the power demand data and the existing power generation amount of each target area, calculating whether a power gap exists in the target area; under the condition that an electric power gap exists in the target area, the cost needed for building the floating type photovoltaic power station in different simulation situations is calculated based on the target function; and determining an optimal strategy for constructing the floating type photovoltaic power station in the target area based on a calculation result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of power systems, and more specifically, to a high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics. Background Art

[0002] The emergence of floating photovoltaics provides a feasible solution to the growing demand for photovoltaic construction and land availability constraints. The deployment area of ​​floating photovoltaics is usually located in open waters, so it does not occupy land resources. In addition, compared with traditional land photovoltaics, floating photovoltaics have better power generation efficiency. Therefore, promoting the construction of floating photovoltaics is of great significance to the development of the photovoltaic industry, and at the same time helps to accelerate the realization of the "dual carbon" goal.

[0003] At present, the site selection method for floating photovoltaics is to use the deployment area as the main criterion for site selection, which often ignores factors such as solar radiation intensity, water level changes, and ice period. At the same time, there is also a lack of consideration of construction and grid-connected benefits when it comes to floating photovoltaics. These problems will lead to inaccurate site selection decisions, resulting in repeated use and waste of resources. Previous evaluation methods are often highly subjective and lack unified and scientific evaluation standards and models, which can easily lead to inaccurate site selection. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] The present disclosure provides a high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics, which is used to at least partially solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics is provided, the method comprising: acquiring natural data of each area; selecting a target area suitable for deploying floating photovoltaic power generation by analyzing the natural data; calculating whether there is a power gap in the target area based on the power demand data and the existing power generation of each target area; in the case where there is a power gap in the target area, calculating the cost required to build a floating photovoltaic power station under different simulation scenarios based on the objective function; and determining the best strategy for building a floating photovoltaic power station in the target area based on the calculation results.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the natural data includes vector data of lakes and reservoirs, solar radiation data, wind speed, and surface temperature data.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a target area suitable for floating photovoltaic power generation is selected by analyzing natural data, including: obtaining historical changes of each lake and reservoir based on vector data; respectively determining a first relationship between the vector data and the historical changes and a preset threshold, and determining that the area is a target area when the first relationship satisfies a first condition.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, whether there is a power gap in the target area is calculated based on the power demand data and the existing power generation of each target area, including: acquiring fixed power generation facility data in the target area; calculating the existing power generation of the target area based on the fixed power generation facility data; comparing the existing power generation of the target area with the power demand data to determine the power gap situation in the target area.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when there is a power gap in the target area, the costs required to build a floating photovoltaic power station under different simulation scenarios are calculated based on the objective function, including: obtaining a deployment plan of the floating photovoltaic power station under each simulation scenario, wherein the deployment plan at least includes a grid connection condition, a power transmission line condition, and a power storage plan; and calculating the costs required to build the floating photovoltaic power station under the deployment plan based on the objective function.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the expression of the objective function is:

[0013] f = ∑CI + ∑PT + ∑FT + ∑TT + ∑CS + ∑VC + ∑TC + ∑CR + c

[0014] Among them, CI is the annual cost of power station installation; PT is the annual cost of inter-provincial transmission; FT is the annual cost of branch line transmission; TT is the annual cost of trunk line transmission; CS is the annual cost of power storage; VC is the annual total variable cost of generator operation; TC is the annual total cost of generator operation; CR is the annual total cost of reserve generation layer; c is a fixed number, representing the company's annual total capital cost of generators and the variable cost of time.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes: after determining the optimal strategy for constructing a floating photovoltaic power station in a target area, calculating the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station deployed according to the optimal strategy; determining whether there is a power gap in the target area based on the potential power generation; and if there is a power gap in the target area, using other modes of power generation to make up for the power gap.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the potential power generation of a floating photovoltaic power station deployed according to an optimal strategy is calculated, including: collecting spatial point data of lakes and reservoirs in a target area; and determining the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station based on the spatial point data and solar radiation data.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the potential power generation of a floating photovoltaic power station is determined based on spatial point data and solar radiation data, including: calculating the zenith angle of the point and the area where floating photovoltaic panels can be deployed according to the latitude and longitude and area of ​​lakes and reservoirs; calculating the total solar radiation intensity based on the zenith angle and solar radiation data; and determining the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station according to the total solar radiation intensity and the area where floating photovoltaic panels can be deployed.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, other modes of power generation include any one of terrestrial photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, hydropower generation and surplus thermal power generation.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaic provided by the present disclosure includes at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] By obtaining natural data from various regions to accurately locate target areas suitable for the layout of floating photovoltaic power stations, it can provide decision makers with clear and intuitive site selection suggestions from the two aspects of floating photovoltaic power generation potential and economic benefits, which will help to quickly realize the scientific planning and reasonable layout of floating photovoltaic power stations. In the process of optimizing the site selection of floating photovoltaic power stations, the construction, operation and grid-connected cost investment of floating photovoltaic power stations are also considered, so as to accurately select the most suitable area for the construction of floating photovoltaic power generation, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of site selection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart schematically shows a high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2 A conceptual diagram schematically shows a floating photovoltaic power gap compensation method in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the principle of floating photovoltaic potential power generation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0027] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0028] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or can communicate with each other; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the description of the present disclosure, it is necessary to understand that the terms "longitudinal", "length", "circumferential", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the subsystem or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0030] Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or configurations will be omitted when they may cause confusion in the understanding of the present disclosure. The shapes, sizes, and positional relationships of the components in the drawings do not reflect the actual size, proportion, and actual positional relationship. In addition, in the claims, any reference symbol between brackets shall not be construed as a limitation to the claims.

[0031] Similarly, in order to simplify the present disclosure and help understand one or more of the various disclosed aspects, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the various features of the present disclosure are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. The description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the feature. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] The disclosed embodiments provide a high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaic power generation, including: acquiring natural data of various regions; selecting a target region suitable for deploying floating photovoltaic power generation by analyzing the natural data; calculating whether there is a power gap in the target region based on power demand data and existing power generation of each target region; if there is a power gap in the target region, calculating the cost required to build a floating photovoltaic power station under different simulation scenarios based on an objective function; and determining the best strategy for building a floating photovoltaic power station in the target region based on the calculation results.

[0034] Figure 1 The flowchart of the high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the power system optimization method based on the site selection of biomass energy power generation facilities in this embodiment includes operations S110 to S150.

[0036] In operation S110 , natural data of each region is acquired.

[0037] In some embodiments, for example, the required natural data can be obtained from open source websites (such as geospatial data platforms, resource and environmental data platforms, etc.). The natural data may include topography, vector data of lakes and reservoirs (including latitude and longitude data of each lake and reservoir, water area, etc.), solar radiation data, wind speed and surface temperature data, etc.

[0038] In operation S120 , a target area suitable for deploying floating photovoltaic power generation is selected by analyzing natural data.

[0039] In some embodiments, the acquired natural data is cleaned and organized, and the cleaned and organized natural data is analyzed to select a target area suitable for deploying floating photovoltaic power generation.

[0040] Based on the vector data of lakes and reservoirs, detailed information of each lake and reservoir is obtained, and the historical changes of each lake / reservoir are determined based on the detailed information. The detailed information may be, for example, time series data, including changes in the area, shape, location and other attributes of the lake / reservoir at different time points. By analyzing the lake / reservoir in detail, the historical changes of the lake / reservoir are obtained, including annual ice period data, water area, seasonal water volume change data, etc.

[0041] The historical changes and water area of ​​the lake / reservoir are compared with the preset thresholds to obtain a first relationship between the historical changes / water area and the preset conditions, and the first relationship is screened based on the first condition, and the area where the lake / reservoir is located where the first relationship meets the first condition is determined as the target area.

[0042] The preset thresholds may include, for example, a first threshold corresponding to the annual freezing time, a second threshold corresponding to the water area, and a third threshold corresponding to the seasonal water volume change. The preset thresholds are compared with the historical changes and water area of ​​the lake / water area, respectively, to obtain the first relationship corresponding to each preset threshold (i.e., the historical changes of the lake / water area and the relationship between the water area and the preset threshold). When the first relationships corresponding to the preset thresholds all meet the first condition, the area where the lake / water area is located is determined as the target area. Among them, the first condition is: the annual freezing period of the lake / water area is less than the first threshold, the water area is greater than the second threshold, and the seasonal water volume change is less than the third threshold. When the lake / reservoir meets the first condition, it means that the lake / reservoir is suitable for power generation, and the area where the lake / reservoir is located is the target area.

[0043] In operation S130 , it is calculated whether there is a power shortage in each target area according to the power demand data and the existing power generation capacity of each target area.

[0044] In some embodiments, the power demand of the target area can be obtained through historical data analysis or prediction models, and the fixed power generation facility data in the target area can be obtained, and the current power generation of the target area can be calculated based on the fixed power generation facility data. The current power generation of the target area is compared with the power demand data to determine the power shortage of the target area.

[0045] Figure 2A conceptual diagram of floating photovoltaic compensation for power shortage in an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the stationary power generation facilities may include, for example, nuclear power, carbon capture and storage of bioenergy, and coal-to-heat combined power plants with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. The power gap data is determined by the power generation of the stationary power generation facilities and the power demand data of the target area.

[0047] In operation S140 , when there is a power shortage in the target area, the costs required for constructing a floating photovoltaic power station under different simulation scenarios are calculated based on the objective function.

[0048] In some embodiments, if there is a power gap in the target area, a floating photovoltaic power station can be deployed in the target area to make up for the power gap left by the fixed power generation layer. Considering different natural factors such as light conditions, water temperature, wind speed, water level changes, and the installation and operation and maintenance costs of floating photovoltaic power stations, multiple simulation scenarios are set. The deployment plans of floating photovoltaic power stations under different simulation scenarios are different, and each simulation scenario includes at least one deployment plan of floating photovoltaic power stations. Among them, the deployment plan at least includes the construction status, grid connection status, transmission line status, power storage plan, etc. of the floating photovoltaic power station. And based on the objective function, the cost required to build a floating photovoltaic power station under each deployment plan is calculated separately.

[0049] The cost of building a floating photovoltaic power station includes the construction cost, transportation cost and storage cost of floating photovoltaics. The objective function includes the power generation cost of floating photovoltaics, the grid connection cost of newly deployed power stations, the cost of inter-provincial transmission lines, the fuel cost outside the necessary operating time, the change of fixed capacity cost, the backup capacity cost and the power storage cost. According to the function results, the potential construction sites of floating photovoltaics with lower total costs can be selected to build power stations and connect to the grid. The expression of the objective function is:

[0050] f = ∑CI + ∑PT + ∑FT + ∑TT + ∑CS + ∑VC + ∑TC + ∑CR + c

[0051] Among them, f is the cost required to build a floating photovoltaic power station, CI is the annual cost of power station installation; PT is the annual cost of inter-provincial transmission; FT is the annual cost of branch line transmission; TT is the annual cost of trunk transmission; CS is the annual cost of power storage; VC is the annual total variable cost of generator operation; TC is the annual total cost of generator operation; CR is the annual total cost of reserve power generation layer; c is a fixed number, representing the company's annual total capital cost of generators and the variable cost of time.

[0052] In the specific implementation process, the construction cost and power generation cost of each floating photovoltaic power station, the power storage cost and the levelized cost of electricity of each photovoltaic power station can be estimated based on the capacity factor of each photovoltaic and the cost of response. The construction cost, operation cost and maintenance cost of floating photovoltaic power stations are important parameters for calculating the levelized cost of electricity. However, with the advancement of technology, the levelized cost of electricity of photovoltaic power generation is expected to continue to decrease, so the levelized cost of electricity will also continue to change.

[0053] The cost of power transmission mainly includes the transmission cost between different regions (such as between provinces), the transmission cost of the trunk line and the transmission cost of the branch line. In actual applications, many floating photovoltaic construction sites may be located in remote areas far away from the load center. It is necessary to transmit the power of the photovoltaic power station to the nearest substation through the branch line, and then transmit the power of the substation to the main node through the trunk line. Therefore, when calculating the transmission cost, it is necessary to calculate the cost of transmitting power through the branch line and the trunk line.

[0054] Load centers and main nodes are related to geographical locations. Cities above the prefecture level are usually regarded as load centers, and provincial capitals or important regional cities are regarded as higher-level main nodes. In the deployment plan of the simulation scenario, each photovoltaic power station can be assigned to the nearest load center, and then the load center is matched to the main node at the provincial level to ensure that the overall transmission distance from the floating photovoltaic power station to the main node is the shortest.

[0055] The construction costs of the branch and trunk lines are calculated based on the required capacity for transmission, and these costs are included in the objective function of the optimization model. For the branch line connecting the battery and the substation, its capacity can be obtained by calculating the total capacity selected in the unit multiplied by the maximum hourly capacity factor of the battery. For the trunk line connecting the substation and the main node, its capacity depends on the peak output of the total capacity of all units connected to the substation.

[0056] In operation S150 , an optimal strategy for constructing a floating photovoltaic power station in a target area is determined based on the calculation result.

[0057] In some embodiments, based on the calculation results of the objective function, the optimal strategy for deploying the floating photovoltaic power station is determined to achieve high-resolution site selection for the floating photovoltaic power station. The floating photovoltaic power station deployed based on the optimal strategy has more beneficial performance in terms of both power generation potential and economic benefits, and can provide an effective reference for the construction of floating photovoltaic power stations in actual scenarios.

[0058] The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include operations S160 to S180.

[0059] In operation S160 , after determining the best strategy for constructing a floating photovoltaic power station in the target area, the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station deployed according to the best strategy is calculated.

[0060] In operation S170 , it is determined whether there is a power gap in the target area based on the potential power generation amount.

[0061] In operation S180, when there is a power shortage in the target area, other modes of power generation are used to make up for the power shortage.

[0062] In some embodiments, after determining the optimal strategy for the floating photovoltaic power station in the target area, the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station under the simulation scenario may be further calculated to determine whether there is a power gap in the target area.

[0063] In the specific implementation process, calculating the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station includes: collecting spatial point data of lakes and reservoirs in the target area; and determining the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station based on the spatial point data and solar radiation data.

[0064] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the principle of floating photovoltaic potential power generation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, for example, python software can be used to extract the spatial point data of lakes and reservoirs (for example, the longitude and latitude and area of ​​lakes and reservoirs) and solar radiation data, where the solar radiation data includes direct solar radiation data and scattered solar radiation data. The zenith angle of the point is calculated according to the longitude and latitude of the lake / reservoir, and the area where floating photovoltaic panels can be deployed is calculated according to the area of ​​the lake and reservoir. The total solar radiation intensity GHI is calculated using the solar zenith angle, direct solar radiation data and scattered solar radiation data. The calculation formula for the total solar radiation intensity is:

[0066] GHI=DHI+DNI*cosθ

[0067] Among them, DHI is the direct solar radiation data, DNI is the scattered solar radiation data, and θ is the solar zenith angle.

[0068] After obtaining the total solar radiation intensity, the potential power generation Power of the floating photovoltaic power station is determined based on the total solar radiation intensity and the area where the floating photovoltaic panels can be deployed. The expression of the potential power generation Power is:

[0069] Power = GHI * area * module conversion rate * comprehensive conversion efficiency

[0070] Among them, the area is the area where the photovoltaic panels are deployed, the component conversion rate is the efficiency of converting solar radiation into electrical energy, and the comprehensive conversion rate is the efficiency of the overall output.

[0071] Based on the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station, it is determined whether there is a power gap in the target area. If there is a power gap, other modes of power generation can be further used to make up for the power gap. Among them, other modes of power generation can include, for example, land photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, hydropower generation and surplus thermal power generation. When making up for the power gap, the power gap can be made up in sequence according to the order preset in the power concept model.

[0072] The power conceptual model is shown in Table 1:

[0073]

[0074] In the power concept model, carbon capture and storage of nuclear energy, bioenergy, and coal-heat combined power plants with CCS technology are used as the first layer, which is a fixed power generation layer. The power of the power generation mode in this layer will be used first. However, the power generation in this layer cannot meet the power demand in most areas, so other modes of power generation are used to make up for the power gap after the fixed power generation layer supplies power. Floating photovoltaics are placed in the second layer of the model, which is also called the variable energy power generation layer. The purpose is to make up for the power gap left by the fixed power generation layer. Through the optimal deployment strategy, the potential power generation of floating photovoltaics is calculated and incorporated into the overall power grid, and the remaining power gap is calculated. After that, the power generation of the power generation modes of the third, fourth and fifth layers of the model is used in turn to fill the power gap data after the grid connection calculation of the previous layer. Finally, the remaining power gap is all filled by thermal power generation in the fifth layer.

[0075] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. However, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described above separately, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used in combination to advantage. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make a variety of substitutions and modifications, which should all be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain natural data for each region; Selecting a target area suitable for deploying floating photovoltaic power generation by analyzing the natural data; Calculate whether there is a power shortage in each target area based on the power demand data and existing power generation of each target area; In the case where there is a power shortage in the target area, the cost required to build a floating photovoltaic power station under different simulation scenarios is calculated based on the objective function; Based on the calculation results, the optimal strategy for constructing a floating photovoltaic power station in the target area is determined.

2. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural data include vector data of lakes and reservoirs, solar radiation data, wind speed and surface temperature data.

3. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The selecting of a target area suitable for floating photovoltaic power generation by analyzing the natural data comprises: Obtaining historical changes of various lakes and reservoirs based on the vector data; A first relationship between the vector data and the historical change situation and a preset threshold is determined respectively, and when the first relationship satisfies a first condition, the area is determined to be a target area.

4. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculating whether there is a power shortage in each target area according to the power demand data and the existing power generation of each target area respectively includes: Acquire data of fixed power generation facilities in the target area; Calculating the existing power generation capacity of the target area based on the fixed power generation facility data; The existing power generation of the target area is compared with the power demand data to determine the power shortage situation of the target area.

5. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case where there is a power shortage in the target area, the cost required to build a floating photovoltaic power station under different simulation scenarios is calculated based on the objective function, including: Obtaining a deployment plan of a floating photovoltaic power station under each simulation scenario, wherein the deployment plan at least includes a grid connection condition, a power transmission line condition, and a power storage plan; The cost required to build a floating photovoltaic power station under this deployment plan is calculated based on the objective function.

6. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expression of the objective function is: f = ∑CI + ∑PT + ∑FT + ∑TT + ∑CS + ∑VC + ∑TC + ∑CR + c Among them, CI is the annual cost of power station installation; PT is the annual cost of inter-provincial transmission; FT is the annual cost of branch line transmission; TT is the annual cost of trunk line transmission; CS is the annual cost of power storage; VC is the annual total variable cost of generator operation; TC is the annual total cost of generator operation; CR is the annual total cost of reserve generation layer; c is a fixed number, representing the company's annual total capital cost of generators and the variable cost of time.

7. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: After determining an optimal strategy for constructing a floating photovoltaic power station in the target area, calculating the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station deployed according to the optimal strategy; Determining whether there is a power shortage in the target area based on the potential power generation; In the event that there is a power shortage in the target area, other modes of power generation are used to fill the power shortage.

8. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculating of the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station deployed according to the optimal strategy includes: Collect spatial point data of lakes and reservoirs in the target area; The potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station is determined based on the spatial point data and the solar radiation data.

9. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 8, characterized in that: The determining the potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station based on the spatial point data and the solar radiation data comprises: The zenith angle of the point and the area where floating photovoltaic panels can be deployed are calculated according to the latitude, longitude and area of ​​the lake and reservoir; Calculate the total solar radiation intensity based on the zenith angle and the solar radiation data; The potential power generation of the floating photovoltaic power station is determined according to the total solar radiation intensity and the area where the floating photovoltaic panels can be deployed.

10. The high-resolution site selection method for floating photovoltaics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The other modes of power generation include any one of land photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, hydropower generation and surplus thermal power generation.

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