Energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method, system, medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method, system, medium and equipment, relates to the technical field of environmental protection engineering, systematically covers the whole life cycle of technical operation by constructing a comprehensive technical classification system, and forms an integrated pollution reduction and carbon reduction technical system. Meanwhile, according to the method, through a perfect evaluation mechanism, the comprehensive emission reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases is coupled, and policy making of pollution reduction and carbon reduction cooperative treatment can be scientifically supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection engineering technology, and in particular to an energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method, system, medium and equipment. Background Art

[0002] The coordinated governance of pollution reduction and carbon reduction has become the focus of comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China and supporting high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment. The highly homogeneous emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases provide an entry point for the coordinated emission reduction of the current energy system. However, many studies have shown that both the end-of-pipe control technology of pollutants and greenhouse gases is mutually exclusive with the reduction of emissions of another pollutant. Process-oriented technology has become the key support for the coordinated reduction of energy pollutants and carbon emissions. Therefore, it is of far-reaching significance to build a technical system and evaluation method system for energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and to comprehensively and systematically evaluate the potential for pollution and carbon reduction.

[0003] Energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies are usually evaluated for one or more technologies, without systematically considering the mutual influence of the development trends of energy in production, transformation and consumption. They often only focus on single process technologies such as source, process and end, and rarely consider the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction of the whole process energy technology. The above limitations lead to the lack of sophistication and coarse granularity of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system, which makes it difficult to fully cover the pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies in the energy field. In addition, existing studies are not comprehensive in potential assessment, usually focusing on a certain type of pollutant or a certain greenhouse gas. There are few studies on multiple pollutants, multiple greenhouse gases and coupled pollution and carbon evaluation methods to identify the emission reduction potential of various technologies. The above limitations lead to the lack of accuracy and incomplete elements of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation system, which makes it difficult to scientifically support the formulation of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction coordinated governance policies. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned practical needs, there is an urgent need for a system of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system construction and evaluation methods. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the incomplete potential assessment of the above-mentioned existing technologies, research is usually conducted on a certain type of pollutant or a certain greenhouse gas, and there are few studies on multiple pollutants, multiple greenhouse gases, and coupled pollution-carbon evaluation methods to identify the emission reduction potential of various technologies. As a result, the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation system is not accurate enough, the elements are not comprehensive, and it is difficult to scientifically support the formulation of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction coordinated governance policies. The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method, system, medium and equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Determine the scope of energy technology according to the target object and obtain technical data on energy production, transformation and utilization;

[0007] According to the data of energy production, conversion and utilization technology, the classification of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system is confirmed, and the classification results of pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanism are obtained based on the technical and environmental characteristics of energy conversion and utilization technology;

[0008] Based on the technical characteristics of energy conversion and utilization technologies, determine the accounting scope of emission types of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, build a technical parameter database, obtain emission parameter factors of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, and form a parameter factor library;

[0009] Based on the technical parameter database and parameter factor library, a full life cycle accounting model for energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emission data is constructed. Combined with the type of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology and the corresponding application time, the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emissions are determined, and compared with the emissions of traditional pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies to obtain the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies;

[0010] Based on the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, principal component analysis is used to determine the emission reduction potential characteristics; based on the emission reduction potential characteristics, combined with the social cost analysis method, the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation results are obtained.

[0011] The types of emissions from the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies include atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases;

[0012] The emission reductions based on energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies include the emission reductions of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions;

[0013] Determining the emission reduction potential characteristics comprises the following steps:

[0014] Based on the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, a data list of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies is constructed;

[0015] Based on the global warming potential of greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants, the greenhouse gas and atmospheric pollution reduction potential of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies is normalized and calculated as follows:

[0016] The greenhouse gas and air pollution reduction potential of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology is combined with principal component analysis to determine the emission reduction potential characteristics.

[0017] The pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanisms are divided into source substitution, process control and end-of-pipe treatment.

[0018] Determining the emission reduction potential characteristics comprises the following steps:

[0019] The results of the reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases are calculated separately, and the energy production, conversion and utilization technologies are evaluated from the perspectives of comprehensive pollutants and carbon emissions, and a list of assessments of the pollution and carbon reduction potential of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies is constructed;

[0020] When the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results show that atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases can be reduced at the same time, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged to be a pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology with a synergistic effect;

[0021] When the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results show that only atmospheric pollutants have achieved emission reduction, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged to be a pollution reduction and carbon increase technology, which has an antagonistic effect;

[0022] When the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results show that only greenhouse gas emissions are reduced, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged to be a carbon reduction and pollution increase technology, which has an antagonistic effect;

[0023] When the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results show that no reduction in atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases has been achieved, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged as a non-pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology.

[0024] The step of obtaining the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation results comprises the following steps:

[0025] Classify the pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology types according to the determination results, and build a database of energy production, transformation and utilization technology inventories with different emission reduction potential types;

[0026] The potential for reducing atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases is normalized and converted into monetary units. A comprehensive assessment is conducted by coupling comprehensive pollutants and carbon emissions through social cost analysis. The model for comprehensive assessment is as follows:

[0027] TDB ij =∑ k APDP ijk APMV j +∑ k GDP ijk ·CMV j

[0028] In the formula, i represents technology, j represents year, k represents pollutant, and TDB ij The total emission reduction benefit of technology i in year j, APDP ijk The APMV represents the potential for air pollutant removal by technology i for pollutant k and year j; j represents the pollution and environmental protection tax in year j; GGDP ijk GMV represents the greenhouse gas emission reduction potential of technology i for pollutant k and year j; j represents the carbon market price in year j.

[0029] The formula for constructing a full life cycle accounting model for energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emission data is:

[0030]

[0031] Where i represents technology, j represents year, k represents pollutant, l represents upstream, m represents downstream, NGE ijk The data of the greenhouse gas emissions of pollutant k, technology j, and technology i over the entire life cycle are based on functional units. ijl represents the activity data of upstream technology i in year j, IPE jkl The emission factor representing the activity data of upstream pollutant k in year j, TE ijk represents the direct emission of pollutant k by technology i in year j, FPA ijm represents the activity data of downstream technology i in year j, FPE jkm represents the emission factor of downstream pollutant k in year j, P ij represents the output of products with technology i in year j.

[0032] By comparing the emission of traditional pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies can be obtained. The formula is:

[0033] GGE ijk =TGE ijk -NGE ijk

[0034] Among them, GGE ijk TGE is the greenhouse gas emission reduction of energy production, conversion and utilization technology of pollutant k and technology j in year i. ijk It represents the greenhouse gas emissions of traditional technology over the entire life cycle of technology i in pollutant k and year j.

[0035] An energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation system, comprising:

[0036] The data confirmation module is used to obtain energy production, conversion and utilization technology data according to the determined energy technology scope; confirm the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system classification according to the energy production, conversion and utilization technology data, and obtain the pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanism classification results based on the technical characteristics and environmental characteristics of the energy conversion and utilization technology; determine the accounting scope of the emission type of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology based on the technical characteristics of the energy conversion and utilization technology, build a technical parameter database, obtain the emission parameter factors of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology, and form a parameter factor library;

[0037] The analysis and processing module is used to construct a full life cycle accounting model for energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emission data based on the technical parameter database and parameter factor library, determine the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emissions based on the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology type and the corresponding application time, and compare it with the emissions of traditional pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies to obtain the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies;

[0038] The evaluation and processing module uses principal component analysis to determine the emission reduction potential characteristics based on the emission reduction of energy-based pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies; based on the emission reduction potential characteristics, combined with the social cost analysis method, the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation results are obtained.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it realizes the systematic construction of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system, covers the entire life cycle of technology operation, forms an integrated pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system, can scientifically evaluate the comprehensive emission reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases, and eliminate the heterogeneity between species. It improves the refinement of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system, making it more comprehensive and systematic, and helps to more accurately identify and evaluate pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies.

[0040] By comprehensively considering the reduction of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases, it can support the formulation of policies for coordinated pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and promote the synergistic effect of environmental protection and climate change response. It has promoted the green development of the energy industry, helped promote industrial structure adjustment and high-quality development, and achieved a win-win situation for the environment and the economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process framework of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies are usually evaluated for one or more technologies, without systematically considering the mutual influence of the development trends of energy in production, transformation and consumption. They often only focus on single process technologies such as source, process and end, and rarely consider the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction of the whole process energy technology. The above limitations lead to the lack of sophistication and coarse granularity of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system, which makes it difficult to fully cover the pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies in the energy field. In addition, existing studies are not comprehensive in potential assessment, usually focusing on a certain type of pollutant or a certain greenhouse gas. There are few studies on multiple pollutants, multiple greenhouse gases and coupled pollution and carbon evaluation methods to identify the emission reduction potential of various technologies. The above limitations lead to the lack of accuracy and incomplete elements of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation system, which makes it difficult to scientifically support the formulation of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction coordinated governance policies. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned practical needs, there is an urgent need for a system of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system construction and evaluation methods.

[0045] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Obtain technical data on energy production, conversion and utilization based on the determined energy technology scope;

[0047] According to the data of energy production, conversion and utilization technology, the classification of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system is confirmed, and the classification results of pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanism are obtained based on the technical and environmental characteristics of energy conversion and utilization technology;

[0048] Based on the technical characteristics of energy conversion and utilization technologies, determine the accounting scope of emission types of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, build a technical parameter database, obtain emission parameter factors of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, and form a parameter factor library;

[0049] Based on the technical parameter database and parameter factor library, a full life cycle accounting model for energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emission data is constructed. Combined with the type of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology and the corresponding application time, the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emissions are determined, and compared with the emissions of traditional pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies to obtain the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies;

[0050] Based on the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, principal component analysis is used to determine the emission reduction potential characteristics; based on the emission reduction potential characteristics, combined with the social cost analysis method, the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation results are obtained.

[0051] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0052] Example:

[0053] The energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method provided by the present invention, when it is applied specifically, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology therein is also the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0054] S1. Determine the scope of energy technology based on the target object, and build a list of energy production, transformation and utilization technologies based on the characteristics of primary energy production, secondary transformation and terminal consumption.

[0055] S2. Based on the energy flow characteristics, carbon pollution migration patterns, environmental governance and resource utilization levels of the energy production, conversion and utilization technology inventory technologies, clarify the classification of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system, and divide the pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanisms into source substitution, process control and end-of-pipe governance.

[0056] S3. Determine the accounting scope of atmospheric pollutants for energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, normalize them according to the pollutant equivalent values ​​of different atmospheric pollutants, compare the emission reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants for different energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, and form an evaluation method for atmospheric pollutant emission reduction potential.

[0057] S4. Determine the scope of greenhouse gas accounting for energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, normalize them according to the global warming potential equivalents of different greenhouse gases, compare the greenhouse gas emission reduction potential of different energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, and form a greenhouse gas emission reduction potential evaluation method.

[0058] S5. Based on the assessment of the emission reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases based on energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, the assessment of the synergistic emission reduction potential of pollution and carbon is obtained through coupling to determine the emission reduction potential characteristics.

[0059] S6. Based on the characteristics of emission reduction potential, the social cost analysis method is used to eliminate the species differences between atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases, and the comprehensive carbon emission reduction potential of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies is obtained by normalization.

[0060] Among them, S1, according to the target object, determine the scope of energy technology, and build a list of energy production, transformation and utilization technologies based on the characteristics of primary energy production, secondary transformation and terminal consumption.

[0061] The specific method of step S1 is as follows:

[0062] S1.1. Investigate the national and provincial recommended catalogs of industrial energy-saving technologies and equipment, carbon neutrality technology databases, pollution reduction and carbon reduction literature, and other materials to determine the scope of energy technologies. Based on the characteristics of primary energy production, secondary conversion, and terminal consumption, a list of energy production, conversion, and utilization technologies is formed.

[0063] S2. Based on the energy flow characteristics, carbon pollution migration patterns, environmental governance and resource utilization levels of the energy production, conversion and utilization technology inventory technologies, clarify the classification of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system, and divide the pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanisms into source substitution, process control and end-of-pipe governance.

[0064] Furthermore, the specific method of step S2 is as follows:

[0065] S2.1. Based on the energy flow characteristics of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, the migration patterns of carbon pollutants, and the levels of environmental governance and resource utilization, the coordinated emission reduction mechanism is divided into source substitution technology, process control technology and end-of-pipe governance technology.

[0066] S2.2 If this type of energy production, conversion and utilization technology is to replace traditional fuels through raw materials, or replace part of green energy, then this type of technology is source substitution technology. Source substitution uses clean and low-carbon raw materials or energy to replace traditional energy, and does not cause disruptive changes to the operation of the technology. It mainly includes raw material substitution technology and fuel substitution technology.

[0067] S2.3. If this type of energy production, conversion and utilization technology is to improve energy efficiency in the process and to make disruptive changes to the process, then this type of technology belongs to process control technology. The traditional role of process control is to improve the efficiency of energy production and consumption, and the innovative role is to reengineer the process flow, mainly including energy-saving and efficiency-enhancing technology and process reengineering technology.

[0068] S2.4. If this type of energy production, conversion and utilization technology adopts ultra-low emission or post-combustion capture, resource recycling and reuse, and product structure adjustment, then this type of technology belongs to end-of-pipe treatment technology. End-of-pipe treatment refers to end-of-pipe treatment that is not used alone, optimization of product structure and reuse of waste resources. Specifically, it includes resource recycling technology, end-of-pipe treatment technology, and product structure optimization technology.

[0069] S3. Determine the accounting scope of atmospheric pollutants for energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, normalize them according to the pollutant equivalent values ​​of different atmospheric pollutants, compare the emission reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants for different energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, and form an evaluation method for atmospheric pollutant emission reduction potential.

[0070] Furthermore, the specific method of step S3 is as follows:

[0071] S3.1. Based on the list of energy production, transformation and utilization technologies, determine the scope of atmospheric pollutant accounting for energy production, transformation and utilization technologies, obtain the process and atmospheric pollutant emissions of the entire life cycle of primary production, secondary transformation and terminal consumer material flows, including data on energy consumption of raw and auxiliary materials, wastewater and waste gas emissions, and solid waste treatment and disposal during the production, transformation and utilization process, build an energy production, transformation and utilization technology parameter database, and further evaluate the parameter quality. If the uncertainty of the parameter database exceeds the preset warning line, the parameter is judged to be unqualified and it is necessary to re-enter S3.1 to obtain data, otherwise enter S3.3.

[0072] S3.2. Determine the energy production, conversion and utilization technology atmospheric pollutant emission parameter factors based on the energy production, conversion and utilization technology parameters in S3.1 to form an energy production, conversion and utilization technology parameter factor library, and further evaluate the parameter factor quality. If the uncertainty of the parameter factor database exceeds the preset warning line, the factor is judged to be unqualified and needs to be re-entered into S3.2 to obtain the factor, otherwise enter S3.3.

[0073] S3.3. Based on the energy production, transformation and utilization technical parameter database and parameter factor database, the full life cycle accounting model of air pollutants is constructed as follows:

[0074]

[0075] Where i represents technology, j represents year, k represents pollutant, l represents upstream, and m represents downstream; NAE ijkIPA represents the data of air pollutant emissions of pollutant k, technology i, over the entire life cycle based on functional units. ijl represents the activity data of upstream technology i in year j, IPE jkl The emission factor representing the activity data of upstream pollutant k in year j, TE ijk represents the direct emission of pollutant k by technology i in year j, FPA ijm represents the activity data of downstream technology i in year j, FPE jkm represents the emission factor of downstream pollutant k in year j, P ij represents the output of products with technology i in year j.

[0076] S3.4. Based on the full life cycle accounting model of atmospheric pollutants in S3.3, calculate the emissions of atmospheric pollutants from energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, compare the differences between traditional technologies and energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, and calculate the difference between the two. The formula is as follows:

[0077] APE ijk =TAE ijk -NAE ijk

[0078] Among them, APE ijk TAE is the amount of air pollutant reduction for energy production, conversion and utilization technology of pollutant k, year j, technology i ijk It represents the emission of atmospheric pollutants from traditional technology over the entire life cycle of technology i in pollutant k and year j.

[0079] S3.5. Based on the reduction of air pollutant emissions from energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, a data list of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies is constructed. Based on the pollutant equivalent value, the comprehensive pollutant reduction potential of each air pollutant of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies is calculated in a normalized manner:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, APDP ijk ETV is the potential for reducing air pollutant emissions by technology i for pollutant k and year j. ijk It represents the pollutant equivalent of pollutant k and technology j in year i.

[0082] S4. Determine the scope of greenhouse gas accounting for energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, normalize them according to the global warming potential equivalents of different greenhouse gases, compare the greenhouse gas emission reduction potential of different energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, and form a greenhouse gas emission reduction potential evaluation method.

[0083] Furthermore, the specific method of step S4 is as follows:

[0084] S4.1. Based on the list of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, determine the scope of greenhouse gas accounting for energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, obtain the process and greenhouse gas emissions of the entire life cycle of primary production, secondary conversion and terminal consumer material flows, including data on energy consumption of raw and auxiliary materials, wastewater and waste gas emissions, and solid waste treatment and disposal during the production, conversion and utilization process, build an energy production, conversion and utilization technology parameter database, and further evaluate the parameter quality. If the uncertainty of the parameter database exceeds the preset warning line, the parameter is judged to be unqualified and it is necessary to re-enter S4.1 to obtain data, otherwise enter S4.3.

[0085] S4.2. Determine the greenhouse gas emission parameter factors of energy production, conversion and utilization technology based on the energy production, conversion and utilization technology parameters in S4.1 to form an energy production, conversion and utilization technology parameter factor library, and further evaluate the quality of the parameter factors. If the uncertainty of the parameter factor database exceeds the preset warning line, the factor is judged to be unqualified and needs to be re-entered into S4.2 to obtain the factor, otherwise enter S4.3.

[0086] S4.3. Based on the energy production, transformation and utilization technical parameter database and parameter factor database, a greenhouse gas life cycle accounting model is constructed as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Where i represents technology, j represents year, k represents pollutant, l represents upstream, and m represents downstream. ijk The data of the greenhouse gas emissions of pollutant k, technology j, and technology i over the entire life cycle are based on functional units. ijl represents the activity data of upstream technology i in year j, IPE jkl The emission factor representing the activity data of upstream pollutant k in year j, TE ijk represents the direct emission of pollutant k by technology i in year j, FPA ijm represents the activity data of downstream technology i in year j, FPE jkm represents the emission factor of downstream pollutant k in year j, P ij represents the output of products with technology i in year j.

[0089] S4.4. Based on the greenhouse gas life cycle accounting model in S4.3, calculate the greenhouse gas emissions of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, compare the differences between traditional technologies and energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, and calculate the difference between the two. The formula is as follows:

[0090] GGE ijk =TGE ijk -NGE ijk

[0091] Among them, GGEijk TGE is the greenhouse gas emission reduction of energy production, conversion and utilization technology of pollutant k and technology j in year i. ijk It represents the greenhouse gas emissions of traditional technology over the entire life cycle of technology i in pollutant k and year j.

[0092] S4.5. Based on the greenhouse gas emission reduction of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, a data list of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies is constructed. Based on the global warming potential of greenhouse gases, the comprehensive greenhouse gas emission reduction potential of each greenhouse gas of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies is normalized and calculated:

[0093] GDP ijk =GGE ijk GWPV ik

[0094] Among them, GGDP ijk represents the greenhouse gas emission reduction potential of technology i for pollutant k in j year; GWPV ik It represents the GWP value of pollutant k and technology i on a 100-year time scale.

[0095] S5. Based on the assessment of the emission reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases based on energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, the assessment of the synergistic emission reduction potential of pollution and carbon is obtained through coupling, and the characteristics of the emission reduction potential are determined through importance analysis.

[0096] Furthermore, the specific method of step S5 is as follows:

[0097] S5.1. Based on the comprehensive pollutant and greenhouse gas emission reduction potentials calculated in S3 and S4, evaluate energy production, conversion and utilization technologies from the perspectives of comprehensive pollutants and carbon emissions, and construct an assessment list of pollution and carbon emission reduction potentials of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies;

[0098] S5.2. If the technology can simultaneously reduce emissions of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases based on the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is determined to be a pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology with a synergistic effect;

[0099] S5.3. If the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results of the technology only achieve emission reduction of atmospheric pollutants, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged to be a pollution reduction and carbon increase technology with an antagonistic effect;

[0100] S5.4. If the technology's comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results only achieve greenhouse gas emission reduction, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged to be a carbon reduction and pollution reduction technology with an antagonistic effect;

[0101] S5.5. If the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results of the technology show that neither atmospheric pollutants nor greenhouse gases have been reduced, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology will be judged as a non-pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology.

[0102] S6. Based on the characteristics of emission reduction potential, the social cost analysis method is used to eliminate the species differences between atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases, and the comprehensive carbon emission reduction potential of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies is obtained by normalization.

[0103] Furthermore, the specific method of step S6 is as follows:

[0104] S6.1. Classify the pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology types according to the results of S5, and build a database of energy production, transformation and utilization technology inventory with different emission reduction potential types;

[0105] S6.2. According to S3 and S4, the comprehensive pollutant and comprehensive greenhouse gas emission reduction potentials are normalized and converted into monetary units. The comprehensive evaluation is carried out by coupling comprehensive pollutants and carbon emissions through economic equivalents, which can also be said to be social cost analysis. The constructed model is as follows:

[0106] TDB ij =∑ k APDP ijk APWV j +∑ k GDP ijk ·CMV jk

[0107] In the formula, i represents technology, j represents year, k represents pollutant, TBD ij The total emission reduction benefit of technology i in year j, APDP ijk The APMV represents the potential for air pollutant removal by technology i for pollutant k and year j; j represents the pollution and environmental protection tax in year j; GGDP ijk GMV represents the greenhouse gas emission reduction potential of technology i for pollutant k and year j; j represents the carbon market price in year j.

[0108] Embodiment 2:

[0109] Energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation of a cement enterprise,

[0110] First, determine the scope of energy technologies and obtain data;

[0111] Target audience: A cement company

[0112] Energy technology scope: Cement production process, including raw material production, energy consumption and waste emissions

[0113] Data acquisition, including:

[0114] Upstream raw material production: aluminum raw materials - clay, calcareous raw materials - limestone, etc.

[0115] Energy consumption: raw coal, diesel, electricity, etc.

[0116] Auxiliary materials: retarder-desulfurized gypsum, denitrification raw materials-ammonia water, etc.

[0117] Downstream waste discharge: solid waste

[0118] Secondly, the classification and mechanism division of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system;

[0119] Classification of technical system: Based on the energy flow characteristics and migration laws of carbon pollutants in the cement production process, pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies are divided into source substitution, process control and end-of-pipe treatment.

[0120] Mechanism division:

[0121] Source substitution: using low-grade raw materials to replace high-grade raw materials

[0122] Process control: Improve production process and increase energy efficiency

[0123] End-of-pipe treatment: Adopt high-efficiency dust removal, desulfurization, denitrification and other technologies

[0124] Then, determine the scope of emission type accounting and build a full life cycle accounting model;

[0125] Air pollutant accounting scope: particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide

[0126] Greenhouse gas accounting scope: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide

[0127] Accounting model construction: full life cycle accounting model for atmospheric pollutants and full life cycle accounting model for greenhouse gases.

[0128] and obtain emission reduction potential evaluation and characterization;

[0129] Calculate the emissions of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases from traditional technologies and energy production, conversion and utilization technologies such as high solid-gas ratio preheating and predecomposition calcination technology, and calculate the emission reductions.

[0130] Assessment of emission reduction potential, including:

[0131] Air pollutant reduction potential: particulate matter reduction of 10 tons / year, nitrogen oxide reduction of 5 tons / year, sulfur dioxide reduction of 3 tons / year

[0132] Greenhouse gas emission reduction potential: carbon dioxide emission reduction of 200,000 tons / year, methane emission reduction of 5,000 tons / year, nitrous oxide emission reduction of 3,000 tons / year

[0133] This technology belongs to the coordinated technology of pollution reduction and carbon reduction

[0134] Finally, the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation results are obtained; the atmospheric pollutant and greenhouse gas emission reduction potential is normalized and converted into monetary units:

[0135] Air pollutant emission reduction benefits: 100,000 yuan / year

[0136] Greenhouse gas emission reduction benefits: 2 million yuan / year

[0137] Combined emission reduction benefits of coupled comprehensive pollutants and carbon emissions: RMB 2.1 million / year

[0138] Unit emission reduction benefit: 64.6 yuan / ton, based on the production of 1 ton of cement.

[0139] The specific data list is as follows:

[0140] Table 1 Input-output table of energy production, conversion and utilization technology in cement industry

[0141] name Unit consumption unit Raw materials Denitrification raw material - ammonia 6.595E-04 t / t Retarder-desulfurized gypsum 0.057 t / t Limestone 0.423 t / t Sodium hypochlorite 2.120E-07 t / t Aluminum Raw Materials - Clay 0.059 t / t Polyaluminium chloride 2.100E-07 t / t Energy consumption diesel fuel 2.407E-05 t / t bituminous coal 0.038 t / t Power Consumption 58.738 kWh / t Exhaust Particles 2.429E-05 t / t NOx 1.762E-04 t / t <![CDATA[SO2]]> 1.082E-05 t / t <![CDATA[CO2]]> 3.850E-01 t / t <![CDATA[CH4]]> 1.022E-06 t / t <![CDATA[N2O]]> 1.530E-06 t / t

[0142] Table 2 Comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission reduction list

[0143] Pollutant Type name Emission reduction unit Air pollutants Particles 1.790E-03 t / t <![CDATA[SO2]]> 4.363E-03 t / t NOx 6.781E-04 t / t Greenhouse gases <![CDATA[CO2]]> 0.650 t / t <![CDATA[CH4]]> 2.168E-05 t / t <![CDATA[N2O]]> 1.960E-04 t / t

[0144] Table 3 Comprehensive list of pollutants and carbon emission reduction potential

[0145] Pollutant Type name Emission reduction potential unit Air pollutants Particles 8.211E-04 t / t <![CDATA[SO2]]> 4.592E-03 t / t NOx 7.137E-04 t / t total / 6.127E-03 t / t Greenhouse gases <![CDATA[CO2]]> 0.650 <![CDATA[tCO2-eq / t]]> <![CDATA[CH4]]> 6.070E-04 <![CDATA[tCO2-eq / t]]> <![CDATA[N2O]]> 0.052 <![CDATA[tCO2-eq / t]]> total / 0.703 <![CDATA[tCO2-eq / t]]>

[0146] From this implementation case, it can be seen that the method provided by the present invention can scientifically evaluate the energy, pollution and carbon reduction effects in the cement industry, and provide a basis for policy formulation and enterprise improvement.

[0147] Embodiment 3:

[0148] Emissions during the process of energy production, conversion and utilization include not only traditional air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, etc., but also greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. Therefore, how to conduct a systematic evaluation of pollution reduction and carbon reduction among different energy technologies has become a key issue in the current environmental protection and climate change response. The present invention provides a full life cycle assessment method based on energy production, conversion and utilization technology, which conducts a comprehensive emission reduction potential assessment of air pollutants and greenhouse gases for pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies in the energy field. This implementation is an application of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0149] Step S1: Determine the scope of energy technologies and build a list of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies

[0150] Target audience: Select a country's energy production, conversion and utilization technology range, such as China's thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic and biomass energy technologies.

[0151] The following data sources were investigated: national and local recommended catalogues of industrial energy-saving technologies and equipment; carbon neutrality technology databases; literature and case studies related to pollution reduction and carbon reduction.

[0152] Based on the characteristics of energy technologies, technologies are divided into the following categories:

[0153] Primary energy technology: such as the mining and primary processing of coal, natural gas and oil.

[0154] Secondary conversion technology: such as thermal power generation, wind power, photovoltaic power generation, etc.

[0155] End-use technologies: such as energy conversion equipment used in homes, businesses and industries.

[0156] Step S2: Determine the classification of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system

[0157] Energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies are systematically classified according to the energy flow characteristics of the technology, the migration laws of carbon pollutants, and the level of resource utilization:

[0158] Source substitution technologies: such as using wind power to replace coal-fired power generation, or using biomass to replace fossil fuels.

[0159] Process control technology: such as improving the efficiency of coal-fired power plants and reducing pollutant emissions during the combustion process.

[0160] End-of-pipe treatment technologies: such as flue gas desulfurization, denitrification technology (SCR), and carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS).

[0161] Step S3: Determine the method for assessing the potential for reducing air pollutant emissions

[0162] Clarify the boundaries of atmospheric pollutant accounting, including the emission sources, emission pathways and emission factors of various pollutants.

[0163] The equivalent values ​​of different pollutants are normalized to compare the emission reduction potential of different technologies. For example, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and other pollutants are converted into pollutant equivalents for unified assessment.

[0164] Based on the specific emission data of energy production and conversion technology, the pollutant emission reduction potential of the technology during its life cycle is evaluated.

[0165] For example, if the sulfur dioxide emissions of a certain technology are 50 tons and the equivalent value of this pollutant is 1, the emission reduction potential of this technology can be derived.

[0166] Step S4: Determine the method for assessing greenhouse gas emission reduction potential

[0167] Identify the sources of greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides and other greenhouse gases generated during the production, conversion, transportation and consumption of energy.

[0168] Normalization of Global Warming Potential (GWP): A unified assessment is made based on the global warming potential of different greenhouse gases. For example, the GWP of carbon dioxide is 1 and the GWP of methane is 25.

[0169] The emission reduction potential is assessed based on the carbon emissions of energy technologies and combined with the GWP value.

[0170] For example, if a technology emits 1,000 tons of carbon dioxide as greenhouse gas, and the technology reduces emissions of 500 tons of carbon dioxide, the emission reduction potential is 500 tons of carbon dioxide.

[0171] Step S5: Assessment of the potential for synergistic reduction of pollution and carbon emissions

[0172] Combine the reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases to evaluate the synergistic reduction benefits of technologies.

[0173] Pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology: If both atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases can be effectively reduced, it will be judged as a synergistic emission reduction technology.

[0174] Pollution reduction and carbon increase technology: If it only reduces pollutants but increases greenhouse gas emissions, it is a pollution reduction and carbon increase technology.

[0175] Carbon reduction and pollution increase technology: If it only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but increases pollutant emissions, it is a carbon reduction and pollution increase technology.

[0176] Step S6: Comprehensive evaluation and economic analysis

[0177] Monetization of emission reduction potential: The emission reduction potential of air pollutants and greenhouse gases is converted into monetary units through economic equivalents for comprehensive evaluation. For example:

[0178] Assuming that the carbon dioxide emission reduction potential of a certain technology is 1,000 tons and the carbon price in the market is 50 yuan / ton, the carbon emission reduction benefit of the technology is 50,000 yuan. At the same time, considering the pollutant emission reduction potential of the technology, an economic evaluation is conducted in combination with the pollution and environmental protection tax.

[0179] Technologies with different emission reduction potentials are classified and a database is established to facilitate selection and decision-making by policymakers.

[0180] Taking the technology assessment list as an example, the following three energy production, conversion and utilization technologies were assessed:

[0181] Thermal power technology of traditional coal-fired power plants, wind power technology of wind power generation and biomass power generation technology using agricultural waste.

[0182] Table 4 Data on potential reduction of air pollutants

[0183]

[0184] Table 5 Greenhouse gas emission reduction potential data

[0185] technology Carbon dioxide emissions (tons / year) Emission reduction potential (tons / year) Thermal Power Technology 15000 0 Wind power technology 0 15000 Biomass power generation technology 5000 10000

[0186] According to Tables 3 and 4, thermal power technology: the main pollutants reduced (SO2 and NO x ), but there is no significant carbon emission reduction, and it is a pollution reduction and carbon increase technology.

[0187] Wind power technology: It reduces emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases at the same time, and is a pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology.

[0188] Biomass power generation technology: reduces atmospheric pollutants, but the carbon emission reduction benefits are relatively low, and it is a carbon reduction and pollution reduction technology.

[0189] For the economic benefit assessment, it is estimated that the carbon market price will be 50 yuan / ton and the pollution tax will be 200 yuan / ton in 2024. The emission reduction benefit of wind power technology is: carbon emission reduction: 15,000 tons × 50 yuan / ton = 750,000 yuan.

[0190] Air pollutant reduction: Assuming SO2 emission reduction benefits are 200 yuan / ton, NO x The emission reduction benefit is 100 yuan / ton, and the wind power technology does not emit pollutants, so the emission reduction benefit is 400,000 yuan.

[0191] Comprehensive emission reduction benefits: 750,000 yuan + 400,000 yuan = 1,150,000 yuan.

[0192] The energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method provided by the present invention systematically considers the emission reduction potential of energy technology in the entire process of production, conversion and consumption, and provides a scientific basis for energy policy formulation by evaluating the emission reduction effects of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases. By classifying and identifying technology types and comprehensively evaluating technology benefits in combination with economic equivalents, it is helpful to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the energy industry and achieve a win-win situation for the economy and the environment.

[0193] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0194] The above embodiments are merely examples of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. All designs that are the same or similar to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the scope of energy technology according to the target object and obtain technical data on energy production, transformation and utilization; According to the data of energy production, conversion and utilization technology, the classification of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology system is confirmed, and the classification results of pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanism are obtained based on the technical and environmental characteristics of energy conversion and utilization technology; Based on the technical characteristics of energy conversion and utilization technologies, determine the accounting scope of emission types of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, build a technical parameter database, obtain emission parameter factors of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, and form a parameter factor library; Based on the technical parameter database and parameter factor library, a full life cycle accounting model for energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emission data is constructed. Combined with the type of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology and the corresponding application time, the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emissions are determined, and compared with the emissions of traditional pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies to obtain the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies; Based on the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, the characteristics of emission reduction potential are determined using principal component analysis; Based on the characteristics of emission reduction potential and combined with the social cost analysis method, the evaluation results of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction are obtained.

2. The energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The types of emissions from the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies include air pollutants and greenhouse gases; The emission reductions based on energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies include the emission reductions of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions; Determining the emission reduction potential characteristics comprises the following steps: Based on the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, a data list of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies is constructed; Based on the global warming potential of greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants, the greenhouse gas and atmospheric pollution reduction potential of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies is normalized and calculated as follows: The greenhouse gas and air pollution reduction potential of the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology is combined with principal component analysis to determine the emission reduction potential characteristics.

3. The energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanisms are divided into source substitution, process control and end-of-pipe treatment.

4. The energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determining the emission reduction potential characteristics comprises the following steps: The results of the reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases are calculated separately, and the energy production, conversion and utilization technologies are evaluated from the perspectives of comprehensive pollutants and carbon emissions, and a list of assessments of the pollution and carbon reduction potential of energy production, conversion and utilization technologies is constructed; When the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results show that atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases can be reduced at the same time, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged to be a pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology with a synergistic effect; When the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results show that only atmospheric pollutants have achieved emission reduction, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged to be a pollution reduction and carbon increase technology, which has an antagonistic effect; When the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results show that only greenhouse gas emissions are reduced, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged to be a carbon reduction and pollution increase technology, which has an antagonistic effect; When the comprehensive pollutant and carbon emission accounting results show that no reduction in atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases has been achieved, the energy production, conversion and utilization technology is judged as a non-pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology.

5. The energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for constructing a full life cycle accounting model for energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emission data is: Where i represents technology, j represents year, k represents pollutant, l represents upstream, m represents downstream, NGE ijk The data of the greenhouse gas emissions of pollutant k, technology j, and technology i over the entire life cycle are based on functional units. ijl represents the activity data of upstream technology i in year j, IPE jkl The emission factor representing the activity data of upstream pollutant k in year j, TE ijk represents the direct emission of pollutant k by technology i in year j, FPA ijm represents the activity data of downstream technology i in year j, FPE jkm represents the emission factor of downstream pollutant k in year j, P ij represents the output of products with technology i in year j.

6. The energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: By comparing the emission of traditional pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies, the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies can be obtained. The formula is: GGE ijk =TGE ijk -YOU ijk Among them, GHE ijk TGE is the greenhouse gas emission reduction of energy production, conversion and utilization technology of pollutant k and technology j in year i. ijk It represents the greenhouse gas emissions of traditional technology over the entire life cycle of technology i in pollutant k and year j.

7. The energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation results comprises the following steps: Classify the pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology types according to the determination results, and build a database of energy production, transformation and utilization technology inventory with different emission reduction potential types; The potential for reducing atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions is normalized and converted into monetary units, and the social cost analysis method is used to couple the comprehensive pollutants and carbon emissions for evaluation. The evaluation model is as follows: TDB ij =∑ k APDP ijk ·APMV j +∑ k GGDP ijk ·CMV j Where i represents technology, j represents year, k represents pollutant, TDB ij The total emission reduction benefit of technology i in year j, APDP ijk The APMV represents the potential for air pollutant removal by technology i for pollutant k and year j; j represents the pollution and environmental protection tax in year j; GGDP ijk GMV represents the greenhouse gas emission reduction potential of technology i for pollutant k and year j; j represents the carbon market price in year j.

8. An energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction evaluation system, characterized in that: include: The data confirmation module is used to determine the scope of energy technology according to the target object and obtain the energy production, conversion and utilization technology data; According to the data on energy production, conversion and utilization technologies, the classification of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology systems is confirmed, and based on the technical and environmental characteristics of energy conversion and utilization technologies, the results of the classification of pollution reduction and carbon reduction mechanisms are obtained; based on the technical characteristics of energy conversion and utilization technologies, the accounting scope of emission types of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies is determined, a technical parameter database is constructed, emission parameter factors of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies are obtained, and a parameter factor library is formed; The analysis and processing module is used to construct a full life cycle accounting model for energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emission data based on the technical parameter database and parameter factor library, determine the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology emissions based on the energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technology type and the corresponding application time, and compare it with the emissions of traditional pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies to obtain the emission reduction of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies; The evaluation and processing module uses principal component analysis to determine the emission reduction potential characteristics based on the emission reduction of energy-based pollution reduction and carbon reduction technologies; Based on the characteristics of emission reduction potential and combined with the social cost analysis method, the evaluation results of energy pollution reduction and carbon reduction are obtained.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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