Quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation benefit of hydropower station, power generation station and medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power station optimal scheduling, and particularly relates to a method for quantitatively evaluating the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of a hydropower station, a power generation station, and a medium. The method includes: obtaining a plurality of water turbine efficiency characteristics in the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface of the hydropower station, performing intraday optimal scheduling on the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target, and obtaining the actual water consumption corresponding to each water turbine efficiency characteristic after the hydropower station completes the scheduling; calculating the water consumption difference between each water turbine efficiency characteristic, calculating the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference, calculating the corresponding power generation benefit according to the power generation and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and generating an evaluation curve of the change in water turbine efficiency characteristic and the power generation benefit according to the power generation benefit. Thus, the influence of the change in water turbine efficiency characteristic on the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of the hydropower station is quantitatively evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power station optimal scheduling, and particularly relates to a method for quantitatively evaluating the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of a hydropower station, a power station and a medium. Background Art

[0002] Hydropower has the characteristics of stability, safety and low carbon. It is a "stabilizer" and "ballast" in the process of global energy transformation, and is also an important regulating energy to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and provide effective support for volatile new energy. In the operation and management of hydropower plants, the operation status and optimal scheduling of hydro-generator sets are key tasks, which will affect the economic operation of hydropower stations. In the optimization of unit operation in hydropower plants, the efficiency characteristics of water turbines, hydraulic losses, restricted operation areas, etc. will all have an impact on it. The efficiency characteristics of a water turbine refer to the ability of the water turbine to convert water energy into mechanical energy under different working conditions, usually described by an efficiency curve.

[0003] In related technology (1), in the patent "Method, device and storage medium for determining the starting sequence of hydro-generator sets" with the application number: CN202110867017.7, it is disclosed to determine the first starting sequence of multiple hydro-generator sets according to the respective operating efficiencies of the multiple hydro-generator sets to ensure both the equipment safety and economic benefits of the hydropower station, but it does not mention the impact of changes in the efficiency characteristics of water turbines on the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of the hydropower station.

[0004] In related technology (2), in the patent "A daily load distribution method for small hydropower stations based on the comprehensive characteristic curve of water turbines" with the application number CN202111191046.2, it is disclosed to obtain the efficiency characteristics of hydro-generator sets based on the comprehensive characteristic curve data of the units, establish a mathematical expression of relevant parameters in the operating conditions of the small hydropower station units, and improve the water condition constraints and unit operation constraints of the small hydropower station daily load distribution model, providing a new method and idea for the daily load distribution of small hydropower stations, but it does not mention the impact of changes in the efficiency characteristics of water turbines on the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of the hydropower station. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for quantitatively evaluating the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of a hydropower station, a hydropower station, a storage medium and a program, so as to quantitatively study the impact of changes in the efficiency characteristics of water turbines on the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of the hydropower station, which not only helps to provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also can provide a reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0006] An embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station, including the following steps: obtaining the comprehensive characteristic curve of the water turbine in the hydropower station, and performing spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve to obtain the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface; for multiple water turbine efficiency characteristics in the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface, performing intraday optimal dispatching on the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the dispatching target, and obtaining the actual water consumption corresponding to each water turbine efficiency characteristic after the hydropower station completes the dispatching; calculating the water consumption difference between the water turbine efficiency characteristics according to the actual water consumption corresponding to each water turbine efficiency characteristic, calculating the generated electricity corresponding to the water consumption difference, calculating the corresponding power generation benefit according to the generated electricity and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and generating an evaluation curve of the change in water turbine efficiency characteristics and the power generation benefit according to the power generation benefit.

[0007] Optionally, the objective function with the target water consumption as the dispatching target is:

[0008]

[0009] Wherein, W is the total water consumption of the power station, u is the unit number, t is the time period number, is the power generation flow rate of the u-th unit at time period t when the working head is and the output is ; is the working head of the u-th unit at time period t, is the output of the u-th unit at time period t, is the time period length, is the state of the u-th unit at time period t, is the state of the u-th unit at time period t - 1, and are the water consumptions during the start-up and shutdown processes of the u-th unit respectively, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of time periods in the dispatching period.

[0010] Optionally, the intraday optimal dispatching constraint conditions of the hydropower station include: power balance, water balance, reservoir capacity limit, flow limit, head limit, spinning reserve capacity limit, unit output limit, start-stop time limit of the hydropower unit and prohibited operation area limit, wherein,

[0011] The power balance constraint is:

[0012]

[0013] In the formula, is the total output of the hydropower station at the i-th moment, is the total load of the system at the i-th moment, $P_{i,u}$ is the output of the $u$-th unit at the $i$-th moment, $i$ is the period number, $u$ is the unit number, and $NU$ is the number of units in the hydropower station; $ST$ is the number of periods in the scheduling period;

[0014] Among them, the water balance constraint is:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, $V$ j and $V$ j-1 are the reservoir capacities of the hydropower station at the $j$-th period and the $(j - 1)$-th period respectively, and are the inflow and outflow of the hydropower station at the $j$-th period respectively, is the period length;

[0017] Among them, the discharge limit constraint is:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, and are the minimum and maximum discharges of the hydropower station respectively, is the discharge of the hydropower station at the $k$-th period, and are the minimum and maximum power generation flows of the hydropower station respectively, is the power generation flow of the hydropower station at the $k$-th period;

[0021] Among them, the head limit constraint is:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, is the net head at the $j$-th moment, is the net head of the $u$-th unit at the $j$-th moment, and are the minimum and maximum net heads of the hydroelectric unit;

[0024] Among them, the reservoir capacity limit constraint is:

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, is the reservoir water level of the hydropower station at the $k$-th period, and are the lowest water level and the highest water level of the reservoir respectively. Among them, the highest water level of the reservoir is the flood control limit water level and the normal storage water level during the flood season and other periods respectively. is the reservoir storage capacity at the kth time period. is the function of the reservoir storage capacity - water level relationship of the hydropower station.

[0028] Among them, the rotational reserve capacity constraint is:

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, is the unit number, NU is the number of units of the hydropower station, is the opening and closing state of the uth unit at the jth time period, The maximum stable output of the uth unit, is the minimum stable output of the uth unit, is the power generation plan at the jth time period, S j is the system rotational reserve capacity;

[0032] Among them, the output limit constraint of the hydropower unit is:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, is the maximum stable output of the uth unit, is the minimum stable output of the uth unit, is the output of the uth unit at the jth time period, is the efficiency of the hydropower unit u at the jth time period, is the relationship between the efficiency of the hydropower unit and the net head and flow rate, is the flow rate of the hydropower unit u at the jth time period, is the net head of the hydropower unit u at the jth time period;

[0036] Among them, the start - stop time constraint of the hydropower unit is:

[0037]

[0038] In the formula, and are the continuous working and shutdown durations of the hydropower unit u respectively, and are the minimum continuous working and shutdown durations of the hydropower unit u respectively;

[0039] Among them, the no - operation zone constraint is:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, are respectively the lower and upper limits of the j-th prohibited operation area of the hydropower unit u at the k-th moment, is the output of the u-th unit in the j-th period.

[0042] Optionally, the daily optimization scheduling of the hydropower station includes unit commitment and load distribution. Among them, the daily optimization scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target includes: adjusting the operating states of each unit according to the spinning reserve capacity constraint and the start-stop time constraint of the hydropower unit until the operating states of all time nodes of different hydropower units meet the spinning reserve capacity of the hydropower unit and also meet the requirements of the minimum shutdown time and the maximum operating time of the unit.

[0043] Optionally, the daily optimization scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target includes: calculating the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit at a specific flow rate and head according to the efficiency characteristics of the water turbine; calculating the output of the hydropower unit according to the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit, and performing load distribution with the target water consumption as the scheduling target according to the output of the hydropower unit.

[0044] Optionally, calculating the generated electricity corresponding to the water consumption difference includes:

[0045]

[0046] where W hydro is the generated electricity that can be produced by the water consumption saved in one day, is the efficiency, Q is the flow rate, H is the head, and t is the power generation duration.

[0047] Optionally, the expression of the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface obtained by spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve is:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula, is the estimated value at the point (x0, y0), r is the distance between the prediction point and the sample point, i is the sample number, n represents the number of prediction points, is the efficiency at the given point (x, y), is the weight factor, is the interpolation function, are respectively the flow rate and the net head.

[0050] In a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, a power station is provided, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the program to implement the method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station as described in the above embodiments.

[0051] In a third aspect embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and the program is executed by a processor to execute the method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station as described in the above embodiments.

[0052] In a fourth aspect embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program or instruction, characterized in that when the computer program or instruction is executed, it implements the method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station as described in the above embodiments.

[0053] Thus, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0054] In the embodiments of the present invention, according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model, the turbine efficiency characteristics can be obtained through spatial interpolation; then, based on the turbine efficiency characteristics, the daily optimization scheduling of the hydropower station is carried out with the goal of the lowest water consumption, and the lowest daily water consumption at this time is recorded; then, the turbine efficiency characteristics are changed, the difference of the turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the daily optimization scheduling of the hydropower station is carried out again with the goal of the lowest water consumption, and the lowest daily water consumption at this time is recorded; finally, the difference in the lowest water consumption of the daily optimization scheduling caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the power generation benefit that can be achieved by the saved water volume is calculated to quantitatively evaluate the impact of the change in turbine efficiency characteristics on the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of the hydropower station, realizing the quantitative evaluation of the impact of the change in turbine efficiency characteristics on the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of the hydropower station, which can not only provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also provide a reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0055] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, where:

[0057] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a turbine efficiency characteristic curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the spline function interpolation method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the efficiency characteristics of Type A hydroelectric generating units provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the efficiency characteristics of Type B hydroelectric generating units provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 6 Short-term scheduling result of a hydropower station where all generating units are Type A units provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 7 Short-term scheduling result of a hydropower station where all generating units are Type B units provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a hydropower station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0065] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0066] The method, hydropower station, storage medium, and program for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Specifically, Figure 1 Schematic flow diagram of a method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] As Figure 1 shown, the method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station includes the following steps:

[0069] In step S101, obtain the comprehensive characteristic curve of the water turbine in the hydropower station, and perform spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve to obtain the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface.

[0070] Among them, the expression for obtaining the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface by performing spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve is:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, is the estimated value at the point (x0, y0), r is the distance between the prediction point and the sample point, i is the sample number, and n represents the number of prediction points. is the efficiency at the given point (x, y). is the weight factor. is the interpolation function. are the flow rate and the net head respectively.

[0073] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model, the efficiency characteristic surface generated by the spline function interpolation method is smooth and continuous, as Figure 2 shown, which can accurately reflect the efficiency change of the turbine under different working conditions, so as to determine the optimal operating condition subsequently, reduce water consumption, and improve power generation efficiency.

[0074] It should be noted that according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model, the unit speed (n1'), unit flow rate (Q1'), and efficiency (η) of each working condition point in the turbine model experiment are obtained; based on the spline function interpolation method for spatial interpolation, the turbine efficiency characteristic surface is obtained, as Figure 3 shown, where the goal of the spline function interpolation is to find a surface that satisfies the best smoothing principle and use the sample observation points to fit a smooth curve with the minimum surface curvature.

[0075] In step S102, for multiple turbine efficiency characteristics in the turbine efficiency characteristic surface, the hydropower station is optimized for intraday scheduling with the target water consumption as the scheduling target, and the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic is obtained after the hydropower station completes the adjustment.

[0076] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, for multiple turbine efficiency characteristics in the turbine efficiency characteristic surface, the hydropower station can be optimized for intraday scheduling with the target water consumption as the scheduling target, and the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic is obtained after the hydropower station completes the adjustment. Through the optimized scheduling, not only the resource utilization efficiency is improved, but also the operating efficiency and economic benefits of the hydropower station can be significantly enhanced.

[0077] It should be noted that the target water consumption of the present invention is the minimum water consumption, which is not specifically limited.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present invention, the objective function with the target water consumption as the scheduling target is:

[0079]

[0080] where W is the total water consumption of the power station, u is the unit number, t is the time period number, is the power generation flow rate of the u-th unit at time period t when the working head is and the output is at that time. is the working head of the \(u\)-th unit in period \(t\), is the output of the \(u\)-th unit in period \(t\), is the length of the period, is the state of the \(u\)-th unit at time \(t\), is the state of the \(u\)-th unit at time \(t - 1\), and are the water consumption during the start-up and shutdown processes of the \(u\)-th unit respectively. \(NU\) is the number of units in the hydropower station; \(ST\) is the number of periods in the scheduling period.

[0081] It should be noted that the objective function, under the condition of ensuring the safe operation of the hydropower plant and the power system, takes economy as the principle and water consumption as the goal. The objective function quantifies the optimization goal, guides the optimization algorithm to find the optimal solution, concretizes the optimization goal through a mathematical expression, enables the optimization process to be processed and calculated by the algorithm, and is conducive to helping select the optimal scheduling scheme.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present invention, the intra-day optimal scheduling constraint conditions of the hydropower station include: power balance, water balance, reservoir capacity limit, flow limit, head limit, spinning reserve capacity limit, unit output limit, start-up and shutdown time limit of hydropower units, and prohibited operation area limit. Among them,

[0083] The power balance constraint is:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, is the total output of the hydropower station at the \(i\)-th moment, is the total system load at the \(i\)-th moment, is the output of the \(u\)-th unit at the \(i\)-th moment. \(i\) is the period number, \(u\) is the unit number, \(NU\) is the number of units in the hydropower station; \(ST\) is the number of periods in the scheduling period;

[0086] Among them, the water balance constraint is:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, \(V\) j and \(V\) j-1 are the reservoir capacities of the hydropower station at the \(j\)-th period and the \((j - 1)\)-th period respectively, and are the inflow and outflow of the hydropower station at the \(j\)-th period respectively, is the period length;

[0089] Among them, the outflow limit constraint is:

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, and are the minimum discharge and the maximum discharge of the hydropower station respectively, is the discharge of the hydropower station at the k-th time period, and are the minimum generating discharge and the maximum generating discharge of the hydropower station respectively, is the generating discharge of the hydropower station at the k-th time period;

[0093] Among them, the head limit constraint is:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, is the net head at the j-th moment, is the net head of the u-th unit at the j-th moment, and are the minimum net head and the maximum net head of the hydro-generating unit;

[0096] Among them, the reservoir capacity limit constraint is:

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, is the reservoir water level of the hydropower station at the k-th time period, and are the minimum water level and the maximum water level of the reservoir respectively. Among them, the maximum water level of the reservoir is the flood control limit water level and the normal storage water level during the flood season and other periods respectively, is the reservoir capacity at the k-th time period, is the function of the reservoir capacity - water level relationship of the hydropower station reservoir;

[0100] Among them, the spinning reserve capacity constraint is:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, is the unit number, NU is the number of units of the hydropower station, is the opening and closing state of the u-th unit at the j-th time period, is the maximum stable output of the u-th unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the power generation plan at the j-th time period, S j is the system spinning reserve capacity;

[0104] Among them, the output limit constraint of the hydropower unit is as follows:

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] In the formula, is the maximum stable output of the \(u\)-th unit, is the minimum stable output of the \(u\)-th unit, is the output of the \(u\)-th unit at the \(j\)-th time period, is the efficiency of the hydropower unit \(u\) at the \(j\)-th time period, is the relationship between the efficiency of the hydropower unit and the net head and flow rate, is the flow rate of the hydropower unit \(u\) at the \(j\)-th time period, is the net head of the hydropower unit \(u\) at the \(j\)-th time period;

[0108] Among them, the start-stop time constraint of the hydropower unit is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, and are the continuous working and shutdown durations of the hydropower unit \(u\) respectively, and are the minimum continuous working and shutdown durations of the hydropower unit \(u\) respectively;

[0111] Among them, the no-operation zone constraint is as follows:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, are the lower and upper limits of the \(j\)-th no-operation zone of the hydropower unit \(u\) at the \(k\)-th moment respectively, is the output of the \(u\)-th unit at the \(j\)-th time period.

[0114] It should be noted that the constraint conditions can ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, avoid equipment damage or safety accidents caused by excessive operation. The constraint conditions consider the requirements of the power system, such as load balance, equipment performance, such as the start-stop time of hydropower units, and environmental protection, such as ecological flow, etc., to ensure the maximization of comprehensive benefits.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present invention, the within-day optimal scheduling of a hydropower station includes unit commitment and load distribution. Among them, the within-day optimal scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling objective includes: adjusting the operating states of each unit according to the spinning reserve capacity constraint and the start-stop time constraint of the hydropower unit until the operating states of all time nodes of different hydropower units meet the spinning reserve capacity of the hydropower unit and also meet the requirements of the minimum shutdown time and the maximum operating time of the unit.

[0116] It can be understood that adjusting the operating states of each unit according to the spinning reserve capacity constraint and the start-stop time constraint of the hydropower unit until the operating states of all time nodes of different hydropower units meet the spinning reserve capacity of the hydropower unit and also meet the requirements of the minimum shutdown time and the maximum operating time of the unit can not only avoid the mechanical wear and start-up failure risks brought by frequent start-stop, extend the equipment life, ensure the long-term stable operation of the system, but also improve the resource utilization efficiency and reduce the overall operating cost.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present invention, the within-day optimal scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling objective includes: calculating the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit at a specific flow rate and head according to the efficiency characteristics of the water turbine; calculating the output of the hydropower unit according to the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit, so as to perform load distribution with the target water consumption as the scheduling objective according to the output of the hydropower unit.

[0118] It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can calculate the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit at a specific flow rate and head according to the efficiency characteristics of the water turbine; calculate the output of the hydropower unit according to the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit, so as to perform load distribution with the target water consumption as the scheduling objective according to the output of the hydropower unit, which can significantly improve the operating efficiency and economic benefits of the hydropower station. It can not only ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, but also realize the efficient utilization of resources and environmental protection, providing strong support for the realization of sustainable development.

[0119] Specifically, 1. Perform load distribution according to the hydraulic-mechanical characteristics of the unit:

[0120] (1) Initialize the unit flow rate according to the hydraulic characteristics of the unit;

[0121] (2) Calculate the tail water level of the power station according to the tail water level-flow curve of the power station;

[0122] (3) Calculate the head loss along the way and the local head loss based on the hydraulic characteristics of the hydropower unit, such as the Darcy-Weisbach formula and the Chezy formula, and calculate the head loss in detail:

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, h w is the head loss, is the head loss along the way, is the local head loss;

[0125] (4)Calculate the net head:

[0126]

[0127] In the formula, H net is the net head; H ini is the initial water level; H tail is the tail water level; h w is the head loss;

[0128] 2. According to the turbine efficiency characteristic curve, solve the unit output efficiency of the unit:

[0129] (1)Given the flow rate and net head, calculate the corresponding unit speed and unit flow rate,

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] In the formula: is the unit speed, is the unit flow rate, n is the rotational speed, Q is the flow rate, D1 is the runner diameter, H net is the net head;

[0133] (2)According to the net head and flow rate, calculate the corresponding unit speed and unit flow rate, and calculate the corresponding unit efficiency according to the spatial interpolation method;

[0134] (3)Calculate the unit output:

[0135]

[0136] In the formula: P is the output of the hydropower unit, n is the rotational speed of the turbine, Q is the flow rate of the turbine, and H is the net head.

[0137] (4)Iteratively calculate the minimum water consumption according to the dynamic λ-iteration synthesis bisection method.

[0138] 3. According to the target, conduct refined unit combination short-term scheduling for the medium-sized hydropower station, and iteratively obtain the optimized minimum water consumption;

[0139] 4. Record the minimum daily water consumption of the hydropower station corresponding to this turbine efficiency characteristic.

[0140] In step S103, calculate the water consumption difference between the turbine efficiency characteristics according to the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic, calculate the generated electricity corresponding to the water consumption difference, calculate the corresponding power generation benefit according to the generated electricity and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and generate an evaluation curve of the change of the turbine efficiency characteristic and the power generation benefit.

[0141] It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can calculate the water consumption difference between the turbine efficiency characteristics according to the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic, calculate the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference, calculate the corresponding power generation benefit according to the power generation and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and generate an evaluation curve of the turbine efficiency characteristic change and the power generation benefit according to the power generation benefit, thereby realizing a quantitative evaluation of the impact of the turbine efficiency characteristic change on the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of the hydropower station, which can not only provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also provide a reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0142] Specifically, the turbine efficiency characteristics are changed, the difference of turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the optimal scheduling of the hydropower station is performed again with the minimum water consumption as the goal:

[0143] (1) Changing the turbine efficiency characteristics, generating the efficiency surface in space using the spatial interpolation method, and calculating the average difference of different efficiency characteristics in the n1'-Q1'-η space;

[0144] (2) Keeping other parameters unchanged, repeat the above steps for the turbine efficiency characteristic and record the minimum daily water consumption of the hydropower station under this turbine efficiency characteristic.

[0145] In the embodiment of the present invention, calculating the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference includes:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, W hydro The amount of electricity that can be generated for the amount of water saved in one day, is the efficiency of the turbine, Q is the flow rate of the turbine, H is the net water head, and t is the duration of power generation.

[0148] Specifically, the difference in the minimum water consumption of the daily optimal dispatch caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics and the power generation benefits that can be achieved by the saved water are calculated, and the impact of the change in turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatch power generation benefits of the hydropower station is quantitatively evaluated:

[0149] (1) Calculate the difference in the minimum water consumption for daily optimal scheduling caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics;

[0150] (2) Taking the rated water head as the net water head and the multi-year average efficiency of the hydropower unit as the unit power generation efficiency, calculate the power generation that can be generated by the water consumption saved in one day;

[0151] (3) Calculate the power generation benefits that can be generated by the amount of water saved per day and the amount of power generated based on the average on-grid electricity price of the power station over the years;

[0152] (4) Calculate the impact of the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics on the annual power generation benefit of the power station based on the annual utilization hours of hydropower of the power station.

[0153] According to the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station proposed in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model, the turbine efficiency characteristics are obtained through spatial interpolation; then, according to the turbine efficiency characteristics, the short-term in-day optimization dispatching of the hydropower station is carried out with the lowest water consumption as the goal, and the actual in-day water consumption at this time is recorded; after that, the turbine efficiency characteristics are changed, the difference in the turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the short-term in-day optimization dispatching of the hydropower station is carried out again with the lowest water consumption as the goal, and the lowest in-day water consumption at this time is recorded; finally, the difference in the lowest in-day water consumption of the in-day optimization dispatching caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the power generation benefit that can be achieved by the saved water volume is calculated, so as to quantitatively evaluate the impact of the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station, realizing the quantitative evaluation of the impact of the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station, which can not only provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also provide a reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0154] The following will take the impact of the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics of different types of turbines in a hydropower station on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station as an example to elaborate in detail the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station of the present invention, as follows:

[0155] Step (1): Obtain the turbine efficiency characteristics through spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model

[0156] The power station in the embodiment has a total of six hydropower generating units, and the installed capacity of each unit is 850 MW. There are currently two units, A and B. The two units have the same type, both are vertical shaft Francis turbines, and their rated head, rated output and other parameters are the same, but their turbine efficiency characteristics are different. Among them, the efficiency characteristics of the A-type hydropower generating unit are as Figure 4 shown, and the efficiency characteristics of the B-type hydropower generating unit are schematically shown as Figure 5 shown.

[0157] According to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model, the unit speed ( n 1 ’ ), unit flow ( Q 1 ’ ), and efficiency ( η ) of each operating point in the turbine model experiment are obtained, and spatial interpolation is carried out based on the spline function interpolation method to obtain the turbine efficiency characteristics.

[0158] Step (2): Carry out the short-term in-day optimization dispatching of the hydropower station with the lowest water consumption as the goal according to the turbine efficiency characteristics

[0159] Assume that all six units of the hydropower station are type A units. According to the power station data, determine various required parameters and constraint conditions, and conduct intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station with the goal of minimizing water consumption. Obtain the intraday short-term scheduling results when all the hydro-generator units of the power station use type A units, as Figure 6 shown, and its water consumption is 1.8871×10 8 m 3 .

[0160] Step (3): Change the turbine efficiency characteristics, calculate the difference in turbine efficiency characteristics, and conduct intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station again with the goal of minimizing water consumption

[0161] Use spatial interpolation method to generate the efficiency surface in space, and calculate the average difference between type A units and type B units in the n 1 ’ - Q 1 ’ - η space is 0.66%.

[0162] Assume that all six units of the hydropower station are type B units, and the power station parameters, constraint conditions, objective function, etc. remain unchanged. Repeat step (2) for short-term scheduling to obtain the intraday short-term scheduling results when all the hydro-generator units of the power station use type B units, as Figure 7 shown, and record that the minimum daily water consumption of the hydropower station under this turbine efficiency characteristic is 1.8559×10 8 m 3 .

[0163] Step (4): Calculate the difference in the minimum water consumption of intraday optimal scheduling caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics, and the power generation benefits that can be achieved by the saved water volume, and quantitatively evaluate the impact of changes in turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term scheduling power generation benefits of the hydropower station

[0164] According to the short-term scheduling results, it can be found that the operating state of the units in the short-term scheduling remains basically unchanged after the change of the unit efficiency characteristics, but the water consumption has changed.

[0165] According to the saved water consumption value, quantitatively calculate the impact of the efficiency improvement on the power generation benefits of the power station. When calculating, take the rated head and the average efficiency of 91.5%. It can be calculated that the water consumption saved in one day due to the change of the turbine efficiency characteristics can generate 4.44×10 4 kW·h. The average annual on-grid electricity price of the power station is 0.26563 yuan / kW·h, then the saved water consumption in one day can generate a power generation benefit of 11,807.18 yuan. Calculated according to 114 days of power generation throughout the year, the change of the turbine efficiency characteristics will cause a change of 4.3096 million yuan in the annual power generation benefits of the power station.

[0166] In summary, the quantitative evaluation method for the impact of the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics designed by the present invention on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station obtains the turbine efficiency characteristics based on the spatial interpolation method according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine, and performs the intra-day optimal dispatching of the hydropower station with the goal of minimizing the water consumption. According to the change in the water consumption of the hydropower station brought about by the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics, the quantitative calculation of the impact of the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station is realized. It not only helps to provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also can provide a reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0167] Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The hydropower station may include:

[0168] A memory 801, a processor 802, and a computer program stored on the memory 801 and executable on the processor 802.

[0169] When the processor 802 executes the program, it implements the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station provided in the above embodiment.

[0170] Further, the hydropower station further includes:

[0171] A communication interface 803 for communication between the memory 801 and the processor 802.

[0172] The memory 801 is used for storing a computer program executable on the processor 802.

[0173] The memory 801 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.

[0174] If the memory 801, the processor 802, and the communication interface 803 are independently implemented, the communication interface 803, the memory 801, and the processor 802 may be interconnected through a bus and communicate with each other. The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the sake of simplicity of representation, Figure 8 only a thick line is shown in, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0175] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 801, the processor 802, and the communication interface 803 are integrated on a single chip, the memory 801, the processor 802, and the communication interface 803 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0176] The processor 802 may be a central processing unit (CPU for short), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC for short), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.

[0177] The embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of a hydropower station as described above is implemented.

[0178] The embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, including a computer program or instruction, characterized in that when the computer program or instruction is executed, the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of a hydropower station as described above is implemented.

[0179] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0180] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "N" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0181] Any process or method description depicted in the flowchart or otherwise described herein can be understood to represent a module, segment, or portion of code including one or N executable instructions for implementing a customized logical function or process. The scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes additional implementations, where functions may be executed in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved, rather than in the order shown or discussed, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.

[0182] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or a combination of the following techniques well known in the art can be used: discrete logic circuits having logic gate circuits for implementing logical functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0183] Those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology can understand that all or part of the steps carried out in implementing the above-described embodiment methods can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a program. The said program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

Claims

1. A quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Obtain the comprehensive characteristic curve of the water turbine in the hydropower station, and perform spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve to obtain the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface; For multiple water turbine efficiency characteristics in the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface, perform intraday optimal scheduling on the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target. After the hydropower station completes the scheduling, calculate the difference in the minimum water consumption of the intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station caused by any two water turbine efficiency characteristics; Calculate the generated electricity corresponding to the difference in water consumption, calculate the corresponding power generation benefit according to the generated electricity and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and generate an evaluation curve of the change in water turbine efficiency characteristics and power generation benefit according to the power generation benefit.

2. The quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that The objective function with the target water consumption as the scheduling target is: Among them, W is the total water consumption of the power station, u is the unit number, and t is the time period number. is the power generation flow rate of the u-th unit in time period t at the working head of and output at that time, is the working head of the u-th unit in time period t, is the output of the u-th unit in time period t, is the time period length, is the state of the u-th unit at time t, is the state of the u-th unit at time t - 1, and are the water consumptions during the startup and shutdown processes of the u-th unit respectively. NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of time periods in the scheduling period.

3. The quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that The constraints for the intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station include: power balance, water volume balance, reservoir capacity limit, flow limit, head limit, spinning reserve capacity limit, unit output limit, start-stop time limit of the hydro-generating unit, and prohibited operation area limit. Among them, The power balance constraint is: In the formula, is the total output of the hydropower station at the i-th moment, is the total system load at the i-th moment, is the output of the u-th unit at the i-th moment, i is the period number, u is the unit number, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of periods in the scheduling period; Among them, the water volume balance constraint is: where V j and V j-1 are the reservoir storages of the hydropower station at the j-th time period and the (j - 1)-th time period respectively, and are the inflow and outflow discharges of the hydropower station at the j-th time period respectively, is the time period length; Among them, the discharge flow limit constraint is: Wherein, and are the minimum discharge and the maximum discharge of the hydropower station respectively, is the discharge of the hydropower station in the k-th period, and are the minimum generating discharge and the maximum generating discharge of the hydropower station respectively, is the generating discharge of the hydropower station in the k-th period; Among them, the head limit constraint is: Wherein, is the net head at the j-th moment, is the net head of the u-th unit at the j-th moment, and are the minimum and maximum net heads of the hydroelectric unit; Among them, the reservoir capacity limit constraint is: In the formula, is the reservoir water level at the k-th time period of the hydropower station, and are the lowest water level and the highest water level of the reservoir respectively. Among them, the highest water level of the reservoir is the flood control limit water level and the normal storage water level during the flood season and other periods respectively. is the reservoir storage capacity at the k-th time period, is the function of the reservoir storage capacity - water level relationship of the hydropower station reservoir; Among them, the spinning reserve capacity constraint is: Wherein, is the unit number, NU is the number of hydropower station units, is the opening and closing state of the u-th unit in the j-th period, The maximum stable output of the u-th unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the power generation plan in the j-th period, S j is the system spinning reserve capacity; Among them, the output limit constraint of the hydro-generating unit is: In the formula, is the maximum stable output of the u-th unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the output of the u-th unit at the j-th time period, is the efficiency of the hydropower unit u at the j-th time period, is the relationship between the hydropower unit efficiency, net head and flow rate, is the flow rate of the hydropower unit u at the j-th time period, is the net head of the hydropower unit u at the j-th time period; Among them, the start-stop time constraint of the hydro-generating unit is: In the formula, and are the continuous operation time and shutdown time of the hydropower unit u respectively, and are the minimum continuous operation time and shutdown time of the hydropower unit u respectively; Among them, the prohibited operation area constraint is: wherein, are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of the j-th prohibited operation area of the hydropower unit u at the k-th moment, is the output of the u-th unit in the j-th period.

4. The quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that The intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station includes unit commitment and load distribution. Among them, the intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target includes: Adjust the operating states of each unit according to the spinning reserve capacity constraint and the start-stop time constraint of the hydro-generating unit until the operating states of all time nodes of different hydro-generating units meet the spinning reserve capacity of the hydro-generating unit, and at the same time meet the requirements of the minimum shutdown time and the maximum operating time of the unit.

5. The quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station according to claim 4, wherein The intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target includes: Calculate the power generation efficiency of the hydro-generating unit at a specific flow and head according to the water turbine efficiency characteristics; Calculate the output of the hydro-generating unit according to the power generation efficiency of the hydro-generating unit, and perform load distribution with the target water consumption as the scheduling target according to the output of the hydro-generating unit.

6. The quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein Calculating the generated electricity corresponding to the difference in water consumption includes: Among them, W hydro is the generated electricity that can be produced by the water consumption saved in one day, where η is the efficiency, Q is the flow rate, H is the head, and t is the power generation duration.

7. The quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein The expression of the water turbine efficiency characteristic surface obtained by performing spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve is: In the formula, is the estimated value at the point (x0, y0), r is the distance between the prediction point and the sample point, i is the sample number, n represents the number of prediction points, is the efficiency at the given point (x, y), is the weight factor, is the interpolation function, are the flow rate and the net head respectively.

8. A power station, characterized in that, It includes: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the program to implement the method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instruction is executed by the processor, it is used to implement the method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instruction is executed, it implements the method for quantitatively evaluating the power generation benefit of short-term scheduling of a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1-7.

Images