A magnetic core assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of pulse power, in particular to a magnetic core auxiliary coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch, which comprises a gas switch main body, the gas switch main body comprises a low-voltage electrode, a high-voltage electrode and a trigger electrode which are coaxially arranged in an insulating support; the trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode form a pre-ionization gap, and the trigger electrode and the high-voltage electrode form a main gap; the trigger electrode is used for receiving a trigger pulse voltage; when the trigger pulse makes the bottom of the trigger electrode produce strong field distortion, the pre-ionization gap is rapidly broken down, the main gap is pre-ionized by ultraviolet, and the gas switch main gap is rapidly broken down after the trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode. The switch can improve the stability of the main gap breakdown.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pulse power technology, and specifically to a core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch. Background Technology

[0002] Gas spark switches are core components in pulse power devices. As pulse power devices develop towards higher power and higher voltage levels, gas spark switches are required to have characteristics such as controllability and adjustability, wide operating voltage range, low inductance and jitter, and long lifespan.

[0003] Pre-ionization triggering is an effective method to reduce switch trigger delay and jitter. Its mechanism is as follows: pre-ionization forms plasma, which directly provides initial electrons for the development of gap breakdown; pre-ionization discharge generates ultraviolet light, which induces spatial photoionization and the photoelectric effect of the cathode. These factors all contribute to the triggering breakdown of the gas gap, improving the switch's triggering performance. There are various ways to generate pre-ionization, but spark discharge has high ionization intensity and produces many high-energy ultraviolet photons, significantly reducing switch jitter and is widely used in high-power closed switches. Typical pre-ionization switches often use a needle-type trigger discharge channel. The needle electrode has a small surface area, making it prone to current density concentration. This design results in a high current density on the electrode during pre-ionization, easily causing electrode ablation. Electrode ablation affects switch performance and lifespan, potentially increasing trigger delay and jitter, and even causing switch failure. Furthermore, the single trigger discharge channel leads to uneven energy distribution during discharge, easily causing localized overheating and electric field distortion, increasing instability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a magnetic core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch to address the shortcomings of the prior art, thereby solving the problem of high instability when the gas switch is triggered to break down.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch includes a gas switch body, which comprises a low-voltage electrode, a high-voltage electrode, and a trigger electrode coaxially disposed inside an insulating support. The trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode form a pre-ionization gap, and the trigger electrode and the high-voltage electrode form a main gap. The trigger electrode is used to receive a trigger pulse voltage. When the trigger pulse causes a strong field distortion at the bottom of the trigger electrode, the pre-ionization gap breaks down rapidly, performing ultraviolet pre-ionization on the main gap. When the trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode, it induces the main gap of the gas switch to break down rapidly.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the insulating support includes a first insulating support and a second insulating support; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the second insulating support through a high-voltage electrode holder, and the low-voltage electrode is connected to the first insulating support through a low-voltage electrode holder.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner sidewall of the first insulating support member is provided with a support groove, and the top of the trigger electrode is provided with a limiting block supported on the support groove. The limiting block is tightly connected to the groove wall of the support groove, and the top of the limiting block is also sleeved with a trigger electrode seat. The trigger electrode is coaxially suspended between the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode through the first insulating support member and the trigger electrode seat, forming a switch sealing cavity.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second insulating support is connected to the high-voltage electrode base via a conductive connector, and the first insulating support is connected to the low-voltage electrode base via a conductive connector.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the high-voltage electrode is also used to connect to an external positive high-voltage DC power supply, the low-voltage electrode is used to ground, and the trigger electrode is used to connect to an external nanosecond-level negative pulse.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the low-voltage electrode is grounded through a low-remanence nanocrystalline magnetic core, and a trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode to induce breakdown of the main gap of the switch and saturation of the magnetic core.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the high-voltage electrode holder and the low-voltage electrode holder are respectively provided with air holes for adjusting the air pressure in the switch cavity and for ventilation when the switch is working.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first insulating support and the second insulating support are designed with an annular groove structure inside.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom of the low-voltage electrode has an arc-shaped ring structure, and the top of the high-voltage electrode has an elliptical arc structure.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom of the trigger electrode is a thin disc-shaped structure with an arc radius of 10~13mm and a thickness of 0.5~2mm, and the trigger gap distance is adjustable in the range of 1~2mm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch, which uses spark pre-ionization to assist the gas switch discharge. Under triggering conditions, the gas gap between the trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode rapidly breaks down, and the trigger pulse reaching the low-voltage electrode simultaneously induces the main gap to break down. This improves the stability of the discharge. After the trigger electrode receives the trigger pulse voltage, it can quickly generate a strong field distortion in the pre-ionization gap, accelerating the breakdown process and achieving a rapid response. The breakdown of the pre-ionization gap facilitates ultraviolet pre-ionization of the main gap, which can reduce the breakdown voltage of the main gap and improve the breakdown efficiency. Ultraviolet pre-ionization helps to more accurately control the initiation and development of the arc, thereby reducing interference to the circuit in some applications. The trigger electrode is externally connected to a negative polarity nanosecond-level trigger pulse, which, under triggering conditions, causes the pre-ionization gap to break down rapidly under strong field distortion, generating ultraviolet pre-ionization and improving the stability of the main gap breakdown.

[0017] Furthermore, the bottom of the low-voltage electrode is set as an arc-shaped ring structure, and the trigger electrode and the high-voltage electrode are set as elliptical arc structures, which improves the uniformity of the electric field during static operation and reduces discharge jitter.

[0018] Furthermore, the interior of the insulating cylinder is designed with an annular groove structure to increase the creepage distance between the high and low voltage electrodes and enhance the insulation capability of the switch.

[0019] Furthermore, the low-voltage electrode is grounded through a low-remanence nanocrystalline core. After the trigger gap breaks down, the trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode, simultaneously inducing the main gap of the switch to break down and the core to saturate.

[0020] Furthermore, the magnetic core gradually saturates under the action of the trigger pulse. By adjusting the magnetic core parameters so that the magnetic core is fully saturated slightly later than the switch breakdown time, it helps to reduce the dispersion of the overall breakdown of the magnetic core-assisted spark pre-electrode switch.

[0021] Furthermore, a disc-shaped trigger structure is used at the bottom of the trigger electrode to guide pre-ionization, reducing electrode erosion and extending the switch's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the coaxial core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas circuit connection of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the electrode structure of the core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the trigger electrode structure of the core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5-1 The peak value and dispersion of the trigger breakdown voltage before adding the pre-ionization structure to the core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5-2 The peak value and dispersion of the trigger breakdown voltage after adding a pre-ionization structure to the core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch of this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This invention relates to the trigger breakdown delay time and dispersion of the core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized three-electrode gas switch.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Low-voltage electrode; 2. High-voltage electrode; 3. Trigger electrode; 4. Low-voltage electrode holder; 5. High-voltage electrode holder; 6. Trigger electrode holder; 7. First insulating support; 8. Second insulating support; 9. Low remanence nanocrystalline magnetic core. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives and technical solutions of this invention clearer and easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch, comprising a gas switch body, which includes a low-voltage electrode 1, a high-voltage electrode 2, and a trigger electrode 3 coaxially disposed inside an insulating support. The trigger electrode 3 and the low-voltage electrode 1 form a pre-ionization gap, and the trigger electrode 3 and the high-voltage electrode 2 form a main gap. The trigger electrode 3 receives a trigger pulse voltage. When the trigger pulse causes a strong field distortion at the bottom of the trigger electrode 3, the pre-ionization gap rapidly breaks down, performing ultraviolet pre-ionization on the main gap. When the trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode, it induces the main gap of the gas switch to break down rapidly. By setting the trigger electrode 3, the trigger pulse voltage can be accurately received, achieving precise control of the switch. When the trigger pulse acts, a strong field distortion is generated at the bottom of the trigger electrode 3, rapidly inducing the breakdown of the pre-ionization gap, providing favorable conditions for the subsequent breakdown of the main gap. The rapid breakdown of the pre-ionization gap generates ultraviolet radiation, performing ultraviolet pre-ionization on the main gap. This process can reduce the breakdown voltage of the main gap, making it easier for the main gap to break down rapidly under the induction of the trigger pulse. The pre-ionization function significantly improves the breakdown speed and stability of the switch. By rapidly breaking down the pre-ionization gap through strong field distortion at the bottom of the trigger electrode, and performing ultraviolet pre-ionization on the main gap, the breakdown voltage of the main gap is greatly reduced. This allows the switch to respond to the trigger pulse in a shorter time, achieving rapid conduction. The conduction time of the core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch is more consistent, reducing timing jitter and improving the reliability and repeatability of the switch. This is of great significance for applications requiring precise timing control, such as pulsed power technology and high-power microwaves.

[0033] The insulating support includes a first insulating support 7 and a second insulating support 8. The high-voltage electrode 2 is connected to the second insulating support 8 through a high-voltage electrode seat 5, and the low-voltage electrode 1 is connected to the first insulating support 7 through a low-voltage electrode seat 4. The inner side wall of the first insulating support 7 is provided with a support groove. The top of the trigger electrode is provided with a limiting block supported in the support groove. The limiting block is tightly connected to the groove wall of the support groove. The top of the limiting block is also sleeved with a trigger electrode seat 6. The trigger electrode 3 is coaxially suspended between the low-voltage electrode 1 and the high-voltage electrode 2 through the first insulating support 7 and the trigger electrode seat 6, forming a switch sealing cavity.

[0034] By using insulating supports to coaxially arrange the electrodes and form a sealed cavity, arc discharge and gas leakage between the electrodes are effectively prevented, thus improving the safety of the switch.

[0035] The second insulating support 8 is connected to the high-voltage electrode holder 5 via a conductive connector, and the first insulating support 7 is connected to the low-voltage electrode holder 4 via a conductive connector. Simultaneously, the conductive connectors ensure a secure connection between the electrode holder and the insulating support, reducing safety hazards caused by loosening.

[0036] High-voltage electrode 2 is also used for connecting an external positive high-voltage DC power supply, low-voltage electrode 1 is used for grounding, and trigger electrode 3 is used for connecting an external nanosecond-level negative polarity pulse. Specifically, low-voltage electrode 1 is grounded through a low-remanence nanocrystalline core 9. When the trigger pulse reaches low-voltage electrode 1, it induces breakdown of the main gap of the switch and saturation of the core. This grounding method not only effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference but also improves the anti-interference capability of the switch, enhancing the stability and safety of the system.

[0037] The insulating support component is designed with an annular groove structure inside.

[0038] The low-voltage electrode 1 has a circular arc-shaped structure at the bottom, while the high-voltage electrode 2 has an elliptical arc-shaped structure at the top. The trigger electrode 3 has a thin disc-shaped structure at the bottom, with an arc radius L1 of 10~13mm and a thickness L2 of 0.5~2mm. The trigger gap distance can be adjusted from 1~2mm.

[0039] The high-voltage electrode holder 5 and the low-voltage electrode holder 4 are respectively provided with air holes to adjust the air pressure in the switch cavity and to facilitate ventilation when the switch is working.

[0040] The trigger electrode 3 is suspended between the low-voltage electrode 1 and the high-voltage electrode 2, and is connected to the trigger electrode base 6 through the trigger electrode insulating support (i.e. the first insulating support 7). This design makes the position of the trigger electrode more flexible and can be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby optimizing the performance of the switch.

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch, and the specific implementation method is as follows.

[0044] This embodiment of a core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch includes a gas switch body, which is disposed within an insulating support. The gas switch body includes two main electrodes and a trigger electrode 3 arranged coaxially. The main electrodes include a low-voltage electrode 1 and a high-voltage electrode 2.

[0045] The high-voltage electrode 2 is connected to the second insulating support 8 through the high-voltage electrode base 5, and the low-voltage electrode 1 is connected to the first insulating support 7 (the first insulating support is the trigger electrode insulating support) through the low-voltage electrode base 4.

[0046] The inner wall of the first insulating support 7 is provided with a support groove. A limiting block is provided on the top of the trigger electrode, which is supported in the support groove and tightly connected to the groove wall. A trigger electrode seat 6 is also sleeved on the top of the limiting block. The trigger electrode 3 is coaxially suspended between the low-voltage electrode 1 and the high-voltage electrode 2 through the trigger electrode insulating support and the trigger electrode seat 6. The first insulating support 7, the second insulating support 8, the low-voltage electrode 1 and the high-voltage electrode 2 form a switch sealing cavity. Inside the cavity, the trigger electrode 3 and the low-voltage electrode 1 form a pre-ionization gap, and the trigger electrode 3 and the high-voltage electrode 2 form a main gap.

[0047] The trigger pulse causes a strong field distortion at the bottom of the trigger electrode, which rapidly breaks down the pre-ionization gap, generating ultraviolet to far-ultraviolet light radiation. After the trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode, it simultaneously induces the rapid breakdown of the main gap of the switch and the saturation of the magnetic core.

[0048] The second insulating support is connected to the high-voltage electrode base via a conductive connector, and the first insulating support is connected to the low-voltage electrode base via a conductive connector. In this embodiment, the first insulating support is connected to the high-voltage electrode base 5 via metal bolts, and the second insulating support is connected to the low-voltage electrode base 4 via metal bolts. The electrodes are insulated by gas, forming two gas discharge gaps in the three-electrode switch. The high-voltage electrode base 5 and the low-voltage electrode base 4 are each provided with vents to adjust the gas pressure inside the switch cavity and to allow for ventilation during switch operation.

[0049] The first insulating support 7 and the second insulating support 8 form an insulating cylinder. The inside of the insulating cylinder is designed with an annular groove structure. The first insulating support 7 and the second insulating support 8 are fixedly connected to the low-voltage electrode seat 4 and the high-voltage electrode seat 5, respectively.

[0050] The bottom of the low-voltage electrode 1 is set as an arc-shaped ring structure, and the bottom of the trigger electrode 3 and the top of the high-voltage electrode 2 are set as elliptical arc structures.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a core-assisted coaxial pre-ionization three-electrode gas switch. The low-pressure electrode 1 and high-pressure electrode 2 are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the second insulating support 8 via main electrode seats 4 and 5 and metal bolts, respectively. The trigger electrode 3 is coaxially positioned at the center of the low-pressure electrode 1 via a trigger electrode seat 6 and the first insulating support 7. The low-pressure electrode 1, trigger electrode 3, and high-pressure electrode 2 respectively form the pre-ionization gap and the main gap. The bottom of the low-pressure electrode is configured with an arc-shaped ring structure, while the trigger electrode and high-pressure electrode are configured with elliptical arc structures. Air holes are respectively opened on the high-pressure electrode seat 5 and the low-pressure electrode seat 4 to adjust the gas pressure inside the switch cavity and to allow for gas exchange during switch operation.

[0052] This embodiment uses nanosecond trigger pulse energy to generate ultraviolet to far-ultraviolet light radiation through a pre-ionization gap. The trigger electrode has a disk-shaped structure. Under triggering conditions, the bottom of the trigger electrode generates strong field distortion, and the gas gap between the trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode breaks down rapidly to generate abundant plasma, while simultaneously generating ultraviolet to far-ultraviolet light radiation. Immediately afterwards, the trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode, simultaneously inducing the breakdown of the main gap and the saturation of the magnetic core, which helps to reduce the dispersion of switch breakdown and widen the operating voltage range.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also includes a low-remanence nanocrystalline magnetic core 9. The high-voltage electrode 2 is externally connected to a positive-polarity high-voltage DC power supply, the low-voltage electrode 1 is grounded through the low-remanence nanocrystalline magnetic core 9, and the trigger electrode 3 is externally connected to a nanosecond-level negative-polarity pulse. Under triggering conditions, the pre-ionization gap rapidly breaks down, making the trigger electrode 3 and the low-voltage electrode 1 equipotential, while simultaneously inducing the main gap to break down and the magnetic core to saturate. By adjusting the magnetic core parameters so that the core's complete saturation time is slightly later than the switch's breakdown time, the main gap of the switch breaks down under the trigger pulse, thereby widening the switch's operating voltage range. The low-remanence nanocrystalline magnetic core in this embodiment has a ring size of 30 / 64×20 (mm) and exhibits significant saturation characteristics. The low-remanence nanocrystalline magnetic core has low remanence, meaning that after the switch operates, the core will not retain excessive magnetic field, reducing the impact on subsequent operations. This helps improve the switch's repeatability, enabling the switch to maintain a stable operating state under multiple triggers. The introduction of the low-remanence nanocrystalline magnetic core in this embodiment improves the switch's stability. It maintains reliable breakdown performance under various operating conditions, reducing switching failures caused by voltage variations, external interference, and other factors. Stable performance contributes to improved overall system reliability and reduced maintenance.

[0054] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the bottom of the trigger electrode 3 has a disc-shaped structure with a radius L1 of 10-13 mm and a thickness L2 of 0.5-2 mm. When the trigger pulse reaches the bottom of the trigger electrode, an electric field distortion is generated on the trigger disc, inducing rapid breakdown of the pre-ionization gap and generating ultraviolet to far-ultraviolet light radiation that irradiates the main gap. The main gap contains abundant initial electrons, reducing the difficulty of main gap breakdown and improving the breakdown stability of the main gap. The disc-shaped trigger structure is beneficial to improving the dispersion of pre-ionization points, reducing electrode ablation, and extending electrode life. The bottom of the trigger electrode adopts a disc-shaped design with a radius of 10-13 mm and a thickness of 0.5-2 mm, and the outer ring of the disc has a rounded chamfer. For example, in this embodiment, the thin disc-shaped structure at the bottom of the trigger electrode has an arc radius of 13 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0055] In this embodiment, the low-voltage electrode 1, high-voltage electrode 2, trigger electrode 3, low-voltage electrode holder 4, low-voltage electrode holder 5, and trigger electrode holder 6 are made of tungsten-nickel-copper alloy and stainless steel. The first insulating support 7 and the second insulating support 8 are made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Other embodiments may be used as alternative embodiments.

[0056] The principle of this embodiment is as follows: During operation, the high-voltage electrode is connected to a positive polarity DC high voltage, the low-voltage electrode is grounded through the magnetic core winding, and the trigger electrode receives a second-level negative polarity pulse voltage. When the trigger pulse value is higher than the breakdown voltage of the pre-ionization gap, the pre-ionization gap breaks down and discharges rapidly, and the main gap of the switch is pre-ionized with ultraviolet light in advance. At the same time, the low-voltage electrode 1 is rapidly pulled down to the negative pulse potential, and the overvoltage multiple of the main gap gradually increases to form the conduction of the gas switch. Meanwhile, the magnetic core is rapidly saturated under the action of the trigger pulse.

[0057] The breakdown of the main gap under the action of the trigger pulse helps to further reduce the operating coefficient of the switch; at the same time, the magnetic core gradually saturates under the action of the trigger pulse. By adjusting the magnetic core parameters so that the magnetic core is fully saturated slightly later than the switch breakdown time, it helps to reduce the dispersion of the overall breakdown of the magnetic core-assisted spark pre-electrode switch.

[0058] Two gas switches were prototyped using the structural design of this embodiment.

[0059] The high-voltage electrode is charged to 10%~70% of its operating coefficient, corresponding to a positive DC voltage. The low-voltage electrode is wound around a low-remanence nanocrystalline core and grounded, with two turns. The trigger electrode is connected to a -2.5kV / ns nanosecond-level trigger pulse via a 1nF isolation capacitor and a 300Ω isolation resistor. The discharge load is a 3μH inductor. The disk radius is 13mm, the thickness is 0.5mm, the pre-ionization gap is adjusted to 1mm, and the main gap is 3mm. Through switch breakdown characteristic experiments, the breakdown characteristic curves of two switches before and after the addition of the pre-ionization trigger electrode were measured. Figure 5-1 , Figure 5-2 It can be seen that after adding the pre-ionization structure, within a working factor range of 10% to 70%, the peak value of the single-switch breakdown trigger voltage is less than 30kV, and the jitter is less than 0.5kV. Figure 6 It can be seen that the switch can still break down at a 10% operating factor, with an overall delay of less than 1.3μs and a jitter of less than 63ns; at a 70% operating factor, the overall delay is less than 252ns and the jitter is less than 6ns, which well meets the application requirements of stable and reliable switch with a wide operating voltage range.

[0060] In summary, the magnetic core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized three-electrode gas in this embodiment uses spark pre-ionization to assist the gas switch discharge, which improves the stability of the discharge. Furthermore, the use of a disc-shaped trigger structure to guide pre-ionization reduces electrode erosion and extends the switch's lifespan. In addition, the introduction of the magnetic core causes the main gap to break down under the action of the trigger pulse, which helps to widen the switch's operating voltage range and reduce overall dispersion.

[0061] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic core assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri-electrode gas switch, characterized in that, The device includes a gas switch body, which comprises a low-voltage electrode, a high-voltage electrode, and a trigger electrode coaxially disposed inside an insulating support. The trigger electrode and the low-voltage electrode form a pre-ionization gap, and the trigger electrode and the high-voltage electrode form a main gap. The trigger electrode is used to receive a trigger pulse voltage. When the trigger pulse causes a strong field distortion at the bottom of the trigger electrode, the pre-ionization gap breaks down rapidly, and the main gap is subjected to ultraviolet pre-ionization. When the trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode, it induces the main gap of the gas switch to break down rapidly. The low-voltage electrode is grounded through a low-remanence nanocrystalline magnetic core. A trigger pulse reaches the low-voltage electrode, inducing breakdown of the main gap of the switch and saturation of the magnetic core. The bottom of the trigger electrode has a thin disc-shaped structure.

2. The core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri- electrode gas switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating support includes a first insulating support and a second insulating support; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the second insulating support through a high-voltage electrode holder, and the low-voltage electrode is connected to the first insulating support through a low-voltage electrode holder.

3. The core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri- electrode gas switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first insulating support is provided with a support groove, and the top of the trigger electrode is provided with a limiting block supported in the support groove. The limiting block is tightly connected to the groove wall of the support groove, and the top of the limiting block is also sleeved with a trigger electrode seat. The trigger electrode is coaxially suspended between the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode through the first insulating support and the trigger electrode seat, forming a switch sealed cavity.

4. The core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri- electrode gas switch according to claim 2, wherein, The second insulating support is connected to the high-voltage electrode base via a conductive connector, and the first insulating support is connected to the low-voltage electrode base via a conductive connector.

5. The core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri- electrode gas switch of claim 2, wherein, The high-voltage electrode is also used to connect to an external positive high-voltage DC power supply, the low-voltage electrode is used for grounding, and the trigger electrode is used to connect to an external nanosecond-level negative pulse.

6. The core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri- electrode gas switch according to claim 2, wherein, The high-voltage electrode holder and the low-voltage electrode holder are respectively provided with air holes for adjusting the air pressure in the switch cavity and for ventilation when the switch is working.

7. The core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri- electrode gas switch according to claim 2, wherein, The first and second insulating supports are designed with annular groove structures inside.

8. The core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri- electrode gas switch of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the low-voltage electrode has a circular arc-shaped structure, while the top of the high-voltage electrode has an elliptical arc-shaped structure.

9. The core-assisted coaxial pre-ionized tri- electrode gas switch of claim 1, wherein, The arc radius of the thin disc-shaped structure is 10~13mm, the thickness is 0.5~2mm, and the adjustment range of the trigger gap distance is 1~2mm.

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