Primary frequency modulation standby setting method and system for power system containing multi-type energy storage, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a primary frequency modulation standby setting method and system for a power system containing multiple types of energy storage, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of power system frequency stability control. Determining the maximum load disturbance quantity in different time periods and the charge state initial value of each energy storage type as the input data of the model, and establishing a frequency modulation-oriented dynamic and steady state constraint response model of the multi-type energy storage; and embedding the frequency modulation-oriented dynamic and steady state constraint response model of the multi-type energy storage into the primary frequency modulation standby setting model of the power system containing the multi-type energy storage as a frequency security constraint to obtain a frequency modulation standby setting result of each type of energy storage. The setting method adopted by the invention can effectively improve the safety and economy of the operation of the power system containing multiple types of energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system frequency stability control, and in particular to a method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium for primary frequency regulation standby setting of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage. Background Art

[0002] With the construction of new power systems, a single type of energy storage has gradually been unable to meet the power system's demand for energy storage. It has become an important trend to study more types of energy storage, give full play to the advantages of different energy storage and coordinate power sources to jointly maintain the safe and economical operation of the power system. At present, the construction of electrochemical energy storage has become increasingly mature, and the research on multiple types of energy storage such as compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, supercapacitors and pumped storage has also attracted more and more attention. Among them, compressed air energy storage (Compressed Air Energy Storage, CAES) is large in scale, low in cost, and has many demonstration projects, becoming one of the important energy storage development directions in the future.

[0003] At the same time, due to the uncertainty of wind and solar resources and the gradual reduction of the inertia of the power grid in the new power system, the frequency safety issue will become increasingly important in the future. When multiple types of energy storage are added to the power system, in order to participate in the frequency regulation application of the power system, it will be necessary to consider the impact of its primary frequency regulation reserve capacity on the frequency regulation capability of the power system. It is crucial to consider the dynamic and steady-state characteristics of different energy storages, take into account the state of charge constraints of the energy storage to set the operating point, and ensure that the reserved reserve capacity can meet the frequency safety and stability requirements of the power system.

[0004] Therefore, studying the problem of setting the primary frequency regulation reserve capacity of power systems containing multiple types of energy storage is an important direction for improving the frequency stability and operational economy of power systems in the future. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a primary frequency regulation standby setting method for an electric power system containing multiple types of energy storage, which can characterize the response characteristics of different types of energy storage, dynamically characterize the frequency of the electric power system containing multiple types of energy storage, and finally solve and optimize the standby capacity of each resource of the electric power system containing multiple types of energy storage.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage, comprising the following contents:

[0007] Obtain the past operation logs of the power system, determine the maximum load disturbance at different time periods and the initial state of charge of each energy storage type;

[0008] The maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial value of the state of charge of each energy storage type are used as the input data of the model to establish a dynamic and steady-state constraint response model for multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation.

[0009] The dynamic and steady-state constraint response models of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation are embedded as frequency security constraints into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage, and the frequency regulation reserve setting results of each type of energy storage are obtained.

[0010] Preferably, the maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial value of the state of charge of each energy storage type are used as the input data of the model to establish a dynamic and steady-state constraint response model for frequency modulation of multiple types of energy storage, and the specific content of analyzing the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model is as follows:

[0011] According to the electrochemical energy storage characteristics and the compressed air energy storage characteristics, an electrochemical energy storage dynamic model and a compressed air energy storage dynamic model are established respectively;

[0012] According to the influence of electrochemical energy storage dynamic model and compressed air energy storage dynamic model on frequency, a frequency dynamic model of power system with multiple types of energy storage is established, and the finite difference method is used to analyze the frequency dynamic model of power system.

[0013] The constraint combination is established for the analyzed power system frequency dynamic model to obtain the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model.

[0014] Preferably, the electrochemical energy storage dynamic model expression is:

[0015]

[0016] According to the characteristics difference between energy storage stage and energy release stage, dynamic models of compressed air energy storage are established respectively;

[0017] Among them, the expression of the compressed air energy storage dynamic model is:

[0018]

[0019] in, The actual response power of electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage respectively are the command powers of electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage, It is the active power instruction of compressed air energy storage in the energy storage stage. is the active power instruction of compressed air energy storage in the energy release stage, T b is the power response time constant of electrochemical energy storage, T c Characterizes the power regulation delay of compressed air energy storage during the compression phase, T w , T igvThey are the discharge delay of the compressed air turbine and the adjustment delay of the valve opening; γ is a 0 / 1 variable to characterize the working state of the compressed air energy storage. When γ=0, the compressed air energy storage is in the energy release state; when γ=1, the compressed air energy storage is in the compression state.

[0020] Preferably, the specific content of establishing a frequency dynamic model of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to the influence of the electrochemical energy storage dynamic model and the compressed air energy storage dynamic model on the frequency is:

[0021] In the energy storage stage, the frequency support model of compressed air energy storage is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Where P CAES,c is the active power adjustment of CAES in the energy storage stage, T c Characterized as the compressor power regulation time constant of CAES in the energy storage stage, K a is the frequency modulation coefficient of CAES participating in the primary frequency modulation, They represent the minimum / maximum value of the power regulation of CAES in the energy storage stage, f is the frequency disturbance of the power grid,

[0024] In the energy release stage, the frequency support model of compressed air energy storage is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, P CAES,r is the active power adjustment of the speed regulator in the energy release stage of CAES, T r , T igv are the discharge delay of the turbine compressing the air and the adjustment time constant of the valve opening, They represent the minimum / maximum value of the power regulation of CAES during the energy release stage. is the actual inertial support power of CAES, H CAES is the inertia time constant of the generator connected to the CAES;

[0027] The expression of the power system frequency dynamic model is:

[0028]

[0029] in, and are the speed controller power instructions for wind power, thermal power and compressed air energy storage, K b , K g and K aare the regulation coefficients of electrochemical energy storage, thermal power and compressed air energy storage when participating in primary frequency regulation, H b is the inertia time constant of electrochemical energy storage when participating in virtual inertia control, and They are the frequency regulation reserve capacity of thermal power, electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage respectively.

[0030] Preferably, the specific contents of establishing constraint combination for the analyzed power system frequency dynamic model to obtain dynamic and steady-state constraint response models are as follows:

[0031] Constraining the steady-state model according to the electrochemical energy storage, wherein the steady-state model constraints include a maximum power constraint, an efficiency constraint, and a SOC constraint of the electric energy storage;

[0032] The steady-state model is constrained according to the compressed air energy storage, and the steady-state model constraints include maximum power constraints, flow constraints and SOC safety constraints of the compressed air energy storage.

[0033] Preferably, the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation is embedded as a frequency security constraint into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage, and the specific contents of the frequency regulation reserve setting results of each type of energy storage are obtained as follows:

[0034] Establish the objective function of the power system;

[0035] Establish the maximum load disturbance of the power system and substitute the system frequency constraint solved by S2 into the operation constraint for optimization;

[0036] The reserve capacity of electrochemical energy storage, compressed air energy storage and thermal power is taken as variables for optimization and solution.

[0037] Preferably, the objective function of the power system is:

[0038]

[0039] Wherein, T is the number of power dispatching periods; N is the number of setting steps of power grid frequency disturbance; n is the time scale of power grid frequency disturbance; is the cost coefficient of thermal power generation; P g,t, is the power generation of thermal power in time period t; λ is the system frequency disturbance coefficient, df t,n is the frequency disturbance of the power system at the nth step at time t.

[0040] A primary frequency regulation standby setting system for a power system containing multiple types of energy storage, comprising:

[0041] Data acquisition module: obtains the past operation logs of the power system, determines the maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial value of the state of charge of each energy storage type;

[0042] Model building module: The maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial value of the state of charge of each energy storage type are used as the input data of the model to establish a dynamic and steady-state constraint response model for frequency regulation of multiple types of energy storage;

[0043] Result output module: The dynamic and steady-state constraint response models of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation are embedded as frequency security constraints into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage, and the frequency regulation reserve setting results of each type of energy storage are obtained.

[0044] An electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor calls the computer program in the memory, it implements the content of the primary frequency regulation standby setting method of an electric power system containing multiple types of energy storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

[0045] A storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which, when loaded and executed by a processor, implement the contents of the primary frequency regulation standby setting method for a power system containing multiple types of energy storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

[0046] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned method, system, electronic device and storage medium for setting the primary frequency regulation standby of an electric power system containing multiple types of energy storage, and constructs a frequency dynamic model of an electric power system containing multiple types of energy storage on the basis of considering the safety boundaries of multiple types of energy storage, and optimizes the primary frequency regulation standby capacity of various types of regulation resources, so as to improve the operating safety and economy of the electric power system containing multiple types of energy storage.

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a frequency dynamic model of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Example

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage includes the following steps:

[0054] Obtain the past operation logs of the power system, determine the maximum load disturbance at different time periods and the initial state of charge of each energy storage type;

[0055] The maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial state of charge of each energy storage type are used as the input data of the model to establish a dynamic and steady-state constraint response model for frequency regulation of multi-type energy storage.

[0056] Furthermore, the specific contents of establishing the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation are as follows:

[0057] According to the electrochemical energy storage characteristics and the compressed air energy storage characteristics, an electrochemical energy storage dynamic model and a compressed air energy storage dynamic model are established respectively;

[0058] The dynamic model expression of electrochemical energy storage is:

[0059]

[0060] According to the characteristics difference between energy storage stage and energy release stage, dynamic models of compressed air energy storage are established respectively;

[0061] Among them, the expression of the compressed air energy storage dynamic model is:

[0062]

[0063] in, The actual response power of electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage respectively are the command powers of electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage, It is the active power instruction of compressed air energy storage in the energy storage stage. is the active power instruction of compressed air energy storage in the energy release stage, T b is the power response time constant of electrochemical energy storage, T c Characterizes the power regulation delay of compressed air energy storage during the compression phase, T w , T igvThey are the discharge delay of the compressed air turbine and the adjustment delay of the valve opening; γ is a 0 / 1 variable to characterize the working state of the compressed air energy storage. When γ=0, the compressed air energy storage is in the energy release state; when γ=1, the compressed air energy storage is in the compression state.

[0064] H=H g +γH CAES ;

[0065] H g is the inertia time constant of thermal power, H CAES is the inertia time constant of compressed air energy storage.

[0066] In the energy storage stage, the frequency support model of compressed air energy storage is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Where P CAES,c T is the active power adjustment of CAES in the energy storage stage; c K is characterized by the compressor power regulation time constant of CAES in the energy storage stage; a The frequency modulation coefficient of CAES participating in the primary frequency modulation; They represent the minimum / maximum value of the power regulation of CAES in the energy storage stage respectively; f is the frequency disturbance of the power grid.

[0069] In the energy release phase, one part is the actual inertial support provided by the synchronous machine connected to the compressed air energy storage, and the other part is to adjust the air flow input to the turbine to change the discharge power. The response characteristics are affected by the physical characteristics of the air flow rate links such as the turbine and valve:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Among them, P CAES,r T is the active power adjustment of the speed regulator in the energy release stage of CAES; r , T igv are respectively the discharge delay of the turbine compressing the air and the regulating time constant of the valve opening; They represent the minimum / maximum value of the power regulation of CAES during the energy release stage; is the actual inertial support power of CAES; H CAES is the inertia time constant of the generator connected to the CAES.

[0073] According to the influence of electrochemical energy storage dynamic model and compressed air energy storage dynamic model on frequency, a frequency dynamic model of power system with multiple types of energy storage is established, and the finite difference method is used to analyze the frequency dynamic model of power system.

[0074] When considering the SFR classic model, the thermal power in the power grid can generally be aggregated into one unit, so the speed regulator model of the thermal power unit can be obtained:

[0075]

[0076] Where: ΔP g is the change in active power after the thermal power group is equalized, F H is the high pressure turbine coefficient of the equivalent thermal power unit, T R is the reheat time constant of the equivalent thermal power unit, It is the active power instruction of the thermal power speed governor.

[0077] When a power grid experiences power disturbances such as group faults or DC blocking, the swing equation is generally used to describe its frequency dynamics:

[0078]

[0079] Where: Δf is the frequency deviation of the power grid; H is the total inertia of the power grid; D is the damping coefficient; ΔP m is the sum of the power changes of each regulation resource; ΔP e It is the sum of the electromagnetic power of the system, and can also be equivalent to the power change of the DC at the sending end.

[0080] The present invention considers that in a power system containing multiple types of energy storage, compressed air energy storage and thermal power adopt droop control, and electrochemical energy storage adopts a combination of droop control and virtual inertia control to respond, and establishes the following response model:

[0081]

[0082] in, and are the speed controller power instructions for wind power, thermal power and compressed air energy storage, K b , K g and K a are the regulation coefficients of electrochemical energy storage, thermal power and compressed air energy storage when participating in primary frequency regulation, H b is the inertia time constant of electrochemical energy storage when participating in virtual inertia control, and They are the frequency regulation reserve capacity of thermal power, electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage respectively.

[0083]

[0084] Where Δf t,n Δf is the frequency change of the power grid at the nth step in period t; t,n-1 P is the frequency change of the power grid at the n-1th step in time period t; L,t is the total load of the upper power grid, ΔP L,t is the magnitude of active disturbance that the power grid may encounter during period t; d n is the difference step size, and are the power command disturbances of the speed regulator at the nth step length in period t for thermal power, electrochemical energy storage and CAES respectively; and are the power command disturbances of the speed regulator at the n-1th step length in period t for thermal power, electrochemical energy storage and CAES respectively; and are the actual power response disturbance of the speed regulator at the nth step length in period t for thermal power, electrochemical energy storage, CAES (storage) and CAES (release); They are respectively the actual power response disturbance of the speed regulator at the n-1th step length in the period t for thermal power and electrochemical energy storage; and are the actual power response disturbance of the speed regulator at the n-1th step length in the t period for CAES (storage) and CAES (release); and Represent the upward adjustment coefficients of thermal power, electrochemical energy storage and CAES respectively; H w A virtual inertial control constant representing the electrochemical energy storage; and They represent the reserve active power of thermal power, electrochemical energy storage and CAES in frequency regulation during period t. Equations (39), (41) and (43) all represent the regulation coefficient K and reserve status of the three frequency regulation resources when participating in the frequency increase event. The model framework is the same when the frequency decrease event occurs, so it will not be repeated. are the intermediate variables of the power response of the speed regulator at the n-1th step length during the period t for CAES (storage) and CAES (release); They are the intermediate variables of the power response of the speed regulator at the nth step in period t, namely CAES (storage) and CAES (release).

[0085] The constraint combination is established for the analyzed power system frequency dynamic model to obtain the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model.

[0086] In order to extend the service life of electrochemical energy storage, it is necessary to add constraints to its charge state to avoid overcharging and over-discharging. The following constraints need to be added:

[0087]

[0088] SOC b,min ≤SOC b,t ≤SOC b,max ;

[0089] In the formula, SOC b,t is the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage at time t, SOC b,t-1 is the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage at time t-1; E b is the rated capacity of electrochemical energy storage, and ηb is the charge and discharge efficiency of electrochemical energy storage.

[0090] The steady-state model constraints of compressed air energy storage are established, which takes into account the maximum power constraint of compressed air energy storage, flow rate, SOC and other safety constraints.

[0091]

[0092] SOC a,min ≤SOC a,t ≤SOC a,max ;

[0093] In the formula, SOC a,t is the state of charge of the compressed air energy storage at time t, SOC a,t-1 is the state of charge of the compressed air energy storage at time t-1, E a is the rated capacity of compressed air energy storage, η a It is the charging and discharging efficiency of compressed air energy storage.

[0094] When charging and discharging compressed air energy storage, it is necessary to consider the safety characteristics of the compressor under variable operating conditions. When the intake flow rate is too low, the compressor will surge. When the intake flow rate is too high, the compressor will be blocked. Therefore, constraints need to be added to ensure the safety of compressed air energy storage when participating in grid frequency modulation and steady-state scheduling. Since the compressor operates under non-operating conditions, the flow rate, pressure ratio, and speed of the compressor will deviate from the operating condition. And the compressor changes the charging power mainly by changing the valve angle to achieve the purpose of regulating the gas flow. The adjustment characteristics of the compressor in a wide load range, where the subscript d is the design value:

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, is the inlet temperature of the air flowing through the compressor; is the air mass flow rate through the compressor; is the inlet pressure of the compressor; Gc is the relative equivalent flow rate. Where b1 is 1.

[0097] Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the compressor in a wide load range, the mass flow rate must be constrained during the operation of compressed air energy storage:

[0098]

[0099] The dynamic and steady-state constraint response models of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation are embedded as frequency security constraints into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage, and the frequency regulation reserve setting results of each type of energy storage are obtained.

[0100] The specific contents of embedding the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation as frequency security constraint into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage are as follows:

[0101] Establish the objective function of the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system with multiple types of energy storage;

[0102] The expression of the objective function of the power system is:

[0103]

[0104] Wherein, T is the number of power dispatching periods; N is the number of setting steps of power grid frequency disturbance; n is the time scale of power grid frequency disturbance; is the cost coefficient of thermal power generation; P g,t, is the power generation of thermal power in time period t; λ is the system frequency disturbance coefficient, df t,n is the frequency disturbance of the power system at the nth step at time t.

[0105] Establish the maximum load disturbance of the power system and substitute the system frequency constraint solved by S2 into the operation constraint for optimization;

[0106] The operating constraints of the power system are established as:

[0107] |df t,n |≤|df nadir |;

[0108] Among them, df t,n is the frequency disturbance of the power system at the nth step in period t; df nadir It is the change in the safe minimum extreme point of the frequency specified by the power system;

[0109]

[0110] P a,t =γP ar,t +(1-γ)P ac,t ;

[0111] P L,tis the power load of the power system in period t, P g,t , P b,t , P a,t , P ac,t , P ar,t They are the active power of thermal power, electrochemical energy storage, compressed air energy storage, compressed air energy storage (storage) and compressed air energy storage (release) in period t respectively.

[0112]

[0113] The above formula is the climbing constraint of the synchronous machine, where They represent the upper reserve and lower reserve of thermal power in period t respectively. They represent the upper reserve and lower reserve of thermal power in the period t-1 respectively. and Respectively represent the minimum and maximum ramping amount of thermal power in each period; They represent the upper reserve and lower reserve of thermal power in period t respectively. They represent the upper reserve and lower reserve of thermal power in the period t-1 respectively.

[0114]

[0115] In the formula They are upper reserve and lower reserve of electric energy storage in period t respectively; are the upper reserve and lower reserve of compressed air energy storage in period t respectively; P b,max , P b,min , P a,max and P a,min They are the upper and lower power limits of electrochemical energy storage and the upper and lower power limits of compressed air energy storage respectively.

[0116] The reserve capacity of electrochemical energy storage, compressed air energy storage and thermal power is taken as variables for optimization and solution.

[0117] Will It is written as a variable in the program and the optimal solution is obtained using the gurobi solver. Thus, the optimal reserve capacity allocation result of the power system is obtained under the frequency security constraint.

[0118] A primary frequency regulation standby setting system for a power system containing multiple types of energy storage, comprising:

[0119] Data acquisition module: obtains the past operation logs of the power system, determines the maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial value of the state of charge of each energy storage type;

[0120] Model building module: The maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial value of the state of charge of each energy storage type are used as the input data of the model to establish a dynamic and steady-state constraint response model for frequency regulation of multiple types of energy storage;

[0121] Result output module: The dynamic and steady-state constraint response models of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation are embedded as frequency security constraints into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage, and the frequency regulation reserve setting results of each type of energy storage are obtained.

[0122] An electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor calls the computer program in the memory, it implements the content of the primary frequency regulation standby setting method of an electric power system containing multiple types of energy storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

[0123] A storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which, when loaded and executed by a processor, implement the contents of the primary frequency regulation standby setting method for a power system containing multiple types of energy storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

[0124] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for setting primary frequency regulation standby in a power system containing multiple types of energy storage, characterized in that: Includes the following: Obtain the past operation logs of the power system, determine the maximum load disturbance at different time periods and the initial state of charge of each energy storage type; The maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial state of charge of each energy storage type are used as the input data of the model to establish a dynamic and steady-state constraint response model for frequency regulation of multi-type energy storage. The dynamic and steady-state constraint response models of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation are embedded as frequency security constraints into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage, and the frequency regulation reserve setting results of each type of energy storage are obtained.

2. A method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific contents of establishing the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation are as follows: According to the electrochemical energy storage characteristics and the compressed air energy storage characteristics, an electrochemical energy storage dynamic model and a compressed air energy storage dynamic model are established respectively; According to the influence of electrochemical energy storage dynamic model and compressed air energy storage dynamic model on frequency, a frequency dynamic model of power system with multiple types of energy storage is established, and the finite difference method is used to analyze the frequency dynamic model of power system. The constraint combination is established for the analyzed power system frequency dynamic model to obtain the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model.

3. A method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dynamic model expression of electrochemical energy storage is: According to the characteristics difference between energy storage stage and energy release stage, dynamic models of compressed air energy storage are established respectively; Among them, the expression of the compressed air energy storage dynamic model is: in, The actual response power of electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage respectively are the command powers of electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage, It is the active power instruction of compressed air energy storage in the energy storage stage. is the active power instruction of compressed air energy storage in the energy release stage, T b is the power response time constant of electrochemical energy storage, T c Characterizes the power regulation delay of compressed air energy storage during the compression phase, T w , T igv They are the discharge delay of the compressed air turbine and the adjustment delay of the valve opening; γ is a 0 / 1 variable to characterize the working state of the compressed air energy storage. When γ=0, the compressed air energy storage is in the energy release state; when γ=1, the compressed air energy storage is in the compression state.

4. A method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific contents of establishing the frequency dynamic model of the power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to the influence of the electrochemical energy storage dynamic model and the compressed air energy storage dynamic model on the frequency are as follows: In the energy storage stage, the frequency support model of compressed air energy storage is as follows: Where P CAES,c is the active power adjustment of CAES in the energy storage stage, T c Characterized as the compressor power regulation time constant of CAES in the energy storage stage, K a is the frequency modulation coefficient of CAES participating in the primary frequency modulation, They represent the minimum / maximum value of the power regulation of CAES in the energy storage stage, f is the frequency disturbance of the power grid, In the energy release stage, the frequency support model of compressed air energy storage is as follows: Among them, P CAES,r is the active power adjustment of the speed regulator in the energy release stage of CAES, T r , T igv are the discharge delay of the turbine compressing the air and the adjustment time constant of the valve opening, They represent the minimum / maximum value of the power regulation of CAES during the energy release stage. is the actual inertial support power of CAES, H CAES is the inertia time constant of the generator connected to the CAES; The expression of the power system frequency dynamic model is: in, and are the speed controller power instructions for wind power, thermal power and compressed air energy storage, K b , K g and K a are the regulation coefficients of electrochemical energy storage, thermal power and compressed air energy storage when participating in primary frequency regulation, H b is the inertia time constant of electrochemical energy storage when participating in virtual inertia control, and They are the frequency regulation reserve capacity of thermal power, electrochemical energy storage and compressed air energy storage respectively.

5. A method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific contents of the dynamic and steady-state constraint response models obtained by establishing constraint combinations for the analyzed power system frequency dynamic model are as follows: Constraining the steady-state model according to the electrochemical energy storage, wherein the steady-state model constraints include a maximum power constraint, an efficiency constraint, and a SOC constraint of the electric energy storage; The steady-state model is constrained according to the compressed air energy storage, and the steady-state model constraints include maximum power constraints, flow constraints and SOC safety constraints of the compressed air energy storage.

6. A method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific contents of embedding the dynamic and steady-state constraint response model of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation as frequency security constraint into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage are as follows: Establish the objective function of the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system with multiple types of energy storage; Establish the maximum load disturbance of the power system and substitute the solved system frequency constraint into the operation constraint for optimization; The reserve capacity of electrochemical energy storage, compressed air energy storage and thermal power is taken as variables for optimization and solution.

7. A method for setting primary frequency regulation standby of a power system containing multiple types of energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expression of the objective function of the power system is: Wherein, T is the number of power dispatching periods; N is the number of setting steps of power grid frequency disturbance; n is the time scale of power grid frequency disturbance; is the cost coefficient of thermal power generation; P g,t, is the power generation of thermal power in time period t; λ is the system frequency disturbance coefficient, df t,n is the frequency disturbance of the power system at the nth step at time t.

8. A primary frequency regulation standby setting system for a power system containing multiple types of energy storage, which implements the content of the primary frequency regulation standby setting method for a power system containing multiple types of energy storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module: obtains the past operation logs of the power system, determines the maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial value of the state of charge of each energy storage type; Model building module: The maximum load disturbance in different time periods and the initial value of the state of charge of each energy storage type are used as the input data of the model to establish a dynamic and steady-state constraint response model for frequency regulation of multiple types of energy storage; Result output module: The dynamic and steady-state constraint response models of multi-type energy storage for frequency regulation are embedded as frequency security constraints into the primary frequency regulation reserve setting model of the power system containing multi-type energy storage, and the frequency regulation reserve setting results of each type of energy storage are obtained.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor calls the computer program in the memory, it implements the content of the primary frequency regulation standby setting method of the power system containing multiple types of energy storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores computer executable instructions, which, when loaded and executed by the processor, implement the contents of the primary frequency regulation standby setting method for a power system containing multiple types of energy storage as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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