Omnidirectional antenna and distributed antenna system

Abstract

The invention provides an omnidirectional antenna and a distributed antenna system, and relates to the technical field of antennas. The omnidirectional antenna comprises an upper cone oscillator, a lower cone oscillator, a dielectric plate and an auxiliary branch knot. The upper cone oscillator and the lower cone oscillator are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the cone top of the upper cone oscillator is opposite to the cone top of the lower cone oscillator; the dielectric plate is perpendicular to the first direction, the dielectric plate comprises a plurality of radiation structures, and the plurality of radiation structures are arranged in a circular array around the cone top; the auxiliary branch knot is made of a conductor, and the auxiliary branch knot is connected to one or more of the upper cone oscillator, the lower cone oscillator and the dielectric plate.

Description

Omnidirectional antennas and distributed antenna systems Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an omnidirectional antenna and a distributed antenna system. Background Art

[0002] As urbanization continues to increase, building density within cities continues to rise. Densely packed buildings can easily block wireless signals, impacting wireless communication quality. To address this issue, omnidirectional antennas installed inside buildings have emerged. The signal between indoor omnidirectional antennas and communication terminals is easily affected by obstacles and other electrical devices, resulting in reduced signal strength and a poor signal-to-noise ratio. Improving the performance of omnidirectional antennas and improving communication quality is a pressing technical challenge.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an omnidirectional antenna and a distributed antenna system, which improve communication quality.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present disclosure adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, an omnidirectional antenna is provided, comprising an upper conical oscillator, a lower conical oscillator, a dielectric plate, and an auxiliary branch;

[0007] The upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the cone tops of the upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator are opposite to each other;

[0008] The dielectric plate is perpendicular to the first direction, and includes a plurality of radiating structures, wherein the plurality of radiating structures are arranged in a circular array around the cone top;

[0009] The auxiliary branch is made of a conductor and is connected to one or more of the upper cone oscillator, the lower cone oscillator and the dielectric plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the auxiliary branch includes a gain branch, the gain branch is disposed on the dielectric plate, and the gain branch is located between two adjacent radiation structures and is spaced apart from the radiation structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the dielectric plate includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a dielectric substrate located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the radiating structure is located in the first conductive layer, the second conductive layer includes a grounding structure, and the gain branch is connected to a side of the dielectric substrate facing the first conductive layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gain branches are provided between two adjacent radiation structures.

[0013] In some embodiments, the gain branch extends radially along the circular array, and the two radiation structures adjacent to the gain branch are symmetrically arranged relative to the gain branch.

[0014] In some embodiments, the gain branch includes multiple gain sub-branches, and the multiple gain sub-branches within the same gain branch are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array, or the multiple gain sub-branches within the same gain branch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the circular array.

[0015] In some embodiments, the symmetry line of two adjacent radiation structures is a first symmetry line, and when the multiple gain sub-branches in the same gain branch are arranged at circumferential intervals along the circular array, the multiple gain sub-branches in the same gain branch are symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetry line.

[0016] In some embodiments, the gain branch is located in the first conductive layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, the gain branch includes a main body extending along the radial direction of the circular array and a plurality of branches connected to the main body, wherein the plurality of branches are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array.

[0018] In some embodiments, the main body is rectangular, prismatic, trapezoidal, wavy, or irregular in shape.

[0019] In some embodiments, the radiating structure includes a radiating dipole, and both opposite ends of the radiating dipole include a bent portion extending toward the center of the circular array.

[0020] In some embodiments, an end of the gain branch away from the center of the circular array is disposed opposite to the bending portion.

[0021] In some embodiments, the second conductive layer further includes a complementary dipole, the orthographic projections of the radiating dipole and the complementary dipole on the dielectric substrate do not overlap, and the complementary dipole and the gain branch are both electrically connected to the ground structure.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first conductive layer further includes a power divider and a balun, and the power divider is electrically connected to the balun.

[0023] In some embodiments, the gain branch is connected to a side of the dielectric substrate facing the first conductive layer, and the gain branch protrudes out of the first conductive layer along the first direction.

[0024] In some embodiments, the auxiliary branches further include parasitic branches, and the parasitic branches are protrudingly provided on the outer surface of one or more of the upper cone oscillator, the lower cone oscillator, and the dielectric plate.

[0025] In some embodiments, the parasitic branches are arranged around the circumference of the upper cone oscillator or the lower cone oscillator.

[0026] In some embodiments, the parasitic branch is annular and is sleeved on the outer surface of the upper cone oscillator or the lower cone oscillator;

[0027] Or, it includes a plurality of parasitic branches, and the plurality of parasitic branches are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the upper cone oscillator or the lower cone oscillator.

[0028] In some embodiments, the extending direction of the virtual line connecting the antenna unit and the center of the circular array is the second direction, and the extending direction of the symmetry line of two adjacent virtual lines is the third direction;

[0029] The parasitic branches extend along the second direction or the third direction on the orthographic projection of the dielectric plate, and a plurality of the parasitic branches are evenly arranged along the circumference of the upper cone oscillator or the lower cone oscillator.

[0030] In some embodiments, the number of the parasitic branches is n times or 1 / n of the number of the antenna units, where n is a natural number and n≥1.

[0031] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the lower cone oscillator on the dielectric plate covers the orthographic projection of the upper cone oscillator on the dielectric plate, the upper cone oscillator includes a conical surface and a cylindrical surface connected to the conical surface at one end away from the lower cone oscillator, and the parasitic branch is connected to the cylindrical surface.

[0032] In some embodiments, an end of the parasitic branch away from the upper cone oscillator is inclined toward the dielectric plate.

[0033] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the lower cone oscillator on the dielectric plate covers the orthographic projection of the upper cone oscillator on the dielectric plate, the first end of the parasitic branch is connected to the lower cone oscillator, and the second end of the parasitic branch is connected to and passes through the dielectric plate.

[0034] In some embodiments, the dielectric plate is provided with a mounting hole, and the second end of the parasitic branch is passed through the mounting hole.

[0035] In some embodiments, the parasitic stub is electrically connected to the gain stub, and the parasitic stub extends along the first direction.

[0036] In another aspect, an omnidirectional antenna is provided, comprising an upper conical dipole, a lower conical dipole, a dielectric plate, and a parasitic branch;

[0037] The upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the cone tops of the upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator are opposite to each other;

[0038] The dielectric plate is perpendicular to the first direction, and includes a plurality of radiating structures, wherein the plurality of radiating structures are arranged in a circular array around the cone top;

[0039] The parasitic branch is made of a conductor, is electrically connected to the upper cone oscillator and protrudes from the outer surface of the upper cone oscillator, or is electrically connected to the lower cone oscillator and protrudes from the outer surface of the lower cone oscillator.

[0040] In some embodiments, the omnidirectional antenna further includes a plurality of fixing brackets, one end of each fixing bracket is riveted to the upper cone oscillator, and the other end of each fixing bracket is riveted to the lower cone oscillator, and the plurality of fixing brackets are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the upper cone oscillator.

[0041] In some embodiments, the omnidirectional antenna further includes a fixing tube, a first end of the fixing tube is fixedly connected to the lower cone oscillator, and the cone top of the upper cone oscillator is inserted into the second end of the fixing tube.

[0042] In some embodiments, a groove is provided at an end of the lower cone oscillator facing the upper cone oscillator, and the first end of the fixing tube is inserted into the groove.

[0043] In some embodiments, the groove includes a plurality of sub-grooves spaced apart along the circumference of the lower cone oscillator, and the first end of the fixing cylinder is provided with a plurality of positioning portions, which are inserted into the sub-grooves.

[0044] In some embodiments, the dielectric plate is located between the upper cone oscillator and the lower cone oscillator and is fixed to the lower cone oscillator. The dielectric plate is provided with a hollow area at a position corresponding to the cone top, and the first end of the fixing tube is inserted into the hollow area and fixedly connected to the dielectric plate.

[0045] On the other hand, an omnidirectional antenna is provided, comprising a dielectric plate and a gain branch;

[0046] The dielectric plate includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a dielectric substrate located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the first conductive layer includes a plurality of radiating structures, and the plurality of radiating structures are arranged in a circular array around the cone top, and the second conductive layer includes a grounding structure;

[0047] The gain branch is connected to a side of the dielectric substrate facing the first conductive layer, and is located between two adjacent radiation structures. The gain branch is made of a conductor and is spaced apart from the radiation structure.

[0048] On the other hand, a distributed antenna system is provided, comprising the omnidirectional antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0050] FIG1 exemplarily shows an application scenario diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0051] FIG2 is a view of the omnidirectional antenna in FIG1 in direction A;

[0052] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of BB in FIG2 ;

[0053] FIG4 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0054] FIG5 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0055] FIG6 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of a fixing frame;

[0056] FIG7 exemplarily shows a partial structural exploded view of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0057] FIG8 exemplarily shows a partial structural exploded view of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0058] FIG9 exemplarily shows a cross-sectional view of a dielectric plate;

[0059] FIG10 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0060] FIG11 exemplarily shows a cross-sectional view of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0061] FIG12 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0062] FIG13 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0063] FIG14 exemplarily shows a cross-sectional view of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0064] FIG15 exemplarily shows a top view of a partial structure of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0065] FIG16 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0066] FIG17 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of an omnidirectional antenna without parasitic branches;

[0067] FIG18 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna shown in FIG10 ;

[0068] FIG19 shows the standing wave of an omnidirectional antenna without parasitic branches;

[0069] FIG20 shows the standing wave of the omnidirectional antenna shown in FIG10 ;

[0070] FIG21 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0071] FIG22 is a top view of FIG21;

[0072] FIG23 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0073] FIG24 exemplarily shows a front view of a dielectric plate;

[0074] FIG25 exemplarily shows a back view of a dielectric plate;

[0075] FIG26 exemplarily shows a perspective view of a dielectric plate;

[0076] FIG27 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of a dielectric plate;

[0077] FIG28 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna including the dielectric plate shown in FIG26;

[0078] FIG29 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna including the dielectric plate shown in FIG27;

[0079] FIG30 shows an S-parameter diagram of the omnidirectional antenna including the dielectric plate shown in FIG26;

[0080] FIG31 shows an S-parameter diagram of the omnidirectional antenna including the dielectric plate shown in FIG27;

[0081] FIG32 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate;

[0082] FIG33 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna including the dielectric plate shown in FIG32;

[0083] FIG34 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate;

[0084] FIG35 shows a structural diagram of a gain branch in the dielectric plate shown in FIG27;

[0085] FIG36 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate;

[0086] FIG37 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna including the dielectric plate shown in FIG36;

[0087] FIG38 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate;

[0088] FIG39 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna including the dielectric plate shown in FIG38;

[0089] FIG40 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate;

[0090] FIG41 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0091] FIG42 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna shown in FIG41;

[0092] FIG43 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna;

[0093] FIG44 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna shown in FIG43;

[0094] FIG45 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of another omnidirectional antenna;

[0095] FIG46 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of another omnidirectional antenna. Specific embodiments

[0096] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0097] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, words such as "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used to distinguish between identical or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. This is only for the purpose of clearly describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0098] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “a plurality of” means two or more, and “at least one” means one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0099] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper” and “lower” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present disclosure.

[0100] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a distributed antenna system that can be applied to buildings such as parking lots, office buildings, hotels, apartments, stations, airports, shopping malls, and stadiums to improve the quality of mobile communications within the buildings.

[0101] The distributed antenna system includes multiple omnidirectional antennas, which are distributed at different locations in the building to improve the signal coverage of the distributed antenna system. Among them, the omnidirectional antenna can be formed in various ways. For the convenience of description, the embodiment of this disclosure only uses the omnidirectional antenna as a ceiling-mounted room antenna as an example for illustrative explanation. Figure 1 shows an application scenario diagram of an omnidirectional antenna. As shown in Figure 1, the omnidirectional antenna is located in the building and is hoisted on the top of the building. The user's communication terminal 2000 realizes wireless communication through the omnidirectional antenna 1000.

[0102] Exemplarily, the distributed antenna system also includes a signal source, a coupler, a power splitter 30, RF coaxial cables, cable connectors, and other components. Signals from the signal source are split by the coupler, power splitter 30, and other components, and then distributed to multiple omnidirectional antennas 1000 via the RF coaxial cables. The signal source can be a base station, repeater, or other device in a wireless communication system.

[0103] Example 1

[0104] Figure 2 is a view of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 in Figure 1 taken along line A, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in Figure 2. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the omnidirectional antenna 1000 includes a radome 110 and upper and lower conical elements 120 and 130, and a dielectric plate 140 disposed within the radome 110.

[0105] Figure 4 illustrates a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. For convenience, only the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130, and signal lines are shown in Figure 4, without showing structures such as the radome 110 and dielectric plate 140. As shown in Figure 4, the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130 are spaced apart along a first direction Y, with their apexes facing each other. The upper and lower conical elements 120, 130 are configured to generate vertically polarized radiation.

[0106] The radome 110 is used to connect and protect the upper cone oscillator 120, the lower cone oscillator 130, the dielectric plate 140, and other components within the omnidirectional antenna 1000. The radome 110 has good electromagnetic wave permeability. For example, the radome 110 is made of plastic material.

[0107] When the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is installed in the manner shown in Figure 1, the lower cone oscillator 130 is located at the top, and the upper cone oscillator 120 is located at the bottom. The upper cone oscillator 120 and the lower cone oscillator 130 are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the ground, that is, the first direction Y is perpendicular to the ground.

[0108] The upper and lower cone oscillators 120 and 130 are both thin-shell structures, and each includes a conical surface, the tip of which is the apex. The conical surface can be a circular cone, a pyramid, a truncated cone, a truncated pyramid, or other irregular conical surfaces, as long as the size of the conical surface gradually decreases from the end away from the apex to the end of the apex. The disclosed embodiments utilize conical and truncated cone surfaces as examples for illustrative purposes only.

[0109] Continuing with FIG4 , upper cone oscillator 120 includes an upper cone surface 121 and an upper cylindrical surface 122. Upper cylindrical surface 122 is connected to an end of upper cone surface 121 away from lower cone oscillator 130. For example, when upper cone surface 121 is a conical surface, upper cylindrical surface 122 is a cylindrical surface; when upper cone surface 121 is a pyramidal surface, upper cylindrical surface 122 is a prismatic surface.

[0110] Of course, the lower cone vibrator 130 may also include a lower cone surface and a lower cylindrical surface, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0111] For example, the end of the upper cone vibrator 120 away from the lower cone vibrator 130 and the end of the lower cone vibrator 130 away from the upper cone vibrator 120 may also be sawtooth-shaped.

[0112] Exemplarily, the upper cone vibrator 120 is symmetrical with respect to its own central axis, the lower cone vibrator 130 is symmetrical with respect to its own central axis, and the central axis of the upper cone vibrator 120 coincides with the central axis of the lower cone vibrator 130 .

[0113] The upper and lower cone elements 120 and 130 can be made of a conductor, such as metal or carbon fiber. For example, referring again to FIG4 , the omnidirectional antenna 1000 can further include a signal line. The signal line includes a core line 1 and a shielding line 2 sheathed around the core line 1. The shielding line 2 is electrically connected to the lower cone element 130, and the core line 1 is electrically connected to the upper cone element 120. The core line 1 is insulated from the lower cone element 130. Signals can be sent to the upper and lower cone elements 120 and 130 via the signal line to stimulate the upper and lower cone elements 120 and 130 to produce vertically polarized radiation.

[0114] The relative positions of the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130 directly affect the performance of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. Therefore, the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130 need to be fixed to prevent their relative positions from changing. In related art, signal lines are typically used to secure the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130. For example, the core wire 1 and shield wire 2 of the signal line are relatively fixed, with the core wire 1 connecting to the upper and lower conical elements 120 and the shield wire 2 connecting to the lower and lower conical elements 130, thereby securing the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130. However, because the core wire 1 is relatively thin and flexible, the upper and lower conical elements 120 are susceptible to swinging relative to the lower and lower conical elements 130 when the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is subjected to vibration.

[0115] In view of this, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, a separate fixing member can be provided to fix the upper cone vibrator 120 and the lower cone vibrator 130. The fixing member can have various structures. The following describes several possible fixing member structures and the connection methods of the fixing member to the upper cone vibrator 120 and the lower cone vibrator 130.

[0116] Figure 5 illustrates a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 5 , the fixing components may include multiple fixing brackets 150, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the upper conical element 120. One end of each fixing bracket 150 is fixedly connected to the upper conical element 120, and the other end of each fixing bracket 150 is fixedly connected to the lower conical element 130.

[0117] Exemplarily, the fixed connection between the fixing frame 150 and the upper cone vibrator 120 and the lower cone vibrator 130 can be bonding, ultrasonic welding, riveting, clamping, etc., or the fixing frame 150 and the upper cone vibrator 120 and / or the lower cone vibrator 130 can be processed into an integrated structure through an integrated molding process.

[0118] FIG6 exemplarily illustrates a structural diagram of a fixing bracket 150. For example, as shown in FIG5 and FIG6 , the lower cone oscillator 130 is a frustum of a cone, which includes a plane facing the upper cone oscillator 120. The fixing bracket 150 includes a first connecting portion 153 connected to the plane of the lower cone oscillator 130, a second connecting portion 151 connected to the upper cone oscillator 120, and a supporting portion 152 located between the first connecting portion 153 and the second connecting portion 151. The supporting portion 152 extends along a first direction Y, and the second connecting portion 151 is inclined at a certain angle relative to the first direction Y so that the second connecting portion 151 is in contact with the surface of the upper cone oscillator 120. The first connecting portion 153 extends along a second direction X so that the first connecting portion 153 is in contact with the plane of the lower cone oscillator 130.

[0119] Multiple fixing brackets 150 can be evenly distributed along the circumference of the cone apex. Figure 5 illustrates a configuration including three fixing brackets 150. When three fixing brackets 150 are included, the angle between two adjacent fixing brackets 150 is 120°. This reduces the number of fixing brackets 150 while ensuring a secure connection between the upper cone oscillator 120 and the lower cone oscillator 130. Of course, the number of fixing brackets 150 can also be two, four, five, six, etc., and the present disclosure does not limit the number of fixing brackets 150.

[0120] Figure 7 exemplarily shows a partial exploded view of the structure of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 7 , the fixing member may include a fixing tube 160, a first end of which is fixedly connected to the lower conical oscillator 130, and a cone top of the upper conical oscillator 120 is inserted into the second end of the fixing tube 160.

[0121] After the cone top of the upper cone vibrator 120 is inserted into the second end of the fixing tube 160, it can be fixedly connected to the fixing tube 160 to limit the rotation of the upper cone vibrator 120 relative to the fixing tube 160. The fixing frame 150 and the upper cone vibrator 120 can be fixedly connected by bonding, ultrasonic welding, riveting, clamping, etc.

[0122] For example, referring again to FIG7 , the fixing cylinder 160 includes a cylindrical body 162 and a conical opening 161 connected to one end of the cylindrical body 162. The apex of the upper cone vibrator 120 is inserted into the conical opening 161. The taper of the conical opening 161 can be the same as that of the apex of the upper cone vibrator 120. This ensures that when the apex of the upper cone vibrator 120 is inserted into the conical opening 161, the outer surface of the upper cone vibrator 120 fits against the inner wall of the conical opening 161, thereby further strengthening the connection between the upper cone vibrator 120 and the fixing cylinder 160.

[0123] The fixing cylinder 160 is fixedly connected to the lower cone vibrator 130, which means that the fixing cylinder 160 and the lower cone vibrator 130 cannot move relative to each other along the first direction. The fixing cylinder 160 and the lower cone vibrator 130 can rotate relative to each other around the first direction Y, or they can not rotate relative to each other.

[0124] The end of the lower cone oscillator 130 facing the upper cone oscillator 120 may be provided with a groove 131, and the first end of the fixing cylinder 160 is inserted into the groove 131. The first end of the fixing cylinder 160 cooperates with the groove 131 to fix the fixing cylinder 160 to the lower cone oscillator 130, making assembly more convenient.

[0125] Exemplarily, lower cone oscillator 130 includes a flat surface facing upper cone oscillator 120, with a first annular wall protruding from the flat surface and a second wall sleeved outside the first wall. The first and second walls are spaced apart and form a groove 131. The first end of fixing tube 160 is inserted between the first and second walls.

[0126] Among them, the first end of the fixed cylinder 160 can rotate along the first wall and the second wall, or the first end of the fixed cylinder 160 is fixedly set relative to the first wall and the second wall, for example, the first end of the fixed cylinder 160 is interference fit with the first wall and the second wall; adhesive is filled between the first end of the fixed cylinder 160 and the first wall and the second wall, etc.

[0127] Of course, the structure of groove 131 is not limited to this. Alternatively, groove 131 may be formed by the lower cone oscillator 130 being recessed in a direction away from the upper cone oscillator 120, along the plane of the lower cone oscillator 130. The first end of the fixing cylinder 160 is also not limited to a cylindrical shape. The cross-sectional shape of the first end of the fixing cylinder 160 perpendicular to the first direction Y may also be triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, or other irregular shapes. In this case, the first and second walls forming groove 131 may be modified to suit the shape of the first end of the fixing cylinder 160.

[0128] Figure 8 exemplarily illustrates a partial exploded view of the structure of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 8 , the groove 131 may include multiple sub-grooves, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the lower cone oscillator 130. The first end of the fixing tube 160 is provided with multiple positioning portions 163, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the fixing tube 160. The positioning portions 163 are inserted into the sub-grooves to secure the fixing tube 160 and the lower cone oscillator 130. Because the multiple sub-grooves are spaced apart, the positioning portions 163 cannot rotate from one sub-groove to another, thereby limiting the rotation of the fixing tube 160 relative to the lower cone oscillator 130. For example, when the size of the positioning portion 163 is the same as that of the groove 131, the positioning portion 163 cannot rotate within the sub-groove after being inserted into the sub-groove.

[0129] Exemplarily, with continued reference to FIG8 , the groove 131 includes two sub-grooves, both of which are arc-shaped. The first end of the fixing cylinder 160 is provided with two positioning portions 163 , and the positioning portions 163 correspond one-to-one to the sub-grooves.

[0130] Of course, it is also possible to include both the fixing frame 150 and the fixing cylinder 160. In actual application, it can be flexibly configured according to actual needs.

[0131] It should be noted that the fixing frame 150 and the fixing cylinder 160 are both made of insulating material (such as plastic) to prevent the upper cone vibrator 120 and the lower cone vibrator 130 from being short-circuited through the fixing frame 150 and the fixing cylinder 160 .

[0132] Continuing with Figure 3 , dielectric plate 140 is perpendicular to first direction Y, that is, the plane of dielectric plate 140 extends along second direction X. Dielectric plate 140 can be positioned in various ways along first direction Y. For example, dielectric plate 140 can be positioned between upper cone element 120 and lower cone element 130, on the side of lower cone element 130 away from upper cone element 120, or on the side of upper cone element 120 away from lower cone element 130. In actual applications, to reduce the size of omnidirectional antenna 1000, dielectric plate 140 can be positioned between upper cone element 120 and lower cone element 130, or on the side of lower cone element 130 away from upper cone element 120.

[0133] When the dielectric plate 140 is located between the upper cone oscillator 120 and the lower cone oscillator 130 , a hollow region 140 a is defined at the position corresponding to the cone top of the dielectric plate 140 . The hollow region 140 a penetrates the dielectric plate 140 along the first direction Y. The core wire 1 can pass through the hollow region 140 a to electrically connect to the upper cone oscillator 120 .

[0134] Exemplarily, the dielectric plate 140 is circular, and the center area of ​​the dielectric plate 140 is the hollow area 140 a .

[0135] 9 exemplarily shows a cross-sectional view of a dielectric plate 140. As shown in FIG9 , the dielectric plate 140 may include a first conductive layer 142, a second conductive layer 143, and a dielectric substrate 141 located between the first conductive layer 142 and the second conductive layer 143.

[0136] The dielectric substrate 141 can be a glass substrate, a polytetrafluoroethylene fiberglass pressboard, an epoxy resin substrate, a polyimide substrate, or the like. The present disclosure does not limit the material of the dielectric substrate 141. The first conductive layer 142 and the second conductive layer 143 are made of a conductor, such as aluminum, copper, silver, or gold. The first conductive layer 142 covers one side of the dielectric substrate 141, and the second conductive layer 143 covers the opposite side of the dielectric substrate 141.

[0137] Exemplarily, the dielectric plate 140 is manufactured by a printed circuit board (PCB) process.

[0138] The first conductive layer 142 includes a radiating structure, the second conductive layer 143 includes a grounding structure 50, and the radiating structure, the grounding structure 50, and the dielectric substrate 141 located between the radiating structure and the grounding structure 50 constitute an antenna unit. The antenna unit is configured to generate horizontal polarization radiation.

[0139] The first conductive layer 142 may include multiple radiating structures arranged in a circular array around the top of the cone. Each radiating structure, together with the ground structure 50 and the dielectric substrate 141, forms an antenna unit. The dielectric substrate 140 includes multiple antenna units, which form an antenna array.

[0140] Exemplarily, when the dielectric plate 140 is circular, the plurality of radiation structures are arranged in an array along the edge of the dielectric plate 140 .

[0141] The antenna unit can be a patch antenna unit or a dipole antenna unit. When the antenna unit is a patch antenna unit, the radiating structure is a radiating patch. The shape of the radiating patch can be a polygon such as a circle, ellipse, rectangle, triangle, or other irregular shape, and is not limited to this in the undisclosed embodiments. When the antenna unit is a dipole antenna unit, the radiating structure is a radiating dipole 10. The following description uses the dipole antenna unit as an example.

[0142] In order to improve the performance of the omnidirectional antenna 1000, the embodiment of the present disclosure sets auxiliary branches in one or more of the upper cone oscillator 120, the lower cone oscillator 130 and the dielectric plate 143. The auxiliary branches may include gain branches, parasitic branches, or both gain branches and auxiliary branches.

[0143] Among them, two important parameters of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 include the beam width and gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 .

[0144] To increase the beam width of the omnidirectional antenna 1000, the following methods are generally used in related technologies:

[0145] 1. Using a multi-stage resonant ring antenna unit to broaden the beam width of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. However, the multi-stage resonant ring antenna unit has a complex structure and requires significant modifications to the existing dielectric plate 140.

[0146] 2. Reduce the number of antenna units in the dielectric plate 140. However, as the number of antenna units decreases, the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 decreases.

[0147] 3. Adding a curved reflector plate. However, adding a curved reflector plate makes the structure of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 more complicated and increases the size and cost of the omnidirectional antenna 1000.

[0148] Therefore, while ensuring that the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 remains basically unchanged, improving the beam width of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 while taking into account the characteristics of compact structure, low cost, and little difference in structure with the existing omnidirectional antenna 1000 has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0149] In view of this, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, parasitic branches 20 are provided on the upper conical dipole 120 and / or the lower conical dipole 130 to increase the beamwidth of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. The following describes the cases where the parasitic branches 20 are provided on the upper conical dipole 120 and the lower conical dipole 130, respectively.

[0150] First, let's describe the parasitic branch 20 installed on the upper conical element 120. The parasitic branch 20 is electrically connected to the upper conical element 120 and protrudes from its outer surface. The parasitic branch 20 is made of a conductor. Current flows through the upper conical element 120, through the parasitic branch 20, and then back to the upper conical element 120, forming a closed loop. This closed loop lengthens the current path, making the current distribution more uniform and covering areas of weak current. This in turn affects the synthesis of the horizontally polarized radiation pattern, thereby widening the horizontally polarized antenna's beamwidth.

[0151] In practical applications, the parasitic branch 20 can be integrally formed with the upper cone vibrator 120, such as by casting, stamping, or other processes. The parasitic branch 20 can also be connected to the upper cone vibrator 120, for example, by riveting, clamping, welding, or screwing. The disclosed embodiments do not limit the method of connecting the parasitic branch 20 to the upper cone vibrator 120.

[0152] The material of the parasitic stub 20 may be the same as or different from that of the upper cone oscillator 120. For example, the parasitic stub 20 may be made of metal, such as aluminum, copper, silver, or the like.

[0153] The parasitic branch 20 can have various shapes, such as a sheet or a column, as long as the parasitic branch 20 protrudes from the outer surface of the upper cone oscillator 120 .

[0154] Figure 10 illustrates a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. For ease of illustration, Figure 10 does not show the radome 110 and other structures of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. Figure 11 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the parasitic stub 20 is generally sheet-shaped, with one end connected to the upper cone element 120 and the other end extending away from the upper cone element 120.

[0155] Figure 12 illustrates a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. For ease of illustration, structures such as the radome 110 of omnidirectional antenna 1000 are not shown in Figure 12. As shown in Figure 12, the parasitic stub 20 is generally columnar, with one end connected to the upper conical element 120 and the other end extending away from the upper conical element 120.

[0156] The end of the parasitic stub 20 facing away from the upper conical element 120 can be tilted toward the dielectric plate 140, bringing the parasitic stub 20 closer to the dielectric plate 140. This increases the parasitic stub's influence on the synthesis of the horizontally polarized radiation pattern, thereby broadening the beamwidth of the horizontally polarized antenna. Furthermore, tilting the parasitic stub 20 toward the dielectric plate 140 reduces the circumferential dimension of the parasitic stub 20 after connection to the upper conical element 120, thereby reducing the size of the radome 110 and making the omnidirectional antenna 1000 more compact.

[0157] The parasitic branch 20 can be tilted toward the dielectric plate 140 in a variety of ways. The parasitic branch 20 can be entirely linear, with the linear parasitic branch 20 forming a predetermined angle with the outer surface of the upper cone oscillator 120. The tilting of the parasitic branch 20 is shown in Figures 10 and 11. The parasitic branch 20 can also be entirely zigzag-shaped, i.e., the parasitic branch 20 includes a first section connected to the upper cone oscillator 120 and a second section extending toward the dielectric plate 140, with the first and second sections forming a predetermined angle.

[0158] Figure 13 illustrates a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. For ease of illustration, Figure 13 does not show structures such as the radome 110 of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. Figure 14 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the first section of the parasitic stub 20 extends along the second direction X, and the second section of the parasitic stub 20 extends along the first direction Y.

[0159] Continuing to refer to Figures 10 to 14, the upper cone oscillator 120 can be provided with a plurality of parasitic branches 20, and the plurality of parasitic branches 20 are arranged at circumferential intervals around the upper cone oscillator 120, so that the influence of the parasitic branches 20 on the horizontal polarization radiation is more uniform, thereby improving the roundness of the horizontal polarization radiation pattern.

[0160] Exemplarily, when the projection of the upper cone oscillator 120 on the dielectric plate 140 is circular, the plurality of parasitic branches 20 are arranged in a circular array around the upper cone oscillator 120 .

[0161] Figure 15 exemplarily shows a partial top view of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 15 , the direction of the virtual line connecting the antenna unit and the center of the circular array is the second direction, and the direction of the symmetry line between two adjacent virtual lines is the third direction.

[0162] The orthographic projection of the parasitic branch 20 on the dielectric plate 140 extends along the second direction or the third direction, and the plurality of parasitic branches 20 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the upper cone oscillator 120 or the lower cone oscillator 130 to avoid deteriorating the circularity of the directivity pattern of horizontal polarization radiation.

[0163] The number of parasitic branches 20 is n times or 1 / n of the number of antenna units, where n is a natural number and n≥1. The number of parasitic branches 20 is n times or 1 / n of the number of antenna units, which can avoid deteriorating the circularity of the directivity pattern of horizontal polarization radiation. The number of parasitic branches 20 can be increased or decreased as needed to adjust the beamwidth of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. The size of the parasitic branches 20 can be adjusted according to the operating frequency of the omnidirectional antenna 1000, the size of the antenna cover 110, the beamwidth requirements, etc. For example, the horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna 1000 operates at 2.5-2.7GHz, so the size of the parasitic branches 20 should not be too small, otherwise it will have no effect on the uniform current distribution. At the same time, the size of the parasitic branches 20 should also be limited within the antenna cover 110. By reasonably setting the size of the parasitic branches 20, the current path can be extended and the weak current area can be covered, thereby widening the beamwidth of the horizontally polarized antenna.

[0164] For example, if the number of antenna units is six, the number of parasitic branches 20 may be two, three, six, twelve, etc. For another example, if the number of antenna units is five, the number of parasitic branches 20 may be five, ten, fifteen, etc.

[0165] Figure 16 illustrates an exemplary schematic diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 16, the parasitic branch 20 can be annular and disposed on the outer surface of the upper conical element 120. The annular shape of the parasitic branch 20 can prevent degradation of the circular pattern of horizontally polarized radiation. When the parasitic branch 20 is annular, the end of the parasitic branch 20 facing away from the upper conical element 120 can also be tilted toward the dielectric plate 140.

[0166] Figure 17 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 without the parasitic branch 20. Figure 18 shows a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 shown in Figure 10. As shown in Figure 17, when the parasitic branch 20 is not provided, the wavelength of the horizontally polarized radiation is approximately 48.8°. As shown in Figure 18, after the parasitic branch 20 is provided on the upper cone oscillator 120, the wavelength of the horizontally polarized radiation is approximately 58.3°. It can be seen that by providing the parasitic branch 20 on the upper cone oscillator 120, the wavelength of the horizontally polarized radiation is increased by approximately 10°.

[0167] Figure 19 shows the standing wave of omnidirectional antenna 1000 without parasitic stub 20. Figure 20 shows the standing wave of omnidirectional antenna 1000 shown in Figure 10. As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the standing wave ratios are both below 1.5, both without and with parasitic stub 20, indicating good matching of omnidirectional antenna 1000.

[0168] Continuing with Figure 11 , the upper cone oscillator 120 includes a cone surface and a cylindrical surface connected to the end of the cone surface away from the lower cone oscillator 130. Parasitic stub 20 can be connected to the cylindrical surface. Placing parasitic stub 20 on the cylindrical surface makes current distribution more uniform, thereby affecting the synthesis of the horizontally polarized radiation pattern.

[0169] Exemplarily, along the first direction Y, the parasitic branch 20 is located in the middle of the upper cone oscillator 120, or the parasitic branch 20 extends away from the end of the upper cone oscillator 120 to the middle and lower part of the upper cone oscillator 120, so as to affect the synthesis of the horizontal polarization radiation pattern.

[0170] Next, we will describe the parasitic branch 20 installed on the lower cone 130. The parasitic branch 20 is electrically connected to the lower cone 130 and protrudes from its outer surface. The parasitic branch 20 is made of a conductor. Current flows through the lower cone 130, through the parasitic branch 20, and then back to the lower cone 130, forming a closed loop. This closed loop lengthens the current path, making the current distribution more uniform and covering areas of weak current flow. This in turn affects the synthesis of the horizontally polarized radiation pattern, thereby widening the horizontally polarized antenna's beamwidth.

[0171] In practical applications, the parasitic stub 20 can be integrally formed with the lower cone oscillator 130, for example, by casting, stamping, or other processes. The parasitic stub 20 can also be connected to the lower cone oscillator 130, for example, by riveting, clamping, welding, or screwing. The disclosed embodiments do not limit the method of connecting the parasitic stub 20 to the lower cone oscillator 130.

[0172] The material of the parasitic stub 20 may be the same as or different from that of the lower cone oscillator 130. For example, the parasitic stub 20 may be made of metal, such as aluminum, copper, silver, or the like.

[0173] The parasitic branch 20 can have various shapes, such as a sheet or a column, as long as the parasitic branch 20 protrudes from the outer surface of the lower cone oscillator 130 .

[0174] There can be multiple parasitic branches 20. The virtual line connecting the antenna unit and the center of the circular array extends in the second direction, and the line of symmetry between two adjacent virtual lines extends in the third direction. The orthographic projection of the parasitic branch 20 on the dielectric plate 140 extends along the second direction or the third direction. Multiple parasitic branches 20 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the upper cone element 120 or the lower cone element 130 to avoid deteriorating the circularity of the horizontally polarized radiation pattern.

[0175] The number of parasitic branches 20 is n times or 1 / n of the number of antenna units, where n is a natural number and n≥1. The number of parasitic branches 20 is n times or 1 / n of the number of antenna units, which can avoid deteriorating the circularity of the directivity pattern of horizontal polarization radiation. The number of parasitic branches 20 can be increased or decreased as needed to adjust the beamwidth of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. The size of the parasitic branches 20 can be adjusted according to the operating frequency of the omnidirectional antenna 1000, the size of the antenna cover 110, the beamwidth requirements, etc. For example, the horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna 1000 operates at 2.5-2.7GHz, so the size of the parasitic branches 20 should not be too small, otherwise it will have no effect on the uniform current distribution. At the same time, the size of the parasitic branches 20 should also be limited within the antenna cover 110. By reasonably setting the size of the parasitic branches 20, the current path can be extended and the weak current area can be covered, thereby widening the beamwidth of the horizontally polarized antenna.

[0176] For example, if the number of antenna units is six, the number of parasitic branches 20 may be two, three, six, twelve, etc. For another example, if the number of antenna units is five, the number of parasitic branches 20 may be five, ten, fifteen, etc.

[0177] The first end of the parasitic branch 20 is connected to the lower cone oscillator 130, and the second end of the parasitic branch 20 can be connected to and fixed to the dielectric plate 140, thereby preventing the relative position of the dielectric plate 140 and the lower cone oscillator 130 from shifting and affecting the performance of the omnidirectional antenna 1000.

[0178] When the dielectric plate 140 is fixed to the lower cone oscillator 130, a hollow area 140a is provided at the position corresponding to the cone top of the dielectric plate 140. The first end of the fixing tube 160 can be inserted into the hollow area 140a and fixedly connected to the dielectric plate 140, thereby realizing the connection between the upper cone oscillator 120, the fixing tube 160, the dielectric plate 140 and the lower cone oscillator 130.

[0179] Exemplarily, the size of the hollow area 140 a is slightly smaller than the size of the first end of the fixing cylinder 160 , so that the first end of the fixing cylinder 160 is interference-fitted with the dielectric plate 140 .

[0180] There are many ways to connect the parasitic branch 20 and the dielectric plate 140 .

[0181] Figure 21 exemplarily shows a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000, and Figure 22 is a top view of Figure 21. As shown in Figures 21 and 22, the dielectric plate 140 is provided with a mounting hole, and the second end of the parasitic branch 20 is inserted into the mounting hole.

[0182] Figure 23 illustrates a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 23, a parasitic stub 20 is located on the side of the dielectric plate 140 facing the lower cone element 130. One end of the parasitic stub 20 is connected to the lower cone element 130, and the other end of the parasitic stub 20 is connected to the side of the dielectric plate 140 facing the lower cone element 130.

[0183] Of course, the parasitic branch 20 may not be connected to the dielectric plate 140 , and this embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0184] It should be noted that the shape of the parasitic branch 20 is not limited to the shape shown in the above drawings. The parasitic branch 20 can also be wavy, conical, prismatic, etc.

[0185] Example 2

[0186] Figure 2 is a view of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 in Figure 1 taken along line A, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of line BB in Figure 2. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the omnidirectional antenna 1000 may include a radome 110 and a dielectric plate 140 disposed within the radome 110.

[0187] Continuing with Figure 3 , dielectric plate 140 is perpendicular to first direction Y, that is, the plane of dielectric plate 140 extends along second direction X. Dielectric plate 140 can be positioned in various ways along first direction Y. For example, dielectric plate 140 can be positioned between upper cone element 120 and lower cone element 130, on the side of lower cone element 130 away from upper cone element 120, or on the side of upper cone element 120 away from lower cone element 130. In actual applications, to reduce the size of omnidirectional antenna 1000, dielectric plate 140 can be positioned between upper cone element 120 and lower cone element 130, or on the side of lower cone element 130 away from upper cone element 120.

[0188] When the dielectric plate 140 is located between the upper cone oscillator 120 and the lower cone oscillator 130 , a hollow region 140 a is defined at the position corresponding to the cone top of the dielectric plate 140 . The hollow region 140 a penetrates the dielectric plate 140 along the first direction Y. The core wire 1 can pass through the hollow region 140 a to electrically connect to the upper cone oscillator 120 .

[0189] Exemplarily, the dielectric plate 140 is circular, and the center area of ​​the dielectric plate 140 is the hollow area 140 a .

[0190] 9 exemplarily shows a cross-sectional view of a dielectric plate 140. As shown in FIG9 , the dielectric plate 140 may include a first conductive layer 142, a second conductive layer 143, and a dielectric substrate 141 located between the first conductive layer 142 and the second conductive layer 143.

[0191] The dielectric substrate 141 can be a glass substrate, a polytetrafluoroethylene fiberglass pressboard, an epoxy resin substrate, a polyimide substrate, or the like. The present disclosure does not limit the material of the dielectric substrate 141. The first conductive layer 142 and the second conductive layer 143 are made of a conductor, such as aluminum, copper, silver, or gold. The first conductive layer 142 covers one side of the dielectric substrate 141, and the second conductive layer 143 covers the opposite side of the dielectric substrate 141.

[0192] Exemplarily, the dielectric plate 140 is manufactured by a printed circuit board (PCB) process.

[0193] The first conductive layer 142 includes a radiating structure, the second conductive layer 143 includes a grounding structure 50, and the radiating structure, the grounding structure 50, and the dielectric substrate 141 located between the radiating structure and the grounding structure 50 constitute an antenna unit. The antenna unit is configured to generate horizontal polarization radiation.

[0194] The first conductive layer 142 may include multiple radiating structures arranged in a circular array around the top of the cone. Each radiating structure, together with the ground structure 50 and the dielectric substrate 141, forms an antenna unit. The dielectric substrate 140 includes multiple antenna units, which form an antenna array.

[0195] Exemplarily, when the dielectric plate 140 is circular, the plurality of radiation structures are arranged in an array along the edge of the dielectric plate 140 .

[0196] The antenna unit can be a patch antenna unit or a dipole antenna unit. When the antenna unit is a patch antenna unit, the radiating structure is a radiating patch. The shape of the radiating patch can be a polygon such as a circle, ellipse, rectangle, triangle, or other irregular shape, and is not limited to this in the undisclosed embodiments. When the antenna unit is a dipole antenna unit, the radiating structure is a radiating dipole 10. The following description uses the dipole antenna unit as an example.

[0197] FIG24 exemplarily illustrates a front view of a dielectric plate 140, FIG25 exemplarily illustrates a rear view of a dielectric plate 140, and FIG26 exemplarily illustrates a perspective view of a dielectric plate 140. FIG26 is a schematic diagram of a dielectric plate 140 in a transparent state. The solid line portion in the figure represents the front structure of the dielectric plate 140, and the dashed line portion represents the rear structure of the dielectric plate 140. FIG26 illustrates the relative positional relationship between the front and rear structures.

[0198] The first conductive layer 142 may be located on the front side of the dielectric plate 140, and the second conductive layer 143 may be located on the back side of the dielectric plate 140. For example, the front side of the dielectric plate 140 refers to the side of the dielectric plate 140 facing the upper cone oscillator 120, and the back side of the dielectric plate 140 refers to the side of the dielectric plate 140 facing the lower cone oscillator 130.

[0199] As shown in Figure 24 , the first conductive layer 142 includes multiple radiating structures, each of which includes a radiating dipole 10. The radiating dipole 10 comprises two symmetrically arranged conductive arms spaced apart. As shown in Figure 11 , the second conductive layer 143 includes a grounding structure 50. The radiating structures, the grounding structure 50, and the dielectric substrate 141 located between them constitute the antenna unit.

[0200] For example, the conductive arm is in an arc shape. When the dielectric plate 140 is circular, the conductive arm extends along the edge of the dielectric plate 140. Of course, the conductive arm can also be in other shapes, such as a straight line.

[0201] Exemplarily, the second conductive layer 143 is patterned to form a circular grounding structure 50 . Of course, the second conductive layer 143 may also not be patterned, and the entire second conductive layer 143 may serve as the grounding structure 50 .

[0202] 24 , the first conductive layer 142 may further include a power divider 30 , which includes a plurality of output terminals, and different radiating dipoles 10 are electrically connected to different output terminals. The power divider 30 is configured to distribute signals to the plurality of radiating dipoles 10 .

[0203] For example, with continued reference to Figures 24 and 25 , first conductive layer 142 further includes a feed balun 40. Each output terminal of power divider 30 is connected to a feed balun 40, and each feed balun 40 corresponds one-to-one with a radiating dipole 10. Second conductive layer 143 further includes a complementary dipole 60, which is electrically connected to ground structure 50. The orthographic projections of radiating dipole 10 and complementary dipole 60 on dielectric substrate 141 do not overlap. In this case, radiating dipole 10, complementary dipole 60, feed balun 40, ground structure 50, and dielectric substrate 141 constitute an antenna unit.

[0204] Figures 24 to 26 illustrate a dielectric plate 140 comprising five antenna elements. Specifically, dielectric plate 140 includes five radiating dipoles 10, five complementary dipoles 60, five feed baluns 40, and a ground structure 50. The power divider 30 employs a one-to-five splitter configuration. When dielectric plate 140 comprises five antenna elements, the angle between two adjacent antenna elements is 72°. It should be noted that the number of antenna elements in dielectric plate 140 is not limited to this number; the number of antenna elements can also be three, four, or six, and the angle between two adjacent antenna elements can be adjusted accordingly.

[0205] 24 , both ends of the radiating dipole 10 opposite to each other include a bend extending toward the center of the circular array, that is, both ends of the two conductive arms facing away from each other are provided with a bend. The bend can improve the standing wave of the omnidirectional antenna 1000.

[0206] To improve the quality of indoor wireless communications, the omnidirectional antenna 1000 needs to have high gain and wide beamwidth to ensure high-quality and stable coverage in complex indoor environments. To solve this problem, the following methods are commonly used in related technologies:

[0207] 1. Increasing the number of radiating dipoles 10 (i.e., increasing the number of antenna elements) and their size. However, as the number of radiating dipoles 10 increases, the beamwidth of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 decreases significantly, and the size of the dielectric plate 140 needs to increase as the number and size of the radiating dipoles 10 increase.

[0208] 2. Using a radiating dipole 10 with a higher gain. However, using a radiating dipole 10 with a higher gain has a complex structure and requires significant changes to the structure of the existing omnidirectional antenna 1000, which increases the manufacturing cost of the omnidirectional antenna 1000.

[0209] 3. A reflector is provided around the radiating dipole 10. However, providing the reflector will make the structure of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 complicated and increase the thickness of the dielectric plate 140 along the first direction Y.

[0210] Therefore, it is an urgent problem to improve the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 while ensuring that the omnidirectional antenna 1000 has a wide beam width, and the omnidirectional antenna 1000 has the characteristics of compact structure, low cost, and minimal modification to the above-mentioned dielectric plate 140.

[0211] Figure 27 exemplifies the structure of a dielectric substrate 140. As shown in Figure 27, omnidirectional antenna 1000 further includes a gain branch 70. Gain branch 70 is connected to the side of dielectric substrate 141 facing first conductive layer 142 and is located between two adjacent radiating structures. Gain branch 70 is made of a conductor and is spaced apart from the radiating structures.

[0212] The gain branch 70 can reduce current dissipation to reduce coupling between two adjacent radiating structures, thereby increasing the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. Furthermore, the gain branch 70 can be considered an edge of the radiating structure, thereby improving the directivity of the antenna unit and thus increasing the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000.

[0213] A gain branch 70 may be provided between each adjacent radiating structure to improve the radiation uniformity in all directions of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. For example, referring again to FIG27 , the dielectric plate 140 includes five radiating structures and five gain branches 70 . The five radiating structures are arranged in a circular array, and a gain branch 70 is provided between each adjacent radiating structure.

[0214] The gain branch 70 extends radially along the circular array, and the two radiating structures adjacent to the gain branch 70 are symmetrically arranged relative to the gain branch 70, thereby further improving the radiation uniformity of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 in all directions. The radial direction of the circular array refers to the direction from the center of the circular array to the outside within the plane of the dielectric plate 140.

[0215] Exemplarily, the gain branch 70 is in an elongated strip shape as a whole, with one end of the gain branch 70 pointing to the center of the circular array, and the other end of the gain branch 70 being located between two adjacent radiation structures and extending in a direction away from the center of the circular array.

[0216] Figure 28 shows a simulated radiation pattern of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 including the dielectric plate 140 shown in Figure 26. As shown in Figure 28, the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 in the simulated radiation pattern is 3 dBi. Figure 29 shows a simulated radiation pattern of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 including the dielectric plate 140 shown in Figure 27. As shown in Figure 29, the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 in the simulated radiation pattern is 3.23 dBi. In other words, compared to the case where the gain branch 70 is not provided, the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is increased by 0.23 dBi after the gain branch 70 is provided.

[0217] Figure 30 shows an S-parameter graph of an omnidirectional antenna 1000 including the dielectric plate 140 shown in Figure 26, and Figure 31 shows an S-parameter graph of an omnidirectional antenna 1000 including the dielectric plate 140 shown in Figure 27. As shown in Figures 30 and 31, the reflection coefficients of both omnidirectional antennas 1000 are below -10 dB, indicating that the omnidirectional antennas 1000 are well matched.

[0218] The gain branch 70 may be located in the first conductive layer 142 , or may be connected to a side of the dielectric substrate 141 facing the first conductive layer 142 and protrude from the first conductive layer 142 along the first direction.

[0219] First, several possible structures of the gain stub 70 when the gain stub 70 is located in the first conductive layer 142 are introduced.

[0220] Continuing to refer to FIG. 27, in FIG. 27, the gain stub 70 is in the shape of a "rich" character, including a main body 3 extending along the radial direction of the circular array and a plurality of branches 4 connected to the main body 3, and the plurality of branches 4 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array.

[0221] FIG. 32 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate 140. In FIG. 32, the gain stub 70 is in the shape of a ladder, including two main bodies 3 extending along the radial direction of the circular array and a plurality of branches 4 connecting the two main bodies 3, and the plurality of branches 4 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array. FIG. 33 shows a radiation pattern simulation diagram of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 including the dielectric plate 140 shown in FIG. 32. As shown in FIG. 33, the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is 3.22 dBi, and compared with the case where the gain stub 70 is not provided in FIG. 26, the gain is increased by 0.22 dBi.

[0222] FIG. 34 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate 140. In FIG. 34, the gain stub 70 includes a main body 3 extending along the radial direction of the circular array and a plurality of branches 4 connected to the main body 3, the plurality of branches 4 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array, and the plurality of branches 4 located on both sides of the main body 3 are staggered.

[0223] As can be seen from FIGS. 27, FIG. 32, and FIG. 34, the gain stub 70 may include a main body 3 extending along the radial direction of the circular array and a plurality of branches 4 connected to the main body 3, and the plurality of branches 4 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array. Among them, the number of the main bodies 3 may be multiple, and the branches 4 located on both sides of the main body 3 may be arranged in alignment or staggered. FIG. 35 shows a structural diagram of the gain stub 70 in the dielectric plate 140 shown in FIG. 27. Taking the structure of the gain stub 70 in FIG. 35 as an example, the longer structure in the gain stub 70 is the main body 3, and the shorter structure is the branch 4.

[0224] In addition, the main body 3 shown in FIGS. 27, FIG. 32, and FIG. 34 is in the shape of a "one" character. In actual application, the main body 3 may also be in the shape of a rectangle, a rhombus, a trapezoid, a wave shape, or an irregular shape.

[0225] FIG. 36 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate 140. In FIG. 36, the gain stub 70 only includes a main body 3 extending along the radial direction of the circular array. FIG. 37 shows a radiation pattern simulation diagram of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 including the dielectric plate 140 shown in FIG. 36. As shown in FIG. 37, the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is 3.18 dBi, and compared with the case where the gain stub 70 is not provided in FIG. 26, the gain is increased by 0.18 dBi.

[0226] The gain branch node 70 may include a plurality of gain sub-branches, and the plurality of gain sub-branches within the same gain branch node 70 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of a circular array.

[0227] Figure 38 illustrates an exemplary structure of another dielectric plate 140. In Figure 38, the gain branch 70 includes two gain sub-branches, which extend radially along the circular array and are spaced apart circumferentially. Figure 39 shows a simulated radiation pattern of an omnidirectional antenna 1000 incorporating the dielectric plate 140 shown in Figure 38. As shown in Figure 39, the gain of omnidirectional antenna 1000 is 3.2 dBi, a 0.2 dBi improvement compared to the configuration shown in Figure 27 without the gain branch 70.

[0228] The symmetry line between two adjacent radiation structures is the first symmetry line. When the multiple gain sub-branches in the same gain branch 70 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the circular array, the multiple gain sub-branches in the same gain branch 70 are symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetry line.

[0229] When the gain branch 70 includes a plurality of gain sub-branches, the plurality of gain sub-branches within the same gain branch 70 may also be arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array.

[0230] FIG40 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of another dielectric plate 140 . In FIG40 , the gain branch 70 includes two gain sub-branches, which extend radially along the circular array and are spaced apart from each other radially along the circular array.

[0231] The length of the gain branches 70 along the radial direction of the circular array can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0232] The end of the gain branch 70 away from the center of the circular array can be arranged opposite to the bent portion, so that the gain branch 70 is closer to the radiating dipole 10. The radiating dipole 10 can excite the gain branch 70, causing the gain branch 70 to generate radiation.

[0233] One end of the gain branch 70, which faces the center of the circular array, can extend to the ground structure 50, thereby facilitating electrical connection between the gain branch 70 and the ground structure 50. For example, when the first conductive layer 142 includes the radiating dipole 10 and the second conductive layer 143 includes the complementary dipole 60 and the ground structure 50, the gain branch 70 is electrically connected to the ground structure 50. Exemplarily, the dielectric substrate 141 is provided with a through hole, through which a portion of the gain branch 70 passes to electrically connect to the ground structure 50.

[0234] Exemplarily, one end of the gain branch 70 away from the center of the circular array extends to the edge of the dielectric plate 140 .

[0235] Next, several possible structures of the gain branch 70 are described when the gain branch 70 is connected to the side of the dielectric substrate 141 facing the first conductive layer 142 and protrudes from the first conductive layer 142 along the first direction.

[0236] The gain branch 70 may be in a sheet shape, with one end connected to the side of the dielectric substrate 141 facing the first conductive layer 142 and the other end extending away from the dielectric substrate 141. For example, the gain branch 70 is vertically connected to the dielectric substrate 141.

[0237] Figure 41 exemplarily illustrates a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 41 , the gain branch 70 is generally rectangular, comprising two long sides and two short sides. One long side is connected to the dielectric substrate 141 and extends radially along the circular array, while the short side is perpendicular to the dielectric substrate 141.

[0238] Figure 42 shows a simulated radiation direction diagram of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 shown in Figure 41. As shown in Figure 42, the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is 3.2 dBi, which is 0.2 dBi higher than that of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 in Figure 27 without the gain branch 70.

[0239] Figure 43 exemplifies a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 43 , the gain branch 70 is generally trapezoidal in shape, comprising a long side, a short side, and two oblique sides. The long side is connected to the dielectric substrate 141 and extends radially along the circular array, while the short side is located on the side of the gain branch 70 away from the dielectric substrate 141.

[0240] Figure 44 shows a simulated radiation direction diagram of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 shown in Figure 43. As shown in Figure 44, the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is 3.19 dBi, which is 0.19 dBi higher than that of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 without the gain branch 70 in Figure 27.

[0241] When the gain branch node 70 is connected to the side of the dielectric substrate 141 facing the first conductive layer 142 and protrudes from the first conductive layer 142 along the first direction, the gain branch node 70 may include multiple gain sub-branches. The multiple gain sub-branches within the same gain branch node 70 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the circular array, or the multiple gain sub-branches within the same gain branch node 70 may also be arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array.

[0242] The length of the gain branches 70 along the radial direction of the circular array can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0243] The end of the gain branch 70 away from the center of the circular array can be arranged opposite to the bent portion, so that the gain branch 70 is closer to the radiating dipole 10. The radiating dipole 10 can excite the gain branch 70, causing the gain branch 70 to generate radiation.

[0244] One end of the gain branch 70, which faces the center of the circular array, can extend to the ground structure 50, thereby facilitating electrical connection between the gain branch 70 and the ground structure 50. For example, when the first conductive layer 142 includes the radiating dipole 10 and the second conductive layer 143 includes the complementary dipole 60 and the ground structure 50, the gain branch 70 is electrically connected to the ground structure 50. Exemplarily, the dielectric substrate 141 is provided with a through hole, through which a portion of the gain branch 70 passes to electrically connect to the ground structure 50.

[0245] Exemplarily, one end of the gain branch 70 away from the center of the circular array extends to the edge of the dielectric plate 140 .

[0246] Continuing with reference to Figures 3 and 4 , omnidirectional antenna 1000 may further include an upper conical element 120 and a lower conical element 130. Upper conical element 120 and lower conical element 130 are spaced apart along a first direction Y, with their apexes facing each other. Upper conical element 120 and lower conical element 130 are configured to generate vertically polarized radiation.

[0247] When the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is installed in the manner shown in Figure 1, the lower cone oscillator 130 is located at the top, and the upper cone oscillator 120 is located at the bottom. The upper cone oscillator 120 and the lower cone oscillator 130 are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the ground, that is, the first direction Y is perpendicular to the ground.

[0248] The upper and lower cone oscillators 120 and 130 are both thin-shell structures, and each includes a conical surface, the tip of which is the apex. The conical surface can be a circular cone, a pyramid, a truncated cone, a truncated pyramid, or other irregular conical surfaces, as long as the size of the conical surface gradually decreases from the end away from the apex to the end of the apex. The disclosed embodiments utilize conical and truncated cone surfaces as examples for illustrative purposes only.

[0249] Continuing with FIG4 , upper cone oscillator 120 includes an upper cone surface 121 and an upper cylindrical surface 122. Upper cylindrical surface 122 is connected to an end of upper cone surface 121 away from lower cone oscillator 130. For example, when upper cone surface 121 is a conical surface, upper cylindrical surface 122 is a cylindrical surface; when upper cone surface 121 is a pyramidal surface, upper cylindrical surface 122 is a prismatic surface.

[0250] Of course, the lower cone vibrator 130 may also include a lower cone surface and a lower cylindrical surface, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0251] Exemplarily, the upper cone vibrator 120 is symmetrical with respect to its own central axis, the lower cone vibrator 130 is symmetrical with respect to its own central axis, and the central axis of the upper cone vibrator 120 coincides with the central axis of the lower cone vibrator 130 .

[0252] The upper and lower cone elements 120 and 130 can be made of a conductor, such as metal or carbon fiber. For example, referring again to FIG4 , the omnidirectional antenna 1000 can further include a signal line. The signal line includes a core line 1 and a shielding line 2 sheathed around the core line 1. The shielding line 2 is electrically connected to the lower cone element 130, and the core line 1 is electrically connected to the upper cone element 120. The core line 1 is insulated from the lower cone element 130. Signals can be sent to the upper and lower cone elements 120 and 130 via the signal line to stimulate the upper and lower cone elements 120 and 130 to produce vertically polarized radiation.

[0253] In actual application, the projection of the lower cone oscillator 130 on the dielectric plate 140 may cover the projection of the upper cone oscillator 120 on the dielectric plate 140 .

[0254] The relative positions of the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130 directly affect the performance of the omnidirectional antenna 1000. Therefore, the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130 need to be fixed to prevent their relative positions from changing. In related art, signal lines are typically used to secure the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130. For example, the core wire 1 and shield wire 2 of the signal line are relatively fixed, with the core wire 1 connecting to the upper and lower conical elements 120 and the shield wire 2 connecting to the lower and lower conical elements 130, thereby securing the upper and lower conical elements 120, 130. However, because the core wire 1 is relatively thin and flexible, the upper and lower conical elements 120 are susceptible to swinging relative to the lower and lower conical elements 130 when the omnidirectional antenna 1000 is subjected to vibration.

[0255] In view of this, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, a separate fixing member can be provided to fix the upper cone vibrator 120 and the lower cone vibrator 130. The fixing member can have various structures. The following describes several possible fixing member structures and the connection methods of the fixing member to the upper cone vibrator 120 and the lower cone vibrator 130.

[0256] Figure 5 illustrates a partial structural diagram of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 5 , the fixing components may include multiple fixing brackets 150, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the upper conical element 120. One end of each fixing bracket 150 is fixedly connected to the upper conical element 120, and the other end of each fixing bracket 150 is fixedly connected to the lower conical element 130.

[0257] Exemplarily, the fixed connection between the fixing frame 150 and the upper cone vibrator 120 and the lower cone vibrator 130 can be bonding, ultrasonic welding, riveting, clamping, etc., or the fixing frame 150 and the upper cone vibrator 120 and / or the lower cone vibrator 130 can be processed into an integrated structure through an integrated molding process.

[0258] FIG6 exemplarily illustrates a structural diagram of a fixing bracket 150. For example, as shown in FIG5 and FIG6 , the lower cone oscillator 130 is a frustum of a cone, which includes a plane facing the upper cone oscillator 120. The fixing bracket 150 includes a first connecting portion 153 connected to the plane of the lower cone oscillator 130, a second connecting portion 151 connected to the upper cone oscillator 120, and a supporting portion 152 located between the first connecting portion 153 and the second connecting portion 151. The supporting portion 152 extends along a first direction Y, and the second connecting portion 151 is inclined at a certain angle relative to the first direction Y so that the second connecting portion 151 is in contact with the surface of the upper cone oscillator 120. The first connecting portion 153 extends along a second direction X so that the first connecting portion 153 is in contact with the plane of the lower cone oscillator 130.

[0259] Multiple fixing brackets 150 can be evenly distributed along the circumference of the cone apex. Figure 5 illustrates a configuration including three fixing brackets 150. When three fixing brackets 150 are included, the angle between two adjacent fixing brackets 150 is 120°. This reduces the number of fixing brackets 150 while ensuring a secure connection between the upper cone oscillator 120 and the lower cone oscillator 130. Of course, the number of fixing brackets 150 can also be two, four, five, six, etc., and the present disclosure does not limit the number of fixing brackets 150.

[0260] Figure 7 exemplarily shows a partial exploded view of the structure of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 7 , the fixing member may include a fixing tube 160, a first end of which is fixedly connected to the lower conical oscillator 130, and a cone top of the upper conical oscillator 120 is inserted into the second end of the fixing tube 160.

[0261] After the cone top of the upper cone vibrator 120 is inserted into the second end of the fixing tube 160, it can be fixedly connected to the fixing tube 160 to limit the rotation of the upper cone vibrator 120 relative to the fixing tube 160. The fixing frame 150 and the upper cone vibrator 120 can be fixedly connected by bonding, ultrasonic welding, riveting, clamping, etc.

[0262] For example, referring again to FIG7 , the fixing cylinder 160 includes a cylindrical body 162 and a conical opening 161 connected to one end of the cylindrical body 162. The apex of the upper cone vibrator 120 is inserted into the conical opening 161. The taper of the conical opening 161 can be the same as that of the apex of the upper cone vibrator 120. This ensures that when the apex of the upper cone vibrator 120 is inserted into the conical opening 161, the outer surface of the upper cone vibrator 120 fits against the inner wall of the conical opening 161, thereby further strengthening the connection between the upper cone vibrator 120 and the fixing cylinder 160.

[0263] The fixing cylinder 160 is fixedly connected to the lower cone vibrator 130, which means that the fixing cylinder 160 and the lower cone vibrator 130 cannot move relative to each other along the first direction. The fixing cylinder 160 and the lower cone vibrator 130 can rotate relative to each other around the first direction Y, or they can not rotate relative to each other.

[0264] The end of the lower cone oscillator 130 facing the upper cone oscillator 120 may be provided with a groove 131, and the first end of the fixing cylinder 160 is inserted into the groove 131. The first end of the fixing cylinder 160 cooperates with the groove 131 to fix the fixing cylinder 160 to the lower cone oscillator 130, making assembly more convenient.

[0265] Exemplarily, lower cone oscillator 130 includes a flat surface facing upper cone oscillator 120, with a first annular wall protruding from the flat surface and a second wall sleeved outside the first wall. The first and second walls are spaced apart and form a groove 131. The first end of fixing tube 160 is inserted between the first and second walls.

[0266] Among them, the first end of the fixed cylinder 160 can rotate along the first wall and the second wall, or the first end of the fixed cylinder 160 is fixedly set relative to the first wall and the second wall, for example, the first end of the fixed cylinder 160 is interference fit with the first wall and the second wall; adhesive is filled between the first end of the fixed cylinder 160 and the first wall and the second wall, etc.

[0267] Of course, the structure of groove 131 is not limited to this. Alternatively, groove 131 may be formed by the lower cone oscillator 130 being recessed in a direction away from the upper cone oscillator 120, along the plane of the lower cone oscillator 130. The first end of the fixing cylinder 160 is also not limited to a cylindrical shape. The cross-sectional shape of the first end of the fixing cylinder 160 perpendicular to the first direction Y may also be triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, or other irregular shapes. In this case, the first and second walls forming groove 131 may be modified to suit the shape of the first end of the fixing cylinder 160.

[0268] Figure 8 exemplarily illustrates a partial exploded view of the structure of an omnidirectional antenna 1000. As shown in Figure 8 , the groove 131 may include multiple sub-grooves, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the lower cone oscillator 130. The first end of the fixing tube 160 is provided with multiple positioning portions 163, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the fixing tube 160. The positioning portions 163 are inserted into the sub-grooves to secure the fixing tube 160 and the lower cone oscillator 130. Because the multiple sub-grooves are spaced apart, the positioning portions 163 cannot rotate from one sub-groove to another, thereby limiting the rotation of the fixing tube 160 relative to the lower cone oscillator 130. For example, when the size of the positioning portion 163 is the same as that of the groove 131, the positioning portion 163 cannot rotate within the sub-groove after being inserted into the sub-groove.

[0269] Exemplarily, with continued reference to FIG8 , the groove 131 includes a first sub-groove 131 a and a second sub-groove 131 b , both of which are arc-shaped. The first end of the fixing cylinder 160 is provided with two positioning portions 163 , which correspond one-to-one to the sub-grooves.

[0270] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 46, the dielectric plate 140 is located between the upper cone oscillator 120 and the lower cone oscillator 130 and is fixed to the lower cone oscillator 130. A hollow area 140a is provided at the position of the dielectric plate 140 corresponding to the cone top, and the first end of the fixing tube 160 is inserted into the hollow area 140a and fixedly connected to the dielectric plate 140.

[0271] Of course, it is also possible to include both the fixing frame 150 and the fixing cylinder 160. In actual application, it can be flexibly configured according to actual needs.

[0272] It should be noted that the fixing frame 150 and the fixing cylinder 160 are both made of insulating material (such as plastic) to prevent the upper cone vibrator 120 and the lower cone vibrator 130 from being short-circuited through the fixing frame 150 and the fixing cylinder 160 .

[0273] Example 3

[0274] The main difference between the third embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that the omnidirectional antenna 1000 in the third embodiment includes both the gain branch 70 and the parasitic branch 20 .

[0275] Omnidirectional antenna 1000 includes an upper cone element 120, a lower cone element 130, a dielectric plate 140, a gain branch 70, and a parasitic branch 20. The upper cone element 120 and the lower cone element 130 are spaced apart along a first direction, with their apexes facing each other. The dielectric plate 140 is perpendicular to the first direction Y and includes a first conductive layer 142, a second conductive layer 143, and a dielectric substrate 141 positioned between the first and second conductive layers 142, 143. The first conductive layer 142 includes multiple radiating structures arranged in a circular array around the apexes. The second conductive layer 143 includes a grounding structure 50. A gain branch 70 is connected to the side of the dielectric substrate 141 facing the first conductive layer 142. The gain branch 70 is located between two adjacent radiating structures. The gain branch 70 is made of a conductor and spaced apart from the radiating structures. The parasitic stub 20 is made of a conductor, and is electrically connected to the upper cone oscillator 120 and protrudes from the outer surface of the upper cone oscillator 120 , or is electrically connected to the lower cone oscillator 130 and protrudes from the outer surface of the lower cone oscillator 130 .

[0276] The specific structures, positions and connection relationships of the upper cone oscillator 120 , the lower cone oscillator 130 , the dielectric plate 140 , the gain branch 70 and the parasitic branch 20 may be referred to in the first and second embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0277] The omnidirectional antenna 1000 includes both the gain branch 70 and the parasitic branch 20 , which improves the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 and the beam width of the horizontal polarization radiation.

[0278] Example 4

[0279] The main difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that the parasitic branch 20 of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 in the fourth embodiment is electrically connected to the gain branch 70. The structure, position, and connection relationship of the upper and lower cone oscillators 120 and 130 can be referred to in the first and second embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0280] The dielectric plate 140 is perpendicular to the first direction Y and includes a first conductive layer 142, a second conductive layer 143, and a dielectric substrate 141 positioned between the first and second conductive layers 142, 143. The first conductive layer 142 includes a radiating structure and a gain branch 70, while the second conductive layer 143 includes a grounding structure 50. Multiple radiating structures are arranged in a circular array around the top of the cone. The gain branch 70 is located between adjacent radiating structures and spaced apart from them. The parasitic branch 20 is electrically connected to the gain branch 70 and extends along the first direction.

[0281] As shown in Figure 45 , parasitic branch 20 is connected to dielectric plate 140 and electrically connected to gain branch 70. During operation of omnidirectional antenna 1000, gain branch 70 generates current under the stimulation of the radiating structure. This current flows through parasitic branch 20, which is electrically connected to gain branch 70, and then flows back from parasitic branch 20 to gain branch 70, forming a closed current loop. The closed loop lengthens the current path, making the current distribution more uniform and covering the weak current area. This in turn affects the synthesis of the horizontally polarized radiation pattern, thereby widening the horizontally polarized antenna's beamwidth.

[0282] The omnidirectional antenna 1000 includes both the gain branch 70 and the parasitic branch 20 , which improves the gain of the omnidirectional antenna 1000 and the beam width of the horizontal polarization radiation.

[0283] It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, one or more of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure can be combined.

[0284] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that: It includes an upper cone vibrator, a lower cone vibrator, a dielectric plate and auxiliary branches; The upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the cone tops of the upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator are opposite to each other; The dielectric plate is perpendicular to the first direction, and the dielectric plate includes a plurality of radiation structures, and the plurality of radiation structures are arranged in a circular array around the cone top; The auxiliary branch is made of a conductor, and the auxiliary branch is connected to one or more of the upper cone oscillator, the lower cone oscillator and the dielectric plate.

2. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The auxiliary branches include gain branches, and the gain branches are arranged on the dielectric plate. The gain branches are located between two adjacent radiation structures and are spaced apart from the radiation structures.

3. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The dielectric plate includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer and a dielectric substrate located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the radiation structure is located on the first conductive layer, the second conductive layer includes a grounding structure, and the gain branch is connected to a side of the dielectric substrate facing the first conductive layer.

4. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The gain branches are arranged between two adjacent radiation structures.

5. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The gain branch node extends in the radial direction of the circular array, and the two radiation structures adjacent to the gain branch node are symmetrically arranged relative to the gain branch node.

6. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 5, wherein: The gain branch node includes a plurality of gain sub-branches, and the plurality of gain sub-branches in the same gain branch node are arranged at intervals in the radial direction of the circular array, or the plurality of gain sub-branches in the same gain branch node are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the circular array.

7. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 6, wherein: The symmetry line of two adjacent radiation structures is a first symmetry line. When the multiple gain sub-branches in the same gain branch are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the circular array, the multiple gain sub-branches in the same gain branch are symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetry line.

8. The omnidirectional antenna according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein: The gain branch is located in the first conductive layer.

9. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 8, wherein: The gain branch node includes a main body extending along the radial direction of the circular array and a plurality of branches connected to the main body, wherein the plurality of branches are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the circular array.

10. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 9, wherein: The main body is in a rectangular, prism, trapezoidal, wavy or irregular shape.

11. The omnidirectional antenna according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein: The radiation structure comprises a radiation dipole, and two opposite ends of the radiation dipole each comprise a bending portion extending toward the center of the circular array.

12. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 11, wherein: One end of the gain branch away from the center of the circular array is arranged opposite to the bending portion.

13. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 11, wherein: The second conductive layer further includes a complementary dipole, the orthographic projections of the radiating dipole and the complementary dipole on the dielectric substrate do not overlap, and the complementary dipole and the gain branch are both electrically connected to the ground structure.

14. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 13, wherein: The first conductive layer further includes a power divider and a balun, and the power divider is electrically connected to the balun.

15. The omnidirectional antenna according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein: The gain branch is connected to a side of the dielectric substrate facing the first conductive layer, and the gain branch protrudes out of the first conductive layer along the first direction.

16. The omnidirectional antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein: The auxiliary branches also include parasitic branches, and the parasitic branches are protrudingly provided on the outer surface of one or more of the upper cone oscillator, the lower cone oscillator and the dielectric plate.

17. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 16, wherein: The parasitic branches are arranged around the circumference of the upper cone oscillator or the lower cone oscillator.

18. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 17, wherein: The parasitic branch is in a circular ring shape, and is sleeved on the outer surface of the upper cone vibrator or the lower cone vibrator; Or, it includes a plurality of parasitic branches, and the plurality of parasitic branches are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the upper cone vibrator or the lower cone vibrator.

19. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 18, wherein: The extension direction of the virtual line between the antenna unit and the center of the circular array is the second direction, and the extension direction of the symmetry line of two adjacent virtual lines is the third direction; The parasitic branches extend along the second direction or the third direction on the orthographic projection of the dielectric plate, and a plurality of the parasitic branches are evenly arranged along the circumference of the upper cone oscillator or the lower cone oscillator.

20. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 19, wherein: The number of the parasitic branches is n times or 1 / n of the number of the antenna units, where n is a natural number and n≥1.

21. The omnidirectional antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein: The orthographic projection of the lower cone oscillator on the dielectric plate covers the orthographic projection of the upper cone oscillator on the dielectric plate. The upper cone oscillator includes a cone surface and a cylindrical surface connected to one end of the cone surface away from the lower cone oscillator. The parasitic branch is connected to the cylindrical surface.

22. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 21, wherein: One end of the parasitic branch away from the upper cone oscillator is inclined toward the dielectric plate.

23. The omnidirectional antenna according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein: The orthographic projection of the lower cone oscillator on the dielectric plate covers the orthographic projection of the upper cone oscillator on the dielectric plate, the first end of the parasitic branch is connected to the lower cone oscillator, and the second end of the parasitic branch is connected to and passes through the dielectric plate.

24. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 23, wherein: The dielectric plate is provided with a mounting hole, and the second end of the parasitic branch is inserted into the mounting hole.

25. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 16, wherein: The parasitic branch is electrically connected to the gain branch, and the parasitic branch extends along the first direction.

26. An omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that: It includes an upper cone oscillator, a lower cone oscillator, a dielectric plate and parasitic branches; The upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the cone tops of the upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator are opposite to each other; The dielectric plate is perpendicular to the first direction, and the dielectric plate includes a plurality of radiation structures, and the plurality of radiation structures are arranged in a circular array around the cone top; The parasitic branch is made of a conductor, and is electrically connected to the upper cone oscillator and protrudes from an outer surface of the upper cone oscillator, or the parasitic branch is electrically connected to the lower cone oscillator and protrudes from an outer surface of the lower cone oscillator.

27. The omnidirectional antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein: The omnidirectional antenna also includes a plurality of fixing frames, one end of each fixing frame is riveted to the upper cone dipole, and the other end of each fixing frame is riveted to the lower cone dipole. The plurality of fixing frames are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the upper cone dipole.

28. The omnidirectional antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein: The omnidirectional antenna further comprises a fixing tube, a first end of which is fixedly connected to the lower cone dipole, and a cone top of the upper cone dipole is inserted into a second end of the fixing tube.

29. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 28, wherein: A groove is provided at the end of the lower cone vibrator facing the upper cone vibrator, and the first end of the fixing tube is inserted into the groove.

30. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 29, wherein: The groove includes a plurality of sub-grooves spaced apart from each other along the circumference of the lower cone vibrator, and a plurality of positioning portions are provided at the first end of the fixing cylinder, and the positioning portions are inserted into the sub-grooves.

31. The omnidirectional antenna according to claim 29, wherein: The dielectric plate is located between the upper cone vibrator and the lower cone vibrator and is fixedly arranged with the lower cone vibrator. The dielectric plate is provided with a hollow area at a position corresponding to the cone top. The first end of the fixing tube is inserted into the hollow area and is fixedly connected with the dielectric plate.

32. An omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that: Including dielectric board and gain branch; The dielectric plate comprises a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer and a dielectric substrate located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the first conductive layer comprises a plurality of radiating structures, the plurality of radiating structures are arranged in a circular array around the cone top, and the second conductive layer comprises a grounding structure; The gain branch is connected to a side of the dielectric substrate facing the first conductive layer, and the gain branch is located between two adjacent radiation structures. The gain branch is made of a conductor and is spaced apart from the radiation structure.

33. A distributed antenna system, characterized in that: Comprising the omnidirectional antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 32.

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