Organic and inorganic fertilizer mixing and spreading combination operation device

Abstract

The application relates to a mixed and scattered cooperation device of organic and inorganic fertilizers, which belongs to agricultural machinery; a motor A, a gear box shell, a feeding box, a discharging hopper, a barrel and an arc blade disc type scattering device are fixed on a frame assembly in sequence; the motor A, the motor B and the motor C are connected with the gear box shell; a transmission shaft, a bidirectional screw rod and a bidirectional screw main shaft are rotatably inserted on the gear box shell; a transmission system composed of bevel gears A, B and C, a bidirectional friction clutch, a transmission shaft, a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a shaft sleeve D is connected with a roller sleeved on the bidirectional screw main shaft; a transmission mechanism composed of bevel gears E, F and D and a shaft sleeve A is connected with the bidirectional screw main shaft and a nut sliding rail sleeved on the bidirectional screw main shaft; opening and closing blades and an opening and closing blade opening degree adjusting system are installed in the barrel; the device realizes integration of fertilizer mixing and scattering operation, has high land capacity, high fertilizer utilization rate, good effect and low fertilizer mixing and scattering cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to agricultural machinery and mainly relates to an apparatus that combines the mixing and spreading of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, numerous fertilizer application machines of varying models and structures are used in agricultural production in my country. However, these machines are limited to single-function fertilizer application, offering limited operational capabilities. In recent years, with the widespread application of soil testing and fertilization techniques, the research and application of various mixed fertilizers have rapidly developed. To adapt to the use of existing single-function fertilizer application machines, the mixing and processing of various mixed fertilizers must be completed within feed processing enterprises using specialized equipment. This type of fertilizer not only has poor adaptability to different soil types but also increases processing and usage costs. Even with on-site soil testing, the fertilizer mixture still needs to be processed on-site using specialized mixing equipment before being applied using single-function fertilizer application machines. The long application cycle and low efficiency are technical problems that must be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and, in light of the actual needs of current agricultural production for the application of mixed fertilizers, to develop and design a combined organic and inorganic fertilizer mixing and spreading device. By combining the mixing and processing of mixed fertilizers with the fertilization and spreading operations, this device aims to improve operational efficiency, enhance the fertilizer's adaptability to soil needs, improve fertilizer conservation and efficiency, and reduce processing and usage costs.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: Motor A, Motor B, Motor C, a gearbox housing, a feed box, a discharge hopper, a material cylinder, and an arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device are sequentially fixed to the frame assembly from front to back. Motors A, B, and C are respectively positioned on the outer side of the gearbox housing, and the arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device is located below the material cylinder. A drive shaft, a double-acting lead screw, and a double-acting lead screw main shaft are sequentially and rotatably inserted into the gearbox housing, parallel to each other. Bevel gears A and C are respectively mounted on the drive shaft, axially and radially positioned, circumferentially rotatable, and symmetrically. A double-acting friction clutch is mounted on the drive shaft, circumferentially and radially positioned, and axially reciprocatingly movable, located between bevel gears A and C. A bidirectional friction clutch sequentially engages or disengages with bevel gears A and C. A bevel gear B is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of motor C, meshing with both bevel gears A and C. A drive pulley is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the drive shaft, outside the gearbox housing. A bidirectional nut is reciprocally mounted on the bidirectional lead screw. A shift fork is pivotally mounted inside the gearbox housing via a hinge pin; one end of the shift fork is hinged to the bidirectional nut, and the other end is engaged with the bidirectional friction clutch. The motor shaft of motor A is connected to the bidirectional lead screw. Bushings A and C are axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the outer front and rear ends of the bidirectional lead screw main shaft, respectively. Bushing A is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the outer side of bushing A. A rotating bushing B is fitted with a driven pulley fixed to bushing B. A transmission belt sleeve is fitted onto both the driving and driven pulleys. A roller is fixedly supported on the outside of bushings B and C, enclosing the entire bidirectional lead screw spindle. Bevel gears F and D are fixedly mounted correspondingly on the front side of the bidirectional lead screw spindle and bushing A, located inside the gearbox housing cavity. A bevel gear E is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of motor B, meshing with both bevel gears F and D. N bidirectional nuts are sequentially fitted onto the bidirectional lead screw spindle, rotatably in the circumference and movable in the axial direction. A steel brush stirring rod is fixedly mounted on the outside of the bidirectional nuts. A nut slide rail is supported on the outside of the N bidirectional nuts, allowing the N bidirectional nuts to slide axially on the nut slide rail. The movement is described in that the front end of the nut slide rail is fixedly connected to the bushing A; a motor D is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the material cylinder, a bevel gear H is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of motor D, four support shafts are fixedly mounted symmetrically on the side wall of the material cylinder and located inside the cylinder cavity, four bevel gears G are coaxially and rotatably mounted on the four support shafts respectively, sleeves are fixedly mounted coaxially on the inner end faces of the four bevel gears G respectively, an annular seat plate is fixedly mounted on the bottom part of the cylinder cavity by four support rods, four opening and closing blades are rotatably hinged on the upper surface of the annular seat plate by four positioning pins respectively, a lever is hinged on the opening and closing blades by connecting pins, a cylindrical pin mounted on the lever is slidably inserted into the inclined guide hole on the sleeve, and a guide groove fixed in the cylinder cavity connects the discharge hopper with the opening and closing blades;Spiral auger blades are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drum; a feed baffle is installed on the upper rear side of the feed box, located in front of the drum; a discharge baffle is installed on the lower front side of the discharge hopper, located in front of the drum, thus forming a combined organic and inorganic fertilizer mixing and spreading device.

[0005] This invention enables the determination of the ratio of various organic and inorganic fertilizers in real time based on soil testing and fertilization data at the fertilization site. After adding the fertilizers, the device continuously completes the uniform mixing and spreading of fertilizers. It features targeted fertilization, good fertilization effect, high fertilizer utilization rate, no need for special mixing equipment, and low production cost. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the combined organic and inorganic fertilizer mixing and spreading device;

[0007] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top sectional view;

[0008] Figure 3 This is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the barrel structure;

[0009] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the barrel structure;

[0010] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a two-way lead screw spindle;

[0011] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a two-way friction clutch;

[0012] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional lead screw spindle and bidirectional lead screw nut slide rail drive structure.

[0013] Part number description in the image:

[0014] 1. Frame assembly; 2. Motor A; 3. Double-acting lead screw; 4. Gearbox housing; 5. Motor B; 6. Bushing A; 7. Driven pulley; 8. Feed box; 9. Feed baffle; 10. Bushing B; 11. Drum; 12. Discharge hopper; 13. Motor D; 14. Material cylinder; 15. Arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device; 16. Discharge baffle; 17. Drive shaft; 18. Bevel gear A; 19. Motor C; 20. Bevel gear B; 21. Double-acting friction clutch; 22. Bevel gear C; 23. Drive pulley; 24. Drive belt; 25. Spiral. 26. Agitator blade, 27. Steel brush stirring rod, 28. Bushing C, 29. Nut slide rail, 30. Double-acting nut, 31. Double-acting lead screw spindle, 32. Bevel gear D, 33. Bevel gear E, 34. Bevel gear F, 35. Double-acting lead screw nut, 36. Hinge pin, 37. Shift fork, 38. Bevel gear H, 39. Support shaft, 40. Positioning pin, 41. Connecting pin, 42. Shift lever, 43. Opening and closing blade, 44. Annular seat plate, 45. Sleeve, 45-1. Inclined guide hole, 46. Fertilizer guide groove, 47. Cylindrical pin, 48. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. An organic and inorganic fertilizer mixing and spreading combined machine includes an arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device 15. Motors A2, B5, and C19, a gearbox housing 4, a feed box 8, a discharge hopper 12, a material cylinder 14, and the arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device 15 are sequentially fixed on the frame assembly 1 from front to back. Motors A2, B5, and C19 are respectively located on the outer side of the gearbox housing 4, and the arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device 15 is located below the material cylinder 14. A drive shaft 17, a double-acting lead screw 3, and a double-acting lead screw main shaft 30 are sequentially and rotatably inserted into the gearbox housing 4, parallel to each other. The drive shaft 17 is axially and radially positioned, circumferentially rotatable, and mutually... Bevel gears A18 and C22 are symmetrically mounted. A bidirectional friction clutch 21 is mounted on the drive shaft 17, positioned circumferentially and radially between bevel gears A18 and C22, and is axially reciprocating. The bidirectional friction clutch 21 is in contact with or disengaged from bevel gears A18 and C22, respectively. A bevel gear B20 is fixed on the motor shaft of motor C19, and the bevel gear B20 meshes with both bevel gears A18 and C22. A drive pulley 23 is fixed on the rear end of the drive shaft 17, located outside the gearbox housing 4. A bidirectional nut 34 is reciprocatingly mounted on the bidirectional lead screw 3. A hinge pin 3 passes through the gearbox housing 4. 5. A swingable shift fork 36 is mounted, one end of which is hinged to a double-acting screw nut 34, and the other end of which is inserted into a double-acting friction clutch 21. The motor shaft of motor A2 is connected to the double-acting screw 3. A bushing A6 and bushing C27 are axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the outer front and rear sides of the double-acting screw main shaft 30, respectively. A bushing B10 is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the outer side of bushing A6. A driven pulley 7 is fixedly mounted on bushing B10. A transmission belt 24 is fitted onto the driving pulley 23 and the driven pulley 7. A support roller 11 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of bushing B10 and bushing C27, and the roller 11 completely encloses the double-acting screw main shaft 30. The double-acting screw spindle 30 and bushing A6 are respectively fixedly mounted on the front side of the spindle and bushing A6, and respectively at the position inside the gearbox housing 4. A bevel gear E32 is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of motor B5. The bevel gear E32 meshes with the bevel gear F33 and bevel gear D31 respectively. N double-acting nuts 29 are circumferentially rotatable and axially movable in sequence on the double-acting screw spindle 30. A steel brush stirring rod 26 is fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of the double-acting nuts 29. A nut slide rail 28 is supported and clamped on the outer side of the N double-acting nuts 29. The N double-acting nuts 29 can slide axially on the nut slide rail 28. The front end of the nut slide rail 28 is fixedly connected to the bushing A6.A motor D13 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the material cylinder 14. A bevel gear H38 is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of the motor D13. Four support shafts 39 are fixedly mounted symmetrically on the side wall of the material cylinder 14 and inside the cylinder cavity. Four bevel gears G37 are coaxially and rotatably mounted on the four support shafts 39. Sleeves 45 are fixedly mounted coaxially on the inner end faces of the four bevel gears G37. An annular seat plate 44 is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the cylinder cavity of the material cylinder 14 by four support rods 48. Four opening and closing blades are rotatably hinged on the upper end face of the annular seat plate 44 by four positioning pins 40. 43. A lever 42 is hinged to the opening / closing blade 43 via a connecting pin 41. A cylindrical pin 47 mounted on the lever 42 is slidably inserted into an inclined guide hole 45-1 on the sleeve 45. A guide groove 46 fixed in the cylinder cavity of the material cylinder 14 connects the discharge hopper 12 with the opening / closing blade 43. A spiral auger blade 25 is fixed to the inner wall of the drum 11. A feed baffle 9 is removably installed on the upper rear side of the feed box 8, located in front of the drum 11. A discharge baffle 16 is removably installed on the lower front side of the discharge hopper 12, located behind the drum 11.

[0016] During operation, open the feed baffle 9 and discharge baffle 16, start motors C19 and B5, and simultaneously and continuously feed the fertilizer components from the feed box 8 into the cavity between the outside of the double-acting screw main shaft 30 and the inside of the drum 11. The rotational power of motor C19 drives the drum 11 to rotate forward through bevel gear B20, bevel gear C22, double-acting friction clutch 21, drive shaft 17, drive pulley 23, drive belt 24, driven pulley 7, and bushing B10. Under the action of the spiral stirring blades 25, the material is mixed and conveyed to the discharge hopper 12 at the rear, and then fed into the upper part of the opening and closing blades 43 on the lower side of the material cylinder 14 through the fertilizer guide trough 46. At the same time, the rotational power of motor B5 is simultaneously transmitted through bevel gear E32. The step drive bevel gears F33 and D31 rotate in opposite directions. Bevel gear F33 drives the bidirectional lead screw spindle 30 to rotate, realizing and completing the axial reciprocating motion of the steel brush stirring rod 26 driven by the bidirectional nut 29 under the control of the nut slide rail 28. The reverse rotation power of bevel gear D31 drives the steel brush stirring rod 26 to rotate circumferentially through bushing A6, nut slide rail 28, and bidirectional nut 29, performing and completing the efficient and high-quality segmented uniform mixing and processing of fertilizer. At the same time, the axial reciprocating movement and circumferential rotation of the steel brush stirring rod 26 also cleans the spiral auger blades 25 to prevent material residue. The uniformly mixed fertilizer falls onto the arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device 15 through the opening and closing blades 43 to complete the uniform spreading and fertilization operation.

[0017] When the opening size of the opening and closing blades 43 needs to be adjusted according to the amount of fertilizer applied, the motor D13 is started, and the rotating bevel gear H38 sequentially moves the opening and closing blades 43 around the positioning pin 40 on the annular seat plate 44 through the bevel gear G37, sleeve 45, cylindrical pin 47, lever 42, and connecting pin 41, thereby changing the opening size of the four opening and closing blades 43 and realizing the adjustment of the amount of fertilizer applied.

[0018] When the fertilizer has a large number of components or contains fertilizer components that are difficult to mix, all fertilizer components can be added into the drum 11, the feed baffle 9 and the discharge baffle 16 are closed, and motors A2, C19 and B5 are started at the same time. Under normal operation of the drum 11 and the double-acting screw main shaft 30, motor A2 drives the shift fork 36 to swing back and forth around the hinge pin 35 through the double-acting screw 3 and double-acting screw nut 34. The shift fork 36 engages the double-acting friction clutch 21 to continuously perform axial reciprocating motion on the transmission shaft 17, and engages with the bevel gear A18 and bevel gear C23 in sequence to make close contact or disengagement contact, continuously adjusting and changing the forward and reverse rotation of the transmission shaft 17. The rotation direction of the drum 11 is changed through the driving pulley 23, the transmission belt 24, the driven pulley 7 and the bushing B10, which strengthens the mixing force of the material and ensures the uniformity of the mixed fertilizer components. Then, the fertilization operation is carried out.

Claims

1. A combined organic and inorganic fertilizer mixing and spreading device, comprising an arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device (15), characterized in that: Motors A (2), B (5), C (19), gearbox housing (4), feed box (8), discharge hopper (12), material cylinder (14), and arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device (15) are fixedly mounted on the frame assembly (1) from front to back. Motors A (2), B (5), and C (19) are respectively located on the outer side of the gearbox housing (4), and the arc-shaped blade disc-type spreading device (15) is located below the material cylinder (14). A drive shaft (17), a double-acting screw (3), and a double-acting screw main shaft (30) are sequentially inserted into the gearbox housing (4) in parallel and rotatable order. A bevel gear A (18) and a bevel gear C (22) are respectively mounted on the drive shaft (17) in an axial and radial orientation, circumferentially rotatable, and symmetrically. A bevel gear A (18) and a bevel gear C (22) are respectively mounted on the drive shaft (17) at the position between bevel gear A (18) and bevel gear C (22). A two-way friction clutch (21) is mounted radially and axially reciprocatingly. The two-way friction clutch (21) is in contact with or disengaged from bevel gear A (18) and bevel gear C (22) respectively. A bevel gear B (20) is fixed on the motor shaft of motor C (19). The bevel gear B (20) meshes with bevel gear A (18) and bevel gear C (22) respectively. A drive pulley (23) is fixed on the rear end of the transmission shaft (17) outside the gearbox housing (4). A two-way screw nut (34) is reciprocally mounted on the two-way screw (3). A shift fork (36) is oscillatingly mounted inside the gearbox housing (4) via a hinge pin (35). One end of the shift fork (36) is hinged to the two-way screw nut (34), and the other end of the shift fork (36) is inserted into the two-way friction clutch (21). The motor shaft of motor A (2) is connected to the two-way screw (3).A bushing A (6) and a bushing C (27) are axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the outer front and rear sides of the bidirectional lead screw spindle (30), respectively. A bushing B (10) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the outer side of bushing A (6). A driven pulley (7) is fixed on bushing B (10). A transmission belt (24) is fitted on the driving pulley (23) and the driven pulley (7). A roller (11) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of bushing B (10) and bushing C (27). The roller (11) completely encloses the bidirectional lead screw spindle (30). The roller (11) is located on the front side of the bidirectional lead screw spindle (30) and bushing A (6) inside the gearbox housing (4). Bevel gears F (33) and D (31) are fixedly mounted at corresponding locations. Bevel gear E (32) is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of motor B (5). Bevel gear E (32) meshes with bevel gears F (33) and D (31) respectively. N double-sided nuts (29) are sequentially mounted on the double-sided screw main shaft (30) in a circumferentially rotatable and axially movable manner. Steel brush stirring rods (26) are fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of the double-sided nuts (29). Nut slide rails (28) are supported and clamped on the outer side of the N double-sided nuts (29). The N double-sided nuts (29) can slide axially on the nut slide rails (28). The front end of the nut slide rails (28) is connected to the bushing A (6). Fixed connection; a motor D (13) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the material cylinder (14), a bevel gear H (38) is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of the motor D (13), four support shafts (39) are fixedly mounted symmetrically on the side wall of the material cylinder (14) and inside the cylinder cavity, four bevel gears G (37) are coaxially and rotatably mounted on the four support shafts (39), sleeves (45) are fixedly mounted coaxially on the inner end faces of the four bevel gears G (37), an annular seat plate (44) is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the cylinder cavity of the material cylinder (14) by four support rods (48), and four opening and closing blades (43) are rotatably hinged on the upper end face of the annular seat plate (44) by four positioning pins (40). A lever (42) is hinged to the opening and closing blade (43) by a connecting pin (41). A cylindrical pin (47) mounted on the lever (42) is slidably inserted into an inclined guide hole (45-1) on the sleeve (45). A guide groove (46) fixed in the cylinder cavity of the material cylinder (14) connects the discharge hopper (12) with the opening and closing blade (43). Spiral auger blades (25) are fixed on the inner wall of the drum (11). A feed baffle (9) is removably installed on the upper rear side of the feed box (8) in front of the drum (11). A discharge baffle (16) is removably installed on the lower front side of the discharge hopper (12) in front of the drum (11).

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