Natural gas hydrogen production device

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural gas hydrogen production device, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production devices. The problems of catalyst carbon deposition and low natural combustion conversion rate in hydrogen production through catalytic cracking of natural gas in the prior art are solved. The device comprises a natural gas cracking device, the natural gas cracking device carries out cracking reaction on natural gas through an electric field and high temperature, a primary cracking mechanism is used for carrying out primary cracking on the natural gas, and a secondary cracking mechanism is used for carrying out secondary cracking on uncracked natural gas in the primary cracking mechanism; the heat exchange device is communicated with the natural gas cracking device and is used for cooling a product of the natural gas cracking device; and the carbon powder taking device is communicated with the heat exchange device and is used for carrying out gas-solid separation on a product of the heat exchange device so as to obtain carbon powder and hydrogen. According to the method, no catalyst is needed, the conversion rate of hydrogen prepared from natural gas is effectively increased, and the conversion rate of natural gas can reach 90% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production devices, and in particular relates to a natural gas hydrogen production device. Background Art

[0002] Natural gas hydrogen production refers to the process of converting methane, the main component of natural gas, into hydrogen through chemical reactions using natural gas as raw material. The main methods of natural gas hydrogen production include:

[0003] Natural gas steam reforming hydrogen production: natural gas is compressed and desulfurized, and then reacted with steam at a certain pressure in a reformer to produce hydrogen through a catalytic reaction. This is the most commonly used hydrogen production technology, but the reaction process requires the absorption of a large amount of heat and has high energy consumption.

[0004] Partial oxidation of natural gas to produce hydrogen: The incomplete combustion of methane and oxygen produces carbon monoxide and hydrogen. No external heating is required, but problems such as catalyst carbon deposition need to be solved.

[0005] Natural gas autothermal reforming to produce hydrogen: Combining partial oxidation reaction and steam reforming reaction to achieve self-heating and improve the conversion efficiency of methane.

[0006] Hydrogen production by catalytic cracking of natural gas: natural gas is catalytically decomposed at high temperature to produce hydrogen and carbon materials, which are characterized by high purity and low energy consumption; however, there are problems such as catalyst carbon deposition and low hydrogen conversion rate that need to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems of catalyst carbon deposition and low conversion rate in the prior art when producing hydrogen through catalytic cracking of natural gas, the present invention provides a natural gas hydrogen production device.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A natural gas hydrogen production device, comprising:

[0010] A natural gas cracking device, wherein the natural gas cracking device performs cracking reaction on natural gas through electric field and high temperature, and the natural gas cracking device comprises a primary cracking mechanism and a secondary cracking mechanism which are interconnected, wherein the primary cracking mechanism is used for performing initial cracking on natural gas, and the secondary cracking mechanism is used for performing secondary cracking on natural gas which is not cracked in the primary cracking mechanism;

[0011] a heat exchange device, the heat exchange device being connected to the natural gas cracking device and cooling the product of the natural gas cracking device;

[0012] A carbon powder taking device is connected to the heat exchange device and performs gas-solid separation on the product of the heat exchange device to obtain carbon powder and hydrogen.

[0013] After adopting this technical solution, the present invention firstly utilizes the dual effects of electric field and high temperature to crack natural gas, effectively improving the cracking efficiency of natural gas, and then utilizes the primary cracking mechanism to perform the initial cracking of natural gas, and then utilizes the secondary cracking mechanism to crack the natural gas that is not completely cracked in the primary cracking mechanism again, effectively improving the conversion rate of natural gas to prepare hydrogen. At the same time, the present invention not only increases the hydrogen production, but also greatly increases the carbon powder production because carbon powder is produced while hydrogen is produced.

[0014] Preferably, the primary cracking mechanism includes a first cracking chamber and a plasma generator, the air inlet end of the plasma generator is connected to a natural gas source, the high-temperature arc emitted by the plasma generator is located in the first cracking chamber, and the secondary cracking mechanism includes at least one second cracking chamber.

[0015] After adopting this technical solution, the secondary cracking mechanism includes at least one second cracking chamber. When there are multiple second cracking chambers, each second cracking chamber is connected in sequence, and the two second cracking chambers located at the ends are respectively connected to the first cracking chamber and the heat exchange device. Since the high-temperature arc of the plasma generator has the characteristics of long high-temperature arc length and high center temperature, using it as a heat source can simultaneously make the primary cracking mechanism and the secondary cracking mechanism connected to the primary cracking mechanism reach the temperature required for natural gas cracking when only one heat source is set, making full use of the heat generated by the plasma generator and reducing the energy consumption required for multiple cracking.

[0016] Preferably, the length of the first cracking chamber is L 1 , the length of the secondary cracking mechanism is L 2 , the length of the high temperature arc emitted by the plasma generator is L 3 ,and:

[0017] L 1 ≤L 3 ≤L 1 +L 2 ;

[0018] L 1 ≤L 2 .

[0019] After adopting this technical solution, when the secondary cracking mechanism is composed of only one second cracking chamber, L 2 Refers to the length of the second cracking chamber. When the secondary cracking mechanism is composed of multiple second cracking chambers, L 2Refers to the total length of each second cracking chamber. The high-temperature arc emitted by the plasma generator extends from one end of the first cracking chamber to the connection between the first cracking chamber and the second cracking chamber or into the second cracking chamber, so that the heat of the high-temperature arc can be dissipated into the second cracking chamber, so that the second cracking chamber reaches the cracking temperature, so there is no need to set up an additional heating source in the second cracking chamber.

[0020] Preferably, the first cracking chamber and the second cracking chamber are both cylindrical structures, and the diameter of the first cracking chamber is D 1 , the diameter of the second cracking chamber is D 2 , and: D 1 ≤D 2 .

[0021] After adopting this technical solution, the diameter of the secondary cracking mechanism is larger than the diameter of the first cracking chamber, so that the heat distribution is more uniform, the expanded gas is easier to disperse in the second cracking chamber, and the heat absorbed by the gas can be more uniform.

[0022] Preferably, a retaining net is provided at the connection between the primary cracking mechanism and the secondary cracking mechanism and at the connection between the secondary cracking mechanism and the heat exchange device, and a plurality of vent holes are provided on the retaining net.

[0023] After adopting this technical solution, the characteristics of hydrogen gas with light weight and fast flow rate are utilized, so that the hydrogen gas drives the remaining gases to reach the baffle at the gas outlet first and generates vortex at the baffle, so that the incompletely cracked gas contained in the hydrogen gas vortexes to the primary cracking mechanism for further cracking. At the same time, since the vortexing gas forms a gas wall at the baffle, the subsequent introduction and generation of gas to the gas outlet of the cracking chamber also vortexes to the cracking chamber for further cracking under the action of the gas wall, thereby effectively increasing the residence time of the gas in the cracking chamber. Similarly, the baffle at the discharge end of the secondary cracking mechanism also has the same effect, so that the cracking reaction of methane is more complete.

[0024] Preferably, the toner removal device comprises:

[0025] Collection chamber;

[0026] A mounting frame, the mounting frame is arranged in the collecting chamber, and a filter screen is provided on the surface of the mounting frame;

[0027] A transmission part, through which the mounting frame movably cooperates with the collection chamber;

[0028] A driving part is connected to the transmission part.

[0029] After adopting this technical solution, the filter screen is installed on the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is movably coordinated with the collection chamber through a transmission part, and the transmission part is connected to the driving part, that is, the driving part can drive the transmission part to drive the mounting frame to move, such as rotate or reciprocate, so that the nano-scale carbon powder adsorbed on the filter screen on the mounting frame is shaken off through the movement of the mounting frame, thereby completing the collection of the nano-scale carbon powder.

[0030] Preferably, the transmission part comprises a rotating shaft, both ends of the rotating shaft are movably connected to the collecting chamber respectively, and the mounting frame is arranged on the rotating shaft;

[0031] The driving unit includes a first motor, and an output end of the first motor is connected to an end of the rotating shaft.

[0032] Preferably, the transmission part comprises a screw rod and a screw rod nut which are mutually transmission-coordinated, two ends of the screw rod are respectively movably connected with the collecting chamber, and the mounting frame is arranged on the screw rod nut;

[0033] The driving part includes a second motor, and an output end of the second motor is connected to the end of the lead screw.

[0034] Preferably, the device further comprises a catalytic device, the catalytic device being connected to the carbon powder taking device, and the catalytic device comprising:

[0035] Catalytic chamber;

[0036] A net bag, the net bag is arranged in the catalytic cavity;

[0037] A heating component is arranged outside the catalytic cavity.

[0038] After adopting this technical solution, the hydrogen delivered by the carbon powder extraction device undergoes a catalytic reaction through the catalyst, thereby further purifying the hydrogen. The heating component is used to provide the temperature required for the catalytic reaction.

[0039] Preferably, the heating assembly comprises a heating tube wrapped around the outside of the catalytic chamber, the inlet end of the heating tube is connected to the first inlet of the heat exchange device, and the outlet end of the heating tube is connected to the first outlet of the heat exchange device.

[0040] Preferably, the natural gas cracking device further comprises:

[0041] a first thermal insulation layer, wherein the first thermal insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the primary cracking mechanism;

[0042] A second thermal insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the secondary cracking mechanism.

[0043] After adopting this technical solution, the primary cracking mechanism and the secondary cracking mechanism can be insulated by the first thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer, thereby reducing heat loss.

[0044] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] The present invention firstly utilizes the dual effects of electric field and high temperature to crack natural gas, thereby effectively improving the cracking efficiency of natural gas. Meanwhile, the light weight and fast flow rate of hydrogen are utilized, so that hydrogen drives the remaining gases to reach the gas outlet first and generates vortex at the gas outlet, thereby causing the incompletely cracked gas carried by the hydrogen to vortex to the cracking chamber for further cracking. Meanwhile, since the vortexed gas forms a gas wall at the gas outlet, the subsequent gas introduced and generated to reach the gas outlet of the cracking chamber also vortexes to the cracking chamber for further cracking under the action of the gas wall, thereby effectively increasing the residence time of the gas in the cracking chamber, thereby further improving the conversion rate of natural gas. Finally, the conversion rate of natural gas of the present invention can reach more than 90%, and there is no need to use a catalyst for cracking, thereby effectively solving the problems of catalyst carbon deposition and low conversion rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a natural gas hydrogen production device disclosed in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the natural gas cracking unit;

[0048] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange device;

[0049] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a device for extracting carbon powder;

[0050] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a device for extracting carbon powder;

[0051] 1-natural gas cracking device, 11-plasma generator, 12-first cracking chamber, 13-second cracking chamber, 14-blocking net, 15-vent, 16-first insulation layer, 17-second insulation layer;

[0052] 2-heat exchange device, 21-first inlet, 22-second inlet, 23-second outlet, 24-second outlet;

[0053] 3-carbon powder taking device, 31-collecting chamber, 32-third outlet, 33-rotating shaft, 331′-screw, 332′-screw slider, 34-first motor, 34′-second motor, 35-fourth outlet, 36-metal ion membrane, 37-mounting frame, 38-third inlet;

[0054] 4-catalytic device, 41-heating component, 42-net bag;

[0055] 100 - first pipeline, 110 - second pipeline, 120 - third pipeline, 130 - fourth pipeline;

[0056] 200 - first refrigerant pipeline, 210 - second refrigerant pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A natural gas hydrogen production device, comprising:

[0061] A natural gas cracking device 1, wherein the natural gas cracking device 1 performs cracking reaction on natural gas through electric field and high temperature, and the natural gas cracking device 1 comprises a primary cracking mechanism and a secondary cracking mechanism which are interconnected, wherein the primary cracking mechanism is used for performing initial cracking of natural gas, and the secondary cracking mechanism is used for performing re-cracking of natural gas that has not been cracked in the primary cracking mechanism; specifically, the primary cracking mechanism is connected to a natural gas source through a first pipeline 100, and the natural gas source can be residential pipeline natural gas, wherein the methane content is above 98%;

[0062] The heat exchange device 2 is connected to the natural gas cracking device 1 and cools the product of the natural gas cracking device 1; the specific heat exchange device 2 can be a shell and tube heat exchanger, and the second inlet 22 of the shell and tube heat exchanger is connected to the natural gas cracking device 1 through the second pipeline 110.

[0063] The carbon powder extracting device 3 is connected to the heat exchange device 2 and performs gas-solid separation on the product of the heat exchange device 2 to obtain carbon powder and hydrogen. Specifically, the second outlet 23 of the shell and tube heat exchanger is connected to the carbon powder extracting device 3 through the third pipeline 120 .

[0064] In order to facilitate the control of the flow rate of the fluid in each pipeline, pipeline solenoid valves are respectively provided in the first pipeline 100 , the second pipeline 110 , and the third pipeline 120 .

[0065] The working principle of this system is:

[0066] First, the natural gas provided by the natural gas source (for example, 3 cubic meters of natural gas is introduced into the first pipeline 100 and the eighth pipeline 170 in total) is sent to the natural gas reaction device 1 through the first pipeline 100. The natural gas reaction device 1 generates an electric field to electrolyze the methane component in the natural gas introduced therein, and ionizes the methane into active ions such as carbon ions and hydrogen ions. Secondly, under the action of the electric field, the carbon ions and hydrogen ions move and collide to generate a high-temperature arc, and the high-temperature arc is used to crack the methane under high-temperature conditions to generate products such as hydrogen (for example, 6 cubic meters of hydrogen) and nano-scale carbon powder (for example, 1500 grams of carbon powder), and the products generated by the reaction (hydrogen and nano-scale carbon powder) are sent to the heat exchange device 2 through the second pipeline 110. The heat exchange device 2 cools the above products (hydrogen and nano-scale carbon powder), usually from 800°C to 40-60°C (for example, specifically from 800°C to room temperature). The heat exchange device 2 sends the cooled products to the carbon powder taking device 3 through the third pipeline 120. The carbon powder taking device 3 performs gas-solid separation treatment on the above products and separates the hydrogen and nano-scale carbon powder (for example, 6 cubic meters of hydrogen and 1500 grams of carbon powder are obtained after the gas-solid separation treatment).

[0067] The combustion system provided in this embodiment is mainly composed of a natural gas cracking device 1, a heat exchange device 2, and a carbon powder taking device 3. First, methane is cracked multiple times by the primary cracking mechanism and the secondary cracking mechanism of the natural gas cracking device 1 to increase the residence time of the natural gas in the cracking chamber. The principle of methane cracking reaction is adopted in the primary cracking mechanism and the secondary cracking mechanism to crack the natural gas at high temperature, and the generated products are hydrogen and nano-scale carbon powder. Since the product after the cracking reaction has a very high temperature, in order to avoid the high-temperature product from damaging the subsequent process equipment, thereby making the entire process unable to continue, it is necessary to set a heat exchange device 2 connected to the natural gas cracking device 1, so that the product after the cracking of the natural gas cracking device 1 is cooled by the heat exchange device 2, and then the carbon powder taking device 3 performs gas-solid separation on the cooled product to obtain a gas product (hydrogen).

[0068] In order to improve the cracking efficiency of methane in natural gas, in this example, the primary cracking mechanism preferably includes a first cracking chamber 12 and a plasma generator 11, the gas inlet end of the plasma generator 11 is connected to the natural gas source, and the high-temperature arc emission end of the plasma generator 11 is located in the first cracking chamber 12, and the secondary cracking mechanism includes at least one second cracking chamber 13. In this embodiment, one second cracking chamber 13 is selected, and in other embodiments, multiple second cracking chambers 13 can be selected to form a secondary cracking mechanism.

[0069] In this embodiment, a plasma generator 11 is firstly provided. Specifically, the plasma generator 11 can be a high current plasma generator as disclosed in the prior art CN216057599U. The specific structure includes an arc main pole, an arc main body having a cathode connection end, and an anode installed in the installation hole. First, the arc main pole and the anode are energized respectively to generate an electric field between the cathode and the anode. The electric field ionizes methane into carbon ions and hydrogen ions, that is, high-energy electrons ionize methane into active ions such as carbon ions and hydrogen ions by inelastic collision with methane molecules. The electric field causes carbon ions and hydrogen ions to move and collide, generating a high-temperature arc. The high-temperature arc causes methane gas to undergo a cracking reaction under high temperature conditions. At the same time, the fluidity of natural gas under high temperature and high pressure is affected by temperature and pressure. Studies have shown that the fluidity of natural gas increases with increasing temperature. This is because under high temperature conditions, the movement speed of natural gas molecules is accelerated, making them easier to flow and diffuse. In order to effectively ensure the residence time of natural gas in a high temperature environment, a first cracking chamber 12 and a second cracking chamber 13 are arranged to be interconnected. During the first cracking of methane in the natural gas by the plasma generator 11 in the first cracking chamber 12, the generated products (hydrogen and nano-scale carbon powder) will have a very high temperature. After the high-temperature gas continues to flow to the second cracking chamber 13, the second cracking chamber 13 will have a certain temperature (even if the methane in the natural gas that has not been cracked in the first cracking chamber 12 continues to undergo a second cracking). Therefore, by designing two cracking chambers, the high-temperature environment covers a larger area, thereby increasing the residence time of natural gas in a high-temperature environment. At the same time, since the density of hydrogen is smaller than that of natural gas, the weight of hydrogen of the same volume is lighter than that of natural gas. Therefore, in the same temperature environment, the flow rate of hydrogen is faster than that of natural gas. Based on the above principle, by respectively placing the first cracking chamber 12 in the second cracking chamber 13, the second cracking chamber 13 will have a certain temperature (even if the methane in the natural gas that has not been cracked in the first cracking chamber 12 continues to undergo a second cracking). The air inlet and air outlet of the second cracking chamber 13 are provided with a baffle 14, and the baffle 14 is provided with an air vent 15. Since the hydrogen in the first cracking chamber 12 flows faster, it can drive part of the natural gas to flow to the air vent 15 provided on the baffle 14 at the air inlet of the second cracking chamber 13, so that a gas wall can be formed at the air vent 15, so that the unreacted natural gas in the first cracking chamber 12 hits the gas wall driven by the hydrogen and then swirls back to the first cracking chamber 12 for cracking reaction. Similarly, the second cracking chamber 1 Since the hydrogen in the second cracking chamber 13 flows faster, it can drive part of the natural gas to flow to the vent 15 provided on the baffle 14 at the gas outlet end of the second cracking chamber 13 first, so that a gas wall can be formed at the vent 15, so that the unreacted natural gas in the second cracking chamber 13 hits the gas wall driven by the hydrogen and then flows back to the second cracking chamber 13 for cracking reaction. By respectively arranging the baffle 14 at the gas inlet end and the gas outlet end of the second cracking chamber 13, the residence time of the natural gas in the high temperature environment is further increased.In summary, the structure formed by the cooperation of the first cracking chamber 12, the second cracking chamber 13 and the baffle 14 with the vent 15 can effectively increase the residence time of natural gas in a high temperature environment, thereby increasing the efficiency of methane cracking in natural gas. In this embodiment, the power of the plasma generator 11 is 15 kilowatts, and the proportion of natural gas intake is 3m. 3 In other embodiments, the ratio of the power of the corresponding plasma flame emission device to the natural gas intake volume is 5kw:1m 3 .

[0070] In this embodiment, the length of the first cracking chamber 12 is L 1 , the length of the second cracking chamber 13 is L 2 The length of the high temperature arc emitted by the plasma generator 11 is L 3 ,and:

[0071] L 1 ≤L 3 ≤L 1 +L 2 ;

[0072] L 1 ≤L 2 .

[0073] In this embodiment, the first cracking chamber 12 and the second cracking chamber 13 are both cylindrical structures, and the diameter of the first cracking chamber 12 is D 1 , the diameter of the secondary cracking mechanism is D 2 , and: D 1 ≤D 2 .

[0074] The specific parameters of the natural gas cracking device in this embodiment are as follows: the temperature of the high-temperature arc generated by the plasma generator 11 in this embodiment is 800-2000°C and the length is 25-45cm; the length of the first cracking chamber 12 is 25-45cm and the diameter is 5-8cm; the length of the second cracking chamber 13 is greater than or equal to the length of the first cracking chamber 12, and the diameter is 6-12cm; the diameter of the baffle 14 is 3-8cm, and 18-36 vents 15 are provided on the baffle 14, and the aperture of the vents 15 is 0.4-1㎜. Further preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature arc generated by the plasma generator 11 is 2000°C and the length is 30cm; the length of the first cracking chamber 12 is 30cm and the diameter is 6cm; the length of the second cracking chamber 13 is 30cm and the diameter is 8cm; the diameter of the baffle 14 is 6cm, and 24 vents 15 are provided on the baffle 14, and the aperture of the vents 15 is 0.8mm. Specifically, when the shape of the first cracking chamber 12 is a cylinder, and the length of the first cracking chamber 12 is 30 cm and the diameter is 6 cm, the shape of the arc generated by the plasma generator 11 can be made cylindrical by controlling parameters such as the power of the plasma generator 11. At the same time, the length of the arc generated by the plasma generator 11 is made 30 cm, and the diameter of the cross section (i.e., circular) is made 6 cm, so that the spray range of the arc covers the space inside the first cracking chamber 12.

[0075] In summary, the structure formed by the cooperation of the first cracking chamber 12, the second cracking chamber 13 and the baffle 14 with the vents 15 can effectively increase the residence time of natural gas in a high temperature environment, thereby increasing the efficiency of methane cracking in natural gas.

[0076] In order to effectively realize the gas-solid separation of hydrogen and nano-carbon powder, the present embodiment preferably comprises a carbon powder taking device 3 including: a collecting chamber 31. Specifically, in order to facilitate the collection of nano-carbon powder, the collecting chamber 31 has a third outlet 32, a third inlet 38 and a fourth outlet 35. The collecting chamber 31 is connected to the third pipeline 120 through the third inlet 38, and the collecting chamber 31 is connected to the fourth pipeline 130 through the fourth outlet 35. The outer wall of the lower half of the collecting chamber 31 is inclined toward the fourth outlet 35, that is, the diameter of the upper part of the lower half of the collecting chamber 31 is larger than the diameter of the third outlet 32 ​​arranged below the lower half of the collecting chamber. First, by setting the fourth outlet 35, it is convenient for the separated hydrogen to pass through The fourth outlet 35 enters the next process. Secondly, by setting an inclined outer wall and a third outlet 32, the inclined outer wall is convenient for guiding the split nano-scale carbon powder to the third outlet 32; the mounting frame 37, the mounting frame 37 is arranged in the collection chamber 31, and the surface of the mounting frame 37 has a filter net. Specifically, in order to facilitate the adsorption of nano-scale carbon powder, since the carbon powder carries ions in a high temperature environment and the particle size of the carbon powder is less than 100nm, the filter net can use a metal ion membrane with a pore size greater than or equal to 100nm. In this embodiment, the pore size of the metal ion membrane is 100nm; a transmission part, the mounting frame 37 is movably matched with the collection chamber 31 through the transmission part; a driving part, and the driving part is connected to the transmission part.

[0077] In this example, a metal ion membrane is first used for the filter. Since the pore size of the metal ion membrane is larger than the particle size of the carbon powder, and the carbon powder carries ions under high temperature environment, the charged carbon powder can be adsorbed on the metal ion membrane made of metal material through electrostatic effect. That is, when a charged object approaches a metal object, electrostatic induction will occur inside the metal object, causing the free electrons in the object to move to the surface, making the surface charged. Therefore, the potential generated by electrostatic induction and the static electricity of the charged object attract each other under the action of Coulomb force, so that adsorption occurs. Therefore, the charged carbon powder can be adsorbed first through the metal ion membrane, and the hydrogen is discharged through the holes on the metal ion membrane, thereby completing the gas-solid separation of hydrogen and nano-scale carbon powder. Secondly, the filter screen is installed on the mounting frame 37, and the mounting frame 37 is movably matched with the collection chamber 31 through the transmission part, and the transmission part is connected to the driving part, that is, the driving part can drive the transmission part to drive the mounting frame 37 to move, such as rotate or reciprocate, so that the nano-scale carbon powder adsorbed on the metal ion membrane on the mounting frame 37 is shaken off through the movement of the mounting frame 37, thereby completing the collection of nano-scale carbon powder.

[0078] In order to realize regular rotation of the filter screen, in this embodiment, preferably, the transmission part includes a rotating shaft 33, both ends of the rotating shaft 33 are respectively movably connected to the collecting chamber 31, and the mounting frame 37 is arranged on the rotating shaft 33; the driving part includes a first motor 34, and the output end of the first motor 34 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 33.

[0079] In this example, the mounting bracket 37 is arranged on the rotating shaft 33, and the output end of the first motor 34 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 33. The specific first motor 34 can be a servo motor. Since the speed and position accuracy of the servo motor are very accurate, the driving force can be transmitted to the rotating shaft 33 by controlling the forward or reverse rotation of the servo motor, thereby driving the rotating shaft 33 to rotate forward or reverse regularly. Since the mounting bracket 37 is arranged on the rotating shaft 33, the rotating shaft 33 can drive the mounting bracket 37 to move regularly (i.e., forward or reverse), thereby making it easier to shake off the nano-scale carbon powder adsorbed on the metal ion membrane.

[0080] In order to realize regular reciprocating movement of the filter screen, in this embodiment, preferably, the transmission part includes a screw rod 331' and a screw nut 332' that cooperate with each other, the two ends of the screw rod 331' are respectively movably connected to the collecting chamber 31, and the mounting bracket 37 is arranged on the screw nut 332'; the driving part includes a second motor 34', and the output end of the second motor 34' is connected to the end of the screw rod 331'.

[0081] In this example, the mounting bracket 37 is arranged on the screw nut 332′, and the output end of the second motor 34′ is connected to the end of the screw 331′. The specific second motor 34′ can be a servo motor. Since the speed and position accuracy of the servo motor are very accurate, the driving force can be transmitted to the screw 331′ by controlling the forward or reverse rotation of the servo motor, thereby driving the screw 331′ to rotate forward or reverse regularly. Since the screw nut 332′ and the screw 331′ are transmission-matched, i.e., threaded-matched, the screw nut 332′ can be driven to reciprocate on the screw 331′ along the direction of the screw 331′ through the screw 331′. Since the mounting bracket 37 is arranged on the screw nut 332′, the mounting bracket 37 can be driven to move regularly (i.e., reciprocate), thereby making it easier to shake off the nano-scale carbon powder adsorbed on the metal ion membrane.

[0082] In this embodiment, the natural gas conversion rate, i.e., the higher hydrogen production and the production of nano-scale carbon powder, are further improved by setting the parameters of the natural gas cracking device, as shown in Table 1 (S1-9 in Table 1 correspond to Examples 1-9, D1-6 correspond to Comparative Examples 1-6, respectively. In order to reflect the differences, the similarities between Examples 2-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6 and Example 1 are not filled in):

[0083] Table 1

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] It can be seen from Table 1 that by reasonably controlling the parameters such as the baffle, the primary cracking chamber and the secondary cracking chamber, the maximum conversion rate of natural gas can reach 95%. When the natural gas conversion rate reaches 95%, about 93% of the obtained carbon powder has a particle size of 10-300nm, and the purity of the obtained natural gas is above 90%.

[0087] Example 10

[0088] In order to further improve the purity of the gas product in the carbon powder device (i.e., the purity of hydrogen), the present embodiment further includes a plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system further including a catalytic device 4, which is connected to the carbon powder taking device 3 and the first gas mixing device 6 respectively, and the catalytic device 4 includes: a catalytic chamber 43; a net bag 42, which is arranged in the catalytic chamber 43; and a heating component 41, which is arranged outside the catalytic chamber 43. In this example, by arranging the net bag 42 in the catalytic chamber 43, before the catalytic reaction, the catalyst is first placed on the net bag 42, and the impurities in the hydrogen are removed by the catalyst. In order to further provide the temperature for the catalytic reaction, the preferred heating component 41 in this embodiment includes a heating pipe wrapped outside the catalytic chamber 43, the inlet end of the heating pipe is connected to the first inlet 21 of the heat exchange device 2 through the first refrigerant pipeline 200, and the outlet end of the heating pipe is connected to the first outlet 24 of the heat exchange device 2 through the second refrigerant pipeline 210. The purity of the hydrogen obtained in this embodiment is more than 90%.

[0089] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A natural gas hydrogen production device, characterized in that: include: A natural gas cracking device (1), the natural gas cracking device (1) performs a cracking reaction on natural gas by means of an electric field and high temperature, the natural gas cracking device (1) comprises a primary cracking mechanism and a secondary cracking mechanism which are interconnected, the primary cracking mechanism being used to perform a primary cracking of the natural gas, and the secondary cracking mechanism being used to perform a secondary cracking of the natural gas which has not been cracked in the primary cracking mechanism; A heat exchange device (2), the heat exchange device (2) being connected to the natural gas cracking device (1) and cooling the product of the natural gas cracking device (1); A carbon powder extraction device (3) is connected to the heat exchange device (2) and performs gas-solid separation on the product of the heat exchange device (2) to obtain carbon powder and hydrogen.

2. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary cracking mechanism comprises a first cracking chamber (12) and a plasma generator (11), the gas inlet end of the plasma generator (11) being connected to a natural gas source, the high-temperature arc emitted by the plasma generator (11) being located in the first cracking chamber (12), and the secondary cracking mechanism comprises at least one second cracking chamber (13).

3. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the first cracking chamber (12) is L 1 , the length of the secondary cracking mechanism is L 2 , the length of the high temperature arc emitted by the plasma generator (11) is L 3 ,and:

4. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cracking chamber (12) and the second cracking chamber (13) are both cylindrical structures, and the diameter of the first cracking chamber (12) is D 1 , the diameter of the second cracking chamber (13) is D 2 ,and: .

5. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A blocking net (14) is provided at the connection between the primary cracking mechanism and the secondary cracking mechanism and at the connection between the secondary cracking mechanism and the heat exchange device (2), and a plurality of ventilation holes (15) are provided on the blocking net (14).

6. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The carbon powder taking device (3) comprises: a collecting chamber (31); A mounting frame (37), the mounting frame (37) being arranged in the collecting chamber (31), and a filter screen (36) being provided on a surface of the mounting frame (37); a transmission part, wherein the mounting frame (37) movably cooperates with the collection chamber (31) through the transmission part; A driving part is connected to the transmission part.

7. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission part comprises a rotating shaft (33), both ends of the rotating shaft (33) are respectively movably connected to the collecting chamber (31), and the mounting frame (37) is arranged on the rotating shaft (33); The driving unit comprises a first motor (34), the output end of the first motor (34) being connected to the end of the rotating shaft (33).

8. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission part comprises a screw rod (331') and a screw rod (331') nut which are mutually transmission-coordinated, two ends of the screw rod (331') are respectively movably connected to the collection chamber (31), and the mounting frame (37) is arranged on the screw rod (331') nut; The driving part comprises a second motor (34'), and an output end of the second motor (34') is connected to an end of the lead screw (331').

9. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a catalytic device (4), the catalytic device (4) being connected to the carbon powder taking device (3), and the catalytic device (4) comprising: Catalytic chamber; A net bag (42), the net bag (42) being arranged in the catalytic cavity; A heating component (41), wherein the heating component (41) is arranged outside the catalytic cavity.

10. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heating assembly (41) comprises a heating tube wrapped around the outside of the catalytic chamber, the inlet end of the heating tube being connected to the first inlet (21) of the heat exchange device (2), and the outlet end of the heating tube being connected to the first outlet of the heat exchange device (2).

11. A natural gas hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The natural gas cracking device (1) further comprises: A first thermal insulation layer (16), the first thermal insulation layer (16) being wrapped around the outside of the primary cracking mechanism; A second thermal insulation layer (17), wherein the second thermal insulation layer (17) is wrapped around the outside of the secondary cracking mechanism.

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