Wind prevention and sand fixation agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract and sand fixation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind prevention and sand fixation agent prepared based on a waste cottonseed extract and a sand fixation method. The wind prevention and sand fixation agent is mainly applied to the fields of desertification control, ecological restoration, soil protection and the like. According to the technical scheme, the waste cotton seeds are not pollution sources any more, but can become high-quality organic raw materials for changing deserts and waste lands into fertile fields. The waste cottonseed biological extract is used for preparing the organic matter, so that waste raw materials can be recycled, and meanwhile, the positive influence on agricultural production and the environment is also generated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and in particular to a wind-proof and sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extracts. Background Art

[0002] As a global ecological crisis, land desertification has seriously threatened regional ecological balance and human sustainable development, and it is urgent to develop efficient governance technologies. At present, sand fixation methods mainly rely on three methods: physical sand fixation, chemical sand fixation and biological sand fixation: (1) Physical sand fixation technology mainly blocks the flow of wind and sand by setting up physical barriers such as sand barriers, sand piles or laying sand nets. Although this method can stabilize sand dunes in the short term, it has problems such as high construction complexity, high material transportation and labor maintenance costs, especially in remote desert areas. It is difficult to implement on a large scale. In addition, physical barriers are easily damaged by strong winds and need periodic repairs, and the long-term economic efficiency is poor. (2) Chemical sand fixation technology is based on the spraying of high molecular polymers (such as polyacrylamide and asphalt emulsion) to form a sand surface consolidation layer. Although this technology can quickly inhibit the migration of sand particles, the residue of chemical agents will cause soil compaction, reduce microbial activity and inhibit vegetation growth, causing secondary ecological pollution. At the same time, chemical sand fixation agents are not resistant to weathering and are easily degraded and ineffective under ultraviolet radiation and extreme temperature changes, making it difficult to meet the long-term sand fixation needs. (3) Biological sand fixation technology includes two branches: plant sand fixation and microbial sand fixation. Plant sand fixation builds a protection system by laying grass grids or planting sand-dwelling plants. However, the vegetation cultivation cycle is long and requires continuous manual maintenance. The survival rate is low in arid areas. Microbial sand fixation uses bio-based sand fixating agents to promote the formation of a biological crust, which is environmentally friendly. However, the bio-based sand fixating agents in the existing technology have the problems of slow film formation speed and low compressive strength of the crust layer. The stability and adaptability need to be improved urgently.

[0003] Patent CN110330980 discloses a degradable self-repairing water-retaining and sand-fixing agent. Its technical solution uses acrylamide and xanthan gum as the base material to prepare hydrogel, and uses polyurethane microcapsules modified by stearic acid for compounding. Although the polyurethane component in this solution gives the sand-fixing agent excellent film-forming and self-repairing capabilities, the polyurethane-based material has a high molecular structure stability, which significantly limits its biodegradability. Long-term application is prone to cause soil microplastic accumulation, restricting its application in ecologically sensitive areas.

[0004] As the main cotton producing area in my country, Xinjiang produces hundreds of thousands of tons of waste cotton seeds every year in the process of cotton seed screening and oil extraction. Waste cotton seeds breed toxic microorganisms such as Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium in a humid environment, releasing strong carcinogens such as aflatoxin; under acidic conditions, waste cotton seeds will also decompose to produce volatile organic acids and sulfides, polluting the soil and water bodies; in addition, if the waste cotton seeds are directly returned to the fields, it will cause an imbalance of soil microorganisms and inhibit the development of crop roots. However, waste cotton seeds are rich in cellulose, lignin, crude protein and minerals, and have the potential to prepare bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agents. Therefore, the development of a new type of bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent has become an urgent technical need in the field of desertification control. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a wind-proof and sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract. The technical scheme is as follows: A windbreak and sand fixation agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract, the preparation steps are as follows: Step 1, raw material pretreatment: take waste cotton seed material, and inoculate actinomycete agent at 0.3-0.4% of the dry weight of waste cotton seed; Step 2, bio-pyrolysis treatment: naturally heating the raw material pretreated in step 1 to 55-65°C within 24-48 hours for 12-24 hours; Step 3, solid-liquid separation: subjecting the bio-pyrolysis product of step 2 to filter press treatment to separate and obtain a liquid extract; Step 4, preparing a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent: mixing the liquid extract obtained in step 3 with mineral humic acid and alginic acid according to 1: (4-13): (6-15), and subjecting the mixture to a constant temperature hot-dip treatment at 33-35° C. for 24-48 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent; Preferably, the actinomycete agent in step 1 is selected from one of the genus Streptomyces, Nocardia or Thermoactinomyces; Preferably, the actinomycete agent in step 1 is diluted with water according to 15%-20% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds by turning the pile; Preferably, the waste cotton seeds in step 1 are piled into a pile 1 m high and 2 m wide; Preferably, the filter press treatment in step 3 is carried out by a plate and frame filter press, the pressure of the filter press treatment is 0.6-1.2 MPa, and the time of the filter press treatment is 1-3 hours; Preferably, the liquid extract in step 4 is mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1:(8-9):(8-9).

[0006] Further preferably, the preparation steps are: Step 1, raw material pretreatment: waste cotton seeds are piled into a pile with a height of 1m and a width of 2m, and actinomycete agents are inoculated at 0.3-0.4% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds; the actinomycete agents are diluted with water at 15%-20% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds; Step 2, bio-pyrolysis treatment: naturally heating the raw material pretreated in step 1 to 55-65°C within 24-48 hours for 12-24 hours; Step 3, solid-liquid separation: the bio-pyrolysis product of step 2 is filtered through a plate and frame filter press to separate and obtain a liquid extract; Step 4, preparing a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent: mixing the liquid extract obtained in step 3 with mineral humic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1:(8-9):(8-9), and subjecting the mixture to a constant temperature hot-dip treatment at 33-35°C for 24-48 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent.

[0007] The present invention also provides a sand fixation method, which uses the wind-proof and sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract as described above to treat wind-proof and sand-fixing in mobile sand or semi-fixed sand; Preferably, the wind-proof and sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the mobile sand at 80-150 mL / m²; Preferably, the windbreak and sand-fixing agent is sprayed on semi-fixed sand at a rate of 45-75 mL / m².

[0008] Different from the existing technology, the beneficial effects achieved by using waste cotton seed material to prepare biological windbreak and sand fixation agent are: (1) Reduce pollution and reduce toxicity to cattle and sheep: Organic materials made from biological extracts of waste cotton seeds can not only turn deserts into oases, but also reduce pollution sources and protect our environment. Waste cotton seeds can be matured at high temperatures by beneficial microorganisms to effectively reduce and transform the toxicity of harmful cottonphenol substances to cattle and sheep, thereby increasing the birth rate and survival rate of cattle and sheep.

[0009] (2) Reduce costs: The biological extraction of organic matter from waste cotton seeds to produce organic materials can reduce energy consumption and product costs, increase land area and crop yields, and contribute to my country's food security.

[0010] (3) Rapid desert control and increase of soil organic matter: The organic material made from waste cottonseed biological extracts is neutral in acidity and alkalinity, contains 503-526 g / L (dry basis) of organic matter, is rich in glycerol lipid substances and biological enzyme active nutrients, and is sprayed on the desert surface to quickly crust fine sand particles and condense into large flocculent soil aggregate structures, which quickly aggregate to form a surface layer as a whole; in a dry state, it can achieve sand fixation and dust suppression while inhibiting the evaporation of water in the sand; it absorbs moisture when it comes into contact with water and forms a film with soil permeability, accelerates plant rooting and growth, and improves crop quality and yield. The condensation point of the windbreak and sand fixation agent is about -15°C, and desert control projects can be implemented all year round. The technical solution of the present invention makes waste cottonseed no longer a pollution source, but can become a high-quality organic raw material for turning deserts and wasteland into fertile fields. By using waste cottonseed biological extracts to make organic matter, not only can the waste raw materials be recycled, but also a positive impact can be exerted on agricultural production and the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a windbreak and sand fixation agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a graph showing the test results of the components of the windbreak and sand fixation agent obtained in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the heavy metal detection results of the windbreak and sand fixation agent obtained in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the technical solution in detail, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0013] Example 1 Step 1, raw material pretreatment: 100 kg of waste cotton seeds are piled into a pile of 1 m high and 2 m wide, and an actinomycete agent is inoculated at 0.3% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds; the actinomycete agent is selected from the genus Streptomyces, diluted with water at 20% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds; Step 2, bio-pyrolysis treatment: the raw material pretreated in step 1 is naturally heated to 60°C within 24 hours and continued for 12 hours; Step 3, solid-liquid separation: the bio-pyrolysis product of step 2 is filtered through a plate and frame filter press to separate and obtain a liquid extract; Step 4, preparing a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent: mixing the liquid extract obtained in step 3 with mineral humic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1:8:9, and subjecting the mixture to a constant temperature hot soaking treatment at 35°C for 48 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent.

[0014] Example 2 The same preparation method as in Example 1 is adopted, except that the actinomycete agent is selected from the genus Nocardia. The actinomycete agent is inoculated at 0.35% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds; the actinomycete agent is selected from the genus Streptomyces, diluted with water at 17% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds by turning the pile.

[0015] Example 3 The same preparation method as in Example 1 is adopted, except that the actinomycete agent is selected from the genus Thermoactinomycetes; the actinomycete agent is inoculated at 0.4% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds; the actinomycete agent is selected from the genus Streptomyces, diluted with water at 15% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds by turning over.

[0016] Example 4 The same preparation method as in Example 1 is adopted, except that the raw material pretreated in step 1 is naturally heated to 65° C. within 12 hours and continued for 24 hours.

[0017] Example 5 Step 2, bio-pyrolysis treatment: the raw material pretreated in step 1 is naturally heated to 55° C. within 36 hours and continued for 18 hours.

[0018] Example 6 The same preparation method as in Example 1 is adopted, except that the liquid extract obtained in step 3 is mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1:4:15, and subjected to constant temperature hot soaking treatment at 33°C for 24 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand fixation agent.

[0019] Example 7 The same preparation method as in Example 1 is adopted, except that the liquid extract obtained in step 3 is mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1:13:6, and subjected to constant temperature hot soaking treatment at 34°C for 36 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand fixation agent.

[0020] Test Example The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent prepared in Example 1 was selected for testing: (1) The composition of the liquid extract obtained in step 3 was detected, and the composition of the waste cottonseed biological extract was as follows: oleic acid and linoleic acid 63.1-64.4%; palmitic acid 16.5-17.1%; biological enzyme protein complex 5.9-6.6%; fat-soluble solids 3.9-4.2%; water 4.1-4.5%; stearic acid 1.62-1.7%; arachidic acid 0.31-0.4%; and myristic acid 0.18-0.2%.

[0021] (2) The windbreak and sand fixation agent obtained in step 4 was tested for its composition, and the organic matter content was 50.7-52.1%; the total content of N, P, and K elements was 5.67-6.04%; the total content of Ca, Mg, and S elements was 4.65-5.02%; the detailed component contents are as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0022] (3) The windbreak and sand fixation agent obtained in step 4 was tested for heavy metals. The test results are as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0023] Application Examples The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent prepared in Example 1 was selected for application experiment: Use a drone or agricultural machinery-mounted spray system to spray the windbreak and sand fixation agent prepared in Example 1 at a dosage of 40-150 mL / m²; Adjust dosage according to different application scenarios: (1) Spray the wind-proof and sand-fixing agent on the shifting sand at a rate of 80-150 mL / m²; (2) Spray the windbreak and sand-fixing agent on semi-fixed sand at a rate of 45-75 mL / m².

[0024] Taking semi-fixed sand as the experimental object, the laboratory wind erosion test shows that the wind-proof and sand-fixing agent prepared in Example 1 has a sand loss of less than 50g / m²·h at a wind speed of 10m / s, which is significantly better than the traditional chemical sand-fixing agent (120-150g / m²·h); Field tests showed that the crust thickness in the treated area reached 2-3 mm within 3 months, and the natural recovery rate of vegetation was more than twice that of the existing technology (0.7-1 mm).

[0025] Water retention test: Take a sand sample and spread it in a test area of ​​10 cm thick within 1 m², evenly spray the windproof and sand-fixing agent, and then evenly spray an equal amount of water to make the initial moisture content of the sand 30%. After placing it in an environment with a temperature of about 20°C for 7 days, calculate the moisture content; after placing it for 30 days, test the moisture content again; the measured moisture content of the sand is 24% after 7 days, and the moisture content of the sand is 11% after 30 days.

[0026] It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described in this article, the patent protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present invention, changes and modifications made to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structures or equivalent process changes made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A windbreak and sand fixation agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract, characterized in that: The preparation steps are: Step 1, raw material pretreatment: take waste cotton seed material, and inoculate actinomycete agent at 0.3-0.4% of the dry weight of waste cotton seed; Step 2, bio-pyrolysis treatment: naturally heating the raw material pretreated in step 1 to 55-65°C within 24-48 hours for 12-24 hours; Step 3, solid-liquid separation: subjecting the bio-pyrolysis product of step 2 to filter press treatment to separate and obtain a liquid extract; Step 4, preparing a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent: mixing the liquid extract obtained in step 3 with mineral humic acid and alginic acid according to the ratio of 1: (4-13): (6-15), and subjecting the mixture to a constant temperature hot-dip treatment at 33-35° C. for 24-48 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent.

2. The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actinomycete agent in step 1 is selected from one of the genus Streptomyces, Nocardia or Thermoactinomyces.

3. The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actinomycete agent described in step 1 is diluted with water according to 15%-20% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds by turning the pile.

4. The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste cotton seeds in step 1 are piled into a pile with a height of 1 m and a width of 2 m.

5. The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration treatment in step 3 is carried out by a plate and frame filter press, the pressure of the filtration treatment is 0.6-1.2 MPa, and the time of the filtration treatment is 1-3 hours.

6. The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the liquid extract is mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1:(8-9):(8-9).

7. The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps are: Step 1, raw material pretreatment: waste cotton seeds are piled into a pile with a height of 1m and a width of 2m, and actinomycete agents are inoculated at 0.3-0.4% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds; the actinomycete agents are diluted with water at 15%-20% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds; Step 2, bio-pyrolysis treatment: naturally heating the raw material pretreated in step 1 to 55-65°C within 24-48 hours for 12-24 hours; Step 3, solid-liquid separation: the bio-pyrolysis product of step 2 is filtered through a plate and frame filter press to separate and obtain a liquid extract; Step 4, preparing a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent: mixing the liquid extract obtained in step 3 with mineral humic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1:(8-9):(8-9), and subjecting the mixture to a constant temperature hot-dip treatment at 33-35°C for 24-48 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent.

8. A sand fixation method, characterized in that: The windbreak and sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used for windbreak and sand-fixing treatment of mobile sand or semi-fixed sand.

9. The sand fixation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wind-proof and sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the mobile sand at 80-150 mL / m².

10. The sand fixation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The windbreak and sand-fixing agent is sprayed on semi-fixed sand at 45-75 mL / m².

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