A wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cotton seed extract and a sand-fixing method

Abstract

The application discloses a wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cotton seed extract and a sand-fixing method, and mainly applies to desertification treatment, ecological restoration, soil protection and the like fields.The technical scheme of the application makes the waste cotton seed not a pollution source, but a high-quality organic raw material for changing desert and waste land into good farmland. By using the waste cotton seed biological extract to prepare the organic matter, the waste raw material can be recycled, and the agricultural production and the environment are positively affected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cotton seed extract. BACKGROUND

[0002] Land desertification, as a global ecological crisis, has seriously threatened regional ecological balance and human sustainable development, and urgently needs to develop efficient control technology. Current sand-fixing methods mainly rely on physical sand-fixing, chemical sand-fixing and biological sand-fixing methods: (1) Physical sand-fixing technology mainly blocks the flow of wind and sand by setting up physical barriers such as sand barriers, sand piles or laying sand nets. Although this method can stabilize the sand dunes in the short term, it has problems such as high construction complexity, high cost of material transportation and labor maintenance, and is difficult to implement on a large scale in remote desert areas. In addition, physical barriers are easily damaged by strong winds and need to be repaired periodically, which is not cost-effective in the long term. (2) Chemical sand-fixing technology is based on the spraying of high molecular polymers (such as polyacrylamide, asphalt emulsion) to form a sand surface consolidation layer. Although this technology can quickly inhibit the migration of sand particles, the residues of chemical agents can cause soil compaction, microbial activity decline and vegetation growth inhibition, resulting in secondary ecological pollution. At the same time, the chemical sand-fixing agent has poor weather resistance and is easily degraded and ineffective under ultraviolet radiation and extreme temperature changes, making it difficult to meet the long-term sand-fixing needs. (3) Biological sand-fixing technology includes plant sand-fixing and microbial sand-fixing: plant sand-fixing constructs a protective system by laying grass grids or planting sand plants, but the vegetation cultivation period is long and requires continuous manual maintenance, and the survival rate is low in arid areas; microbial sand-fixing uses biological-based sand-fixing agents to promote the formation of biological crust layer, which has environmental friendly characteristics, but the existing biological-based sand-fixing agents have problems such as slow film formation speed and low crust layer compressive strength, and the stability and adaptability need to be improved.

[0003] Patent CN110330980 discloses a degradable self-repairing water-retaining sand-fixing agent, which is prepared by using acrylamide and xanthan gum as the base material to prepare a hydrogel, and using a polyurethane microcapsule modified by stearic acid for compounding. Although the polyurethane component in this scheme gives the sand-fixing agent excellent film-forming property and self-repairing ability, the polyurethane-based material has a high molecular structure stability, which significantly limits its biodegradability, and long-term application can easily cause soil microplastic accumulation, restricting its application in ecologically sensitive areas.

[0004] Xinjiang is the main cotton producing area in China, tens of thousands of tons of waste cotton seeds are produced in the process of cotton seed screening and oil pressing every year. In the humid environment, waste cotton seeds breed toxic microorganisms such as aspergillus flavus and penicillium, release strong carcinogens such as aflatoxin, and under acidic conditions, waste cotton seeds also decompose to produce volatile organic acids and sulfides, polluting the soil and water. In addition, if the waste cotton seed material is directly returned to the field, it will lead to soil microbial imbalance and inhibit the development of plant roots. However, the waste cotton seed material is rich in cellulose, lignin, crude protein and minerals, and has the potential to prepare bio-based windproof sand-fixing agent. Therefore, developing a new type of bio-based windproof sand-fixing agent has become an urgent technical demand in the field of desertification control. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a windproof sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cotton seed extract. The technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] A windproof sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cotton seed extract, the preparation steps are:

[0007] Step 1, raw material pretreatment: take waste cotton seed material, inoculate actinomycete inoculum at 0.3-0.4% of the dry weight of waste cotton seed;

[0008] Step 2, biological pyrolysis treatment: the raw material pretreated in step 1 is naturally heated to 55-65℃ within 24-48 hours, and the temperature is maintained for 12-24 hours;

[0009] Step 3, solid-liquid separation: the product of step 2 biological pyrolysis treatment is treated by pressure filtration to separate the liquid extract;

[0010] Step 4, configuration of bio-based windproof sand-fixing agent: the liquid extract obtained in step 3 is mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid according to 1:(4-13):(6-15), and is treated by constant temperature hot immersion at 33-35℃ for 24-48 hours to obtain a bio-based windproof sand-fixing agent; preferably, the actinomycete inoculum in step 1 is selected from one of Streptomyces, Nocardia or Thermus;

[0011] Preferably, the actinomycete inoculum in step 1 is diluted with water at 15%-20% of the dry weight of waste cotton seed, uniformly sprayed, and mixed with waste cotton seed by turning the pile;

[0012] Preferably, the waste cotton seed in step 1 is stacked into a pile with a height of 1m and a width of 2m;

[0013] Preferably, the pressure filtration treatment in step 3 adopts plate and frame filter press, the pressure of pressure filtration treatment is 0.6-1.2 MPa, and the time of pressure filtration treatment is 1-3 hours;

[0014] Preferably, the liquid extract in step 4 is mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid according to 1:(8-9):(8-9).

[0015] Further preferably, the preparation step is:

[0016] Step 1, raw material pretreatment: take the waste cotton seed and stack it into a pile with a height of 1 m and a width of 2 m, inoculate the waste cotton seed with actinomycete inoculum at 0.3-0.4% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seed; the actinomycete inoculum is diluted with water at 15-20% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seed, uniformly sprayed, and mixed with the waste cotton seed by turning the pile;

[0017] Step 2, biological pyrolysis treatment: the pretreated raw material in step 1 is naturally heated to 55-65℃ within 24-48 hours, and the temperature is maintained for 12-24 hours;

[0018] Step 3, solid-liquid separation: the product of the biological pyrolysis treatment in step 2 is treated by plate and frame filter press to separate and obtain a liquid extract;

[0019] Step 4, preparation of a biological windbreak and sand fixation agent: the liquid extract obtained in step 3 is mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid at a ratio of 1: (8-9): (8-9), and is treated by constant temperature hot immersion at 33-35℃ for 24-48 hours to obtain a biological windbreak and sand fixation agent.

[0020] The application also provides a sand fixation method, which uses the windbreak and sand fixation agent prepared based on the waste cotton seed extract as described above for windbreak and sand fixation treatment of flowing sand or semi-fixed sand;

[0021] Preferably, the windbreak and sand fixation agent is sprayed on the flowing sand at 80-150 mL / m²;

[0022] Preferably, the windbreak and sand fixation agent is sprayed on the semi-fixed sand at 45-75 mL / m².

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the use of waste cotton seed material to prepare a biological windbreak and sand fixation agent has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) Reducing pollution and alleviating the toxicity to cattle and sheep: the organic material prepared from the waste cotton seed biological extract can not only turn desert into oasis, but also reduce pollution sources and protect the environment; the waste cotton seed is subjected to high-temperature curing by beneficial microorganisms, which can effectively reduce and transform the harmful gossypol substances to cattle and sheep, and improve the farrowing rate and survival rate of cattle and sheep.

[0025] (2) Reducing cost: the organic material prepared from the waste cotton seed biological extract can reduce energy consumption and product cost, increase land area and crop yield, and contribute to China's food security.

[0026] (3) Quickly govern the desert and improve soil organic matter: the organic material made of waste cottonseed biological extract is neutral in acid-base, contains organic matter 503-526 g / L (dry basis) and is rich in glycerolipid substances and biological enzyme active nutrients, can quickly form a large colloidal soil aggregate structure by spraying the surface of the desert, quickly agglomerating into a large colloidal soil aggregate structure, and forming a surface whole; in a dry state, it can achieve sand fixation and dust suppression while inhibiting the evaporation of water in the sand; when it is wet, it can form a film with soil permeability, accelerate plant root growth, and improve crop quality and yield. The condensation point of the windproof sand-fixing agent is about-15 DEG C, and the desert governance project can be implemented throughout the year. The technical scheme of the present application makes waste cottonseed no longer a source of pollution, but a high-quality organic raw material for turning deserts and abandoned land into fertile land. By using waste cottonseed biological extract to make organic material, not only can waste raw materials be recycled, but also the environment and agricultural production will be positively affected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a windproof sand-fixing agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract provided by the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 A composition detection result diagram of the windproof sand-fixing agent obtained in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 3 A heavy metal detection result diagram of the windproof sand-fixing agent obtained in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, purposes and effects of the technical scheme in detail, the following will be described in detail in combination with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Step 1, raw material pretreatment: 100 kg of waste cottonseed is stacked into a pile with a height of 1 m and a width of 2 m, and is inoculated with actinomycete inoculum at 0.3% of the dry weight of the waste cottonseed; the actinomycete inoculum is selected from the genus Streptomyces, is diluted with water at 20% of the dry weight of the waste cottonseed, is uniformly sprayed, and is mixed with the waste cottonseed by turning the pile;

[0033] Step 2, biological pyrolysis treatment: the pretreated raw material in step 1 is naturally heated to 60 DEG C within 24 hours, and is maintained for 12 hours;

[0034] Step 3, solid-liquid separation: the biological pyrolysis treatment product in step 2 is treated by plate and frame filter press to separate and obtain a liquid extract;

[0035] Step 4, configuration of biological-based windproof sand-fixing agent: the liquid extract obtained in step 3 is mixed with mineral source fulvic acid and alginic acid at a ratio of 1:8:9, and is treated by hot immersion at 35 DEG C for 48 hours to obtain a biological-based windproof sand-fixing agent.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] The same preparation method as Example 1 was taken, the difference was that the actinomycete inoculum was selected from the genus Nocardia. The actinomycete inoculum was inoculated with actinomycete inoculum at 0.35% of the dry weight of waste cottonseed; the actinomycete inoculum was selected from the genus Streptomyces, diluted with water at 17% of the dry weight of waste cottonseed, uniformly sprayed, and mixed with the waste cottonseed.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] The same preparation method as Example 1 was taken, the difference was that the actinomycete inoculum was selected from the genus Nocardia. The actinomycete inoculum was inoculated with actinomycete inoculum at 0.35% of the dry weight of waste cottonseed; the actinomycete inoculum was selected from the genus Streptomyces, diluted with water at 17% of the dry weight of waste cottonseed, uniformly sprayed, and mixed with the waste cottonseed.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] The same preparation method as Example 1 was taken, the difference was that the raw material after step 1 pretreatment was naturally heated to 65℃ within 12 hours, and lasted for 24 hours.

[0042] Example 5

[0043] Step 2, biological pyrolysis treatment: the raw material after step 1 pretreatment was naturally heated to 55℃ within 36 hours, and lasted for 18 hours.

[0044] Example 6

[0045] The same preparation method as Example 1 was taken, the difference was that the liquid extract obtained in step 3 was mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid at a ratio of 1:4:15, and was treated by constant temperature hot soaking at 33℃ for 24 hours to obtain a bio-based windproof sand fixation agent.

[0046] Example 7

[0047] The same preparation method as Example 1 was taken, the difference was that the liquid extract obtained in step 3 was mixed with mineral fulvic acid and alginic acid at a ratio of 1:13:6, and was treated by constant temperature hot soaking at 34℃ for 36 hours to obtain a bio-based windproof sand fixation agent.

[0048] Test Example

[0049] The windproof sand fixation agent prepared in Example 1 was selected for testing:

[0050] (1) The composition of the liquid extract obtained in step 3 was detected, and the results showed that the waste cottonseed biological extract was composed of oleic acid, linoleic acid 63.1-64.4%; palmitic acid 16.5-17.1%; biological enzyme protein complex 5.9-6.6%; fat-soluble solids 3.9-4.2%; water 4.1-4.5%; stearic acid 1.62-1.7%; peanut acid 0.31-0.4%; myristic acid 0.18-0.2%.

[0051] (2) The composition of the wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent obtained in step 4 was detected, and the results showed that the organic matter was 50.7-52.1%; the total content of N, P and K elements was 5.67-6.04%; the total content of Ca, Mg and S elements was 4.65-5.02%; and the detailed component content was as shown in Table 1. Figure 2

[0052] (3) The heavy metal test analysis of the wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent obtained in step 4 was performed, and the test results were as shown in Table 2. Figure 3

[0053] Application Example

[0054] The wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent prepared in Example 1 was selected for application experiment.

[0055] The wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent prepared in Example 1 was sprayed at a dosage of 40-150 mL / m² by using an unmanned aerial vehicle or an agricultural machinery vehicle-mounted spraying system.

[0056] The dosage was adjusted according to different application scenarios.

[0057] (1) The wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent was sprayed on flowing sand at a dosage of 80-150 mL / m².

[0058] (2) The wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent was sprayed on semi-fixed sand at a dosage of 45-75 mL / m².

[0059] The semi-fixed sand was taken as the experimental object, and the laboratory wind erosion test showed that the loss of sand particles of the wind-preventing and sand-fixing agent prepared in Example 1 was less than 50 g / m²·h under a wind speed of 10 m / s, which was significantly better than that of the traditional chemical sand-fixing agent (120-150 g / m²·h).

[0060] According to the field test, the thickness of the crust in the treated area reached 2-3 mm within 3 months, and the natural recovery rate of vegetation was more than 2 times (0.7-1 mm) higher than that of the prior art.

[0061] ​​Water retention test: take sand sample in 1 m2, evenly spray windproof sand stabilizer, then evenly spray equal amount of water, so that the initial moisture content of the sand is 30%, place in an environment with a temperature of about 20℃ for 7 days, then calculate the moisture content; detect the moisture content again after 30 days; the moisture content of the sand is 24% after 7 days, and the moisture content of the sand is 11% after 30 days.

[0062] It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described in the present text, the patent protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative idea of the present application, the changes and modifications of the embodiments described in the present text, or the equivalent structures or equivalent process transformations made by using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, directly or indirectly apply the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A windbreak and sand fixation agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract, characterized in that: The preparation steps are: Step 1, raw material pretreatment: taking waste cotton seed material, inoculating 0.3-0.4% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seed with an actinomycete agent; the actinomycete agent is selected from one of the genus Streptomyces, Nocardia or Thermoactinomyces; Step 2, bio-pyrolysis treatment: the raw material pretreated in step 1 is naturally heated to 55-65°C within 24-48 hours and continued for 12-24 hours; Step 3, solid-liquid separation: subjecting the bio-pyrolysis product of step 2 to filter press treatment to separate and obtain a liquid extract; Step 4, preparing a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent: mixing the liquid extract obtained in step 3 with mineral-source fulvic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1: (4-13): (6-15), and subjecting the mixture to a constant temperature hot soaking treatment at 33-35° C. for 24-48 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent.

2. The windbreak and sand fixation agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actinomycete agent described in step 1 is diluted with water according to 15%-20% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds by turning over.

3. The windbreak and sand fixation agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste cotton seeds in step 1 are piled into a pile 1 m high and 2 m wide.

4. The windbreak and sand fixation agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration treatment in step 3 is carried out by using a plate and frame filter press, the pressure of the filtration treatment is 0.6-1.2 MPa, and the time of the filtration treatment is 1-3 hours.

5. The windbreak and sand fixation agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid extract in step 4 is mixed with mineral-derived fulvic acid and alginic acid in a ratio of 1:(8-9):(8-9).

6. The windbreak and sand fixation agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps are: Step 1, raw material pretreatment: waste cotton seeds are piled into a pile 1m high and 2m wide, and an actinomycete agent is inoculated at 0.3-0.4% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds; the actinomycete agent is diluted with water at 15%-20% of the dry weight of the waste cotton seeds, sprayed evenly, and mixed with the waste cotton seeds by turning the pile; Step 2, bio-pyrolysis treatment: the raw material pretreated in step 1 is naturally heated to 55-65°C within 24-48 hours and continued for 12-24 hours; Step 3, solid-liquid separation: the bio-pyrolysis product of step 2 is filtered through a plate and frame filter press to separate and obtain a liquid extract; Step 4, preparing a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent: mixing the liquid extract obtained in step 3 with mineral-source fulvic acid and alginic acid at a ratio of 1: (8-9): (8-9), and subjecting the mixture to a constant temperature hot soak treatment at 33-35° C. for 24-48 hours to obtain a bio-based windbreak and sand-fixing agent.

7. A sand fixation method, characterized in that: The windbreak and sand fixation agent prepared based on waste cottonseed extract according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for windbreak and sand fixation treatment of mobile sand or semi-fixed sand.

8. The sand fixation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The windbreak and sand fixation agent is sprayed on the mobile sand at a rate of 80-150 mL / m².

9. The sand fixation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The windbreak and sand fixation agent is sprayed on semi-fixed sand land at a rate of 45-75 mL / m².

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