Device for eliminating short circuit of multi-pole slot and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of metallurgical engineering, and provides a device for eliminating short circuit of a multi-pole tank and a using method, the device comprises a tank body, a main cathode, a multi-pole plate, a main anode, an external insertion cathode and an insulating protective sleeve; the main cathode, the multi-pole plate and the main anode are all arranged in the tank body and are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction from bottom to top; and the insulating protective sleeve is sleeved on the external insertion cathode, and the unprotected part is inserted into the fused salt in the tank body. The method comprises the steps that the main anode is connected with a direct-current power supply anode, and the externally-inserted cathode is connected with a direct-current power supply cathode; and introducing cell voltage into the power supply for electrolysis, adjusting the cell voltage after electrolysis for a preset time, and removing the external insertion cathode. According to the invention, the influence of short circuit of the multi-pole slot can be effectively eliminated under the condition that the electrode is not damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of metallurgical engineering, and more particularly to a device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Magnesium electrolysis is the key process for the full-process titanium sponge production to achieve the "Mg-Cl" large cycle and reduce costs and improve quality. Therefore, most of the titanium sponge manufacturers at home and abroad are equipped with magnesium electrolysis. The multipolar cell has made great progress due to its advantages of low power consumption per ton of magnesium, high magnesium output per cell, and high chlorine concentration. It has been more than 60 years since the successful application of Japan's Sumitomo (SUMITOMO) Titanium Company in 1960. my country first introduced this technology in 2006. At present, except for Panzhihua Iron and Steel, domestic magnesium-titanium joint enterprises are equipped with multipolar cell magnesium electrolysis technology. For example, Shuangrui Wanji, Yunnan Xinli, Chaoyang Jinda, Baoti Huashen, Xinjiang Xiangrui and other titanium sponges all use multipolar cell technology. It can be said that the multipolar cell has become the optimal technology for the full-process titanium sponge enterprises, and has achieved good technical and economic indicators. The multipolar cell is to insert multiple multipolar plates between the main anode and the cathode, and use the induction of the main electrode to form the negative and positive sides on both sides of the multipolar plate, and MgCl also occurs on the multipolar plate. 2 electrolytic reaction, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0003] Due to the small inter-electrode spacing of the multi-electrode tank, magnesium, Fe, etc. are easy to grow on the cathode during the electrolysis process and contact with the anode to form a short circuit. At this time, the current will flow directly from the anode to the cathode, which will not only cause a significant reduction in the output of liquid magnesium, but also cause the electrolytic cell to have a rapid drop in the cell temperature due to insufficient resistance heat. If it cannot be eliminated in time, it will easily cause the electrolytic cell to stop production. At present, the main methods for eliminating the short circuit of the electrolytic cell are argon blowing and slag removal, external high-temperature heating, etc. For example, the prior art discloses that a long strip of wood that has been fully soaked in water is inserted into the bottom of the electrolytic chamber of the magnesium electrolytic cell, and it needs to be inserted between the anode and cathode where the solidified magnesium causes a short circuit, so as to solve the problem of short circuit caused by the solidification of magnesium produced by electrolysis between the anode and cathode electrodes due to low cell temperature during the magnesium electrolysis production process. The prior art has invented a method of blowing an inert gas into the gap between the electrodes in the magnesium electrolytic cell to eliminate the short circuit liquid magnesium between the electrodes. The above method has a certain effect on the electrolytic cell with a large inter-electrode spacing and the liquid magnesium short circuit electrolytic cell, but it is less effective for short circuits such as metal Fe and multi-electrode tanks. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above purpose, on the one hand, the present invention provides a device for eliminating short circuit of a multi-electrode tank, comprising a tank body, a main cathode, a multi-electrode plate, a main anode, an external cathode and an insulating protective sleeve; The main cathode, multi-electrode plate and main anode are all arranged inside the tank body, and the main cathode, multi-electrode plate and main anode are arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the vertical direction; The insulating protective sleeve is sleeved on the externally inserted cathode, and the unprotected portion is inserted into the molten salt inside the cell body.

[0005] In some embodiments, the external cathode is in an inverted L-shape, the vertical portion is sleeved on the insulating protective sleeve, and the horizontal portion is arranged in the molten salt.

[0006] In some embodiments, multiple groups of main cathodes, multi-electrode plates and main anodes are arranged inside the tank body; each group is correspondingly provided with one external cathode.

[0007] In some embodiments, the tank body is composed of silicate refractory materials, including one or more of clay bricks, mullite, semi-silica bricks, corundum, etc.

[0008] In some embodiments, the main cathode material includes carbon steel, stainless steel or graphite; The multi-electrode plate material includes graphite and graphite carbon steel composite material; The main anode material includes inert graphite.

[0009] In some embodiments, the external cathode material includes carbon steel, stainless steel, molybdenum and graphite.

[0010] In some embodiments, the insulating protective cover is made of quartz, corundum and silicate.

[0011] The present invention proposes a method for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuits, which is applied to a device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuits, and comprises the following steps: S1, the main anode is connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply, and the external cathode is connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply; S2, power supply is applied to the cell voltage for electrolysis, after the preset electrolysis time, the cell voltage is adjusted and the external cathode is removed.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cell voltage ranges from 3V to 12V. In some embodiments, when the short-circuit electrode is eliminated, the following electrochemical reactions occur preferentially inside the electrode: Anode: Fe / Mg→Fe 2+ / Mg 2+ +2e; Anode: Fe 2+ / Mg 2+ +2e→Fe / Mg.

[0013] The present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention proposes a device for eliminating short circuit of a multi-electrode cell, the device comprising: a cell body, a main cathode, a multi-electrode plate, a main anode, an external cathode and an insulating protective sleeve; the main cathode, the multi-electrode plate and the main anode are all arranged inside the cell body, and the main cathode, the multi-electrode plate and the main anode are arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the vertical direction; the insulating protective sleeve is sleeved on the external cathode, and the unprotected part is inserted into the molten salt inside the cell body.

[0014] The method comprises: the main anode is connected to the positive pole of a DC power supply, and the external cathode is connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply; a cell voltage is supplied to the power supply for electrolysis, and after a preset electrolysis time, the cell voltage is adjusted and the external cathode is removed.

[0015] During the main operation of the present invention, the external cathode protection sleeve is first sleeved on the wiring terminal of the external cathode, and then placed in the molten salt area at the lower part of the electrolysis chamber, the cathode wiring terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the DC power supply, the short-circuited graphite anode of the multipolar slot is connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply, and current is passed to implement electrolysis. The magnesium, iron, etc. short-circuited inside the multipolar slot electrode are dissolved into the molten salt system under the electrochemical action and precipitated on the external cathode, thereby eliminating the short-circuited electrode of the multipolar slot and realizing the normal operation of electrolysis. The present invention can effectively eliminate the influence of the short-circuit of the multipolar slot without damaging the electrode, and has a good prospect for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A front view of a device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A side view of a device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A top view of a device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A flow chart of a method for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to the present invention is shown.

[0017] Among them, 1. tank body; 2. main cathode; 3. multi-electrode plate; 4. main anode; 5. external cathode; 6. insulating protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The specific implementation of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0019] In addition, reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as the general understanding of those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with an idealized or overly formal meaning unless specifically defined as in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] The present invention proposes a device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , including a tank body 1, a main cathode 2, a multi-electrode plate 3, a main anode 4, an external cathode 5 and an insulating protective cover 6; The main cathode 2, the multipolar plate 3, and the main anode 4 are all arranged inside the tank body 1, and the main cathode 2, the multipolar plate 3, and the main anode 4 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the vertical direction; The insulating protective sleeve 6 is sleeved on the external cathode 5 , and the unprotected portion is inserted into the molten salt inside the cell body 1 .

[0022] When in use, first put the insulating protective cover 6 on the connection terminal of the external cathode 5, then put it into the molten salt area below the short-circuit electrode, connect the connection terminal of the external cathode 5 to the negative pole of the DC power supply, connect the main anode 4 of the multi-electrode tank short circuit to the positive pole of the DC power supply, pass current to carry out electrolysis, and lift the external cathode out of the molten salt after the short-circuit electrode is eliminated.

[0023] The present invention eliminates the short-circuit phenomenon of multipolar cell electrodes by externally inserting cathodes and electrochemical means, and eliminates magnesium, iron and other substances that short-circuit between multipolar cell electrodes without damaging the electrolytic cell and the electrodes, thereby restoring the stable operation of the electrolytic cell, increasing the service life of the electrolytic cell and reducing the manufacturing cost of liquid magnesium. The present invention can be applied in Pangang Sponge Titanium Plant, has potential economic benefits, and can also be promoted to other multipolar cell magnesium electrolysis enterprises.

[0024] The device of the present invention can effectively prevent short circuits between multi-pole slots through its unique design, thereby avoiding safety accidents such as fire and electric shock caused by short circuits. Short circuits can cause serious damage to electrical equipment, and the use of the device can significantly reduce such damage and extend the service life of the equipment. Once a short circuit occurs, it is often necessary to shut down for maintenance, and the device can reduce the occurrence of short circuits, thereby reducing the downtime due to faults and improving production efficiency. For enterprises that require continuous production, the use of the device can ensure the continuity and stability of production and avoid production interruptions caused by short circuits.

[0025] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The external cathode 5 is in an inverted L-shape, the vertical part is sleeved with the insulating protective sleeve 6, and the horizontal part is arranged in the molten salt.

[0026] The external cathode 5 can significantly reduce the corrosion rate of the protected metal structure in the environment by providing cathodic protection current to the protected metal structure. This is particularly important for eliminating metal components in multi-pole slot short-circuit devices, because corrosion often leads to degradation of component performance and even short circuits. By reducing corrosion, the external cathode 5 can extend the service life of metal components in the device, thereby reducing replacement and maintenance costs. The external cathode 5 can be applied to various environmental media, including successful applications in high-resistivity environmental media (such as fresh water and concrete environments), making it an ideal choice for coping with different environmental conditions in multi-pole slot short-circuit elimination devices.

[0027] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A plurality of groups of main cathodes 2, multi-electrode plates 3 and main anodes 4 are arranged inside the tank body 1; each group is correspondingly provided with one external cathode 5.

[0028] The electrode short circuit elimination judgment point is the sudden increase in voltage during the electrolysis process, because the anode area will be greatly reduced when the short circuit is eliminated, resulting in an increase in system resistance and a sudden change in the cell voltage.

[0029] The external cathode 5 can apply a large cell voltage (large output power), thereby enabling long-distance anode configuration and significantly increasing the protection range. For large multi-pole cell short-circuit elimination devices, this means that the entire system can be more effectively protected from the threat of corrosion and short circuit.

[0030] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The tank body 1 is made of silicate refractory materials, including one or more of clay bricks, mullite, semi-silica bricks, corundum, etc. It mainly plays the role of heat preservation and insulation of the electrolytic cell.

[0031] Silicate refractory materials have excellent thermal insulation properties and can effectively reduce heat loss inside the electrolytic cell, thereby reducing energy loss, reducing production costs, and improving the operating efficiency of the electrolytic cell. The thermal insulation effect keeps the temperature inside the electrolytic cell stable, which is conducive to the continuous electrolytic reaction. A stable temperature environment can increase the electrolysis rate and thus improve production efficiency.

[0032] By reducing heat loss, silicate refractory materials help reduce thermal stress in the electrolytic cell shell, reduce material fatigue and damage caused by temperature changes, extend the service life of the electrolytic cell, and reduce the frequency of equipment replacement and maintenance.

[0033] Silicate refractory materials have good insulation properties, which can effectively prevent electrical short circuits between different electrodes inside the electrolytic cell, maintain the normal operation of the electrolytic cell, and avoid failures and shutdowns caused by short circuits. The insulation effect allows operators to approach the electrolytic cell more safely for operation and maintenance. The insulation properties of silicate refractory materials can also prevent the corrosion and damage of the electrolytic cell structure by electric current. Maintaining the structural integrity and stability of the electrolytic cell ensures its long-term stable operation.

[0034] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the main cathode 2 is made of carbon steel, stainless steel or graphite; The material of the multipolar plate 3 includes graphite and graphite carbon steel composite material; The main anode 4 is made of inert graphite.

[0035] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The material of the external cathode 5 includes carbon steel, stainless steel, molybdenum and graphite.

[0036] Carbon steel has good mechanical properties and processing properties, and can withstand certain mechanical stress. Carbon steel has a certain electrical conductivity, which can meet the current transmission requirements of the external plug-in cathode 6 during the electrolysis process. Compared with other materials, the price of carbon steel is lower, which helps to reduce the overall cost. Carbon steel has good mechanical properties and processing properties, and can withstand certain mechanical stress. Carbon steel has a certain electrical conductivity, which can meet the current transmission requirements of the external plug-in cathode during the electrolysis process.

[0037] Compared with other materials, carbon steel is cheaper, which helps to reduce overall costs. Stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance and can resist the erosion of various chemicals, extending the service life. During the electrolysis process, stainless steel can maintain stable electrochemical properties and is not prone to passivation or corrosion. The high strength and toughness of stainless steel enable the external cathode to withstand large workloads.

[0038] Molybdenum has excellent chemical stability and will not fail under harsh conditions such as high temperature and high humidity, ensuring the long service life of the battery. Molybdenum has high electrical conductivity, which can ensure the rapid transmission of current in the electrolytic cell and improve the electrolysis efficiency. As an additive or cathode material under specific conditions, molybdenum can significantly improve the deep charge and discharge performance of the electrolytic cell.

[0039] Graphite has good electrical and thermal conductivity, which is conducive to current transfer and heat dissipation during electrolysis. Graphite can withstand corrosion from chemicals such as acids, alkalis, and salts, and is suitable for a variety of electrolysis environments. Graphite is relatively low in cost and easy to process and mass produce.

[0040] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The insulating protective cover is made of materials including quartz, corundum and silicate.

[0041] The present invention proposes a method for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuits, which is applied to a device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuits, see Figure 4 , including the following steps: The main anode 4 is connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply, and the external cathode 5 is connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply; The cell voltage is supplied by the power supply to perform electrolysis. After a preset electrolysis time, the cell voltage is adjusted and the external cathode 5 is removed.

[0042] Since the present invention adopts the electrochemical method of the original anode + external cathode of the multi-electrode cell to eliminate the abnormal short-circuited electrode, it has the advantages of simple operation, strong pertinence, good elimination effect, etc., and only needs to put the external cathode in the melt area below the abnormal short-circuited electrode, and the abnormal electrode can be eliminated by electrolysis in the channel, which is beneficial to improving the technical and economic indicators such as the efficiency and service life of the electrolytic cell. At the same time, the present invention also has a good preliminary stage for promotion and application.

[0043] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 , the range of the slot voltage is 3~12V. In some embodiments, see Figure 4 When the short-circuit electrode is eliminated, the following electrochemical reactions occur first inside: Anode: Fe / Mg→Fe 2+ / Mg 2++2e; Anode: Fe 2+ / Mg 2+ +2e→Fe / Mg.

[0044] When the short-circuited electrode is eliminated, an electrochemical reaction occurs first inside the electrode, and impurities such as Mg and Fe between the short-circuited electrodes are dissolved into the molten salt through the electrochemical reaction, diffused to the external cathode under the action of the electric field force, and deposited on the cathode. As the electrolysis proceeds, the short-circuited Mg, Fe and other impurities gradually dissolve until they disappear, so that the electrode returns to its original state, thereby achieving the purpose of continuing the electrolysis.

[0045] In some embodiments, a multipolar cell has an abnormal short circuit of electrodes due to magnesium and iron impurities. The temperature of the electrolytic cell is 660°C during the short circuit. First, an insulating protective sleeve made of quartz material with a diameter of 150 mm is put on the terminal of the carbon steel external cathode (diameter 130 mm), and then placed in the lower molten salt area of ​​the short-circuited electrode. The terminal of the external cathode is connected to the negative pole of a 10kA DC power supply, and the main anode of the short-circuited multipolar cell is connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply. A 5V cell voltage is applied for real-time electrolysis. After 6 hours of electrolysis, the cell voltage suddenly rises to 6.6V. At this time, the external cathode is lifted out of the molten salt, and the short-circuited abnormal electrode of the multipolar cell returns to normal.

[0046] In some embodiments, a multipolar cell has an abnormal short circuit of electrodes due to metal. The temperature of the electrolytic cell is 630°C during the short circuit. First, an insulating protective sleeve made of quartz with a diameter of 200 mm is put on the terminal of the carbon steel external cathode (with a diameter of 180 mm), and then placed in the molten salt area below the short-circuited electrode. The terminal of the external cathode is connected to the negative electrode of a 20kA DC power supply, and the main anode of the short-circuited multipolar cell is connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply. A 3V cell voltage is applied for real-time electrolysis. After 8 hours of electrolysis, the cell voltage suddenly rises to 4.4V. At this time, the external cathode is lifted out of the molten salt, and the short-circuited abnormal electrode of the multipolar cell returns to normal.

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0049] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit, characterized in that: It comprises a tank body (1), a main cathode (2), a multi-electrode plate (3), a main anode (4), an external cathode (5) and an insulating protective sleeve (6); The main cathode (2), the multipolar plate (3), and the main anode (4) are all arranged inside the tank body (1), and the main cathode (2), the multipolar plate (3), and the main anode (4) are arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the vertical direction; The insulating protective sleeve (6) is sleeved on the externally inserted cathode (5), and the unprotected portion is inserted into the molten salt inside the cell body (1).

2. A device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external cathode (5) is in an inverted L-shape, the vertical portion is sleeved on the insulating protective sleeve (6), and the horizontal portion is arranged in the molten salt.

3. The device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of main cathodes (2), multipolar plates (3) and main anodes (4) are arranged inside the tank body (1); one external cathode (5) is correspondingly arranged in each group.

4. The device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tank body (1) is made of silicate refractory materials, including one or more of clay bricks, mullite, semi-silica bricks, corundum, etc.

5. The device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main cathode (2) is made of carbon steel, stainless steel or graphite; The multipolar plate (3) is made of graphite and a graphite-carbon steel composite material; The main anode (4) is made of inert graphite.

6. The device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the external cathode (5) includes carbon steel, stainless steel, molybdenum and graphite.

7. The device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating protective cover is made of quartz, corundum and silicate.

8. A method for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuits, applied to a device for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuits as claimed in claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The main anode (4) is connected to the positive electrode of a DC power supply, and the external cathode (5) is connected to the negative electrode of the DC power supply; A power source is used to supply a cell voltage for electrolysis. After a preset electrolysis time, the cell voltage is adjusted and the external cathode (5) is removed.

9. A method for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The range of the slot voltage is 3~12V.

10. A method for eliminating multi-electrode slot short circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the short-circuit electrode is eliminated, the following electrochemical reactions occur preferentially inside it: Anode: Fe / Mg→Fe 2+ / Mg 2+ +2e; Anode: Fe 2+ / Mg 2+ +2e→Fe / Mg.

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