Hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method and device, and the method comprises the steps: determining a to-be-analyzed riverway corresponding to a target hydropower station, and determining the riverway elevation and target riverway creatures corresponding to the to-be-analyzed riverway; a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the to-be-analyzed river channel is established according to the river channel elevation, biological environment elements corresponding to the target river channel organisms are obtained, and the biological environment elements comprise the flow velocity, the water depth, the water temperature and dissolved oxygen; according to the hydrodynamic model, the at least one reference discharge control parameter and the biological environment elements, calculating a biological inhabitation river area value corresponding to each reference discharge control parameter; and determining a target discharge control parameter according to the biological inhabitation river area value corresponding to each reference discharge control parameter, and controlling the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station based on the target discharge control parameter. By means of the method, water resources can be fully utilized, the ecological environment in the riverway can be protected, and aquatic organisms in the riverway can be effectively protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological hydraulics, and in particular to a method and device for controlling ecological flow discharge in a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] In the operation of small hydropower stations, the ecological flow discharge of hydropower stations is an important component. The ecological flow discharge of hydropower stations refers to maintaining a certain amount of water flow to ensure the health of the downstream river ecosystem. This measure can reduce the negative impact of hydropower stations on the downstream ecological environment.

[0003] Technicians use methods such as multi-year average flow method, driest month average flow method and flow history curve method to evaluate the ecological flow of hydropower stations. Such a processing method requires hydrological data of the river where it is located. There are many small hydropower stations located in mountain streams, and the corresponding data of these rivers are lacking. At this time, data of other rivers similar to the river will be selected for reference. However, referring to other hydropower stations will lead to large errors in the data, which cannot actually reflect the specific hydrological characteristics of the river, resulting in errors in the ecological flow assessment of small hydropower stations, and cannot effectively protect downstream aquatic organisms, which is not conducive to the effective protection of aquatic biodiversity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling the release of ecological flow in a hydropower station. The present application also relates to a device for controlling the release of ecological flow in a hydropower station, a computing device, a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for controlling ecological flow discharge of a hydropower station is provided, comprising: Determine the river channel to be analyzed corresponding to the target hydropower station, and determine the river channel elevation and target river channel organisms corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed; Creating a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the river to be analyzed according to the river elevation, and obtaining biological environmental factors corresponding to the target river organisms, wherein the biological environmental factors include flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen; Calculate the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environment factor; The target release control parameter is determined according to the biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter, and the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station is controlled based on the target release control parameter.

[0006] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a hydropower station ecological flow discharge control device is provided, comprising: A determination module is configured to determine a river channel to be analyzed corresponding to a target hydropower station, and determine a river channel elevation and target river channel organisms corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed; an acquisition module, configured to create a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the river to be analyzed according to the river elevation, and acquire biological environmental factors corresponding to the target river organisms, wherein the biological environmental factors include flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen; A calculation module is configured to calculate the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environment factor; The control module is configured to determine a target release control parameter according to a biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter, and control the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station based on the target release control parameter.

[0007] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computing device is provided, including: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer programs / instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer programs / instructions. When the computer programs / instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method are implemented.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program / instruction, and when the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method are implemented.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for controlling ecological flow discharge of a hydropower station.

[0010] The present application provides a method for controlling the ecological flow release of a hydropower station, comprising determining a river channel to be analyzed corresponding to a target hydropower station, and determining a river channel elevation and target river channel organisms corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed; creating a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed according to the river channel elevation, and obtaining biological environmental factors corresponding to the target river channel organisms, wherein the biological environmental factors include flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen; calculating biological habitat river channel area values ​​corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environmental factors; determining a target release control parameter according to the biological habitat river channel area values ​​corresponding to each reference release control parameter, and controlling the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station based on the target release control parameter.

[0011] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, after determining the river channel to be analyzed, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is created according to the river channel elevation, and the biological environment elements (including flow rate, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen) adapted to the survival of the river channel organisms in the river channel are obtained, and then the suitable biological habitat river channel area values ​​of the river channel organisms corresponding to different reference release control parameters are simulated in the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and the target release control parameters are determined according to the biological habitat river channel area values, and the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station is controlled based on the target release control parameters. It is ensured that each hydropower station has suitable release control parameters, which can fully utilize water resources and protect the ecological environment in the river channel to be analyzed, and can effectively protect the aquatic organisms in the river channel to be analyzed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for controlling ecological flow discharge of a hydropower station provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a processing flow chart of a method for controlling the ecological flow discharge of a hydropower station applied to a hydropower station in a mountain stream, provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ecological flow discharge control device of a hydropower station provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a structural block diagram of a computing device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Many specific details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0014] The terms used in one or more embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of the present application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of the present application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0015] It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of the present application, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present application, the first may also be referred to as the second, and similarly, the second may also be referred to as the first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0016] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards in the relevant regions, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0017] First, the terms involved in one or more embodiments of the present application are explained.

[0018] Wetted perimeter method: The wetted perimeter is used as an indicator of habitat quality to estimate the minimum flow in the river. By establishing a relationship curve between the wetted perimeter and flow of the river section, the location of the change point is determined based on the curve, and the recommended value of the minimum water requirement is estimated. According to the research and application of the wetted perimeter method, the logarithmic function and power function relationship are used to fit the wetted perimeter-flow relationship. The difference between the wetted perimeter method using the slope 1 method and the maximum curvature method to determine the change point is theoretically analyzed, and it is found that no matter whether the logarithmic function or the power function relationship is used to fit the flow-wetted perimeter relationship, the estimation result of the slope 1 method is greater than the estimation result of the maximum curvature method.

[0019] Habitat simulation method: It mainly includes three parts: first, conduct fish surveys, select target fish species and draw habitat suitability curves; second, use physical habitat model simulation software to perform hydraulic simulation to simulate the distribution of factors such as water depth, flow rate, and bottom quality in different areas of the river under different flow conditions. The hydraulic model requires the input of river data corresponding to the site map (elevation and attributes of different points) and then input and calibrate the hydraulic data (flow rate and water depth) collected under known flow rates to ensure that the hydraulic model reasonably simulates the hydraulic conditions of water flow within the flow range; finally, the distribution of each factor obtained from the hydraulic simulation is combined with the fish habitat suitability evaluation criteria and applied to the habitat model. The model can evaluate the habitat quality of different areas of the river, calculate the number of habitats corresponding to different water flow depth and flow rate distributions, use the formula to calculate the weighted available area (WUA) under different flow simulation conditions, and determine the ecological flow based on the WUA-flow relationship curve.

[0020] Ecological flow: refers to the minimum flow required to maintain the basic functions of an ecosystem such as a river, lake or ocean under certain conditions. It generally refers to the minimum flow that can maintain a river ecosystem and ensure the health and stability of the ecosystem.

[0021] In the ecological flow assessment of small hydropower stations, the multi-year average flow method (i.e., Tennant method), the driest month average flow method, and the flow duration curve method are used. However, in the actual verification process, some small hydropower stations are located in mountain streams, and the hydrological data of the rivers where they are located are lacking. In this case, hydropower stations in the same basin, similar basins, or with similar natural geographical characteristics as the river where the verified section is located are usually selected as references. The ecological flow of the reference hydropower station is calculated by the hydrological analogy method to obtain the ecological flow of the current hydropower station. However, the ecological flow obtained by this method has the problem of inaccuracy and cannot effectively protect aquatic biodiversity.

[0022] Based on this, in the present application, a method for controlling the ecological flow release of a hydropower station is provided. The present application also involves an ecological flow release control device for a hydropower station, a computing device, a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product, which are described in detail one by one in the following embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for controlling the ecological flow discharge of a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S101: determine the river channel to be analyzed corresponding to the target hydropower station, and determine the river channel elevation and target river channel organisms corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed.

[0024] Among them, the target hydropower station can be understood as a hydropower station that needs to conduct ecological flow assessment and discharge control. The river channel to be analyzed corresponding to the target hydropower station can be understood as the river channel downstream of the target hydropower station. Furthermore, the river channel to be analyzed can be the river channel between the target hydropower station and the downstream hydropower station. Ecological flow discharge refers to ensuring sufficient downstream flow during the operation of the hydropower station to avoid adverse effects on the downstream ecological environment, especially on aquatic organisms. Through the ecological flow discharge work, there will be enough flowing water in the rivers and lakes to maintain the health of the ecosystem.

[0025] River elevation refers to the vertical height of a river (including riverbed, water surface, etc.) relative to a certain reference plane, usually expressed as altitude. It is an important parameter for describing river topography, water level changes and water conservancy project planning.

[0026] Target river organisms refer to organisms that live in the river to be analyzed and need to be protected, such as protected fish in the river to be analyzed.

[0027] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, it is necessary to control the release of the ecological flow of the target hydropower station to ensure that the ecological environment of the organisms in the river downstream of the target hydropower station will not be affected. Based on this, after determining the river to be analyzed corresponding to the target hydropower station, the river elevation and target river organisms of the river to be analyzed are further determined. This facilitates the subsequent analysis of the target river organisms in the river to be analyzed, thereby determining appropriate ecological flow release parameters.

[0028] In a specific embodiment provided in the present application, determining the river elevation and target river organisms corresponding to the river to be analyzed includes: Measuring the river elevation corresponding to the river to be analyzed based on the information collection equipment; At least one reference river organism in the river to be analyzed is identified, and a target river organism is determined from among the reference river organisms.

[0029] There are many ways to obtain river elevation, and relevant information can be obtained from a public geographic information data platform. However, the accuracy of data obtained by this method is low, and the data of some rivers may not be saved in the data platform. In addition to obtaining from a public platform, the river to be analyzed can also be measured on the spot through information collection equipment to obtain the river elevation of the river to be analyzed. For example, elevation points are collected along the river by a mobile station, a high-density point cloud is generated by a drone lidar, and underwater riverbed elevation is collected by a multi-beam echo sounder (which requires cooperation from a ship). In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the specific implementation method for obtaining the elevation of the river to be analyzed is not limited, and the actual application shall prevail.

[0030] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, at least one reference river organism in the river to be analyzed is further identified. Specifically, the reference river organism can be understood as any river organism identified from the river organisms to be analyzed. In practical applications, any river organism constitutes the ecological environment of the river to be analyzed. After determining at least one reference river organism present in the river to be analyzed, the target river organism is further selected from the reference river organisms.

[0031] Specifically, there may be many reference river organisms in a river to be analyzed, and some of the reference river organisms do not have high requirements for the suitability of the living environment, and can be ignored in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. However, some reference river organisms have some requirements for the adaptability of the living environment, and the reference river organisms that have requirements for the adaptability of the living environment are the target river organisms.

[0032] Furthermore, target river organisms are determined from each reference river organism, including: Among the reference river organisms, organisms that can query biological environmental elements are selected as target river organisms.

[0033] In another specific implementation provided in the embodiment of the present application, the target river organisms can be further determined based on reference documents. In actual applications, there will be some literature records of the living habits of various organisms, suitability indicators of the living environment, etc. In this implementation, river organisms whose biological environmental elements can be queried through literature and other materials can be selected from various reference river organisms as target river organisms. Through information such as literature and other information, information such as biological environmental elements corresponding to the target river organisms can be queried, which is convenient for comparison in the subsequent processing process, making flow discharge control more reliable.

[0034] Step S102: creating a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the river to be analyzed according to the river elevation, and obtaining biological environmental factors corresponding to the target river organisms, wherein the biological environmental factors include flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen.

[0035] A hydrodynamic model is a mathematical model based on the principles of fluid mechanics, which is used to simulate the dynamic processes of water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, oceans, etc.), such as flow, water level changes, and flow velocity distribution. A hydrodynamic model is an important tool for water resource management, water quality simulation, and water conservancy project design.

[0036] In the hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the hydrodynamic model is applicable to a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is applicable to scenes such as floods, estuaries, and horizontal flows of lakes, and is applied to flood inundation range analysis, wetland hydrodynamic research, etc.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the cloud model provided by the public comprehensive water cycle model service platform is used for hydrodynamic calculations, and the control equation adopts the two-dimensional shallow water equation in the form of conservation. The evolution of river flow needs to simulate rapids and slow flows at the same time to meet the conservation of water volume, and also adapt to the simulation of the evolution process of water flow on the dry riverbed or beach. Therefore, the finite volume method numerical discretization format is used for numerical solution. In terms of spatial discretization, non-structural gateway discretization is used to overcome the difficulties caused by complex boundaries and disparity in calculation scales, and local encryption can be performed.

[0038] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application uses the finite volume method to simulate the local flow field of the river channel and construct a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model that can simulate and calculate the flow velocity in the x and y directions. The two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is a mathematical model based on the principles of fluid mechanics, which is specifically used to simulate the flow characteristics of water in the horizontal direction (xy plane) and ignores the flow details in the vertical direction. It is suitable for studying large-scale surface water movement or hydrodynamic processes in shallow water environments.

[0039] The biological environmental factors of the target river organisms can be understood as the suitability curve of the target river organisms. In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the biological environmental factors include the flow rate, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen in the river to be analyzed. In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the biological environmental factors of the target river organisms can be obtained by querying the literature, for example, taking carp as an example, the suitable range of carp flow rate is 0.07~0.7m / s, and the most suitable range is 0.2~0.6m / s; the suitable range of carp water depth is 0.7~2.2m, and the most suitable range is 1.0~1.5m; the suitable range of carp water temperature is 10℃~30℃, and the most suitable range is 20℃~28℃; the suitable range of carp dissolved oxygen is 4mg / L~10mg / L, and the most suitable range is 6mg / L~8mg / L.

[0040] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate subsequent calculations, the water temperature of the biological environmental element in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is a dimensionless temperature, which is also called a normalized temperature. It is a concept in thermodynamics and is used to describe the ratio between the temperature of an object and a certain reference temperature. It does not depend on a specific temperature unit and is used to better understand and compare the thermodynamic properties of different objects. In the methods provided in the subsequent embodiments of the present application, the water temperature can be understood as the dimensionless water temperature after dimensionless processing.

[0041] In practical applications, the biological environment elements of the target river organisms can be obtained by querying existing knowledge.

[0042] Step S103: calculating the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environmental factor.

[0043] After the hydrodynamic model and biological environment elements are created, the hydrodynamic model can be adjusted according to different reference release control parameters. The hydrodynamic model can be used to simulate the impact of ecological flow release by the target hydropower station on the river to be analyzed according to the reference release control and parameters.

[0044] The reference discharge control parameter can be understood as the discharge flow of the target hydropower station for ecological flow discharge. In practical applications, each river channel will have a corresponding approved discharge value given by the relevant technical department, but the approved discharge value is only a rough value and may not be applicable to the ecological environment of the river channel for analysis. In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the approved discharge value can be used as a reference for adjustment to obtain multiple reference discharge control parameters.

[0045] For example, through query, the approved discharge value of the river to be analyzed is 0.1m 3 / s, you can set a flow adjustment value of 0.01 to adjust the approved discharge value to obtain "...0.07m3 / s, 0.08m 3 / s, 0.09m 3 / s、0.1m 3 / s, 0.11m 3 / s, 0.12m 3 / s..." and other reference discharge control parameters.

[0046] After obtaining a plurality of reference release control parameters, each reference release control parameter can be input into the hydrodynamic model to simulate the biological habitat area value of the river channel to be analyzed under each reference release control parameter.

[0047] The biological habitat river area value can also be called weighted usable area, effective habitat area (Weighted Usable Area, WUA). WUA is the core content of habitat evaluation in IFIM (Instream Flow Incremental Methodology), which represents the suitable habitat area for fish. In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, taking the target river organism as fish as an example, the actual ecological flow discharge of the river to be analyzed is simulated through multiple reference release control parameters and the hydrodynamic model, and then the habitat area suitable for fish survival is calculated based on the biological environmental factors of fish. Thereby finding the reference release control parameters suitable for fish survival.

[0048] In a specific embodiment provided in the present application, the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference discharge control parameter is calculated according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference discharge control parameter and the biological environmental factor, including SS1031-S1032: S1031. Calculate a biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environmental factor.

[0049] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate calculation, the biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each reference release control parameter is first calculated based on each biological environmental factor.

[0050] The biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each reference release control parameter is calculated according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environmental factor, including: Determining a target reference discharge control parameter, wherein the target reference discharge control parameter is any one of the reference discharge control parameters; Dividing the river channel to be analyzed into a plurality of river channel sub-units; The biological habitat suitability index of each river channel subunit corresponding to the hydrodynamic model and the target reference discharge control parameter is counted.

[0051] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, any one of a plurality of reference discharge control parameters is taken as an example for explanation, that is, a target reference discharge control parameter is selected from a plurality of reference discharge control parameters.

[0052] The river to be analyzed is divided into multiple river sub-units, and then the biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each river sub-unit is calculated. n A river channel subunit.

[0053] Specifically, the biological habitat suitability index of each river channel subunit corresponding to the target reference release control parameter is calculated, including: Determine a target river channel subunit, wherein the target river channel subunit is any one of the river channel subunits; Calculate the suitable value of flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen for the target river channel subunit under the target reference release control parameters; The biological habitat suitability index of the target river channel subunit is calculated based on the suitable flow velocity value, the suitable water depth value, the suitable water temperature value and the suitable dissolved oxygen value.

[0054] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each river channel element is calculated according to the hydrodynamic model and the target discharge control parameter. The specific calculation method is shown in the following formula 1: (Formula 1) in, i For the i a river channel subunit, namely the target river channel subunit, For the i The suitable flow velocity value corresponding to each river channel subunit is: For the i The suitable water depth value corresponding to each river channel subunit is: For the i The suitable water temperature value corresponding to each river channel subunit is: For the i The suitable dissolved oxygen value corresponding to each river subunit is: For the i In practical applications, the biological habitat suitability index can be obtained by multiplying the four suitable values, taking the geometric mean or the minimum value as the biological habitat suitability index; in a specific implementation provided in the embodiment of the present application, the product of the four suitable values ​​is selected as the biological habitat suitability index.

[0055] S1032. Calculate the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to each biological habitat suitability index.

[0056] After calculating the habitat suitability index of each organism, the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter can be calculated based on the habitat suitability index of each organism.

[0057] Specifically, the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter is calculated according to each biological habitat suitability index, including: The biological habitat river area value corresponding to the target reference release control parameter is determined according to the sub-river area value corresponding to each river subunit and the biological habitat suitability index.

[0058] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the target reference release control parameter is taken as an example for explanation. After obtaining the biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each river channel sub-unit through the above method, combined with the sub-river channel area value corresponding to each river channel sub-unit, the biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to the target reference release control parameter can be calculated.

[0059] Specifically, the specific implementation of calculating the biological habitat river area value is shown in the following formula 2: (Formula 2) Where WUA represents the biological habitat river area value corresponding to the target reference release control parameter, n for n The river channel subunits i For the i The river channel subunits For the i The biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each river subunit is: For the i The sub-channel area value corresponding to the channel sub-unit.

[0060] Through the above formulas 1 and 2, the corresponding biological habitat river area values ​​under each reference discharge control parameter can be calculated.

[0061] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the calculation method of WUA is improved, the water temperature and dissolved oxygen of river organisms are added, and the factors affecting the ecological environment in different scenarios and seasonal environments are fully considered, which can better determine the release control parameters.

[0062] Step S104: determining a target release control parameter according to the biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter, and controlling the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station based on the target release control parameter.

[0063] After determining the biological habitat river area values ​​corresponding to each reference release control and parameter, appropriate release control parameters can be further selected as target release control parameters.

[0064] In a specific implementation provided in the present application, the target release control parameter is determined according to the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter, including: A relationship curve is constructed based on each reference release control parameter and the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter; A point corresponding to the target slope is determined in the relationship curve as a target point, and a reference discharge control parameter corresponding to the target point is determined as a target discharge control parameter.

[0065] In this embodiment, a relationship curve can be constructed according to each reference release control parameter and the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter. Specifically, a coordinate system with the reference release control parameter as the horizontal coordinate and the biological habitat river area value as the vertical coordinate can be first constructed, and then each reference release control parameter and the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter are marked and connected in the coordinate system to obtain each reference release control parameter and the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter to construct a relationship curve.

[0066] A point corresponding to a target slope is determined in the relationship curve, where the target slope is a slope selected in the curve to determine a target discharge control parameter. In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the target slope is usually selected as 1, that is, a point in the relationship curve where the target slope is 1 is determined as the target point, and a reference discharge control parameter corresponding to the target point is further determined as the target discharge control parameter.

[0067] In a specific implementation provided in the present application, controlling the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station based on the target discharge control parameter includes: Obtain natural water flow; When the reservoir in the target hydropower station has no storage capacity and the natural flow is less than the target discharge control parameter, ecological flow discharge is performed according to the natural flow; When the natural flow rate is greater than or equal to the target discharge control parameter, or when there is storage capacity in the target hydropower station and the natural flow rate is less than the target discharge control parameter, the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station is controlled with the target discharge control parameter.

[0068] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, after the target discharge control parameter is determined, the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station can be further controlled according to the target discharge control parameter.

[0069] Specifically, first obtain the natural flow in the river to be analyzed. The natural flow refers to the flow in the river to be analyzed without human intervention. In the real nature, the river is divided into dry season and flood season in the four seasons of the year. The natural flow is small in the dry season, and large in the flood season. The target hydropower station can adjust the water volume in different periods, store the excess water in the reservoir of the hydropower station in the flood season, and release the water in the reservoir in the dry season. Thereby improving the guarantee rate of water use.

[0070] When the reservoir in the target hydropower station has no storage capacity and the natural flow is less than the target release control parameter, it means that there is less water in the river channel at this time, and the water is released according to the natural flow, that is, there is no restriction on the water in the river channel.

[0071] During the flood season, when the water flow in the river is large (the natural flow is greater than or equal to the target release control parameter), in order to ensure that the river organisms in the river to be analyzed have a suitable living environment, the target release control parameter can be used to control the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station.

[0072] In practical applications, there is also a situation where the water flow in the river is small (the natural flow is less than the target discharge control parameter), but there is storage capacity in the reservoir of the target hydropower station. In this case, the target discharge control parameter can also be used to control the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station, thereby ensuring the suitable ecological area of ​​the river to be analyzed and ensuring the utilization rate of water.

[0073] In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, in view of the difference in water inflow in the target hydropower station at different periods, when the natural flow is greater than or equal to the target discharge control parameter, the target discharge control parameter is used to control the flow in the river, and the excess water is stored in the reservoir. When the natural flow is less than the target discharge control parameter, water is taken from the reservoir for ecological flow discharge to ensure the flow in the downstream river to be analyzed and the suitable survival of river organisms.

[0074] Through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, after determining the river channel to be analyzed, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is created according to the river channel elevation, and the biological environment elements (including flow rate, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen) adapted to the survival of the river channel organisms in the river channel are obtained, and then the suitable biological habitat river channel area values ​​of the river channel organisms corresponding to different reference release control parameters are simulated in the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and the target release control parameters are determined according to the biological habitat river channel area values, and the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station is controlled based on the target release control parameters. It is ensured that each hydropower station has suitable release control parameters, which can fully utilize water resources and protect the ecological environment in the river channel to be analyzed, and can effectively protect the aquatic organisms in the river channel to be analyzed.

[0075] The following combination Figure 2 Taking the application of the hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method provided by the present application in a hydropower station in a mountain stream as an example, the hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method is further described. Figure 2 A processing flow chart of a method for controlling the ecological flow discharge of a hydropower station applied to a hydropower station in a mountain stream provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S201: determine the river channel to be analyzed corresponding to the target hydropower station, and determine the river channel elevation and target river channel organisms corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed.

[0076] In this implementation, the target hydropower station controls a catchment area of ​​14.8 km 2 , cross-basin water diversion area 5.2km 2 The total storage capacity of the reservoir is 852,600 m 3 , normal storage capacity is 687,600 m 3 The main stream of the river to be analyzed is 19.2 km long and has a drainage area of ​​approximately 75 km 2 The river channel to be analyzed is identified by using a laser radar mounted on a drone to obtain the river channel elevation. The target river organisms in the river channel to be analyzed are determined by querying the hydrological data.

[0077] Step S202: Create a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model corresponding to the river to be analyzed according to the river elevation, and query the biological environmental factors corresponding to the target river organisms, wherein the biological environmental factors include flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen.

[0078] Step S203: Divide the river channel to be analyzed into a plurality of river channel sub-units, and obtain the sub-river channel area value of each river channel sub-unit.

[0079] In this implementation, the calculation range of the river channel to be analyzed is divided by unstructured grids, and the low-lying area in the center of the river section is subjected to gateway encryption and refinement. After division, there are 27241 two-dimensional gateway units in total, with a minimum grid side length of 0.1m and an average gateway unit area of ​​0.5m 2 .

[0080] Step S204: Calculate the suitable flow velocity value, water depth value, water temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of each river channel subunit corresponding to different reference release control parameters according to the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

[0081] In this embodiment, the approved discharge value of the river to be analyzed is 0.062m 3 / s, and determine a plurality of different reference release control parameters based on the approved release value. Calculate the appropriate flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen values ​​corresponding to each river channel subunit corresponding to different reference release control parameters.

[0082] Step S205: Calculate the biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each river channel subunit under each reference discharge control and parameter according to the suitable flow velocity value, the suitable water depth value, the suitable water temperature value and the suitable dissolved oxygen value.

[0083] Step S206: Determine the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the sub-river area value corresponding to each river sub-unit and the biological habitat suitability index.

[0084] Step S207: constructing a relationship curve according to each reference release control parameter and the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter.

[0085] Step S208: determining a point in the relationship curve whose target slope is 1 as a target point, and determining a reference discharge control parameter corresponding to the target point as a target discharge control parameter.

[0086] Step S209: Controlling the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station based on the target discharge control parameter.

[0087] Through the regulation of the target hydropower station, the water in the reservoir will be stored to the normal water level at the end of March, and the average water storage capacity of 30 to 40 days will be stored in advance in other months. During the critical period of fish spawning from April to June, the amount of water required by fish will be met as much as possible, and the ecological flow will be released according to the ecological flow of the sensitive period of fish.

[0088] Corresponding to the above method embodiment, the present application also provides an embodiment of a hydropower station ecological flow discharge control device, Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a hydropower station ecological flow discharge control device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the device comprises: The determination module 301 is configured to determine the river channel to be analyzed corresponding to the target hydropower station, and determine the river channel elevation and target river channel organisms corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed; The acquisition module 302 is configured to create a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the river to be analyzed according to the river elevation, and obtain biological environmental factors corresponding to the target river organisms, wherein the biological environmental factors include flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen; A calculation module 303 is configured to calculate a biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environment factor; The control module 304 is configured to determine a target release control parameter according to the biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter, and control the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station based on the target release control parameter.

[0089] Optionally, the determining module 301 is further configured to: Measuring the river elevation corresponding to the river to be analyzed based on the information collection equipment; At least one reference river organism in the river to be analyzed is identified, and a target river organism is determined from among the reference river organisms.

[0090] Optionally, the determining module 301 is further configured to: Among the reference river organisms, organisms that can query biological environmental elements are selected as target river organisms.

[0091] Optionally, the calculation module 303 is further configured to: Calculate the biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environmental factor; The biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter is calculated based on each biological habitat suitability index.

[0092] Optionally, the calculation module 303 is further configured to: Determining a target reference discharge control parameter, wherein the target reference discharge control parameter is any one of the reference discharge control parameters; Dividing the river channel to be analyzed into a plurality of river channel sub-units; The biological habitat suitability index of each river channel subunit corresponding to the hydrodynamic model and the target reference discharge control parameter is counted.

[0093] Optionally, the calculation module 303 is further configured to: Determine a target river channel subunit, wherein the target river channel subunit is any one of the river channel subunits; Calculate the suitable value of flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen for the target river channel subunit under the target reference release control parameters; The biological habitat suitability index of the target river channel subunit is calculated based on the suitable flow velocity value, the suitable water depth value, the suitable water temperature value and the suitable dissolved oxygen value.

[0094] Optionally, the calculation module 303 is further configured to: The biological habitat river area value corresponding to the target reference release control parameter is determined according to the sub-river area value corresponding to each river subunit and the biological habitat suitability index.

[0095] Optionally, the control module 304 is further configured to: A relationship curve is constructed based on each reference release control parameter and the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter; A point corresponding to the target slope is determined in the relationship curve as a target point, and a reference discharge control parameter corresponding to the target point is determined as a target discharge control parameter.

[0096] Optionally, the control module 304 is further configured to: Obtain natural water flow; When the reservoir in the target hydropower station has no storage capacity and the natural flow is less than the target discharge control parameter, ecological flow discharge is performed according to the natural flow; When the natural water flow is greater than or equal to the target discharge control parameter, or when there is water storage in the target hydropower station and the natural water flow is less than the target discharge control parameter, the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station is controlled with the target discharge control parameter.

[0097] Through the device provided in the embodiment of the present application, after determining the river channel to be analyzed, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is created according to the river channel elevation, and the biological environmental elements (including flow rate, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen) adapted to the survival of the river channel organisms in the river channel are obtained, and then the suitable biological habitat river channel area values ​​of the river channel organisms corresponding to different reference release control parameters are simulated in the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and the target release control parameters are determined according to the biological habitat river channel area values, and the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station is controlled based on the target release control parameters. It is ensured that each hydropower station has suitable release control parameters, which can fully utilize water resources and protect the ecological environment in the river channel to be analyzed, and can effectively protect the aquatic organisms in the river channel to be analyzed.

[0098] The above is a schematic scheme of a hydropower station ecological flow discharge control device of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the hydropower station ecological flow discharge control device and the technical scheme of the hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method belong to the same concept, and the details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the hydropower station ecological flow discharge control device can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method.

[0099] Figure 4 The block diagram of a computing device 400 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The components of the computing device 400 include but are not limited to a memory 410 and a processor 420. The processor 420 is connected to the memory 410 via a bus 430, and the database 450 is used to store data.

[0100] The computing device 400 also includes an access device 440 that enables the computing device 400 to communicate via one or more networks 460. Examples of these networks include a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a personal area network (PAN), or a combination of communication networks such as the Internet. The access device 440 may include one or more of any type of network interface (e.g., a network interface card (NIC)) of wired or wireless, such as an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) wireless interface, a world-wide interoperability for microwave access (Wi-MAX) interface, an Ethernet interface, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a Bluetooth interface, a near field communication (NFC) interface, and the like.

[0101] In one embodiment of the present application, the above components of the computing device 400 and Figure 4 Other components not shown in the figure may also be connected to each other, for example, via a bus. It should be understood that Figure 4 The computing device structure block diagram shown is only for the purpose of illustration, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art may add or replace other components as needed.

[0102] The computing device 400 may be any type of stationary or mobile computing device, including a mobile computer or mobile computing device (e.g., a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a netbook, etc.), a mobile phone (e.g., a smart phone), a wearable computing device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses, etc.), or other types of mobile devices, or a stationary computing device such as a desktop computer or a personal computer (PC). The computing device 400 may also be a mobile or stationary server.

[0103] The processor 420 is used to execute the following computer program / instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for controlling the ecological flow discharge of a hydropower station.

[0104] The above is a schematic scheme of a computing device of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the computing device and the technical scheme of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method belong to the same concept, and the details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the computing device can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method.

[0105] An embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program / instruction, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method when executed by a processor.

[0106] The above is a schematic scheme of a computer-readable storage medium of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the storage medium and the technical scheme of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method belong to the same concept, and the details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the storage medium can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method.

[0107] An embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instruction, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow release control method when executed by a processor.

[0108] The above is a schematic scheme of a computer program product of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the computer program product and the technical scheme of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method belong to the same concept, and the details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the computer program product can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the above-mentioned hydropower station ecological flow discharge control method.

[0109] The above describes specific embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0110] The computer instructions include computer program codes, which may be in source code form, object code form, executable files or some intermediate forms, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of patent practice. For example, in some regions, according to patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0111] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described action sequence, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0112] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0113] The preferred embodiments of the present application disclosed above are only used to help explain the present application. The optional embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the present application. The present application selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present application well. The present application is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlling ecological flow discharge of a hydropower station, characterized in that: include: Determine the river channel to be analyzed corresponding to the target hydropower station, and determine the river channel elevation and target river channel organisms corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed; Creating a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the river to be analyzed according to the river elevation, and obtaining biological environmental factors corresponding to the target river organisms, wherein the biological environmental factors include flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen; Calculate the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environment factor; The target release control parameter is determined according to the biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter, and the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station is controlled based on the target release control parameter.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the river elevation and target river organisms corresponding to the river to be analyzed, including: Measuring the river elevation corresponding to the river to be analyzed based on the information collection equipment; At least one reference river organism in the river to be analyzed is identified, and a target river organism is determined from among the reference river organisms.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Target river organisms are identified from various reference river organisms, including: Among the reference river organisms, organisms that can query biological environmental elements are selected as target river organisms.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Calculating the biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environment factor, including: Calculate the biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environmental factor; The biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter is calculated based on each biological habitat suitability index.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Calculating the biological habitat suitability index corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environmental factor, including: Determining a target reference discharge control parameter, wherein the target reference discharge control parameter is any one of the reference discharge control parameters; Dividing the river channel to be analyzed into a plurality of river channel sub-units; The biological habitat suitability index of each river channel subunit corresponding to the hydrodynamic model and the target reference discharge control parameter is counted.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The biological habitat suitability index of each river channel subunit corresponding to the target reference release control parameter is calculated, including: Determine a target river channel subunit, wherein the target river channel subunit is any one of the river channel subunits; Calculate the suitable value of flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen for the target river channel subunit under the target reference release control parameters; The biological habitat suitability index of the target river channel subunit is calculated based on the suitable flow velocity value, the suitable water depth value, the suitable water temperature value and the suitable dissolved oxygen value.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The biological habitat river area values ​​corresponding to each reference release control parameter are calculated based on each biological habitat suitability index, including: The biological habitat river area value corresponding to the target reference release control parameter is determined according to the sub-river area value corresponding to each river subunit and the biological habitat suitability index.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The target release control parameters are determined according to the biological habitat river area values ​​corresponding to each reference release control parameter, including: A relationship curve is constructed based on each reference release control parameter and the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter; A point corresponding to the target slope is determined in the relationship curve as a target point, and a reference discharge control parameter corresponding to the target point is determined as a target discharge control parameter.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Controlling the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station based on the target discharge control parameter includes: Obtain natural water flow; When the reservoir in the target hydropower station has no storage capacity and the natural flow is less than the target discharge control parameter, ecological flow discharge is performed according to the natural flow; When the natural flow rate is greater than or equal to the target discharge control parameter, or when there is storage capacity in the target hydropower station and the natural flow rate is less than the target discharge control parameter, the ecological flow discharge of the target hydropower station is controlled with the target discharge control parameter.

10. A hydropower station ecological flow discharge control device, characterized in that: include: A determination module is configured to determine a river channel to be analyzed corresponding to a target hydropower station, and determine a river channel elevation and target river channel organisms corresponding to the river channel to be analyzed; an acquisition module, configured to create a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the river to be analyzed according to the river elevation, and acquire biological environmental factors corresponding to the target river organisms, wherein the biological environmental factors include flow velocity, water depth, water temperature and dissolved oxygen; A calculation module is configured to calculate the biological habitat river area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter according to the hydrodynamic model, at least one reference release control parameter and the biological environment factor; The control module is configured to determine a target release control parameter according to a biological habitat river channel area value corresponding to each reference release control parameter, and control the ecological flow release of the target hydropower station based on the target release control parameter.

11. A computing device, characterized in that: include: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer programs / instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer programs / instructions. When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

12. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program / instruction, characterized in that: When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

13. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented.

Images