An adjustable rotary drill bit

Abstract

The application relates to an adjustable rotary digging drill bit, belonging to the field of pile foundation construction equipment, which comprises a drill bit body, a guide plate, a cutting tooth, a control mechanism and a cutting mechanism, the drill bit body is used for being connected to a drill rod of a rotary digging machine, a pile cutting groove for allowing a waste pile to pass in is arranged on the drill bit body, a plurality of guide plates are hingedly arranged on the side wall of the pile cutting groove, the cutting tooth is arranged on the guide plate, the control mechanism is arranged on the drill bit body and used for driving the guide plate to rotate towards the direction of the shaft center of the drill bit body, and the cutting mechanism is arranged on the drill bit body and used for cutting off the waste pile. The application has the effects of simplifying a construction process and effectively improving the problems of low efficiency and high cost when the waste pile is treated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of pile foundation construction equipment, in particular to an adjustable rotary drilling head. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rotary drilling head is a construction equipment suitable for building foundation engineering. It can be used for hole forming operation by rotating with the rotary drilling machine, and is widely used in municipal construction, highway bridge, high-rise building and other foundation construction engineering.

[0003] At present, when old buildings are demolished and rebuilt, the waste piles remaining on the old foundation need to be removed, and then the rotary drilling head is used to form holes on the original foundation for pile foundation work of the new foundation. The waste piles are generally removed by digging the overburden to expose the waste piles, and then manually breaking the piles with a crusher and cutting the piles with a professional pile cutting equipment. The construction efficiency of manually breaking the piles with a crusher is low, time-consuming and labor-intensive. The use of professional pile cutting equipment for pile cutting is high in equipment cost for construction units, resulting in low efficiency and high cost in processing waste piles. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to improve the problem of low efficiency and high cost in processing waste piles, the present application provides an adjustable rotary drilling head.

[0005] The adjustable rotary drilling head provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An adjustable rotary drilling head, comprising a drill bit body, a guide plate, a cutting tooth, a control mechanism and a cutting mechanism, the drill bit body is used to be connected to the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine, a pile cutting groove for the waste pile to pass through is formed on the drill bit body, a plurality of guide plates are hingedly arranged on the side wall of the pile cutting groove, the cutting tooth is arranged on the guide plate, the control mechanism is arranged on the drill bit body and used to drive the guide plate to rotate towards the axis of the drill bit body, and the cutting mechanism is arranged on the drill bit body and used to cut off the waste pile.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the construction personnel connects the drill bit body to the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine, so that the opening of the pile cutting groove is aligned with the waste pile, and then the drill bit body is driven downward and rotated by the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine. The cutting tooth on the guide plate can form a hole in the foundation by pressing and rotating, so that the waste pile enters the pile cutting groove. Then the guide plate is driven to rotate towards the axis of the drill bit body by the control mechanism, and the guide plate drives the cutting tooth to abut against the waste pile. The cutting tooth can cut the waste pile by rotating, and cooperate with the cutting mechanism to cut off the waste pile. The waste pile can be quickly cut off while forming a hole, which simplifies the construction process, effectively improves the problem of low efficiency and high cost in processing waste piles, and improves the adaptability of the cutting tooth to the cutting demand of waste piles of different diameters by driving the guide plate with the control mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the cutting mechanism comprises a high-pressure pump, a jet head and a sand supply assembly, the high-pressure pump is arranged on the drill bit body and communicates with a water source, the jet head is arranged on the guide plate and communicates with the high-pressure pump, and the sand supply assembly is arranged on the drill bit body and used to supply abrasive material to the jet head.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the waste pile is cut off, the high-pressure pump draws the water source into the jet head, and the sand supply assembly supplies abrasive material to the jet head, the water and the abrasive material are sprayed from the jet head in the form of high-pressure water jet to the waste pile, the waste pile is cut, the efficiency of cutting off the waste pile is improved, and the water can also cool the part rubbed by the cutting tooth and the waste pile, so that the possibility of damage caused by the high temperature of the cutting tooth is reduced.

[0010] Optionally, the control mechanism comprises a push rod, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a controller, the push rod is hingedly arranged on the drill bit body, a piston rod of the push rod is hingedly connected with the guide plate, the pressure sensor is arranged between the cutting tooth and the guide plate, the temperature sensor is arranged on the cutting tooth, and the controller is arranged on the drill bit body and electrically connected with the push rod, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the construction personnel can conveniently drive the guide plate to rotate towards the direction close to or away from the axis of the drill bit body by controlling the extension or retraction of the piston rod of the push rod, and in the process of punching or pile cutting, the pressure sensor can detect the force applied by the cutting tooth to the guide plate, and the temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the cutting tooth, and the controller controls the push rod according to the detection data, so that the possibility of damage of the cutting tooth and the guide plate caused by excessive pressure and high temperature in the process of punching or pile cutting is reduced.

[0012] Optionally, a slot is formed in the guide plate, the cutting tooth is inserted into the slot, and a positioning mechanism is arranged on the guide plate and used to position the cutting tooth in the slot.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the construction personnel inserts the cutting tooth into the slot and then positions the cutting tooth by the positioning mechanism, so that the cutting tooth can be installed, and the cutting tooth can be replaced according to the needs of punching and pile cutting.

[0014] Optionally, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate and a positioning bolt, the positioning plate is slidingly arranged on the guide plate, a clamping groove for clamping the cutting tooth is formed in the positioning plate, the positioning bolt penetrates through the positioning plate and is threadedly arranged on the guide plate, and the diameter of the cutting tooth at the end of the slot is greater than the diameter of the clamping groove.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the construction personnel pushes the positioning plate close to the cutting tooth, so that the cutting tooth is clamped into the clamping groove on the cutting tooth, then the positioning bolt is screwed into the guide plate through the positioning plate, the positioning plate is positioned on the guide plate, the positioning plate can position the cutting tooth in the insertion slot, and the positioning and installation of the cutting tooth are quickly completed.

[0016] Optionally, a buffer pad is arranged on the bottom wall of the insertion slot, and the side wall of the clamping groove is gradually inclined away from the cutting tooth from the shaft center end close to the drill bit body to the shaft center end away from the drill bit body.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, when the construction personnel inserts the cutting tooth into the insertion slot, the cutting tooth abuts against the buffer pad, then when the positioning plate is pushed close to the cutting tooth, the side wall of the clamping groove can extrude the cutting tooth, so that the cutting tooth is tightly abutted against the buffer pad, and the stability of the cutting tooth in the insertion slot is improved.

[0018] Optionally, a support mechanism for supporting the guide plate is arranged on the drill bit body, the support mechanism comprises a support cylinder, a support rod, a support screw and a driving motor, the support cylinder is hingedly arranged on the drill bit body, the support rod is slidingly inserted into the support cylinder and is hinged to the guide plate, the support screw is rotationally arranged on the support cylinder and is threadedly connected with the support rod, and the driving motor is arranged on the support cylinder and is used to drive the support screw to rotate.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, when the push rod drives the guide plate to rotate towards the shaft center of the drill bit body, the driving motor synchronously drives the support screw to rotate, so that the support rod moves away from the support cylinder, after the cutting tooth on the guide plate is tightly abutted against the waste pile, the support rod can support the guide plate, the acting force on the piston rod of the push rod is reduced, the service life of the push rod is improved, and the rotation of the guide plate driven by the push rod is assisted, so that the cutting tooth is conveniently tightly abutted against the waste pile.

[0020] Optionally, a limiting mechanism for limiting the rotation of the support screw is arranged on the support cylinder, the limiting mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a limiting spring and a poking assembly, the ratchet wheel is coaxially arranged on the support screw, the pawl is hingedly arranged on the support cylinder, the limiting spring is arranged on the support cylinder and is connected with the pawl, the limiting spring always has a tendency to drive the pawl to abut against the ratchet wheel, so that the support screw can only rotate towards the direction of driving the support rod away from the support cylinder, and the poking assembly is arranged on the support cylinder and is used to push the pawl away from the ratchet wheel.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, when the support screw drives the support rod to move away from the support cylinder, the support screw drives the ratchet wheel to rotate, the ratchet wheel drives the pawl to move away from the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel can rotate normally, and then the support screw can rotate normally, after the cutting tooth abuts against the waste pile, the limiting spring drives the pawl to abut against the ratchet wheel, and the rotation of the support screw in the direction of driving the support rod to move close to the support cylinder is limited, thereby improving the stability of the support rod supporting the guide plate.

[0022] Optionally, the pushing assembly comprises a pushing block and a driving member, the pushing block is arranged on the support cylinder and slides towards the side of the ratchet wheel close to the pawl, and the driving member is arranged on the support cylinder and is used to drive the pushing block to slide.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, when the support screw drives the support rod to move away from the support cylinder, the support screw drives the ratchet wheel to rotate, the ratchet wheel drives the pawl to move away from the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel can rotate normally, and then the support screw can rotate normally, after the cutting tooth abuts against the waste pile, the limiting spring drives the pawl to abut against the ratchet wheel, and the rotation of the support screw in the direction of driving the support rod to move close to the support cylinder is limited, thereby improving the stability of the support rod supporting the guide plate.

[0024] Optionally, the drill bit body is provided with an embedding groove, and the embedding groove is used for embedding when the guide plate rotates away from the drill bit body.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, when the guide plate rotates away from the drill bit body and is attached to the drill bit body for punching operation, the guide plate is embedded in the embedding groove, and the side wall of the embedding groove supports the guide plate, thereby improving the stability of the guide plate during punching.

[0026] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. The cutting tooth can cut the waste pile by rotating, and cooperate with the cutting mechanism to cut off the waste pile, so that the waste pile can be quickly cut off while the hole is formed, thereby simplifying the construction process, effectively improving the problem of low efficiency and high cost in processing the waste pile, and the driving of the guide plate by the control mechanism can also improve the applicability of the cutting demand for waste piles of different diameters.

[0028] 2. During the punching or pile cutting process, the pressure sensor can detect the force applied by the cutting tooth to the guide plate, and the temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the cutting tooth, and the controller controls the push rod according to the detection data, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the cutting tooth and the guide plate due to excessive pressure and temperature during the punching or pile cutting process.

[0029] 3. After the cutting tooth on the guide plate abuts against the waste pile, the support rod can support the guide plate, thereby reducing the force acting on the piston rod of the push rod, and improving the service life of the push rod, and also providing assistance for the rotation of the push rod to drive the guide plate, thereby facilitating the abutment of the guide plate against the waste pile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an adjustable rotary drill bit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 is a sectional structural schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of a guide plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a support mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application (partially sectioned support cylinder is shown in the diagram).

[0034] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the inside of a support cylinder according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Reference signs: 1, drill bit body; 11, pile cutting groove; 12, embedding groove; 2, guide plate; 21, insertion slot; 3, cutting tooth; 4, control mechanism; 41, push rod; 5, cutting mechanism; 51, high-pressure pump; 52, jet head; 53, sand supply assembly; 6, positioning mechanism; 61, positioning plate; 611, clamping slot; 62, positioning bolt; 7, buffer pad; 8, support mechanism; 81, support cylinder; 82, support rod; 83, support screw; 84, drive motor; 9, limiting mechanism; 91, ratchet; 92, pawl; 93, limiting spring; 94, toggle assembly; 941, toggle block; 942, drive piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-5 The present application will be described in further detail.

[0037] The present application discloses an adjustable rotary drill bit.

[0038] Reference will be made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The adjustable rotary drill bit comprises a drill bit body 1, a guide plate 2, a cutting tooth 3, a control mechanism 4, a cutting mechanism 5, a positioning mechanism 6, a support mechanism 8, and a limiting mechanism 9.

[0039] Reference will be made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The drill bit body 1 is used to be connected to the drill rod of a rotary drilling machine. In the present embodiment, a joint is mounted on the top of the drill bit body 1. After the joint on the drill bit body 1 is inserted into the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine, a pin shaft is passed through the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine and into the drill bit body 1, so that the drill bit body 1 can be installed to the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine.

[0040] Reference will be made to Figure 1 , Figure 2The drill bit body 1 is provided with a pile cutting groove 11. The opening diameter of the pile cutting groove 11 gradually decreases from the direction away from the joint on the drill bit body 1 to the direction close to the joint on the drill bit body 1, so that the pile cutting groove 11 can be used for inserting waste piles of different diameters. In the embodiment, a plurality of slag discharge channels are provided on the side wall of the pile cutting groove 11, which facilitates the discharge of waste slag from the slag discharge channels during the drilling process of the drill bit body 1.

[0041] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The guide plate 2 is hingedly installed on the side wall of the pile cutting groove 11 in the direction towards the side wall of the pile cutting groove 11. A plurality of guide plates 2 are distributed along the circumference of the pile cutting groove 11. The side wall of the pile cutting groove 11 is provided with an embedding groove 12. The embedding groove 12 is used for embedding when the guide plate 2 rotates towards the side wall of the pile cutting groove 11. When the drill bit body 1 is used for drilling, the side wall of the guide plate 2 is prevented from directly receiving the radial force of the drill bit body 1. The side wall of the embedding groove 12 supports the guide plate 2, effectively improving the stability of the guide plate 2 during the drilling process.

[0042] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 3 A plurality of insertion grooves 21 are provided on the guide plate 2. A buffer pad 7 is installed on the bottom wall of the insertion groove 21. In the embodiment, the buffer pad 7 is a rubber pad. The cutting tooth 3 is insertedly installed in the insertion groove 21. The diameter of one end of the cutting tooth 3 located in the insertion groove 21 is greater than the diameter of the other end of the cutting tooth 3 located outside the insertion groove 21. A positioning mechanism 6 is installed on the guide plate 2. The positioning mechanism 6 is used for positioning the cutting tooth 3 in the insertion groove 21. The positioning mechanism 6 includes a positioning plate 61 and a positioning bolt 62. The positioning plate 61 is slidingly installed on the guide plate 2 in the direction perpendicular to the cutting tooth 3. A clamping groove 611 is provided on the positioning plate 61 for clamping the cutting tooth 3. The side wall of the clamping groove 611 gradually inclines away from the cutting tooth 3 from the end close to the axis of the drill bit body 1 to the end away from the axis of the drill bit body 1. The positioning bolt 62 penetrates the positioning plate 61 and is threadedly arranged on the guide plate 2.

[0043] The construction personnel inserts the larger end of the cutting tooth 3 into the insertion slot 21, and then pushes the positioning plate 61 towards the cutting tooth 3, so that the cutting tooth 3 is clamped into the clamping slot 611, and in the process, the side wall of the clamping slot 611 gradually tilts away from the cutting tooth 3 from the end close to the shaft center of the drill bit body 1 to the end away from the shaft center of the drill bit body 1, so that the cutting tooth 3 is pressed by the side wall of the clamping slot 611, and the cutting tooth 3 is tightly pressed against the buffer pad 7, then the positioning bolt 62 is inserted through the positioning plate 61 and screwed onto the guide plate 2 to position the positioning plate 61, and the positioning plate 61 can stably position the cutting tooth 3 in the insertion slot 21, so that the positioning and installation of the cutting tooth 3 are convenient and fast. When the cutting tooth 3 needs to be replaced, the positioning bolt 62 is unscrewed, and then the positioning plate 61 is slid away from the cutting tooth 3, so that the cutting tooth 3 can be taken out of the insertion slot 21, and then the replaced cutting tooth 3 is inserted into the insertion slot 21, the positioning plate 61 is slid to clamp the cutting tooth 3 into the clamping slot 611, and the positioning bolt 62 is screwed, so that the cutting tooth 3 can be conveniently replaced according to the needs of punching and pile cutting.

[0044] With reference to Figure 2 The control mechanism 4 is installed on the drill bit body 1, and the control mechanism 4 is used to drive the guide plate 2 to rotate towards the shaft center of the drill bit body 1. The control mechanism 4 includes a push rod 41, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a controller. The push rod 41 can be a gas cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod 41, or other linear driving devices. In this embodiment, the push rod 41 is a gas cylinder. The push rod 41 is hingedly installed on the drill bit body 1, and the piston rod of the push rod 41 is hingedly connected to the side of the guide plate 2 away from the shaft center of the drill bit body 1. The pressure sensor is installed on the bottom wall of the insertion slot 21 and penetrates through the buffer pad 7. The pressure sensor is located between the cutting tooth 3 and the guide plate 2 and abuts against the cutting tooth 3. The temperature sensor is installed inside the cutting tooth 3. The controller is installed on the drill bit body 1 and is electrically connected to the push rod 41, the temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor.

[0045] The construction personnel aligns the opening of the pile cutting groove 11 on the drill bit body 1 to the waste pile after installing the drill bit body 1 to the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine, and then drives the drill bit body 1 to press down and rotate through the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine, so that the cutting teeth 3 on the guide plate 2 can be formed into a hole on the foundation by pressing down and rotating, and when the waste pile is inserted into the pile cutting groove 11 after being formed into a hole, the piston rod of the push rod 41 is extended by the controller, so that the guide plate 2 drives the plurality of cutting teeth 3 to rotate towards the axis of the drill bit body 1, until the cutting teeth 3 abut against the waste pile, and then the drill rod of the rotary drilling machine continues to drive the drill bit body 1 to rotate, so that the cutting teeth 3 can cut the waste pile by rotating to cut off the waste pile. The piston rod of the push rod 41 is retracted by the controller to continue to form a hole and cut off the next section of the waste pile, so that the waste pile can be cut off quickly while forming a hole, simplifying the construction process, effectively improving the problem of low efficiency and high cost when processing the waste pile, and the piston rod of the push rod 41 is controlled by the controller to extend or retract, so that the plurality of guide plates 2 can enclose different diameters, and the adaptability to the cutting demand of the waste pile of different diameters is also improved. At the same time, in the pile cutting process, the pressure sensor can detect the force applied by the cutting teeth 3 to the guide plate 2, and the temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the cutting teeth 3. The controller controls the extension or retraction of the piston rod of the push rod 41 according to the detection data, so as to control the abutting force of the cutting teeth 3 and the waste pile, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the cutting teeth 3 and the guide plate 2 due to excessive pressure and high temperature during the drilling or pile cutting process.

[0046] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 4 The support mechanism 8 is installed on the drill bit body 1, and the support mechanism 8 is used for supporting the guide plate 2. The support mechanism 8 includes a support cylinder 81, a support rod 82, a support screw 83, and a drive motor 84. The support cylinder 81 is hingedly installed on the drill bit body 1, and the inside of the support cylinder 81 is hollow and open at the end away from the drill bit body 1. The support rod 82 is slidingly inserted into the support cylinder 81, and the support rod 82 is hingedly connected to the side of the guide plate 2 away from the axis of the drill bit body 1. The support screw 83 is rotationally installed on the inner bottom wall of the support cylinder 81, and the support screw 83 is threadedly inserted into the support rod 82. The drive motor 84 is installed on the support cylinder 81, and the piston rod of the drive motor 84 is coaxially connected to the support screw 83. The drive motor 84 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0047] When the push rod 41 drives the guide plate 2 to rotate towards the axis of the drill bit body 1, the controller synchronously controls the driving motor 84 to start, the driving motor 84 drives the supporting screw 83 to rotate, so that the supporting rod 82 moves away from the supporting barrel 81, and the supporting rod 82 can synchronously drive the guide plate 2 to rotate towards the axis of the drill bit body 1, thereby providing assistance for the driving of the guide plate 2, facilitating the guide plate 2 to rotate towards the waste pile by extruding the foundation, and when the cutting tooth 3 on the guide plate 2 abuts against the waste pile, the supporting screw 83 supports the supporting rod 82, and the supporting rod 82 supports the guide plate 2, thereby reducing the force acting on the piston rod of the push rod 41 and prolonging the service life of the push rod 41.

[0048] With reference to Figure 4 , Figure 5 The limiting mechanism 9 is installed on the supporting barrel 81, and is used to limit the rotation of the supporting screw 83. The limiting mechanism 9 comprises a ratchet wheel 91, a pawl 92, a limiting spring 93 and a pushing assembly 94. The ratchet wheel 91 is coaxially installed on the supporting screw 83, the pawl 92 is hingedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the supporting barrel 81, one end of the limiting spring 93 is installed on the inner wall of the supporting barrel 81, and the other end of the limiting spring 93 is installed on the side of the pawl 92 away from the ratchet wheel 91. The limiting spring 93 always has a tendency to drive the pawl 92 to abut against the ratchet wheel 91, so that the supporting screw 83 can only rotate in the direction of driving the supporting rod 82 away from the supporting barrel 81. The pushing assembly 94 is installed on the supporting barrel 81, and is used to push the pawl 92 away from the ratchet wheel 91. The pushing assembly 94 comprises a pushing block 941 and a driving part 942. The pushing block 941 is slidingly installed on the inner wall of the supporting barrel 81 towards the side of the pawl 92 close to the ratchet wheel 91, and the driving part 942 is installed on the supporting barrel 81 and is used to drive the pushing block 941 to slide. In this embodiment, the driving part 942 is a gas cylinder, which is electrically connected with the controller. The gas cylinder is installed on the supporting barrel 81 along the sliding direction of the pushing block 941, the piston rod of the gas cylinder is connected with the pushing block 941, and the piston rod of the gas cylinder is retracted or extended, thereby driving the pushing block 941 to slide.

[0049] When the support screw 83 moves the support rod 82 away from the support barrel 81, the support screw 83 drives the ratchet wheel 91 to rotate, and the ratchet wheel 91 drives the pawl 92 away, so that the ratchet wheel 91 can rotate normally. After the support screw 83 rotates to drive the cutting tooth 3 to abut against the waste pile, the pawl 92 abuts against the ratchet wheel 91 under the action of the limiting spring 93, so that the ratchet wheel 91 is limited from rotating in the direction of driving the support rod 82 to approach the support barrel 81, thereby reducing the force transmitted by the support rod 82 to the support screw 83, reducing the possibility of damage to the support screw 83, and further improving the stability of the support rod 82 supporting the guide plate 2. When the guide plate 2 needs to be driven away from the waste pile subsequently, the driving piece 942 drives the push block 941 to slide towards the pawl 92, so that the pawl 92 is driven away from the ratchet wheel 91, and the support screw 83 is driven to rotate in the direction of driving the support rod 82 to approach the support barrel 81.

[0050] With reference to Figure 2 The cutting mechanism 5 is installed on the drill bit body 1, and is used to cut the waste pile. The cutting mechanism 5 includes a high-pressure pump 51, a spray head 52, and a sand blasting assembly. The high-pressure pump 51 is installed on the drill bit body 1 and electrically connected with the controller. The high-pressure pump 51 is in communication with an external water source. The spray head 52 is installed on the guide plate 2 near the waste pile, and faces the abutting position of the cutting tooth 3 and the waste pile. The spray head 52 is in communication with the high-pressure pump 51. The sand blasting assembly is installed on the drill bit body 1, and is used to supply abrasive to the spray head 52. In this embodiment, the sand blasting assembly includes a sandstone pump. The sandstone pump is installed on the drill bit body 1 and electrically connected with the controller. The sandstone pump is in communication with an external abrasive storage tank, and is in communication with the spray head 52.

[0051] When cutting the waste pile, the high-pressure pump 51 and the sandstone pump are started synchronously to draw the water source and the abrasive into the spray head 52 in a high-pressure state. The water and the abrasive are sprayed from the spray head 52 in a high-pressure water flow to the cutting position of the waste pile, so as to cut the waste pile and improve the cutting efficiency. At the same time, the water can also cool the part of the cutting tooth 3 that rubs against the waste pile, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the cutting tooth 3 due to high temperature.

[0052] The implementation principle of the adjustable rotary excavating drill bit is as follows: the construction personnel connect the drill bit body 1 to the drill rod of the rotary excavating machine, then align the pile cutting groove 11 on the drill bit body 1 to the waste pile, press down the drill bit body 1 and drive the drill bit body 1 to rotate, the cutting tooth 3 on the guide plate 2 can be excavated into a hole on the foundation by rotating, as the drill bit body 1 moves downward, the waste pile enters the pile cutting groove 11, then the push rod 41 and the driving motor 84 are controlled to start, so that the guide plate 2 rotates towards the direction close to the waste pile, the guide plate 2 drives the cutting tooth 3 to abut against the waste pile, then the drill bit body 1 is driven to rotate, the cutting tooth 3 can cut the waste pile by rotating, at the same time, the high-pressure pump 51 and the sand pump are started to supply water source and abrasive to the spray head 52, the water source and the abrasive are sprayed from the spray head 52 in a high-pressure state to the waste pile, the waste pile is cut, the waste pile is cut off, if the length of the waste pile is relatively long, the cut waste pile is transferred out of the pile hole, then the rotary excavation of the next pile hole is performed again, and the next waste pile is cut off, by cutting off the waste pile quickly while excavating the hole, the construction process is simplified, the problem that the efficiency is low and the cost is high when the waste pile is processed is effectively improved, and the guide plate 2 can also be adjusted to be suitable for the cutting demand of waste piles with different diameters.

[0053] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An adjustable rotary drill head, characterized by: The utility model relates to a rotary drilling machine's drill bit, including drill bit body (1), guide plate (2), pick (3), control mechanism (4) and cutting mechanism (5), drill bit body (1) is used for connecting to the drill pipe of rotary drilling machine, the drill bit body (1) is set up with the cutting pile groove (11) for the waste pile to wear into on the side wall of cutting pile groove (11), guide plate (2) is hingedly arranged with multiple on the side wall of cutting pile groove (11), pick (3) is arranged on guide plate (2), control mechanism (4) is arranged on drill bit body (1) and is used to drive guide plate (2) to rotate towards the direction of the axle of drill bit body (1), cutting mechanism (5) is arranged on drill bit body (1) and is used to cut off waste pile, The cutting mechanism (5) includes a high-pressure pump (51), a spray head (52), and a sand supply assembly (53). The high-pressure pump (51) is arranged on the drill bit body (1) and communicates with a water source. The spray head (52) is arranged on the guide plate (2) and communicates with the high-pressure pump (51). The sand supply assembly (53) is arranged on the drill bit body (1) and is used to supply abrasive materials to the spray head (52). The drill bit body (1) is provided with a supporting mechanism (8) for supporting the guide plate (2). The supporting mechanism (8) includes a supporting cylinder (81), a supporting rod (82), a supporting screw (83), and a driving motor (84). The supporting cylinder (81) is hingedly arranged on the drill bit body (1). The supporting rod (82) is slidingly inserted into the supporting cylinder (81) and is hingedly connected with the guide plate (2). The supporting screw (83) is rotationally arranged on the supporting cylinder (81) and is threadedly connected with the supporting rod (82). The driving motor (84) is arranged on the supporting cylinder (81) and is used to drive the supporting screw (83) to rotate. The supporting cylinder (81) is provided with a limiting mechanism (9) for limiting the rotation of the supporting screw (83). The limiting mechanism (9) includes a ratchet wheel (91), a pawl (92), a limiting spring (93), and a shifting assembly (94). The ratchet wheel (91) is coaxially arranged on the supporting screw (83). The pawl (92) is hingedly arranged on the supporting cylinder (81). The limiting spring (93) is arranged on the supporting cylinder (81) and is connected with the pawl (92). The limiting spring (93) always has a tendency to drive the pawl (92) to abut against the ratchet wheel (91), so that the supporting screw (83) can only rotate in a direction away from the supporting cylinder (81) to drive the supporting rod (82). The shifting assembly (94) is arranged on the supporting cylinder (81) and is used to shift the pawl (92) away from the ratchet wheel (91).

2. The adjustable drag bit of claim 1, wherein: The control mechanism (4) includes a push rod (41), a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a controller. The push rod (41) is hingedly arranged on the drill bit body (1). The piston rod of the push rod (41) is hingedly connected with the guide plate (2). The pressure sensor is arranged between the pick (3) and the guide plate (2). The temperature sensor is arranged on the pick (3). The controller is arranged on the drill bit body (1) and is electrically connected with the push rod (41), the pressure sensor, and the temperature sensor.

3. The adjustable drag bit of claim 1, wherein: The guide plate (2) is provided with a slot (21), the cutting tooth (3) is inserted into the slot (21), and the guide plate (2) is provided with a positioning mechanism (6) for positioning the cutting tooth (3) in the slot (21).

4. The adjustable drag bit of claim 3, wherein: The positioning mechanism (6) comprises a positioning plate (61) and a positioning bolt (62), the positioning plate (61) is slidably arranged on the guide plate (2), the positioning plate (61) is provided with a clamping groove (611) for clamping the cutting tooth (3), and the positioning bolt (62) penetrates through the positioning plate (61) and is threadedly arranged on the guide plate (2); the diameter of the cutting tooth (3) at the end of the slot (21) is greater than the diameter of the clamping groove (611).

5. The adjustable drag bit of claim 4, wherein: The bottom wall of the slot (21) is provided with a buffer pad (7), and the side wall of the clamping groove (611) is gradually inclined away from the cutting tooth (3) from the axis end close to the drill bit body (1) to the axis end away from the drill bit body (1).

6. The adjustable drag bit of claim 1, wherein: The poking assembly (94) comprises a poking block (941) and a driving piece (942), the poking block (941) is slidably arranged on the supporting barrel (81) towards the side of the ratchet wheel (91) close to the pawl (92), and the driving piece (942) is arranged on the supporting barrel (81) and used for driving the poking block (941) to slide.

7. The adjustable drag bit of claim 1, wherein: The drill bit body (1) is provided with an embedding groove (12), and the embedding groove (12) is used for embedding the guide plate (2) when the guide plate (2) rotates away from the drill bit body (1).

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