A side-wall coal mining machine, a screw conveyor system and a control method

Abstract

This invention discloses a sidewall coal mining machine, a spiral conveying system, and a control method. The spiral conveying system of the sidewall coal mining machine includes multiple cascaded propulsion arms. The middle part of each propulsion arm is configured as a receiving cavity for accommodating coal material. A spiral conveying rod is arranged and installed along the length of the receiving cavity. The spiral conveying rod includes a spiral shaft and spiral blades disposed on the spiral shaft. Spiral drive vanes are respectively disposed circumferentially near both ends of the spiral shaft. The first end of the spiral shaft is configured as a tapered pin structure, and the second end of the spiral shaft is configured as a tapered hole structure that cooperates with the tapered pin structure. The spiral conveying rods between adjacent propulsion arms are positioned and connected by inserting the tapered pin structure into the tapered hole structure, and the cascaded spiral conveying rods are driven during rotation by the end face contact of adjacent spiral drive vanes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering machinery, specifically relating to a sidewall coal mining machine, a screw conveyor system, and a control method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the field of open-pit coal mining and transportation, belt conveyors are mainly used. Belt conveyors are flexible mechanisms that can adapt to different slopes and terrains. However, they have the following problems: 1. Belt conveyors require traction from the front end to advance, generally driven by a front-end cutting mechanism that pulls the conveyor, which then follows; 2. Belt conveyors are relatively large and not well-suited for long-distance and complex coal seam mining and transportation; 3. The main unit and propulsion / feeding mechanism are located at the front, and components such as the motor and walking mechanism need to enter the tunnel as the cutting mechanism goes deeper, significantly increasing the number of components requiring maintenance and making maintenance difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Objective: In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a sidewall coal mining machine, a screw conveyor system and a control method, through which the screw conveyor system of the sidewall coal mining machine achieves wide adaptability to mining tunnels and adjustable conveying angle.

[0004] Technical solution: To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a spiral conveying system for a sidewall coal mining machine is provided, comprising a plurality of cascaded propulsion arms;

[0006] The middle part of the push arm is configured as a receiving cavity for holding coal, and a screw conveyor is arranged and installed in the receiving cavity along the length direction.

[0007] The helical conveyor includes a helical shaft and helical blades disposed on the helical shaft. Helical drive blades are respectively disposed circumferentially near both ends of the helical shaft. The first end of the helical shaft is configured as a tapered pin structure, and the second end of the helical shaft is configured as a tapered hole structure that cooperates with the tapered pin structure. The helical conveyor between adjacent propulsion arms is positioned and connected by inserting the tapered pin structure into the tapered hole structure, and the cascaded helical conveyor drives are achieved through end face contact between adjacent helical drive blades during rotation.

[0008] The first end of the push arm is provided with a pin plate for mounting a quick-change pin, and the second end of the push arm is provided with an outwardly extending tongue plate. A connecting hole for the quick-change pin to pass through is opened at the corresponding position of the tongue plate, and the diameter of the connecting hole is larger than the diameter of the quick-change pin.

[0009] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a sidewall coal mining machine is provided, comprising the aforementioned sidewall coal mining machine screw conveyor system, and further comprising a cutting mechanism and a power frame; the cutting mechanism is connected to one end of the screw conveyor system located inside the mining tunnel; the power frame is disposed at the entrance of the mining tunnel, and a propulsion cylinder is mounted on the power frame and drivenly connected to the end of the screw conveyor system located outside the mining tunnel, for propulsing or pulling back the cascaded screw conveyor system outside the mining tunnel.

[0010] When advancing or retracting the cascaded screw conveyor system, the telescopic rod end of the advancing cylinder is connected to the tongue plate of the outermost advancing arm of the sidewall coal mining machine screw conveyor system.

[0011] The propulsion arms of the spiral conveyor system of the side coal mining machine are continuously added outside the mining tunnel in a cascaded manner. The propulsion arms are pushed forward by the propulsion cylinder to advance the cutting mechanism at the front end. When the propulsion cylinder advances one propulsion arm stroke, the propulsion cylinder retracts and another propulsion arm is added. The propulsion cylinder continues to push forward to drive the cutting mechanism to advance. This cycle continues until the advance requirement is met.

[0012] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a conveying control method for the aforementioned sidewall coal mining machine is provided, comprising:

[0013] The volume of coal cut by the cutting mechanism per unit time is calculated based on the rotational speed of the star wheel loaded on the shovel.

[0014] The total screw capacity of the screw conveyor system of the sidewall coal mining machine is calculated based on the number of cascaded propulsion arm sections and the volume of the cavity of each propulsion arm.

[0015] The target value of the screw conveyor rotation speed is calculated based on the volume of coal cut per unit time and the total capacity of the screw conveyor system of the side coal mining machine.

[0016] The target torque value is calculated based on the number of cascaded propulsion arm sections, wherein there is a linear relationship between the number of propulsion arm sections and the required torque.

[0017] The rotational speed of the screw conveyor is controlled based on the target rotational speed value, and the torque of the screw conveyor is controlled based on the target torque value.

[0018] Beneficial Effects: The sidewall coal mining machine, screw conveyor system, and control method provided by this invention have the following advantages: Through a double-cone pin structure combined with a tongue plate and a helical blade rotation drive, the angle adjustment of the propulsion arm in the vertical direction is achieved, and the multi-section screw assembly can be driven normally even with an angle, adapting to the terrain needs of coal seam roadways with different slopes. By cascading the propulsion arms section by section, and utilizing the rear-mounted propulsion mechanism outside the tunnel to achieve the feed of the cutting mechanism, the propulsion mechanism and the coal conveying mechanism of the sidewall coal mining machine are integrated into one unit, realizing unmanned operation inside the tunnel and operation and maintenance outside the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spiral conveyor system of the side coal mining machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front end structure of the propulsion arm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear end structure of the propulsion arm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tapered pin angle adjustment structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tongue plate and the quick-change pin in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1, propulsion arm; 2, tongue plate; 3, power frame; 4, propulsion cylinder; 5, quick-change pin; 31, frame fixing pin hole; 11, positioning pin; 12, screw conveyor rod; 121, screw drive vane; 122, tapered pin structure; 123, tapered hole structure; 13, positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "up," "down," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement between components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Research has found that existing open-pit coal mining equipment all use belt conveyors as the transport structure for coal mining. This structure requires the main unit to pull the coal at the front end, and its operation and maintenance must be carried out inside the mine. Furthermore, belt conveyors are large in size, inconvenient to move, and only suitable for mining thick coal seams, not thin ones. This results in poor overall equipment versatility, poor operability, maintainability, and safety, which does not meet the requirements of unmanned or minimally manned coal mining.

[0031] In view of this, this application provides a spiral conveyor system for a sidewall coal mining machine, which changes the feed of the front-end cutting mechanism from being driven by the front-end main unit inside the tunnel to a multi-section cascaded rear-end propulsion structure outside the tunnel. Due to the smaller size of the propulsion arms, it can adapt to various coal seam mining operations and achieves unmanned operation and maintenance inside the tunnel. This invention changes the feed drive of the cutting mechanism from the traditional front-end drive by the main unit inside the tunnel to a rear-end drive by the main unit outside the tunnel, integrating the propulsion function of the cutting mechanism with the tunnel transportation function of coal falling, and changing the traditional main unit feed to drill bit feed.

[0032] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a spiral conveyor system for a sidewall coal mining machine includes multiple cascaded propulsion arms 1;

[0033] The middle part of the push arm 1 is configured as a receiving cavity for holding coal, and a spiral conveying rod 12 is arranged and installed in the receiving cavity along the length direction.

[0034] The spiral conveyor 12 includes a spiral shaft and spiral blades disposed on the spiral shaft. Spiral drive blades 121 are respectively disposed circumferentially near both ends of the spiral shaft. The first end of the spiral shaft is configured as a tapered pin structure 122, and the second end of the spiral shaft is configured as a tapered hole structure 123 that cooperates with the tapered pin structure 122. The spiral conveyor 12 between adjacent propulsion arms 1 are positioned and connected by inserting the tapered pin structure 122 into the tapered hole structure 123, and the cascaded spiral conveyor 12 are driven during rotation by the end face contact of adjacent spiral drive blades 121.

[0035] The first end of the push arm 1 is provided with a pin plate for mounting the quick-change pin 5, and the second end of the push arm 1 is provided with an outwardly extending tongue plate 2. The tongue plate 2 has a connecting hole for the quick-change pin 5 to pass through at a corresponding position. The diameter of the connecting hole is larger than the diameter of the quick-change pin 5.

[0036] In this application, the cascaded spiral conveying rods 12 are driven during rotation through end-face contact between adjacent spiral drive vanes 121. This connection and drive method ensures that the spiral conveying rods 12 can still be driven even when the spiral shafts are not concentric, preventing jamming. Adjacent spiral conveying rods 12 are positioned and connected by inserting the tapered pin structure 122 into the tapered hole structure 123, allowing for angle adjustment of the propulsion arm in the vertical direction and ensuring normal operation of the multi-section spiral assembly even at angles, adapting to the terrain requirements of coal seam roadways with varying slopes.

[0037] In some embodiments, the accommodating cavity has a box-shaped structure.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, two helical conveying rods are arranged symmetrically in parallel within the accommodating cavity, and the two helical conveying rods rotate in opposite directions.

[0039] To adapt to different terrains and slopes in the mining tunnel structure, the propulsion arm structure is designed to swing at a certain angle. This is achieved through the design of a tapered pin, double V-shaped pin holes, and a blade-driven helical conveyor rod structure.

[0040] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first end of the push arm 1 is provided with a positioning pin 11, and the second end of the push arm 1 is provided with a positioning hole 13 that cooperates with the positioning pin 11. This is used to achieve positioning connection between adjacent push arms 1. In this embodiment, there are two positioning pins 11, which are configured as double V-shaped positioning tapered pins; there are two positioning holes 13, which are configured as double V-shaped positioning pin holes.

[0041] Furthermore, the tapered pin structure 122 and the positioning pin 11 are located on the same plane, and the tapered hole structure 123 and the positioning hole 13 are located on the same plane. When the coal seam is uneven and climbing is required, the cascaded propulsion arms can make a certain turn around the double V-shaped positioning pin hole to adapt to the uneven terrain and continue to advance.

[0042] Example 2: As Figure 1 As shown, a sidewall coal mining machine includes the aforementioned sidewall coal mining machine screw conveyor system.

[0043] In some embodiments, the sidewall coal mining machine further includes a cutting mechanism (not shown) and a power frame 3; the cutting mechanism is connected to one end of the spiral conveying system located inside the mining tunnel; the power frame 3 is located at the entrance of the mining tunnel, and a propulsion cylinder 4 is installed on the power frame 3 and driven to the end of the spiral conveying system located outside the mining tunnel, for propulsing or pulling back the cascaded spiral conveying system outside the mining tunnel.

[0044] In this embodiment, the power frame 3 is fixed to the entrance of the mining tunnel by means of a frame fixing pin hole 31 and a fixing pin.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the cascaded screw conveyor system is pushed forward or pulled back, the telescopic rod end of the push cylinder 4 is connected to the tongue plate 2 of the outermost push arm 1 of the side coal mining machine screw conveyor system.

[0046] In this application, the propulsion arm 1 of the spiral conveyor system of the side coal mining machine is continuously added outside the mining tunnel in a cascaded manner. The propulsion cylinder 4 pushes the propulsion arm 1 to advance the cutting mechanism at the front end to continuously advance the size. When the propulsion cylinder 4 advances one propulsion arm stroke, the propulsion cylinder 4 retracts and another propulsion arm 1 is added. The propulsion cylinder 4 continues to push and drive the cutting mechanism to advance the size. This cycle continues until the size requirement is met.

[0047] This multi-section cascaded propulsion arm structure for external cutting and propulsion, with the main unit and propulsion mechanism externally mounted, facilitates operation and maintenance and is suitable for long-distance and complex coal seam mining and transportation. Furthermore, due to the relatively small size of the propulsion arm, it achieves wide adaptability to different mining tunnels (the smallest tunnel is only the thickness of the propulsion wall, while the largest tunnel can cover a range of 5 meters), enabling it to adapt to various coal seam mining operations and achieve unmanned operation and maintenance inside the tunnel.

[0048] Example 3: A conveying control method for the above-mentioned sidewall coal mining machine, comprising:

[0049] The volume of coal cut by the cutting mechanism per unit time is calculated based on the rotational speed of the star wheel loaded on the shovel.

[0050] The total screw capacity of the screw conveyor system of the sidewall coal mining machine is calculated based on the number of cascaded propulsion arm sections and the volume of the cavity of each propulsion arm.

[0051] The target value of the screw conveyor rotation speed is calculated based on the volume of coal cut per unit time and the total capacity of the screw conveyor system of the side coal mining machine.

[0052] The target torque value is calculated based on the number of cascaded propulsion arm sections, wherein there is a linear relationship between the number of propulsion arm sections and the required torque.

[0053] The rotational speed of the screw conveyor is controlled based on the target rotational speed value, and the torque of the screw conveyor is controlled based on the target torque value.

[0054] This application innovates the transport control of the screw conveyor mechanism. Since the screw conveyor's speed and torque determine its transport capacity and whether the coal can be output promptly without accumulation or jamming, this application uses a segment-by-segment cutting advance method. Therefore, the required drive torque differs significantly between the initial entry into the tunnel and deeper advances. The amount of coal cut at the front working face can be calculated from the speed of the shovel loading star wheel. Therefore, this application controls the speed and torque of the screw conveyor rod 12 of the screw conveyor system by collecting two parameters: the speed of the shovel loading star wheel and the number of cascaded propulsion arm segments. This achieves matching between the screw conveyor and the front receiving conveyor rate, ensuring smooth and timely material transport.

[0055] The technical means disclosed in this invention are not limited to those disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. The invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the invention. All technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A side-wall coal mining machine, characterized in that, This includes the spiral conveyor system, cutting mechanism, and power frame of the side coal mining machine; The spiral conveyor system of the sidewall mining machine includes multiple cascaded propulsion arms; the middle part of each propulsion arm is configured as a receiving cavity for accommodating coal, and a spiral conveying rod is arranged and installed along the length of the receiving cavity; the spiral conveying rod includes a spiral shaft and spiral blades disposed on the spiral shaft, with spiral drive vanes respectively disposed circumferentially near both ends of the spiral shaft, the first end of the spiral shaft being configured as a tapered pin structure, and the second end of the spiral shaft being configured as a tapered hole structure that mates with the tapered pin structure; the spiral conveying rods between adjacent propulsion arms are positioned and connected by inserting the tapered pin structure into the tapered hole structure, and are connected by end face contact between adjacent spiral drive vanes. The rotation is driven by cascaded spiral conveying rods; the first end of the push arm is provided with a pin plate for mounting a quick-change pin, and the second end of the push arm is provided with an outwardly extending tongue plate. A connecting hole for the quick-change pin to pass through is opened at a corresponding position on the tongue plate, and the diameter of the connecting hole is larger than the diameter of the quick-change pin; the first end of the push arm is provided with a positioning pin, and the second end of the push arm is provided with a positioning hole that mates with the positioning pin. There are two positioning pins, configured as double V-shaped positioning tapered pins; there are two positioning holes, configured as double V-shaped positioning pin holes. The tapered pin structure and the positioning pin are located on the same plane, and the tapered hole structure and the positioning hole are located on the same plane. The cutting mechanism is connected to one end of the spiral conveyor system located inside the mining tunnel. The power frame is located at the entrance of the mining tunnel, and a propulsion cylinder is installed on the power frame and driven to the end of the spiral conveyor system located outside the mining tunnel. This cylinder is used to propel or pull back the cascaded spiral conveyor system outside the mining tunnel. The propulsion arms are continuously added outside the mining tunnel in a cascaded manner. The propulsion cylinder pushes the propulsion arm to advance the cutting mechanism at the front end, continuously advancing the dimension. When the propulsion cylinder advances one propulsion arm stroke, it retracts and continues to insert another propulsion arm. The propulsion cylinder continues to push forward, driving the cutting mechanism to advance the dimension. This cycle continues until the dimension requirement is met. The conveying control method for the sidewall coal mining machine includes: calculating the volume of coal cut per unit time by the cutting mechanism based on the rotational speed of the shovel loading star wheel; calculating the total screw capacity of the screw conveyor system of the sidewall coal mining machine based on the number of cascaded propulsion arm sections and the volume of each propulsion arm's accommodating cavity; calculating the target rotational speed of the screw conveyor based on the volume of coal cut per unit time and the total accommodating volume of the screw conveyor system of the sidewall coal mining machine; calculating the target torque value based on the number of cascaded propulsion arm sections, wherein the number of propulsion arm sections and the required torque are linearly related; controlling the rotational speed of the screw conveyor based on the target rotational speed value, and controlling the torque of the screw conveyor based on the target torque value.

2. The side-wall coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accommodating cavity has a box-shaped structure.

3. The sidewall coal mining machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two helical conveying rods are arranged symmetrically in parallel within the accommodating cavity, and the two helical conveying rods rotate in opposite directions.

4. The sidewall coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, When advancing or retracting the cascaded screw conveyor system, the telescopic rod end of the advancing cylinder is connected to the tongue plate of the outermost advancing arm of the side coal mining machine.

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