An extra-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft

Abstract

The present invention discloses and provides a fixing device for an extra-large derrick in a shaft, which can arbitrarily adjust and fix the height of a working platform and prevent the working platform from tilting during lifting. To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions. It includes a fixing frame, and a plurality of support legs extend from the lower end of the fixing frame. The lower ends of the respective support legs are respectively connected to support plates. An elevating motor extends downward on each support leg. The lower end of the elevating motor is connected to an elevating platform through an elevating rope. Both ends of the elevating rope respectively pass through both ends of the elevating platform. A regulating wheel for regulating the elevating rope is fixedly connected to the lower end of the elevating platform. The middle part of the elevating rope is wound around the regulating wheel. A horizontal detector is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the elevating platform. The detection result of the horizontal detector is corresponded to the regulation of the regulating wheel to control the elevating platform to maintain a horizontal state. A plurality of punching mechanisms are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the side of the elevating platform and telescopic support rods corresponding to the punching mechanisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shaft derricks. Specifically, it is an ultra-large derrick fixing device for shafts. Background Art

[0002] Derricks are widely used in mines. Especially for the construction of the inner sidewall of shafts and the work inside the shafts, derricks need to be set at the upper end of the shafts. At the same time, the support of the derrick is used for lifting and lowering movements inside the shafts. Also, due to the development of technology, the depth of shafts can reach up to thousands of meters, and the diameters of shafts range from several meters to dozens of meters. During the downward drilling of the shaft, the work platform that can be lifted and lowered on the derrick is used for lining the shaft wall from top to bottom. During the drilling and shaft wall support processes, different tunneling and lining schemes are carried out according to the geological structure. During the lining process in the bedrock layer, holes are drilled on the sidewall of the bedrock layer, and then the support platform is temporarily fixed inside the shaft by extending the support rods. In the strata with higher water content or more porous soil, the inner sidewall of the shaft can be frozen by the freezing method first, and then the lining work can be carried out after fixing the work platform, so as to complete the overall lining of the inner sidewall of the shaft and the installation of the inner lining operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ultra-large derrick fixing device for shafts that can arbitrarily adjust and fix the height of the work platform and prevent the work platform from tilting during lifting and lowering.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] An ultra-large derrick fixing device for shafts, including a fixing frame. The fixing frame is conical and there are multiple triangular fixing frames provided inside the upper end. The lower end of the fixing frame extends outward with multiple circumferentially distributed support legs. The lower ends of each support leg are respectively connected with a support flat plate. Each support leg is respectively provided with a lifting motor extending downward. The lower end of the lifting motor is connected with a lifting platform through a lifting rope. Both ends of the lifting rope respectively pass through both ends of the lifting platform and extend upward. The lower end of the lifting platform is fixedly connected with an adjusting wheel for adjusting the extending lengths of both ends of the lifting rope. The middle part of the lifting rope is wound around the adjusting wheel. The lower end surface of the lifting platform is fixedly connected with a horizontal detector. The detection result of the horizontal detector is corresponded to the adjustment of the adjusting wheel to control the lifting platform to maintain a horizontal state. Multiple circumferentially distributed punching mechanisms and telescopic support rods corresponding to the punching mechanisms are provided on the side surface of the lifting platform.

[0006] Preferably, the punching mechanism includes a punching fixing plate located at the lower end of the lifting platform. A height adjusting mechanism is provided between the upper end surface of the punching fixing plate and the lifting platform to control the vertical height of the punching fixing plate. A horizontally arranged and parallel driving threaded rod is rotatably connected to the punching fixing plate. A punching motor is threadedly connected to the driving threaded rod. The axis of the punching motor shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting platform and is arranged outward. A punching drill bit coaxially arranged is fixedly connected to the punching motor shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the height adjusting mechanism includes a bidirectional threaded shaft rotatably connected to the corresponding positions of the left and right ends of the upper end surface of the punching fixing plate and the lower end surface of the lifting platform. Threads with opposite helix directions are provided at both ends of the bidirectional threaded shaft. Lower sliding rods are respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the bidirectional threaded shaft on the punching fixing plate. Upper sliding rods are respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the bidirectional threaded shaft at the lower end of the lifting platform. A plurality of lifting rods are arranged in an alternating manner and rotatably connected in the middle between the punching fixing plate and the lifting platform. Both ends of the lifting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding upper sliding rod and lower sliding rod.

[0008] Preferably, the punching drill bit includes a cylindrical and hollow drill bit body. One end of the drill bit body is open and the other end is provided with a connection port. A chip removal groove is provided at the end of the extending end of the drill bit body. A water inlet hole is provided on the side surface of the end close to the connection port.

[0009] Preferably, a water injection pipe is provided on the side of the punching motor. The extending end of the water injection pipe is connected with an annular sleeve. The annular sleeve is sleeved on the drill bit body and corresponds to the position of the water inlet hole. The water injection pipe is connected to a water pump.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of telescopic rods fixed to the lifting platform and located in the same vertical plane as the axis of the corresponding drill bit body are provided. An extending rod is slidably connected in the telescopic rod. The diameter of the extending rod is smaller than the opening diameter of the drill bit body.

[0011] Preferably, a stabilizing frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end surface of the punching fixing plate. A stabilizing hole is provided in the stabilizing frame. The extending end of the punching drill bit is rotatably and slidably connected in the stabilizing hole.

[0012] Preferably, the annular sleeve is fixedly connected to the punching motor, and the annular sleeve is sealingly and rotatably connected to the punching drill bit.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting wheel includes a cylindrical wheel body. An adjusting groove arranged in a spiral shape is provided on the wheel body. The lifting rope is wound around the adjusting sleeve and both ends extend outward. The wheel body is connected with a coaxial driving motor. A protective shell is sleeved outside the wheel body.

[0014] Preferably, the horizontal detector includes detection tubes which are vertically and staggeredly arranged. The detection tubes are sealed tubes, and both ends of the detection tubes extend obliquely upward. There are balls inside the detection tubes, and trigger pieces which are matched with the balls are respectively arranged on the inner sides of both ends of the detection tubes.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. The support body is composed of a conical structure and multiple triangular fixing structures. The stability of the triangle is used to enhance the strength of the overall structure and avoid deformation.

[0017] 2. During the lifting process, the horizontal adjustment mechanism is used to horizontally adjust the lifting platform, avoiding the problem that the princess platform tilts and causes inconvenience in construction.

[0018] 3. During the working process of the working platform, holes are drilled in the opposite side wall, and then support rods are inserted into the side wall after drilling to support and stabilize the working platform, so that there is a stable working platform during the lining process of the opposite side wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a second perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the lifting platform of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the bottom of the lifting platform of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the drilling structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the drilling head of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the drilling structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the adjusting wheel of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the horizontal detector of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 It is a front view of the horizontal detector of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 It is a sectional view of the horizontal detector of the present invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the figures are represented as follows: 1, fixed frame; 2, triangular fixing frame; 3, support leg; 4, support flat plate; 5, lifting motor; 6, lifting rope; 7, lifting platform; 8, adjusting wheel; 9, horizontal detector; 10, drilling mechanism; 11, telescopic support rod; 12, drilling fixing plate; 13, driving threaded rod; 14, drilling motor; 15, drilling bit; 16, bidirectional threaded shaft; 17, lower sliding rod; 18, upper sliding rod; 19, lifting rod; 20, chip removal groove; 21, water inlet hole; 22, water injection pipe; 23, annular sleeve; 24, stabilizing frame; 25, stabilizing hole; 26, wheel body; 27, adjusting groove; 28, detection pipe; 29, ball. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] This embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] When this embodiment is in use, the main structure is divided into two parts. One part is the fixed frame 1 standing on the ground and used for support. The fixed frame 1 is in a conical structure and the upper ends coincide. A plurality of support legs 3 extending obliquely downward and outward are evenly distributed around the lower end of the fixed frame 1. The support legs 3 are fixed to the ground for support. The other part is the lifting platform 7 extending downward through the fixed frame 1. The height of the lifting platform 7 is adjusted by a lifting rope 6 between the lifting platform 7 and the fixed frame 1. An adjusting wheel 8 for winding the lifting rope 6 is provided at the lower end of the lifting platform 7. A horizontal detector 9 for detecting the inclination of the lifting platform 7 is provided at the lower end of the lifting platform 7. The extension length of the lifting rope 6 is adjusted according to the detection result of the horizontal detector 9, so as to adjust the inclination of the lifting platform 7. A plurality of drilling mechanisms 10 and telescopic support rods 11 arranged in a divergent manner are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the lifting platform 7. The inner side of the well wall is drilled by the drilling mechanism 10, and then when support is needed, the telescopic support rods 11 are extended into the drilled holes for support, so as to obtain a stable support platform.

[0033] The fixed frame 1 is conical and the upper ends coincide. A plurality of triangular fixing frames are provided at the upper end of the fixed frame 1. The stability of the fixed frame 1 is enhanced by the triangular stability of the triangular fixing frame 2. A plurality of support legs 3 extending obliquely downward and evenly distributed around the circumference are provided at the lower end of the fixed frame 1. Each lower end of the support legs 3 is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged support flat plate 4. The support flat plate 4 is fixedly connected to the ground for positioning. In order to make the fixation more stable and avoid displacement during the lifting process, a plurality of fixed platforms are respectively poured at the corresponding positions on the ground before fixing the support legs 3. Fixing holes are provided on the support flat plate 4. The support flat plate 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed platform through fixing pins. A lifting motor 5 is rotatably connected to each fixed support leg 3. The lifting motor 5 drives a winding wheel. The lifting rope 6 is controlled to lift by driving the lifting motor 5. The lifting platform 7 is connected to the downward extending end of the lifting rope 6. The lifting platform 7 is driven to perform a lifting movement by the lifting motor 5.

[0034] The lifting platform 7 is divided into three layers, including a support layer at the lower layer, a stepping layer at the upper layer, and a strengthening layer in the middle. The lower end of the support layer plays a role in stabilizing the lifting platform 7 and is welded together by steel structures to avoid deformation during use. The stepping layer is used to contact the staff. The upper end surface of the stepping layer is provided with an anti-slip layer. At the same time, a guardrail is provided on the outer circumference of the stepping layer. The strengthening layer in the middle is a plurality of strengthening grids arranged in a staggered manner to enhance the overall strength through the strengthening grids.

[0035] Vertically penetrating holes are respectively opened on the lifting platform 7 corresponding to the downward extending positions of each lifting rope 6. Both ends of the lifting rope 6 respectively pass upward through the penetrating holes from the lower end of the lifting platform 7 and then extend upward. The upward extending end parts of both ends of the lifting rope 6 are connected to the winding wheels on the lifting motor 5. A driving motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting platform 7. A wheel body 26 of a cylindrical adjusting wheel 8 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the driving motor. A spiral adjusting groove 27 is provided on the wheel body 26. A protective shell is provided outside the wheel body 26. The lifting rope 6 is wound in the adjusting groove 27 on the wheel body 26 and both ends pass through the protective shell and extend outward. By winding the lifting rope 6 around the wheel body 26, the lifting rope 6 can be prevented from sliding when there is no active drive. When it is necessary to adjust the positions of both ends of the lifting rope 6, that is, to adjust the inclination of the lifting platform 7, the rotation of the driving motor is used to control the rotation of the wheel body 26 of the adjusting wheel 8, thereby adjusting the contact positions of both ends of the lifting rope 6 with the penetrating holes. The penetrating holes on the lifting platform 7 are respectively arranged in pairs and are circumferentially evenly distributed on the lifting platform 7. Both ends of each lifting rope 6 are connected in each group of penetrating holes. The corresponding lifting rope 6 is adjusted to stably keep the lifting platform 7 in a horizontal state all the time.

[0036] A horizontal detector 9 is provided at the center of the lower end surface of the lifting platform 7. The horizontal detector 9 includes detection tubes 28 arranged in a staggered manner. The detection tubes 28 are hollow sealed tubes. A ball 29 is provided in the detection tubes 28. Both ends of the detection tubes 28 symmetrically extend obliquely upward, so that the problem of uneven force during adjustment can be avoided during adjustment.

[0037] A plurality of punching mechanisms 10 are provided at the lower end of the lifting platform 7 and are arranged in a circumferentially evenly distributed and divergent manner. An expansion rod is provided in the middle of the lifting platform 7 and is matched with the corresponding punching mechanism 10. The punching mechanism 10 includes a punching fixing plate 12. The upper end surface of the punching fixing plate 12 is connected to the lower end surface of the lifting platform 7 through a height adjustment mechanism, so that the punching fixing plate 12 can perform a lifting movement through the height adjustment mechanism. A punching drill bit 15 arranged horizontally and moving outward is connected to the lower end of the punching fixing plate 12. Then, when the lifting platform 7 moves to the position of the opened hole and it is necessary to fix the lifting platform 7, the expansion rod is extended and connected into the opened hole for fixation.

[0038] The height adjustment mechanism includes bidirectional threaded shafts 16 rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the upper end surface of the punching fixing plate 12 and the corresponding positions on the lower end surface of the lifting platform 7 respectively. That is, four mutually parallel bidirectional threaded shafts 16 are grouped together. The thread directions at both ends of each bidirectional threaded rod are opposite. The two ends of the bidirectional threaded shaft 16 at the upper end of the punching fixing plate 12 are respectively threadedly connected with lower sliding rods 17. The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rods at the corresponding positions on the lower end of the lifting platform 7 are respectively threadedly connected with upper sliding rods 18. There are staggered lifting rods 19 arranged between the upper sliding rod 18 and the lower sliding rod 17. The lifting rods 19 are arranged in multiple groups in a staggered manner. The middle parts of each group of lifting rods 19 are rotatably connected. The two ends of each lifting rod 19 are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding upper sliding rod 18 and lower sliding rod 17. By driving the upper sliding rod 18 and the lower sliding rod 17 to move at both ends of the bidirectional threaded rod respectively, the horizontal height of the punching fixing plate 12 is controlled, thereby controlling the height of the punching part.

[0039] At both ends of the lower end surface of the punching fixing plate 12, there are respectively rotatably connected driving threaded rods 13. A punching motor 14 is threadedly connected to the driving threaded rods 13. By rotating the driving threaded rods 13, the extension and retraction of the punching motor 14 along the direction of the driving threaded rods 13 are controlled. A coaxially arranged punching drill bit 15 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the punching motor 14. The punching drill bit 15 extends towards the outside and performs a punching operation on the inner side wall of the shaft. The punching drill bit 15 includes a cylindrical drill bit body. The end of the drill bit body facing the outside is open and is a punching opening. A chip discharge groove 20 is provided at the end of the punching opening. The end of the drill bit body connected to the punching motor 14 is a connection port, and it is detachably connected to the punching motor 14 through the connection port. A water inlet hole 21 is provided on the side surface of the punching drill bit 15 near the punching motor 14.

[0040] An annular sleeve 23 is rotatably connected to the position corresponding to the water inlet hole 21 on the outside of the punching drill bit 15. The annular sleeve 23 is in sealed rotational connection with the outer side surface of the punching drill bit 15. The annular sleeve 23 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the punching motor 14. A water injection pipe 22 is connected to the outside of the annular sleeve 23. The water injection pipe 22 is connected to a high-pressure water pump. Water is injected into the punching drill bit 15 through the high-pressure water pump to facilitate the discharge of the residues inside the punching drill bit 15. A stabilizing frame 24 for supporting the extended end of the punching drill bit 15 is fixedly connected to the outside of the punching fixing plate 12. A stabilizing hole 25 is provided on the stabilizing frame 24. The extended end of the punching drill bit 15 rotates and slides in the stabilizing rod hole to prevent sliding during the punching process of the punching drill bit 15, thereby avoiding hole deviation.

[0041] When drilling holes in the inner sidewall of a vertical shaft, since the construction environment is underground and the construction difficulty varies due to different geological structures underground. There are many different geological structures such as bedrock layers, aquifers, soil layers, etc. To achieve stable support in each geological structure, during the drilling process in the bedrock layer, water is injected at one end of the drilling bit 15, so that the opening part is always provided with water as an opening auxiliary liquid. When drilling in soil layers or strata with a high water content, in order to prevent the holes from deforming irregularly after opening and to provide stable support, the sidewall is frozen by the freezing method on the inner sidewall line, making the opening part harden into an integral structure and capable of providing stable support. At this time, holes are drilled again, and the hardened structure can provide stable support after the telescopic rod is inserted. After the drilling is completed, the drilling bit 15 is retracted inside the drilling fixing plate 12. At this time, since the drilling bit is a tubular structure, residues generated during the opening process remain inside the drilling bit. By injecting high-pressure water into the inner end of the drilling bit 15, the residues inside the drilling bit 15 are ejected, facilitating subsequent drilling operations.

[0042] After the drilling is completed, the lifting platform 7 is gradually moved downward, and when it reaches the position of the drilled hole, the telescopic support rod 11 is extended for support. Then, the sidewall is lined. During the lining process, the drilling operation is repeated on the lower sidewall. For the sidewall that has not been lined, if it is a stratum with a high water content, the sidewall is always frozen to avoid water seepage while providing stable support. When the telescopic support rod 11 is removed and moved downward, due to long-term support, it may tilt to a certain extent. At this time, it is detected by the horizontal detector 9 and adjusted in time to keep the working platform always horizontal. Then, it is gradually moved downward until the lining operation of the entire vertical shaft is completed.

[0043] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A super large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing frame (1), the fixing frame (1) is conical and has a plurality of triangular fixing frames (2) arranged on the inner side of the upper end thereof, a plurality of supporting legs (3) evenly distributed in a circumference extending outward from the lower end of the fixing frame (1), the lower end of each supporting leg (3) being respectively connected to a supporting plate (4), a lifting motor (5) extending downwardly being respectively arranged on each supporting leg (3), the lower end of the lifting motor (5) being connected to a lifting platform (7) via a lifting rope (6), the two ends of the lifting rope (6) respectively passing through the two ends of the lifting platform (7) and extending upwardly, an adjusting wheel (8) for adjusting the extension length of the two ends of the lifting rope (6) being fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting platform (7), the middle part of the lifting rope (6) being wound on the adjusting wheel (8), a level detector (9) being fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the lifting platform (7), the detection result of the level detector (9) being adjusted correspondingly to the adjustment of the adjusting wheel (8) so as to control the lifting platform (7) to maintain a horizontal state, and a plurality of punching mechanisms (10) evenly distributed in a circumference and a telescopic supporting rod (11) corresponding to the punching mechanisms (10) being arranged on the side surface of the lifting platform (7).

2. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punching mechanism (10) comprises a punching fixing plate (12) located at the lower end of the lifting platform (7), a height adjustment mechanism is provided between the upper end surface of the punching fixing plate (12) and the lifting platform (7), and the vertical height of the punching fixing plate (12) is controlled by the height adjustment mechanism, a horizontally arranged and parallel driving threaded rod (13) is rotatably connected to the punching fixing plate (12), a punching motor (14) is threadedly connected to the driving threaded rod (13), a rotating shaft of the punching motor (14) is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting platform (7) and is arranged toward the outside, and a coaxially arranged punching drill bit (15) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the punching motor (14).

3. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height adjustment mechanism comprises a bidirectional threaded shaft (16) rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the upper end surface of the perforated fixing plate (12) at positions corresponding to the lower end surface of the lifting platform (7), the two ends of the bidirectional threaded shaft (16) are provided with threads of opposite rotation directions, the two ends of the bidirectional threaded shaft (16) on the perforated fixing plate (12) are respectively threadedly connected to the lower sliding rod (17), the two ends of the bidirectional threaded shaft (16) at the lower end of the lifting platform (7) are respectively threadedly connected to the upper sliding rod (18), and a plurality of groups of lifting rods (19) arranged in an interlaced manner and rotatably connected in the middle are provided between the perforated fixing plate (12) and the lifting platform (7), and the two ends of the lifting rods (19) are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding upper sliding rod (18) and lower sliding rod (17).

4. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drilling bit (15) comprises a cylindrical and hollow drill body, one end of the drill body is open and the other end is provided with a connection port, the end of the protruding end of the drill body is provided with a chip removal groove (20), and the side surface of the end close to the connection port is provided with a water inlet hole (21).

5. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water injection pipe (22) is provided on the side of the drilling motor (14); an annular sleeve (23) is connected to the protruding end of the water injection pipe (22); the annular sleeve (23) is sleeved on the drill bit body and corresponds to the position of the water inlet hole (21); and the water injection pipe (22) is connected to a water pump.

6. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting platform (7) is fixedly connected to a plurality of telescopic rods which are located in the same vertical plane as the corresponding drill body axes, and an extension rod is slidably connected inside the telescopic rod, and the diameter of the extension rod is smaller than the diameter of the drill body opening.

7. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stabilizing frame (24) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end surface of the punching fixing plate (12), a stabilizing hole (25) is formed on the stabilizing frame (24), and the protruding end of the punching drill bit (15) is rotatably and slidably connected in the stabilizing hole (25).

8. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: The annular sleeve (23) is fixedly connected to the drilling motor (14), and the annular sleeve (23) is sealingly and rotatably connected to the drilling drill bit (15).

9. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting wheel (8) comprises a cylindrical wheel body (26), the wheel body (26) is provided with an adjusting groove (27) arranged in a spiral shape, the lifting rope (6) is wrapped around the adjusting sleeve and the two ends extend outward, the wheel body (26) is connected to a coaxially arranged driving motor, and the outer side of the wheel body (26) is provided with a protective shell.

10. The super-large derrick fixing device for a vertical shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The horizontal detector (9) comprises detection tubes (28) arranged vertically and staggered, the detection tubes (28) being sealed tubes, the two ends of the detection tubes (28) respectively extending obliquely upward, a ball (29) being arranged in the detection tube (28), and a trigger sheet cooperating with the ball (29) being respectively arranged on the inner side of the two ends of the detection tube (28).

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